Hybrid vehicle fuel cell adaptive operating condition thermal management system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hybrid vehicles fuel cell adaptive operating condition thermal management system applied to fuel cell control field, and the system is fused to the future short time thermal load change trend by predicting to the car condition, road condition, battery stack, environment and so on multiple source information, and heat management strategy is adjusted in advance, changes passive response to active intervention, compared with the existing passive response mode, can effectively avoid the sharp rise of thermal load, not only protect battery stack life, but also provide smooth power output, compared with traditional fixed flow channel, pulsating bipolar plate is synergized by electrostrictive wire and electromagnetic layer, can realize the dynamic adjustment of flow channel section in millisecond level time, realize real-time accurate cooling to hot spot area, avoid the response lag and energy waste of traditional liquid cooling system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell control, in particular to a hybrid vehicle fuel cell adaptive operating condition thermal management system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The thermal management of a hybrid vehicle fuel cell refers to an integrated intelligent control system designed for a hybrid vehicle that uses a fuel cell system as the main power source and is equipped with a power battery as an auxiliary or buffer energy source. The core function of the system is to coordinate the heat flow between all heat-producing and heat-using units of the vehicle, and to maximize the energy utilization efficiency of the vehicle under the premise of ensuring the safety and performance of each key component.

[0003] For example, a fuel cell vehicle thermal management system and its construction method disclosed in CN120933399A and an optimization control method for a hydrogen fuel cell disclosed in CN119275316A both disclose a battery thermal management system and method that can adapt to the operating conditions of the vehicle.

[0004] However, the existing battery thermal management system only adjusts the fuel cell to the current operating condition by optimizing energy distribution and control methods when the fuel cell overheats, which has a management lag and easily leads the vehicle into a vicious cycle of overheating, power reduction, and performance drop. Moreover, the existing technology only uses simple control of flow, pressure, and other methods to cool the fuel cell, which is difficult to adaptively cool according to the differences between individual cells. SUMMARY

[0005] The core of the present application is to predict the trend of thermal load changes in the near future by fusing multi-source information such as vehicle conditions, road conditions, battery stacks, and the environment, to adjust the thermal management strategy in advance, and to change passive response to active intervention to solve the problem of response lag in the existing technology. At the same time, precise temperature control of each battery monomer is achieved through distributed temperature monitoring.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] The adaptive working condition thermal management system of a hybrid vehicle fuel cell comprises a perception layer, an intelligent decision-making layer, an execution layer, and a coordination layer, the perception layer comprises a vehicle condition perception module, a road condition perception module, a battery stack perception module, and an environment perception module, the vehicle condition perception module comprises a vehicle speed perception unit, a vehicle load perception unit, an accelerator pedal perception unit, and a driving mode perception unit, the road condition perception module is connected with a vehicle navigation system signal, the battery stack perception module comprises an output power perception unit, a temperature perception unit, and a humidity perception unit, and the environment perception module comprises an air temperature and humidity perception unit, an altitude perception unit, and a weather perception unit connected with a weather system signal.

[0008] The intelligent decision-making layer comprises a multi-source information fusion module, a battery stack power prediction module, a battery stack thermal management module, and a power distribution module, the multi-source information fusion module is connected with the perception layer signal, and the battery stack power prediction module is connected with the multi-source information fusion module signal, the battery stack power prediction module adopts a thermal load prediction model based on a neural network or time series analysis, combines historical working condition data and real-time multi-source information, and outputs a thermal load change curve in a short time in the future, the battery stack thermal management module comprises a low-temperature starting preheating unit and a cooling unit, and the power distribution module comprises a power output control unit connected with the fuel cell and the power battery signal.

[0009] The execution layer comprises an adaptive working condition adjustment module and a thermal limit protection module connected with the battery stack thermal management module signal.

[0010] The coordination layer comprises a driving strategy coordination module, an air conditioning system coordination module, and a cooling compensation module connected with the thermal limit protection module signal.

[0011] The adaptive working condition adjustment module comprises a battery stack connected with the battery stack perception module signal and a radiator body connected with the battery stack power prediction module signal, the battery stack is composed of a plurality of battery monomers, each battery monomer is composed of a middle membrane electrode and two sides of a pulsating bipolar plate, a lower water inlet and an upper water outlet are arranged on the side wall of each pulsating bipolar plate, a plurality of lower water inlets and upper water outlets are connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe respectively, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are in communication with a water supply tank of the radiator body.

[0012] Further, the pulsating bipolar plate comprises an inner bipolar plate in contact with the membrane electrode, an outer bipolar plate butted with the inner bipolar plate, a pipe groove opened on the inner bipolar plate and the outer bipolar plate, and a serpentine pulsating pipe placed between the two pipe grooves, and the inner wall of the outer bipolar plate away from the inner bipolar plate is fixedly embedded with a distributed temperature optical fiber connected with the temperature perception unit signal.

