A novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal

Abstract

This application discloses a novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal, belonging to the field of surge arrester disconnectors. It includes a connecting guide plate, a dual electromagnet drive limit assembly, a clamping assembly, and a connecting rod. The control module drives the device according to a sequence of "first unlocking the safety electromagnet, then triggering the electromagnet." After the connecting rod disconnects, the pressure plate quickly rebounds under the combined action of a torsion spring and gravity, thus disconnecting the grounding copper wire. Through dual electromagnet interlocking and a time-delay protection algorithm, false triggering is prevented while achieving millisecond-level separation and complete arc interruption. Furthermore, during maintenance, the rod can be easily reinserted into the fixing hole on the jumper plate for reuse, resulting in low maintenance costs. The serrated clamping plate ensures a tight connection between the device and the grounding copper wire, guaranteeing good conductivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of surge arrester disconnectors, and specifically relates to a novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, mechanical surge arrester disconnectors are critical backup protection devices. Their function is to quickly disconnect the grounding circuit and prevent the accident from escalating when the surge arrester itself fails. These devices must meet multiple practical requirements, including high-reliability triggering, rapid and complete separation, strong environmental adaptability, and ease of maintenance and reset. Currently, the commonly used disconnectors in the industry can be mainly divided into two categories: thermal explosion / fuse type and single electromagnet driven type. Both types have significant functional limitations and corresponding defects in design and performance.

[0003] Thermally explosive or low-melting-point alloy fusible disconnectors rely on changes in the physical properties of materials under overcurrent conditions to trigger operation, essentially making them passive, one-time-use components. While these devices are simple in structure, their activation threshold is significantly affected by ambient temperature. In high-temperature environments, they are prone to premature activation, while in low-temperature or well-ventilated conditions, they may experience delayed activation or fail to activate. Furthermore, once triggered, they cannot be reset and must be replaced entirely, increasing maintenance costs and extending system recovery time. Therefore, this type of technology only provides basic disconnection functionality and has significant shortcomings in reliability, economy, and environmental adaptability.

[0004] Another common type is the single electromagnet-driven release mechanism, which directly controls the electromagnet's action via an external electrical signal to achieve mechanical unlocking. Compared to the thermal explosion / fuse type, it offers improved operating speed and has the potential for reusability. However, this design typically lacks an effective safety interlock mechanism, and its triggering logic is relatively simple. During operation, it is susceptible to complex electromagnetic interference or mechanical vibrations in the field, potentially leading to false triggering or trigger failure. Furthermore, its separation process often relies on the mechanism slowly springing open or falling under its own weight, which can easily lead to adhesion under humid or dirty conditions, resulting in incomplete arc cutting and a risk of separation failure. Therefore, while the single electromagnet solution improves reusability, it has not yet achieved a systematic improvement in anti-interference capabilities, complete action, and operational reliability.

[0005] In summary, existing disconnector technologies mostly revolve around a single triggering principle or simple mechanical structure, making it difficult to comprehensively address multiple requirements such as high-reliability triggering, millisecond-level complete separation, strong anti-interference capability, and convenient operation and maintenance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of disconnector that can operate stably under complex conditions, possessing both rapid and accurate action and convenient maintenance. The novel mechanical disconnector based on external electrical signal triggering proposed in this patent is designed to address these comprehensive needs. Through a combination of a dual electromagnet interlocking structure and timing control logic, it achieves instantaneous release of the connecting rod and rapid rebound of the pressure plate while ensuring triggering reliability and anti-interference capability, achieving millisecond-level electrical separation and effective arc interruption. Simultaneously, the device adopts a resettable design and a rod pressing structure that can be installed manually, significantly reducing maintenance complexity and long-term operating costs, thereby achieving a systematic improvement in reliability, response speed, separation completeness, and economy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a mechanical release device that adopts a dual electromagnet interlocking structure. Through electromagnetic logic coordination and mechanical linkage, it achieves dual confirmation of the trigger action, effectively avoiding false action or failure to act due to misjudgment of a single signal, thereby solving the reliability problem of release action under complex working conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal, comprising a connecting guide plate, a drive limiting assembly, a clamping assembly, and a connecting boom.

[0008] A terminal block is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting guide plate. The drive limit switch assembly is installed at the end of the connecting guide plate near the terminal block and is used to receive external electrical signals to control the triggering of the limit action on the connecting lever. The clamping assembly is installed on the back of the connecting guide plate and is used to clamp the grounding copper wire.

