Operating device for reactor core assembly to enter and exit from reactor and reactor top cover assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of loading and unloading of liquid heavy metal cooling reactor core assemblies, in particular to an operation device for a reactor core assembly to enter and exit a reactor and a reactor top cover assembly.The operation device comprises a shielding structure, a first-stage lifting mechanism, a second-stage lifting mechanism, a grabbing mechanism, a rotary shielding mechanism and a lower sealing mechanism; the first-stage lifting mechanism is arranged in the shielding structure, the second-stage lifting mechanism is installed on the first-stage lifting mechanism, the grabbing mechanism is installed on the second-stage lifting mechanism, the rotary shielding mechanism is connected to the bottom end of the shielding structure, and the lower sealing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the shielding structure and used for sealing a bottom material opening; the first-stage lifting mechanism and the second-stage lifting mechanism are adopted and matched with the grabbing mechanism adopting rigid transmission, enough rigidity and active locking force can be provided, and therefore huge buoyancy generated due to the fact that liquid heavy metal coolants are hung upside down due to density is overcome; and the reactor core assembly can be reliably grabbed, lowered and lifted in a coolant soaking state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid heavy metal cooled reactor core assembly loading and unloading technology, specifically to an operating device for loading and unloading core assemblies into and out of a reactor and a reactor top cover assembly. Background Technology

[0002] A liquid heavy metal-cooled reactor is a fast neutron reactor that uses molten lead or lead-bismuth alloys as a coolant. It possesses inherent advantages such as high safety and overall performance, and can operate under normal pressure and high temperature conditions. When the reactor reaches the end of its fuel assembly lifespan, the spent fuel assemblies immersed in liquid heavy metal need to be replaced with new fuel assemblies. If necessary, control rod assemblies and other related components also need to be replaced. This operation is called reactor refueling.

[0003] Taking a lead-bismuth alloy-cooled reactor as an example, the density of the lead-bismuth alloy is... With a melting point of 125℃, molten lead-bismuth alloy readily produces oxides upon contact with air, which can interfere with the reactor's normal operation. Furthermore, the lead-bismuth alloy reacts with neutrons to produce polonium (P-210), a highly toxic substance. Therefore, lead-bismuth alloy-cooled reactors must maintain adequate insulation and sealing. During refueling, the lead-bismuth alloy is in a molten state, and a sealed space must be constructed for atmosphere isolation. Unlike pressurized water reactors that use water as a coolant, the core assembly materials in liquid heavy metal-cooled reactors have a lower density than lead-bismuth alloys. The main material of the unloading device used for core assembly loading and unloading is stainless steel (density...). The reactor core assemblies require additional structures and active locking with the in-core components, preventing the unloading device from using gravity to grasp them and necessitating a greater grasping and lifting force. Furthermore, the fuel and other core assemblies are highly radioactive after irradiation. These factors have created significant difficulties for the operation of loading and unloading the core assemblies from and from the reactor.

[0004] Existing technologies for core assembly loading and unloading from reactors mostly employ on-reactor fixed refueling devices. These devices are connected to the reactor top cover valve and remain as part of the reactor, resulting in extremely stringent requirements for maintainability, safety, and reliability. The primary function of these devices is to grasp, lift, transfer, lower, and release core assemblies within the reactor. They also require a supporting hoist or elevator to unload fuel, increasing not only the number of devices needed for core assembly loading and unloading but also the number of openings above the reactor top cover or on the side of the reactor vessel, thus increasing economic costs and complicating reactor structural design and manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an operating device for loading and unloading core assemblies into and out of a reactor and a reactor top cover assembly, which can load and unload core assemblies in a reactor cooled by liquid heavy metals, improves the reliability of such operating devices and the normal operation capability of the reactor, and can directly load and unload core assemblies, reduce the number of supporting devices and avoid unnecessary openings in the reactor structure, thereby improving reactor safety and economy.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] An operating device for accessing and removing core assemblies from a reactor, comprising:

[0008] Shielding structure;

[0009] A primary lifting mechanism, which is disposed within the shielding structure, is used to provide a first-stage lifting mechanism;

[0010] A secondary lifting mechanism, which is installed on the primary lifting mechanism, is used to provide a second level of lifting;

[0011] A gripping mechanism, which is mounted on the secondary lifting mechanism, is used to grip or release the core assembly;

[0012] A rotating shielding mechanism is connected to the bottom end of the shielding structure and is provided with a bottom material port for the core assembly to pass through.

[0013] A lower sealing mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the shielding structure and is used to seal the bottom material inlet.

[0014] Optionally, the shielding structure includes a shielding cylinder, an upper flange, and a lower flange, with the upper flange and the lower flange respectively disposed at both ends of the shielding cylinder, the rotating shielding mechanism connected to the lower flange, and the lower sealing structure disposed at the bottom of the shielding cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the primary lifting mechanism includes:

[0016] A first driving structure is installed on the upper end of the shielding structure;

[0017] The first lead screw is connected to the torque output end of the first drive structure, and the first lead screw is arranged in the vertical direction.

[0018] A trapezoidal nut, which is fitted onto the first lead screw and is threaded into the first lead screw;

[0019] A guide seat is connected to the trapezoidal thread nut, and the secondary lifting mechanism is mounted on the guide seat.

[0020] The first drive structure drives the first lead screw to rotate, and the first lead screw drives the guide seat to move up and down through the trapezoidal nut.

[0021] Optionally, the guide seat includes:

[0022] A connecting plate is connected to the trapezoidal thread nut;

[0023] A guide tube is provided, which is connected to the connecting plate, and the secondary lifting mechanism is installed inside the guide tube.

[0024] Optionally, the primary lifting mechanism further includes a guide rod, which is arranged parallel to the first lead screw;

[0025] The guide seat also includes a through pipe, the guide rod passes through the through pipe, and the through pipe and the guide rod are slidably connected by an oil-free bushing.

[0026] Optionally, the secondary lifting mechanism includes:

[0027] A second drive structure is mounted on the upper part of the operating device;

[0028] The first hexagonal drive shaft is connected to the torque output end of the second drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction;

[0029] The first gear shaft is mounted on the guide seat of the first-stage lifting mechanism, and the first gear shaft is slidably engaged with the first hexagonal transmission shaft.

[0030] A guide screw, which is rotatably mounted on the guide seat and is connected to the first gear shaft via a first gear;

[0031] A first transmission nut, which is helically engaged with the guide screw;

[0032] A guide shaft is fixedly connected to the first transmission nut and slidably connected to the guide seat; the gripping mechanism is installed at the lower end of the guide shaft.

[0033] When the second drive structure is activated, it drives the first transmission nut to slide up and down along the guide screw via the first hexagonal transmission shaft, the first gear shaft, the first gear, and the guide screw, thereby driving the guide shaft and the gripping mechanism to move up and down.

[0034] Optionally, the guide shaft is disposed inside the guide tube of the guide seat, and the upper end of the guide shaft is slidably connected to the guide tube through an oil-free bushing.

[0035] Optionally, the gripping mechanism includes:

[0036] The third drive structure is fixedly installed on the upper part of the operating device;

[0037] The second hexagonal drive shaft is connected to the torque output end of the third drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction;

[0038] A support base, which is mounted on the guide shaft of the secondary lifting mechanism;

[0039] The second gear shaft is mounted on the support and is slidably engaged with the second hexagonal transmission shaft.

[0040] A transmission sleeve is rotatably mounted on the support and is connected to the shaft of the second gear via a second gear.

[0041] The gripper is connected to the transmission sleeve via a conversion mechanism, which converts the rotational motion of the transmission sleeve into linear motion that drives the gripper to grip or release.

[0042] Optionally, the conversion mechanism includes:

[0043] A splined shaft, wherein the splined shaft engages with the spline of the transmission sleeve, and the splined shaft moves up and down with the guide shaft;

[0044] The transfer cylinder and the connecting rod are fixedly connected to the spline shaft, and the outer side of the connecting rod and the inner side of the transfer cylinder are provided with helical threads.

[0045] Optionally, the lower sealing mechanism includes:

[0046] Drain tray;

[0047] The fourth driving structure is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shielding structure;

[0048] A first drive shaft is connected to the torque output end of the fourth drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction;

[0049] The second drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the shielding structure and is arranged in the vertical direction; the liquid receiving tray is connected to the second drive shaft.

[0050] A third transmission gear, which is connected to the first transmission shaft;

[0051] The fourth transmission gear is connected to the second transmission shaft; the fourth transmission gear meshes with the third transmission gear.

[0052] When the fourth drive structure is activated, it drives the liquid receiving tray to rotate via the first drive shaft, the third drive gear, the fourth drive gear, and the second drive shaft. The liquid receiving tray has a liquid receiving state and a avoidance state. When it is in the liquid receiving state, the liquid receiving tray is located above the bottom feed port. When it is in the avoidance state, the liquid receiving tray is not located above the bottom feed port.

[0053] Optionally, the lower sealing mechanism further includes:

[0054] Sealing cap;

[0055] A drive shaft sleeve, wherein the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the lower part of the drive shaft sleeve, and the drive shaft sleeve is slidably fitted onto the second drive shaft;

[0056] The fifth transmission gear is connected to the first transmission shaft;

[0057] The sixth transmission gear is connected to the transmission shaft sleeve, and the fifth transmission gear and the sixth transmission gear are driven by a seventh transmission gear.

[0058] A lifting drive structure is provided, which connects the shielding structure and the transmission shaft sleeve, and is used to drive the transmission shaft sleeve to move up and down along the second transmission shaft.

[0059] The sealing cap has a sealing state and an avoidance state; when in the sealing state, the sealing cap blocks the bottom material outlet; when in the avoidance state, the sealing cap is located on one side of the bottom material outlet.

[0060] Optionally, the rotating shielding mechanism includes:

[0061] A pressure cap, which is connected to the bottom of the shielding structure, and has a bottom material inlet on the pressure cap;

[0062] The fifth drive structure is mounted on the pressure cover;

[0063] The third drive shaft is connected to the torque output end of the fifth drive structure;

[0064] A sealing door is horizontally rotatably disposed inside the pressure cover, and the sealing door is provided with a channel hole corresponding to the bottom material inlet;

[0065] A shielded gear set is provided, through which the third drive shaft drives the closed door to rotate about its pivot axis;

[0066] When the fifth drive structure is activated, it drives the closed door to rotate via the third drive shaft and the shielded gear set.

[0067] A reactor top cover assembly, comprising:

[0068] Top cover;

[0069] A receiving plate is fixedly mounted on the upper cover for positioning and support of the operating device.

[0070] Bottom cover;

[0071] A ball valve is disposed between the upper cover and the lower cover, and the ball valve has a channel for the core assembly to enter and exit.

[0072] The sixth driving structure is fixed to the upper cover;

[0073] A bevel gear, which is connected to the torque output end of the sixth drive structure;

[0074] The fourth drive shaft meshes with the bevel gear and is fixedly connected to the ball valve;

[0075] When the seventh drive structure is activated, it drives the ball valve to rotate via the bevel gear and the fourth transmission shaft, thereby opening and closing the channel.

[0076] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and beneficial effects:

[0077] This invention employs a primary lifting mechanism and a secondary lifting mechanism, along with a gripping mechanism that also uses rigid transmission, to provide sufficient rigidity and active locking force. This overcomes the enormous buoyancy caused by the density inversion of liquid heavy metal coolant, ensuring reliable gripping, lowering, and lifting of the reactor core assembly while it is immersed in coolant.

[0078] This invention integrates lifting, grabbing, shielding and sealing functions into one unit, directly completing the entire process of grabbing, lifting, transferring and unloading the core assembly from the reactor core as an operating unit. This reduces the number of supporting devices required for refueling and avoids opening additional auxiliary openings on the reactor top cover, thereby improving the structural integrity, safety and economy of the reactor. Attached Figure Description

[0079] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an operating device for loading and unloading reactor core assemblies according to the present invention.

[0081] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the primary lifting mechanism according to the present invention.

[0082] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide seat according to the present invention.

[0083] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the two-stage lifting mechanism according to the present invention.

[0084] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gripping mechanism according to the present invention.

[0085] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lower sealing mechanism according to the present invention.

[0086] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shielding mechanism according to the present invention.

[0087] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reactor top cover assembly according to the present invention.

[0088] Reference numerals: 1-First-stage lifting mechanism, 11-First motor, 12-First reducer, 13-First handwheel, 14-Torque limiter, 15-Torque sensor, 16-First coupling, 17-Second coupling, 18-First connecting shaft, 19-First support, 110-First lead screw, 111-Trapezoidal nut, 112-First bearing seat, 113-Second bearing seat, 114-Guide seat, 115-Connecting plate, 116-Through pipe, 117-Guide pipe, 118-Guide rod, 2-Second-stage lifting mechanism, 21-Second motor, 22-Second reducer, 23-Second handwheel, 24-Second support, 25-First hexagonal drive shaft, 2 6-First gear shaft, 27-First gear, 28-Guide screw, 29-First transmission nut, 210-Guide shaft, 211-Third bearing housing, 212-Fourth bearing housing, 213-Fifth bearing housing, 214-Sixth bearing housing, 215-Guide positioning block, 216-Guide limiting block, 3-Gripping mechanism, 31-Third motor, 32-Third reducer, 33-Third handwheel, 34-Third support, 35-Second hexagonal transmission shaft, 36-Support, 37-Second gear shaft, 38-Second gear, 39-Transmission sleeve, 311-Splined shaft, 312-Connecting rod, 313-Transmission cylinder, 314-Pull rod, 315-Gripper, 3 16-Seventh bearing housing, 317-Eighth bearing housing, 318-Ninth bearing housing, 319-Tenth bearing housing, 320-Grip mounting cylinder, 4-Lower sealing mechanism, 41-Lifting drive structure, 42-Fifth sliding bearing, 43-Sealing flange, 44-Upper connecting seat, 45-First connecting rod, 46-Lower connecting seat, 47-Drive shaft sleeve, 48-Sealing cover, 49-Fourth motor, 410-Fourth reducer, 411-First drive shaft, 412-Third drive gear, 413-Fifth drive gear, 414-Fourth drive gear, 415-Second drive shaft, 416-Drip tray, 417-Seventh drive gear, 418-Sixth drive gear Wheel, 420-First sliding bearing, 421-Second sliding bearing, 422-Third sliding bearing, 423-Fourth sliding bearing, 5-Rotating shielding mechanism, 51-Grip cover, 52-Fifth motor, 53-Fifth reducer, 54-Third drive shaft, 55-Closed door, 56-Shielding gear set, 57-Pivot shaft, 58-First cover plate, 59-First positioning pin, 61-Upper cover, 62-Lower cover, 63-Receiving plate, 64-Ball valve, 65-Sixth motor, 66-Sixth reducer, 67-Bevel gear, 68-Fourth drive shaft, 69-Rolling bearing, 610-First fixing rod, 7-Shielding structure, 71-Upper flange, 72-Lower flange. Detailed Implementation