[0009] The connecting rod is used to connect the drive limit assembly and the clamping assembly. When the drive limit assembly receives an external electrical signal, it releases the limit and disconnects from the limit connection with the connecting rod, so that the clamping assembly can release the clamping of the grounding copper wire.

[0010] In one embodiment, the drive limiting assembly includes a mounting plate fixedly disposed on a connecting guide plate, a trigger electromagnet on the mounting plate, and a safety electromagnet on the side of the connecting guide plate near the wiring terminal.

[0011] The connecting guide plate is also equipped with a second shaft seat, and a jump plate is rotatably installed inside the second shaft seat. One end of the jump plate abuts against the trigger electromagnet and the safety electromagnet, and the other end is inserted into the connecting rod.

[0012] In one embodiment, the relative installation angle between the trigger electromagnet and the safety electromagnet is 90 degrees.

[0013] In one embodiment, the springboard consists of a connecting plate and a lifting rod limiting hole. One end of the connecting plate is rotatably mounted on a second shaft seat, and the other end abuts against the limiting space formed by the trigger electromagnet and the safety electromagnet. The lifting rod limiting hole is provided on the connecting plate and is inserted into the connecting lifting rod.

[0014] In one embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a first bearing fixedly disposed on the back of the connecting guide plate, a pressure plate rotatably disposed within the first bearing, a first connecting plate fixedly disposed at the end of the pressure plate away from the first bearing, a second connecting plate rotatably disposed on the first connecting plate, and the second connecting plate being connected to the connecting rod.

[0015] In one embodiment, a torsion spring is provided between the first bearing and the pressure plate.

[0016] In one embodiment, the pressure plate and the connecting guide plate are both provided with serrated pressure plates on their opposite surfaces.

[0017] In one embodiment, a control module is also included. The control module is electrically connected to the trigger electromagnet and the safety electromagnet, and is used to sense the current conduction state on the connecting plate. When an abnormal overcurrent signal is detected, the control module drives the safety electromagnet and the trigger electromagnet to operate according to a preset logic timing sequence.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0019] The system employs a separate layout and 90-degree relative installation design for the trigger electromagnet and the safety electromagnet, along with a logic timing drive mechanism preset by the control module. This achieves a dual safety interlock by "first unlocking the safety electromagnet limit switch, then triggering the electromagnet action," eliminating the risk of false triggering caused by single signal interference or mechanical vibration from both physical structure and control logic perspectives. Simultaneously, the control module has a built-in delay protection algorithm that effectively filters transient interference signals, initiating the disconnection procedure only in the event of continuous overcurrent or short-circuit faults. Compared to existing thermal fuse-type or single electromagnet-type disconnectors, the system exhibits significantly enhanced action determinism and anti-interference capabilities.

[0020] By using the disconnection design of the connecting rod and the pre-storage structure of the torsion spring, the connecting rod can instantly disconnect from the springboard and release the constraint when the triggering conditions are met. The pressure plate rebounds at high speed under the combined action of the torsion spring's restoring force and gravity, achieving millisecond-level electrical separation. Compared with the traditional disconnection method that relies on slow rebound or gravity-induced descent, this design can effectively lengthen and cut off the electric arc, avoiding the problem of incomplete disconnection caused by continuous arcing, and ensuring reliable disconnection of the electrical connection.

[0021] The device adopts a modular design, and the entire device can be reused. After disengagement, there is no need to replace the entire equipment. Simply press the connecting rod back in and connect it to the scaffolding to quickly reset and put it back into use. This greatly reduces operation and maintenance costs and maintenance cycle, and improves the reusability and economy of the equipment.

[0022] The clamping assembly adopts a lever-type serrated clamping plate structure, allowing operators to firmly clamp the grounding copper wire by hand without special tools. The serrated structure can effectively and tightly contact the grounding copper wire, ensuring electrical connection and improving installation convenience and long-term contact stability. At the same time, after the clamping plate is released, it will form a clear mechanical displacement, providing an intuitive "activated" physical indication, which makes it easy for maintenance personnel to quickly identify the equipment status and reduce the difficulty of inspection and labor costs.

[0023] The core operating mechanism is mainly composed of mechanical components, coupled with a control module with strong anti-interference capabilities. It can withstand the effects of harsh outdoor environments such as humidity, dirt, and temperature changes, and the stability of the mechanical structure can ensure long-term operational reliability, meeting the power system's requirements for maintenance-free and long-life operation of equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal, provided for this application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an inverted mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal, provided for this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of a novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal, provided for this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Connecting guide plate; 2. First shaft seat; 3. Pressure plate; 4. First connecting plate; 5. Connecting cantilever rod; 6. Second shaft seat; 7. Jump plate; 8. Mounting plate; 9. Trigger electromagnet; 10. Safety electromagnet; 11. Serrated pressure plate; 12. Wiring terminal; 13. Second connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this application provides a novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal, comprising a connecting guide plate 1, a drive limiting assembly, a clamping assembly, and a connecting rod 5.