[0089] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0090] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0091] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0092] Example 1

[0093] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an operating device for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly, the overall structure of which is as follows:

[0094] The shielding structure 7 forms the main frame of the device, and its main function is to provide necessary radiation protection for the internal components of the device and the core assembly to be transferred.

[0095] A primary lifting mechanism 1 is disposed within the shielding structure 7 and is used to provide the first-stage lifting—a large-stroke vertical lifting.

[0096] The secondary lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the primary lifting mechanism 1. The secondary lifting mechanism 2 moves as a whole with the primary lifting mechanism 1, and the secondary lifting mechanism 2 provides a second level of lifting - a short-stroke vertical lifting. The two-stage lifting design achieves stroke superposition, thereby enabling a wide range and precise vertical positioning of the final moving part (i.e., the gripping mechanism 3).

[0097] The gripping mechanism 3 is installed on the secondary lifting mechanism 2 and is used to grip or release the core assembly; the gripping mechanism 3 can be a multi-grip clamping mechanism currently in use.

[0098] A rotating shielding mechanism 5 is connected to the bottom end of the shielding structure 7 and is provided with a bottom material port for the core assembly to pass through; the rotating shielding mechanism 5 is configured with a sealing function, and the bottom material port is opened or closed by rotation, providing reliable radiation shielding when the channel is closed.

[0099] In addition, to further enhance the radiation shielding function, a lower sealing mechanism 4 is provided. The lower sealing mechanism 4 is located at the bottom of the shielding structure 7 and is used to seal the bottom inlet. The lower sealing mechanism 4, in conjunction with the rotating shielding mechanism 5, performs a highly complete sealing action on the bottom inlet, aiming to isolate the atmosphere inside and outside the device and prevent the escape of radioactive materials or the entry of external air.

[0100] The procedure for using this operating device to remove core components from the reactor is as follows:

[0101] After completing the preparation of the relevant conditions for core assembly entry and exit from the reactor, the feed port of the top cover plug ball valve 64 assembly is moved to directly above the single core assembly to be exited via the reactor top cover plug system. The operating device is then hoisted onto the plug ball valve 64 assembly by a crane and installed and connected with the receiving interface of the plug ball valve 64 assembly. The shield plug (door opening) in the rotating shield mechanism 5 of the operating device is opened, and the sealing cover 48 (door opening) in the lower sealing mechanism 4 of the operating device is opened. The liquid receiving plate 416 in the lower sealing mechanism 4 is rotated to directly above the feed port channel. The shield ball valve 64 of the plug ball valve 64 assembly is opened. The first-stage lifting mechanism 1 in this operating device is started and performs a lowering operation until it stops moving after receiving a signal. The second-stage lifting mechanism 2 in this operating device is started and performs a lowering operation until it stops moving after reaching the designated position. The gripping mechanism 3 in this operating device is started and performs a closing gripping action, thus completing the core assembly gripping.

[0102] The core assembly is lifted into the operating device by the first-stage lifting mechanism 1 and the second-stage lifting mechanism 2 moving upward. After the core assembly cools down for a period of time, the shielding ball valve 64 of the rotary ball valve 64 assembly is closed, the sealing cover 48 in the lower sealing mechanism 4 of the operating device is closed, and the shielding plug in the rotating shielding mechanism 5 of the operating device is closed. This completes the lifting of the core assembly out of the reactor.

[0103] The crane lifts the operating device to the core receiving device, and through similar actions as described above, lowers the core assembly. The grabbing mechanism 3 then releases the core assembly into the receiving cylinder and retrieves the relevant moving mechanisms of the operating device, thus completing the transfer and release of the core assembly. This process is repeated until all core assemblies are removed from the reactor.

[0104] The process of loading core assemblies into the reactor using this operating device is the reverse process of unloading them from the reactor.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 This embodiment describes the primary lifting mechanism 1.

[0107] First, a brief introduction to the shielding structure 7: The shielding structure 7 includes a shielding cylinder, an upper flange 71, and a lower flange 72. The upper flange 71 and the lower flange 72 are respectively located at both ends of the shielding cylinder. The rotating shielding mechanism 5 is connected to the lower flange 72, and the lower sealing structure is located at the bottom of the shielding cylinder. The upper flange 71 is used to install and support the various driving and lifting mechanisms, which will be described in detail later, while the lower flange 72 serves as the bottom mounting base for connecting the rotating shielding mechanism 5.

[0108] The first-stage lifting mechanism 1 will be described in detail below, specifically including the following structure:

[0109] The first drive structure is installed on the upper end of the shielding structure 7. The first drive structure is a combination of a first motor 11 and a first reducer 12. The speed and torque output by the motor can be adjusted through the reducer.

[0110] The first lead screw is connected to the torque output end of the first drive structure, and the first lead screw is arranged in the vertical direction.

[0111] The trapezoidal nut 111 is fitted onto the first lead screw and is threadedly engaged with it. The trapezoidal nut 111 fitted onto the first lead screw forms a threaded lead screw structure, which can convert rotational motion into linear motion.

[0112] The motion is as follows: the first drive structure is activated, causing the first lead screw to rotate. Since the trapezoidal nut 111 is constrained by the guide seat 114 (see below for details), it cannot rotate with the lead screw. Therefore, the rotational force of the lead screw forces the trapezoidal nut 111 to move up and down along the axis of the lead screw (i.e., the vertical direction). As the trapezoidal nut 111 moves, the guide seat 114 fixed to it achieves overall up and down movement.

[0113] Guide seat 114, the guide seat 114 is connected to the trapezoidal thread nut 111;

[0114] Guide rod 118, which is arranged parallel to the first lead screw;

[0115] The first drive structure drives the first lead screw to rotate, and the first lead screw drives the guide seat 114 to move up and down through the trapezoidal nut 111.

[0116] The guide seat 114 is a key motion platform, and the secondary lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the guide seat 114. The guide seat 114 includes:

[0117] Connecting plate 115, which is connected to the trapezoidal thread nut 111;

[0118] Guide tube 117, the guide tube 117 is connected to the connecting plate 115, and the secondary lifting mechanism 2 is installed in the guide tube 117;

[0119] The guide rod 118 passes through the through pipe 116 and is slidably connected to the through pipe 116 and the guide rod 118 by an oil-free bushing.

[0120] To prevent the guide seat 114 from rotating during lifting, the guide rod 118 is arranged parallel to the first lead screw and passes through the through pipe 116. The connection between the guide rod 118 and the through pipe 116 is a sliding connection. To ensure smooth and maintenance-free operation under harsh conditions such as high temperature, strong radiation, or the need for cleanliness, this sliding connection is preferably achieved through an oil-free bushing. An oil-free bushing is a self-lubricating bearing that does not require the addition of lubricating oil and achieves low-friction sliding based on its material properties.

[0121] The first-stage lifting mechanism 1 disclosed in this embodiment works by using a synchronous transmission scheme of dual reducers, dual lead screws, and dual guide rods 118 driven by a single motor to achieve high rigidity and high stability vertical linear motion.

[0122] Exercise methods:

[0123] The first motor 11 starts, and the motor output shaft transmits motion to the two first reducers 12 through the coupling and connecting shaft. The output shaft of the first reducer 12 drives the first lead screw 110 to rotate. The rotation of the first lead screw 110 drives the trapezoidal nut 111 to move up and down. The up and down movement of the trapezoidal nut 111 realizes the up and down movement of the guide seat 114.

[0124] The output shaft of the first motor 11 is connected to the torque sensor 15 via the second coupling 17. A torque limiter 14 is mounted on the output shaft of the first motor 11. The first motor 11 and the torque sensor 15 are mounted on the first support 19. The torque sensor 15 is connected to one of the first reducers 12 via the first coupling 16. The other first reducer 12 is connected to the first reducer 12 via the first connecting shaft 18. A first handwheel 13 is mounted on the other side of one of the first reducers 12. The output shafts of the two first reducers 12 are connected to two first lead screws 110. The connection between the first lead screw 110 and the first reducer 12 is fixed by a first bearing seat 112. The lower end of the first lead screw 110 is connected to the lower flange 72 via a second bearing seat 113.

[0125] The guide seat 114 is constructed by welding steel plates and steel pipes. The two openings of the connecting plate 115 of the guide seat 114 are connected to two first lead screws 110 through two trapezoidal nuts 111. The through pipe 116 is connected to two guide rods 118 through four oil-free bushings. The guide tube 117 of the guide seat 114 has a first guide shaft 210 sleeve and a second guide shaft 210 sleeve installed vertically inside.

[0126] Special functions of some components:

[0127] Torque limiter 14: When the output torque is overloaded, the internal mechanical structure disengages, the structure jumps, and the proximity switch is triggered to issue an overload alarm.

[0128] Torque sensor 15: It adopts a dynamic sensor and can monitor the dynamic torque value of the first-stage lifting mechanism 1 in real time. It can be monitored by the control system and will issue an alarm when the torque is too high or too low during operation.

[0129] First handwheel 13: In the event of a power outage, it can be manually operated to raise and lower the first-level lifting mechanism 1.

[0130] Guide rod 118 and through pipe 116: provide guidance for the lifting of the first-stage lifting mechanism 1.

[0131] Guide seat 114: Internally installed with a two-stage lifting mechanism 2, which serves as a base for support.

[0132] Example 3

[0133] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the two-stage lifting structure. The drive source (second drive structure) of the two-stage lifting mechanism 2 is fixed to the upper part of the operating device, while its actuators (such as guide screw 28, guide shaft 210, etc.) are mounted on the motion platform (guide seat 114) of the first-stage lifting mechanism 1. The two-stage lifting mechanism 2 includes:

[0134] A second drive structure is mounted on the upper part of the operating device; the second drive structure consists of a second motor 21 and a second reducer 22.

[0135] The first hexagonal drive shaft 25 is connected to the torque output end of the second drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction; the function of the hexagonal drive shaft is similar to a long-distance sliding spline.

[0136] The first gear shaft 26 is mounted on the guide seat 114 of the first-stage lifting mechanism 1, and the first gear shaft 26 is slidably engaged with the first hexagonal transmission shaft 25. The inner hole of the first gear shaft 26 is engaged with the first hexagonal transmission shaft 25 to form a sliding engagement. When the first-stage lifting mechanism 1 drives the guide seat 114 to move up and down, the first gear shaft 26 will slide up and down along the first hexagonal transmission shaft 25. However, no matter what vertical position the guide seat 114 is in, as long as the first hexagonal transmission shaft 25 rotates, the first gear shaft 26 will be synchronously driven to rotate.

[0137] The guide screw 28 is rotatably mounted on the guide seat 114 and is connected to the first gear shaft 26 via the first gear 27. The guide screw 28 is connected to the first gear shaft 26 via the first gear 27, and the rotation of the first gear shaft 26 is synchronously transmitted to the guide screw 28.

[0138] The first transmission nut 29 is helically engaged with the guide screw 28;

[0139] A guide shaft 210 is fixedly connected to the first transmission nut 29, and the guide shaft 210 is slidably connected to the guide seat 114; the gripping mechanism 3 is installed at the lower end of the guide shaft 210.

[0140] When the second drive structure is activated, it drives the first transmission nut 29 to slide up and down along the guide screw 28 via the first hexagonal transmission shaft 25, the first gear shaft 26, the first gear 27 and the guide screw 28, thereby driving the guide shaft 210 and the gripping mechanism 3 to move up and down.

[0141] To ensure the stability of the guide shaft 210 during the lifting process, the guide shaft 210 is disposed inside the guide tube 117 of the guide seat 114, and the upper end of the guide shaft 210 is slidably connected to the guide tube 117 through an oil-free bushing.

[0142] Exercise methods:

[0143] The second motor 21 starts, and the output shaft of the motor transmits the rotational motion to the first hexagonal transmission shaft 25 through the second reducer 22. The first hexagonal transmission shaft 25 drives the first gear shaft 26 to rotate, the first gear shaft 26 drives the first gear 27 to rotate, the first gear 27 drives the guide screw 28 to rotate, and the guide screw 28 drives the first transmission nut 29 to move up and down, thereby driving the guide shaft 210, the guide positioning block 215, the guide limit block 216, and the gripping mechanism 3 to move up and down.

[0144] Installation method:

[0145] The output shaft of the second motor 21 is connected to the second reducer 22. The second reducer 22 is connected to the second handwheel 23 and the second support 24, and is fixed on the upper flange 71. The first hexagonal transmission shaft 25 is connected to the output shaft of the second reducer 22 and is mounted on the upper flange 71 and the lower flange 72 via the third bearing seat 211 and the fourth bearing seat 212. The first gear shaft 26 is mounted on the guide seat 114 via the fifth bearing seat 213. The inner side of the first gear shaft 26 meshes with the first hexagonal transmission shaft 25, and the outer end of the first gear shaft 26 meshes with the first gear 27. The first gear 27 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide screw 28. The upper section of the guide screw 28 is mounted on the guide seat 114 via the sixth bearing seat 214. The lower end of the guide screw 28 is connected to the guide positioning block 215, and the middle section of the guide screw 28 forms a helical engagement with the first transmission nut 29. The first transmission nut 29 is fixedly connected to the guide shaft 210. The lower end of the guide shaft 210 is connected to the first guide limit block 216. Two oil-free bushings are provided on the outer side of the upper section of the guide shaft 210.