[0031] A terminal block 12 is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting guide plate 1. A drive limit assembly is installed at one end of the connecting guide plate 1 near the terminal block 12. It is used to receive external electrical signals to control the triggering of the limit action on the connecting rod 5. A clamping assembly is installed on the back of the connecting guide plate 1. It is used to clamp the grounding copper wire.

[0032] The connecting rod 5 is used to connect the drive limit assembly and the clamping assembly. When the drive limit assembly receives an external electrical signal, it releases the limit and disconnects from the limit connection with the connecting rod 5, so that the clamping assembly releases its clamping force on the grounding copper wire.

[0033] Installation process: First, securely connect the surge arrester grounding terminal to terminal 12 with screws to ensure reliable electrical continuity with the connecting guide plate 1. Then, place the grounding copper wire into the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly initially presses the grounding copper wire against the connecting guide plate 1 and maintains stable contact. Next, the drive limit assembly further drives the connecting rod 5, causing the clamping assembly to apply stable pressure to the grounding copper wire to ensure reliable contact. After the overall assembly is completed, connect an external electrical signal to the drive limit assembly to limit the release state of the connecting rod 5, ensuring that the clamping assembly continuously maintains stable pressure on the grounding copper wire under normal operating conditions.

[0034] When the system detects an anomaly in the surge arrester or an emergency disconnection is required, the external control circuit triggers a signal to activate the drive limit assembly, forcing the connecting rod 5 to disengage. Once disengaged, the connecting rod 5 releases its constraint on the clamping assembly, which, under gravity, quickly releases its grip on the grounding copper wire, allowing the wire to droop naturally. This disconnects the grounding copper wire from the connecting guide plate 1, completely breaking the electrical connection with the surge arrester. This process is rapid and reliable, avoiding the delays and safety hazards associated with traditional manual operation, and achieving the design goals of remote control and instantaneous disconnection.

[0035] Optionally, the drive limit assembly includes a mounting plate 8 fixedly mounted on the connecting guide plate 1, a trigger electromagnet 9 on the mounting plate 8, and a safety electromagnet 10 on the side of the connecting guide plate 1 near the terminal block 12.

[0036] The connecting guide plate 1 is also provided with a second bearing 6, and a jump plate 7 is rotatably installed inside the second bearing 6. One end of the jump plate 7 abuts against the trigger electromagnet 9 and the safety electromagnet 10, and the other end is inserted into the connecting rod 5.

[0037] In this embodiment, after the clamping assembly completes the initial clamping of the grounding copper wire, the connecting rod 5 is connected to the clamping assembly, and its other end is inserted into the jump plate 7. The jump plate 7 is pressed to rotate counterclockwise around the second shaft seat 6. During the rotation, the jump plate 7 further drives the connecting rod 5 to move closer to the side of the trigger electromagnet 9 by deflection. During this process, the connecting rod 5 applies continuous pressure to the clamping assembly to ensure that the clamping assembly stably clamps the grounding copper wire and maintains a reliable electrical connection with the connecting guide plate 1.

[0038] When the jump plate 7 is pressed directly below the push rod of the triggering electromagnet 9, the push rod of the triggering electromagnet 9 extends towards the jump plate 7 and presses against the top of the jump plate 7, locking it in its current rotation position. At this time, the connecting rod 5 is in a clamped state, and the clamping assembly continuously applies stable pressure to the grounding copper wire. Simultaneously, the push rod of the safety electromagnet 10 extends and presses against the bottom of the jump plate 7, further restricting the rotation of the jump plate 7, forming a double locking mechanism to ensure that it will not be accidentally triggered due to vibration or interference during operation.

[0039] By using the trigger electromagnet 9 and the safety electromagnet 10 to coordinately limit the upper and lower sides of the jump plate 7, a double interlocking fixation of the jump plate 7 is achieved, effectively preventing malfunctions caused by the failure of a single electromagnet or external interference. Only after the safety electromagnet 10 is energized and retracts to release the bottom limit of the jump plate 7 can the trigger electromagnet 9 continue to move downwards via the push rod to push the jump plate 7 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby further increasing the deflection angle of the jump plate 7. As the deflection angle gradually increases, the relative contact position between the connecting rod 5 and the jump plate 7 changes synchronously. When the deflection of the jump plate 7 increases to a certain angle, the connecting rod 5 completely disengages from the contact with the jump plate 7. After disengagement, the connecting rod 5 releases the constraint on the clamping assembly, which falls rapidly under the action of gravity, releasing the clamp on the grounding copper wire, allowing the copper wire to hang naturally, and completely disconnecting the electrical connection with the connecting guide plate 1. This process achieves safety interlocking through dual electromagnet timing control, ensuring unique and reliable action, effectively avoiding the risk of false triggering, and meeting the needs of remote rapid disengagement.