[0146] The secondary lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the guide seat 114 of the primary lifting mechanism 1, and the internal secondary lifting mechanism 2 is equipped with a gripping mechanism 3.

[0147] Special functions of some components:

[0148] Second handwheel 23: In the event of a power outage, it can be manually operated to raise and lower the secondary lifting mechanism 2.

[0149] First hexagonal transmission shaft 25: When the guide seat 114 of the first-stage lifting mechanism 1 moves up and down, it provides up and down movement guidance for the first gear shaft 26, and at the same time transmits rotational motion to the first gear 27.

[0150] Guide positioning block 215: restricts and maintains the up-and-down movement of guide shaft 210.

[0151] Guide limit block 216: provides a limit for the lifting mechanism.

[0152] Example 4

[0153] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the gripping mechanism 3, which includes:

[0154] The third drive structure is fixedly installed on the upper part of the operating device (such as the upper flange 71); the third drive structure includes a third motor 31 and a third reducer 32.

[0155] The second hexagonal drive shaft 35 is connected to the torque output end of the third drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction. The function of the second hexagonal drive shaft 35 is the same as that of the first hexagonal drive shaft 25 in Embodiment 3, which is to serve as a "sliding bridge" for power transmission.

[0156] The support seat 36 is mounted on the guide shaft 210 of the secondary lifting mechanism 2; the support seat 36 will move up and down together with the secondary lifting mechanism 2.

[0157] The second gear shaft 37 is mounted on the support 36 and is slidably engaged with the second hexagonal transmission shaft 35. When the secondary lifting mechanism 2 drives the guide shaft 210 (and the support 36 and the second gear shaft 37) to move up and down, the second gear shaft 37 will slide along the second hexagonal transmission shaft 35. However, no matter what vertical position it is in, as long as the second hexagonal transmission shaft 35 rotates, the second gear shaft 37 will be synchronously driven to rotate.

[0158] The transmission sleeve 39 is rotatably mounted on the support 36 and is connected to the second gear shaft 37 via the second gear 38.

[0159] The gripper 315 (i.e., the mechanical claw that performs the gripping action) is connected to the transmission sleeve 39 via a conversion mechanism. The conversion mechanism is used to convert the rotational motion of the transmission sleeve 39 into linear motion that drives the gripper 315 to grip or release. A conventional multi-grip gripper 315 can be used at this stage.

[0160] This embodiment discloses a specific implementation of a conversion mechanism, the conversion mechanism comprising:

[0161] Splined shaft 311 engages with the splines of transmission sleeve 39, and rises and falls with guide shaft 210; rotation of transmission sleeve 39 is transmitted to splined shaft 311 without relative rotation. Simultaneously, splined shaft 311 also rises and falls together with guide shaft 210.

[0162] The transfer cylinder 313 and the connecting rod 312 are fixedly connected to the splined shaft 311. The outer surface of the connecting rod 312 and the inner surface of the transfer cylinder 313 are provided with helical threads. When the connecting rod 312 (like a bolt) rotates under the drive of the splined shaft 311, if the transfer cylinder 313 (like a nut) is restricted from rotation (e.g., through a guide groove), the transfer cylinder 313 will be forced to move up and down along the axial direction of the connecting rod 312. This vertical linear motion can be used to drive the pull rod 314 of the gripper 315, realizing the opening and closing of the gripper.

[0163] Motion method: The third motor 31 starts, and the output shaft of the motor transmits the rotational motion to the second hexagonal transmission shaft 35 through the third reducer 32. The second hexagonal transmission shaft 35 drives the second gear shaft 37 to rotate, the second gear shaft 37 drives the second gear 38 to rotate, the second gear 38 drives the transmission sleeve 39 to rotate, the transmission sleeve 39 drives the spline shaft 311 to rotate, the spline shaft 311 drives the transmission cylinder 313 to move up and down through the connecting rod 312, and the up and down movement of the transmission cylinder 313 drives the pull rod 314 to move up and down, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the gripper 315.

[0164] Installation method:

[0165] The output shaft of the third motor 31 is connected to the third reducer 32. The third reducer 32 is connected to the third handwheel 33 and the third support 34, and is fixed on the upper flange 71. The second hexagonal transmission shaft 35 is connected to the output shaft of the third reducer 32 and is mounted on the upper flange 71 and the lower flange 72 via the seventh bearing seat 316 and the eighth bearing seat 317. The second gear shaft 37 is mounted on the support seat 36 via the ninth bearing seat 318. The inner side of the second gear shaft 37 meshes with the second hexagonal transmission shaft 35, and the outer end of the second gear shaft 37 meshes with the second gear 38. The second gear 38 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the transmission sleeve 39. The upper section of the transmission sleeve 39 is mounted on the support seat 36 via the tenth bearing seat 319, and the lower section of the transmission sleeve 39 meshes with the spline shaft 311 via a key. The support seat 36 is mounted on the guide seat 114. The lower section of the spline shaft 311 is connected to the connecting rod 312, and the connecting rod 312 meshes with the transmission cylinder 313 via a helical engagement. The transfer cylinder 313 is connected to the gripper 315 via the pull rod 314. The gripper 315 is fixed on the gripper mounting cylinder 320, which is fixed on the first guide limit block 216 of the secondary lifting mechanism 2.

[0166] Special functions of some components:

[0167] Third handwheel 33: In the event of a power outage, it can be manually operated to operate the gripping mechanism 3.

[0168] Second hexagonal transmission shaft 35: When the guide seat 114 of the first-stage lifting mechanism 1 moves up and down, it provides up and down movement guidance for the second gear shaft 37, and at the same time transmits rotational motion to the second gear 38.

[0169] Transmission sleeve 39: It is constructed by welding and has a spline groove at the lower end, which forms a key engagement with the spline shaft 311.

[0170] Grabber 315: Under the up-and-down movement of lever 314, multiple sets of hooks are opened and closed simultaneously through the mechanism to grab or release the core assembly.

[0171] Example 5

[0172] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the lower sealing mechanism 4.

[0173] Firstly, a liquid receiving device is provided, which functions to manage the liquid heavy metal coolant dripping from the core assembly and to provide space for opening and closing the bottom feed port.

[0174] The lower sealing mechanism 4 includes:

[0175] Drip tray 416; a component used to catch and guide dripping liquid.

[0176] The fourth drive structure is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shielding structure 7; it provides a power source for the movement of the liquid receiving tray 416, and includes a fifth motor 52 and a fifth reducer 53.

[0177] A first drive shaft 411 is connected to the torque output end of the fourth drive structure and is arranged in a vertical direction; it is used to transmit initial power.

[0178] The second drive shaft 415 is rotatably mounted on the shielding structure 7 and is arranged in a vertical direction. The liquid receiving tray 416 is connected to the second drive shaft 415. The liquid receiving tray 416 is finally fixedly connected to the second drive shaft 415 and rotates with it.