[0040] It should be noted that after troubleshooting the abnormal state of the surge arrester, it is only necessary to restore the connection between the connecting rod 5 and the jump plate 7, and then repeat the above installation steps. By triggering the electromagnet 9 and the safety electromagnet 10, the double interlocking state of the jump plate 7 can be re-established, and it can be put back into use without replacing other parts. The maintenance is convenient and low-cost.

[0041] Optionally, the relative installation angle between the trigger electromagnet 9 and the safety electromagnet 10 is 90 degrees. Verification shows that when the trigger electromagnet 9 and the safety electromagnet 10 are perpendicular to each other, the upper and lower double-sided limiting of the jump plate 7 can be achieved more stably, effectively improving structural stability and response accuracy.

[0042] Optionally, the springboard 7 consists of a connecting plate and a lifting rod limiting hole. One end of the connecting plate is rotatably mounted on the second bearing 6, and the other end abuts against the limiting space formed by the triggering electromagnet 9 and the safety electromagnet 10. The lifting rod limiting hole is located on the connecting plate and is inserted into the connecting lifting rod 5.

[0043] In this embodiment, the counterclockwise rotation of the connecting plate causes the synchronous rotation of the lever limiting hole. During this rotation, the lever limiting hole continuously presses down on the connecting lever 5, thereby adjusting the clamping force of the clamping assembly on the grounding copper wire. Simultaneously, the deflection of the lever limiting hole caused by the counterclockwise rotation continuously changes the relative position of the contact between the lever limiting hole and the connecting lever 5; that is, as the deflection angle of the lever limiting hole increases, it gradually approaches the end of the connecting lever 5. When it is necessary to release the constraint on the connecting lever 5, further clockwise rotation of the connecting rod will disengage the connecting lever 5 from the lever limiting hole, thus releasing the constraint on the clamping assembly and ensuring stable and reliable triggering conditions for each disengagement action. The integrated molding of the connecting plate and the lever limiting hole enhances the overall structural strength of the jump plate 7, avoids fatigue damage caused by repeated locking and releasing, and extends the service life of the device.

[0044] Optionally, the clamping assembly includes a first bearing 2 fixedly mounted on the back of the connecting guide plate 1, a pressure plate 3 rotatably mounted inside the first bearing 2, a first connecting plate 4 fixedly mounted at the end of the pressure plate 3 away from the first bearing 2, a second connecting plate 13 rotatably mounted on the first connecting plate 4, and the second connecting plate 13 connected to the connecting rod 5.

[0045] In this embodiment, during installation, the grounding copper wire is placed between the pressure plate 3 and the connecting guide plate 1. Pressure is applied to the pressure plate 3 in the direction close to the connecting guide plate 1, causing the pressure plate 3 to rotate around the first shaft seat 2, thereby reducing the clamping gap between the pressure plate 3 and the connecting guide plate 1 until the grounding copper wire is initially clamped. Then, the connecting rod 5 is passed through the connecting hole of the second connecting plate 13 to form a connection. The connecting rod 5 is pressed down to make the second connecting plate 13 deflect upward relative to each other, further reducing the clamping gap between the pressure plate 3 and the connecting guide plate 1, completing the firm crimping of the grounding copper wire, and ensuring reliable electrical connection.

[0046] Optionally, a torsion spring is provided between the first shaft seat 2 and the pressure plate 3. The torsion spring, in its natural state, causes the pressure plate 3 to rotate away from the connecting guide plate 1, facilitating rapid release of the clamping gap during installation and improving operational efficiency. When the pressure plate 3 rotates around the first shaft seat 2 to press the grounding copper wire, the torsion spring stores energy, ensuring that when the connecting rod 5 disengages, the pressure plate 3 quickly rebounds under the restoring force of the torsion spring and gravity, achieving immediate release of the grounding copper wire. This design not only ensures reliable rapid disconnection in emergencies but also avoids delays caused by human operation through a preset mechanical linkage path.

[0047] Meanwhile, after the connecting rod 5 completes the pulling and establishes a double interlock, the torsion spring continuously provides preload, effectively mitigating the effects of minor vibrations or loosening caused by thermal expansion and contraction during daily use, and ensuring long-term operational reliability.

[0048] Optionally, both the pressure plate 3 and the connecting guide plate 1 have serrated clamping plates 11 on their opposing surfaces. The serrated clamping plates 11 enhance the interlocking effect of the serrations, further improving the clamping force and contact stability. The serrated structure can effectively embed the grounding copper wire, preventing slippage or loosening and ensuring reliable electrical connection, especially maintaining crimping reliability under vibration conditions.

[0049] Optionally, a control module is also included. The control module is electrically connected to the trigger electromagnet 9 and the fuse electromagnet 10. It is used to sense the current conduction status on the connecting guide plate 1 and drive the fuse electromagnet 10 and the trigger electromagnet 9 to operate according to a preset logic timing when an abnormal overcurrent signal is detected.

[0050] In this embodiment, the control module incorporates a built-in delay protection algorithm to avoid misjudgments caused by momentary interference, ensuring that the disconnection procedure is only initiated under continuous overcurrent or short-circuit faults. Upon confirmation of the abnormal signal, the control module first outputs a drive signal to activate the safety electromagnet 10, releasing the mechanical limit on the jump plate 7. Immediately afterwards, it triggers the trigger electromagnet 9, pushing the pressure plate 3 downwards rapidly, causing the connecting rod 5 to disengage quickly, thus releasing the pressure plate 3. Under the combined action of the torsion spring and gravity, the pressure plate 3 quickly rebounds to the separated state, achieving reliable disconnection of the grounding copper wire. The entire process conforms to the safety logic of "unlock first, trigger later," eliminating the risk of malfunction and ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of electrical disconnection.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector triggered by an external electrical signal, characterized in that: Includes a connecting guide plate (1), a drive limit assembly, a clamping assembly, and a connecting rod (5); A terminal block (12) is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting guide plate (1). The drive limiting component is installed at one end of the connecting guide plate (1) near the terminal block (12) and is used to receive external electrical signals to control the triggering of the limiting action of the connecting rod (5). The clamping component is installed on the back of the connecting guide plate (1) and is used to clamp the grounding copper wire. The connecting rod (5) is used to connect the drive limiting component and the clamping component. When the drive limiting component receives an external electrical signal, it releases the limit and releases the limiting connection with the connecting rod (5) so that the clamping component releases the clamping of the grounding copper wire. The drive limiting assembly includes a mounting plate (8) fixedly mounted on the connecting guide plate (1), a trigger electromagnet (9) is provided on the mounting plate (8), and a safety electromagnet (10) is provided on the side of the connecting guide plate (1) near the terminal block (12). The connecting guide plate (1) is also provided with a second bearing seat (6), and a jump plate (7) is rotatably arranged inside the second bearing seat (6). One end of the jump plate (7) abuts against the trigger electromagnet (9) and the safety electromagnet (10), and the other end is inserted into the connecting rod (5).

2. The novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector based on external electrical signal triggering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative installation angle between the trigger electromagnet (9) and the safety electromagnet (10) is 90 degrees.

3. A novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector based on external electrical signal triggering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The springboard (7) consists of a connecting plate and a lifting rod limiting hole. One end of the connecting plate is rotatably mounted on the second shaft seat (6), and the other end abuts against the limiting space formed by the trigger electromagnet (9) and the safety electromagnet (10). The lifting rod limiting hole is located on the connecting plate and is inserted into the connecting lifting rod (5).

4. A novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector based on external electrical signal triggering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a first bearing seat (2) fixedly disposed on the back of the connecting guide plate (1), a pressure plate (3) rotatably disposed inside the first bearing seat (2), a first connecting plate (4) fixedly disposed at the end of the pressure plate (3) away from the first bearing seat (2), a second connecting plate (13) rotatably disposed on the first connecting plate (4), and the second connecting plate (13) is connected to the connecting rod (5).

5. A novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector based on external electrical signal triggering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A torsion spring is provided between the first bearing seat (2) and the pressure plate (3).

6. A novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector based on external electrical signal triggering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure plate (3) and the connecting guide plate (1) are both provided with serrated pressure plates (11) on their opposite sides.

7. A novel mechanical surge arrester disconnector based on external electrical signal triggering according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It also includes a control module, which is electrically connected to the trigger electromagnet (9) and the safety electromagnet (10), and is used to sense the current conduction state on the connecting guide plate (1), and drive the safety electromagnet (10) and the trigger electromagnet (9) to act according to a preset logic timing when an abnormal overcurrent signal is detected.

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