[0179] The third transmission gear 412 is connected to the first transmission shaft 411;

[0180] The fourth transmission gear 414 is connected to the second transmission shaft 415; the fourth transmission gear 414 meshes with the third transmission gear 412.

[0181] When the fourth drive structure is activated, it drives the liquid receiving tray 416 to rotate via the first drive shaft 411, the third drive gear 412, the fourth drive gear 414, and the second drive shaft 415. The liquid receiving tray 416 has a liquid receiving state and a avoidance state. When it is in the liquid receiving state, the liquid receiving tray 416 is located above the bottom feed port. When it is in the avoidance state, the liquid receiving tray 416 is not located above the bottom feed port.

[0182] Liquid receiving state: When the core assembly is raised into the unit (i.e., before the bottom feed port is closed), the liquid receiving tray 416 rotates to be directly above the bottom feed port. In this state, it can catch coolant dripping from the assembly, preventing it from contaminating other areas of the equipment.

[0183] Avoidance mode: When it is necessary to open the bottom material port to allow the gripping mechanism 3 to descend or the core assembly to pass through, the liquid receiving tray 416 will rotate away from the material port channel and move to a position not above the bottom material port to make room for the lifting and lowering of the assembly.

[0184] Secondly, an auxiliary sealing device is provided to further seal the entire device.

[0185] The lower sealing mechanism 4 also includes:

[0186] Sealing cap 48; Sealing cap 48 needs to achieve two distinct movements: rotational movement (horizontal plane) – used to rotate sealing cap 48 from directly above the feed port (sealed state) to one side of the feed port (avoidance state). Lifting movement (vertical direction) – used to “press” sealing cap 48 to achieve a seal when it is directly above the feed port, or to “release” it to detach it from the sealing surface before rotation.

[0187] The transmission shaft sleeve 47 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the sealing cover 48. The transmission shaft sleeve 47 is slidably fitted on the second transmission shaft 415. The transmission shaft sleeve 47 can slide freely up and down along the second transmission shaft 415 (to achieve lifting and lowering), and can also be driven to rotate by the shaft (or through other gears).

[0188] The fifth transmission gear 413 is connected to the first transmission shaft 411;

[0189] The sixth transmission gear 418 is connected to the transmission shaft sleeve 47, and the fifth transmission gear 413 and the sixth transmission gear 418 are driven by the seventh transmission gear 417.

[0190] Transmission chain: Fourth drive structure -> First drive shaft 411 -> Fifth gear -> Seventh gear -> Sixth gear -> Drive shaft sleeve 47 -> Sealing cover 48.

[0191] The lifting drive structure 41 connects the shielding structure 7 and the transmission shaft sleeve 47, and is used to drive the transmission shaft sleeve 47 to move up and down along the second transmission shaft 415; for example, a motor and a lifting platform. The lifting platform can adopt the currently common threaded screw structure or other structures.

[0192] The sealing cover 48 has a sealing state and an avoidance state; when it is in the sealing state, the sealing cover 48 blocks the bottom material port; when it is in the avoidance state, the sealing cover 48 is located on one side of the bottom material port.

[0193] Sealing state: At this time, the sealing cover 48 is rotated to the top of the material port and "pressed" by the lifting mechanism, thereby sealing the bottom material port.

[0194] Avoidance state: At this time, after the sealing cover 48 is "released" by the lifting mechanism, it rotates to one side of the bottom material port to make way for the passage of the component or gripper 315.

[0195] Movement mode: (1) The sealing cover 48 moves up and down: The lifting drive structure 41 starts, and the motor output shaft transmits the rotational motion to the lifting machine through the reducer. The lifting machine converts the rotational motion into linear motion, which drives the upper connecting seat 44, the first connecting rod 45, the lower connecting seat 46, and the transmission shaft sleeve 47 to move up and down. The up and down movement of the transmission shaft sleeve 47 drives the sealing cover 48 to move up and down.

[0196] (2) Rotation of sealing cover 48 and liquid receiving tray 416: The fourth drive structure is activated, and the motor output shaft transmits the rotational motion to the third transmission gear 412 and the fifth transmission gear 413 through the fourth reducer 410. Among them, the third transmission gear 412 drives the fourth transmission gear 414 to rotate, the fourth transmission gear 414 drives the second transmission shaft 415 to rotate, and the second transmission shaft 415 drives the liquid receiving tray 416 to rotate; the fifth transmission gear 413 drives the seventh transmission gear 417 to rotate, the seventh transmission gear 417 drives the sixth transmission gear 418 to rotate, the sixth transmission gear 418 drives the transmission shaft sleeve 47 to rotate, and the transmission shaft sleeve 47 drives the sealing cover 48 to rotate; through this transmission structure, the liquid receiving tray 416 and the sealing cover 48 achieve synchronous reverse rotation, and rotate out from or to the top of the bottom material port of this operating device.

[0197] Installation method:

[0198] The output shaft of the lifting drive structure 41 is connected to the lifting platform, which is mounted on the fixed structure of this operating device. The lower end of the lifting platform is connected to the upper connecting seat 44, which is connected to multiple first connecting rods 45. The lower ends of the first connecting rods 45 are connected to the lower connecting seat 46, and the lower part of the lower connecting seat 46 is connected to the transmission shaft sleeve 47 by threads. The upper section of the transmission shaft sleeve 47 is machined with a spline groove and forms a key connection with the inside of the sixth transmission gear 418. The second transmission shaft 415 is installed inside the transmission shaft sleeve 47, and the lower part of the transmission shaft sleeve 47 is connected to the sealing cover 48 by a flat key.

[0199] The output shaft of the fourth drive structure is connected to the fourth reducer 410, which is mounted on the fixed structure of this operating device. The output shaft of the fourth reducer 410 is connected to the first drive shaft 411, which is connected to the third drive gear 412 and the fifth drive gear 413 via a key. The upper and lower ends of the first drive shaft 411 are mounted on the fixed structure of this operating device via a first sliding bearing 420 and a second sliding bearing 421. The third drive gear 412 meshes with the fourth drive gear 414, which is connected to the second drive shaft 415 via a key. The upper and lower ends of the second drive shaft 415 are mounted on the fixed structure of this operating device via a third sliding bearing 422 and a fourth sliding bearing 423. The lower section of the second drive shaft 415 is connected to the liquid receiving tray 416 via a key. The fifth transmission gear 413 meshes with the upper half of the seventh transmission gear 417. The seventh transmission gear 417 is connected to the third transmission shaft 54 ​​via a key. The third transmission shaft 54 ​​is mounted on the fixed structure of this operating device via the fifth sliding bearing 42. The lower half of the seventh transmission gear 417 meshes with the sixth transmission gear 418. The interior of the sixth transmission gear 418 meshes with the spline groove of the upper section of the transmission shaft sleeve 47. The sealing flange 43 of the middle section of the transmission shaft sleeve 47 is mounted on the fixed structure of this operating device. The lower section of the transmission shaft sleeve 47 is connected to the sealing cover 48 via a key. The lower section of the transmission shaft sleeve 47 has a sealing groove containing a sealing ring.

[0200] Special functions of some components:

[0201] Sealing flange 43: It has a sealing groove inside and a sealing ring inside the sealing groove. Its function is to isolate the exchange of gases between the inside and outside of this operating device.

[0202] Liquid receiving tray 416: guides liquids that drip from the reactor core assembly.

[0203] Sealing cover 48: Seals the bottom material inlet of this operating device.

[0204] Example 6

[0205] like Figure 7 As shown in the illustration, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the structure of the rotating shielding mechanism 5. Its function is to allow the assembly to pass through when the bottom feed port (i.e., the channel for the core assembly to enter and exit) is open, and to provide reliable radiation shielding when closed. The rotating shielding mechanism 5 includes:

[0206] A pressure cap 51 is connected to the bottom of the shielding structure 7, and a bottom feed port is provided on the pressure cap 51 (for example, connected to the lower flange 72).

[0207] The fifth drive structure is mounted on the pressure cover 51 and includes a fifth motor 52 and a fifth reducer 53.

[0208] The third drive shaft 54 ​​is connected to the torque output end of the fifth drive structure.

[0209] A sealing door 55 is horizontally rotatably disposed inside the pressure cover 51, and the sealing door 55 is provided with a channel hole corresponding to the bottom material opening;

[0210] The shielded gear set 56, through which the third drive shaft 54 ​​drives the closed door 55 to rotate about its pivot axis 57;

[0211] When the fifth drive structure is activated, it drives the closed door 55 to rotate via the third drive shaft 54 ​​and the shielded gear set 56.

[0212] Open state (channel alignment): When the closed door 55 rotates to a predetermined position, its channel hole is fully aligned with the bottom material port on the pressure cap 51. At this time, a through physical channel is formed, allowing the gripping mechanism 3 or the core assembly to pass through.

[0213] Closed State (Shielding Alignment): When the closed door 55 is rotated to another predetermined position (e.g., 90 degrees or 180 degrees), the channel opening of the closed door 55 moves away from the feed inlet position, while the solid part of the closed door 55 (made of high-density shielding material) completely covers the bottom feed inlet. At this time, the channel is reliably shielded, preventing radiation from escaping.

[0214] Movement method: The fifth drive structure is started, and the motor output shaft transmits the rotational motion to the third transmission shaft 54 ​​through the fifth reducer 53. The third transmission shaft 54 ​​drives the first shielding gear to rotate, and the first shielding gear drives the second shielding gear to rotate (the first shielding gear and the second shielding gear together form a shielding gear group 56). The second shielding gear drives the closed door 55 to rotate around the pivot shaft 57, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the closed door 55 to the bottom material port.

[0215] Installation method: The output shaft of the fifth drive structure is connected to the fifth reducer 53, and the output shaft of the fifth reducer 53 is connected to the third drive shaft 54. The fifth reducer 53 is fixed to the fixed structure of this operating device. The third drive shaft 54 ​​is fixed between the pressure cover 51 and the cover plate via a bearing seat. The third drive shaft 54 ​​is connected to the first shielding gear via a flat key, and the first shielding gear meshes with the second shielding gear. The second shielding gear is a gear arc of approximately 120° and is fixedly connected to the sealing door 55 via a thread. The pivot shaft 57 is fixed between the pressure cover 51 and the cover plate via a bearing seat and serves as the rotation center of the sealing door 55. Three positioning pins are fixedly installed on the pressure cover 51 for positioning with the reactor top cover plug.

[0216] Example 7

[0217] This embodiment provides a reactor top cover assembly, which is an interface that is independent of the operating device and installed on the reactor top cover. Its function is to provide positioning, installation and support for the operating device, and to provide a channel for access from the reactor top to the core assembly.

[0218] like Figure 8 As shown, a reactor top cover assembly includes:

[0219] Top cover 61 and bottom cover 62;

[0220] The receiving plate 63 is fixedly installed on the upper cover 61. The structure of the receiving plate 63 (e.g., positioning pin hole) cooperates with the operating device (e.g., positioning pin in embodiment six) for precise positioning and vertical support of the operating device.

[0221] Ball valve 64, which is disposed between the upper cover 61 and the lower cover 62, and has a channel for the core assembly to enter and exit;

[0222] The sixth driving structure is fixed to the upper cover 61;

[0223] Bevel gear 67, which is connected to the torque output end of the sixth drive structure;

[0224] The fourth drive shaft 68 meshes with the bevel gear 67 and is fixedly connected to the ball valve 64;

[0225] When the seventh drive structure is activated, it drives the ball valve 64 to rotate via the bevel gear 67 and the fourth transmission shaft 68, thereby opening and closing the channel.

[0226] The rotary motion gives the ball valve 64 two distinct functional states:

[0227] Open State (Channel Alignment): When ball valve 64 is rotated to a predetermined angle, its channel aligns with the channel of the reactor top cover (i.e., the vertical path of the core assembly). At this time, the channel is open, allowing the gripper 315 of the operating device to be lowered or the core assembly to be raised.

[0228] Closed state (channel misalignment): When the ball valve 64 is rotated to another predetermined angle (e.g., 90 degrees), its channel is misaligned with the vertical path, and the solid part of the ball valve 64 lies across the channel, thereby opening and closing the top material inlet (i.e., the channel).

[0229] Exercise methods:

[0230] When the sixth drive structure is activated, the motor output shaft transmits the rotational motion to the bevel gear 67 through the sixth reducer 66. The bevel gear 67 drives the fourth transmission shaft 68 to rotate, and the fourth transmission shaft 68 drives the ball valve 64 to rotate, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the top material port (i.e., the channel).

[0231] Installation method:

[0232] The sixth drive structure is fixed to the upper cover 61, and its output shaft is connected to the bevel gear 67. The bevel gear 67 is connected to the upper cover 61 via a rolling bearing 69, and meshes with the fourth drive shaft 68. The fourth drive shaft 68 is fixedly connected to the ball valve 64, and is mounted between the upper cover 61 and the lower cover 62 via a thirteenth bearing housing. The other end of the ball valve 64 is supported by a fixing rod, and sealing rings are provided at the top and bottom. A rolling bearing 69 is installed between the fixing rod and the ball valve 64.

[0233] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment / mode," "some embodiments / modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment / mode or example is included in at least one embodiment / mode or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / mode or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments / modes or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments / modes or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments / modes or examples.

[0234] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0235] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above invention, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An operating device for loading and unloading core assemblies into and out of a reactor, characterized in that, include: Shielding structure (7); A first-stage lifting mechanism (1) is provided inside the shielding structure (7) to provide first-stage lifting; A secondary lifting mechanism (2) is installed on the primary lifting mechanism (1) to provide a second-level lifting; The gripping mechanism (3) is installed on the secondary lifting mechanism (2) and is used to grip or release the core assembly; A rotating shielding mechanism (5) is connected to the bottom end of the shielding structure (7) and is provided with a bottom feed port for the core assembly to pass through.

2. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding structure (7) includes a shielding cylinder, an upper flange (71) and a lower flange (72). The upper flange (71) and the lower flange (72) are respectively disposed at both ends of the shielding cylinder. The rotating shielding mechanism (5) is connected to the lower flange (72). The lower sealing structure is disposed at the bottom of the shielding cylinder.

3. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary lifting mechanism (1) includes: A first driving structure is installed on the upper end of the shielding structure (7); The first lead screw is connected to the torque output end of the first drive structure, and the first lead screw is arranged in the vertical direction. A trapezoidal nut (111) is fitted onto the first lead screw and is threaded into the first lead screw. Guide seat (114), the guide seat (114) is connected to the trapezoidal tooth nut (111), and the secondary lifting mechanism (2) is installed on the guide seat (114); The first drive structure drives the first lead screw to rotate, and the first lead screw drives the guide seat (114) to move up and down through the trapezoidal nut (111).

4. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide seat (114) includes: A connecting plate (115) is connected to the trapezoidal thread nut (111); The guide tube (117) is connected to the connecting plate (115), and the secondary lifting mechanism (2) is installed inside the guide tube (117).

5. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first-stage lifting mechanism (1) further includes a guide rod (118), which is arranged parallel to the first lead screw; The guide seat (114) also includes a through pipe (116), the guide rod (118) passes through the through pipe (116), and the through pipe (116) and the guide rod (118) are slidably connected by an oil-free bushing.

6. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary lifting mechanism (2) includes: A second drive structure is mounted on the upper part of the operating device; The first hexagonal drive shaft (25) is connected to the torque output end of the second drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction; The first gear shaft (26) is mounted on the guide seat (114) of the first-stage lifting mechanism (1), and the first gear shaft (26) is slidably engaged with the first hexagonal transmission shaft (25); Guide screw (28), which is rotatably mounted on the guide seat (114) and is connected to the first gear shaft (26) via the first gear (27); The first transmission nut (29) is helically engaged with the guide screw (28); A guide shaft (210) is fixedly connected to the first transmission nut (29), and the guide shaft (210) is slidably connected to the guide seat (114) in the upper and lower parts; the gripping mechanism (3) is installed at the lower end of the guide shaft (210); When the second drive structure is activated, it drives the first transmission nut (29) to slide up and down along the guide screw (28) via the first hexagonal transmission shaft (25), the first gear shaft (26), the first gear (27) and the guide screw (28), thereby driving the guide shaft (210) and the gripping mechanism (3) to move up and down.

7. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide shaft (210) is disposed inside the guide tube (117) of the guide seat (114), and the upper end of the guide shaft (210) is slidably connected to the guide tube (117) through an oil-free bushing.

8. The operating apparatus for loading and unloading core assemblies into and out of a reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grasping mechanism (3) includes: The third drive structure is fixedly installed on the upper part of the operating device; The second hexagonal drive shaft (35) is connected to the torque output end of the third drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction; Support seat (36), the support seat (36) is mounted on the guide shaft (210) of the secondary lifting mechanism (2); The second gear shaft (37) is mounted on the support (36) and is slidably engaged with the second hexagonal transmission shaft (35); A transmission sleeve (39) is rotatably mounted on the support (36) and is connected to the second gear shaft (37) via the second gear (38); The gripper (315) is connected to the transmission sleeve (39) via a conversion mechanism. The conversion mechanism is used to convert the rotational motion of the transmission sleeve (39) into linear motion that drives the gripper (315) to grip or release.

9. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The conversion mechanism includes: Spline shaft (311), the spline shaft (311) engages with the spline of the transmission sleeve (39), and the spline shaft (311) moves up and down with the guide shaft (210); The transfer cylinder (313) and the connecting rod (312) are fixedly connected to the spline shaft (311). The outer side of the connecting rod (312) and the inner side of the transfer cylinder (313) are provided with helical threads.

10. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shielding mechanism (5) includes: A pressure cap (51) is connected to the bottom of the shielding structure (7), and a bottom feed port is provided on the pressure cap (51); The fifth drive structure is mounted on the cover (51); The third drive shaft (54) is connected to the torque output end of the fifth drive structure; A closed door (55) is horizontally rotatably disposed inside the pressure cover (51), and the closed door (55) is provided with a channel hole corresponding to the bottom material opening; The shielded gear set (56) drives the closed door (55) to rotate about its pivot axis (57) via the third drive shaft (54). When the fifth drive structure is activated, it drives the closed door (55) to rotate via the third drive shaft (54) and the shielded gear set (56).

11. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lower sealing mechanism (4), which is disposed at the bottom of the shielding structure (7) and is used to seal the bottom material port.

12. The operating apparatus for entering and exiting a reactor core assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The lower sealing mechanism (4) includes: Liquid receiving tray (416); The fourth driving structure is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shielding structure (7); The first drive shaft (411) is connected to the torque output end of the fourth drive structure and is arranged in the vertical direction; The second drive shaft (415) is rotatably mounted on the shielding structure (7) and is arranged in the vertical direction. The liquid receiving tray (416) is connected to the second drive shaft (415). The third transmission gear (412) is connected to the first transmission shaft (411); A fourth transmission gear (414) is connected to the second transmission shaft (415); the fourth transmission gear (414) meshes with the third transmission gear (412); When the fourth drive structure is activated, it drives the liquid receiving tray (416) to rotate via the first drive shaft (411), the third drive gear (412), the fourth drive gear (414), and the second drive shaft (415). The liquid receiving tray (416) has a liquid receiving state and a clearance state. When it is in the liquid receiving state, the liquid receiving tray (416) is located above the bottom feed port. When it is in the clearance state, the liquid receiving tray (416) is not located above the bottom feed port.

13. The operating apparatus for loading and unloading core assemblies into and out of a reactor according to claim 12, characterized in that, The lower sealing mechanism (4) further includes: Sealing cap (48); A drive shaft sleeve (47) is provided, and the sealing cover (48) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the drive shaft sleeve (47). The drive shaft sleeve (47) is slidably fitted on the second drive shaft (415). The fifth transmission gear (413) is connected to the first transmission shaft (411); The sixth transmission gear (418) is connected to the transmission shaft sleeve (47), and the fifth transmission gear (413) and the sixth transmission gear (418) are driven by the seventh transmission gear (417). A lifting drive structure (41) is provided, which connects the shielding structure (7) and the transmission shaft sleeve (47) and is used to drive the transmission shaft sleeve (47) to move up and down along the second transmission shaft (415). The sealing cap (48) has a sealing state and an avoidance state; when it is in the sealing state, the sealing cap (48) blocks the bottom material port; when it is in the avoidance state, the sealing cap (48) is located on one side of the bottom material port.

14. A reactor top cover assembly, characterized in that, include: Top cover (61); A receiving plate (63) is fixedly installed on the upper cover (61) for positioning and supporting the operating device; Lower cover (62); A ball valve (64) is disposed between the upper cover (61) and the lower cover (62), and the ball valve (64) has a channel for the core assembly to enter and exit. A sixth driving structure, which is fixed to the upper cover (61); A bevel gear (67) is connected to the torque output end of the sixth drive structure; The fourth drive shaft (68) meshes with the bevel gear (67) and is fixedly connected to the ball valve (64); When the seventh drive structure is activated, it drives the ball valve (64) to rotate via the bevel gear (67) and the fourth transmission shaft (68), thereby opening and closing the channel.

Images