[0013] Further, the serpentine pulsating pipe comprises a plurality of straight pipes and elbow pipes, the straight pipe comprises a plurality of fixed segments and pulsating segments, and the plurality of fixed segments and pulsating segments are arranged alternately.

[0014] Further, the pulsation section includes a pulsation pipe on the outer side and an elastic film on the inner side, the pulsation pipe is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic layer on the inner wall close to the outer side, the inner wall of the pulsation pipe is slidably connected with a plurality of magnetic layers distributed at equal intervals, and each magnetic layer is fixedly connected with an elastic layer between the electromagnetic layer, the inner wall of the pulsation pipe close to the elastic film is slidably connected with a plurality of sliding layers fixedly connected with the plurality of magnetic layers one by one, and the sliding layer is fixedly connected with a plurality of distributed electrostrictive wires between the sliding layer and the elastic film, and the distributed temperature optical fiber is signal connected with the electromagnetic layer and the electrostrictive wire through the micro-control processor.

[0015] Preferably, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are further connected with flow regulating pipes at the communication positions of the lower water inlet and the upper water outlet, and the flow regulating pipe comprises an outer fixed pipe, an inner flexible pipe, and an elastic net filled between the outer fixed pipe and the inner flexible pipe.

[0016] Further, the battery stack sensing module further comprises an abnormal temperature identification unit signal connected with the plurality of distributed temperature optical fibers, and the abnormal temperature identification unit is signal connected with the elastic net through the micro-control processor.

[0017] Optionally, the cooling compensation module comprises a cooling compensation box communicated between the water inlet pipe and the radiator body, the cooling compensation box comprises an outer box, an inner box communicated with the water inlet pipe, and a plurality of arrayed semiconductor refrigeration pieces mounted on the side wall of the inner box.

[0018] Further, the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece is located in the cavity between the outer box and the inner box, and the cavity is communicated with the air conditioning system through a pipeline.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are that:

[0020] (1) The present scheme predicts the trend of thermal load change in the future short time by fusing multi-source information such as vehicle condition, road condition, battery stack, and environment, adjusts the thermal management strategy in advance, changes passive response to active intervention, compared with the existing passive response mode, can effectively avoid the sharp rise of thermal load, not only protects the service life of the battery stack, but also provides stable power output.

[0021] (2) Compared with the traditional fixed flow channel, the pulsation type bipolar plate can realize dynamic adjustment of the flow channel section within milliseconds through the synergistic effect of the electrostrictive wire and the electromagnetic layer, realize real-time accurate cooling of the hot spot area, and avoid the response lag and energy waste of the traditional liquid cooling system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The system architecture of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0023] Figure 2 The flow regulating principle of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0024] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a perspective view of the battery stack and heat sink of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 Figure 2 is a front view of the battery stack of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 Figure 3 is a perspective exploded view of the pulsating bipolar plate of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of the serpentine pulsating pipe of the present application in three states of constant, increasing and decreasing cross-section of the flow channel;

[0028] Figure 7 Figure 5 is a front sectional view of the flow regulating pipe of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 Figure 6 is a front sectional view of the cooling compensation tank of the present application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the figures:

[0031] 1 battery stack, 101 inner bipolar plate, 1011 pipe groove, 102 outer bipolar plate, 1021 distributed temperature optical fiber, 103 serpentine pulsating pipe, 1031 straight pipe, 1032 elbow pipe, 2 water inlet pipe, 3 water outlet pipe, 4 flow regulating pipe, 401 outer fixed pipe, 402 inner flexible pipe, 403 telescopic net, 5 heat sink body, 6 fixed section, 7 pulsating pipe, 8 elastic film, 9 electromagnetic layer, 10 elastic layer, 11 magnetic layer, 12 sliding layer, 13 electrostrictive wire, 14 cooling compensation tank, 1401 outer tank, 1402 inner tank, 1403 semiconductor refrigeration fin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] First embodiment:

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2The adaptive working condition thermal management system of a hybrid vehicle fuel cell comprises a perception layer, an intelligent decision-making layer, an execution layer, and a coordination layer. The perception layer comprises a vehicle condition perception module, a road condition perception module, a battery stack perception module, and an environment perception module. The vehicle condition perception module comprises a vehicle speed perception unit, a vehicle load perception unit, an accelerator pedal perception unit, and a driving mode perception unit. The road condition perception module is connected to a vehicle navigation system signal. The battery stack perception module comprises an output power perception unit, a temperature perception unit, and a humidity perception unit. The environment perception module comprises an air temperature and humidity perception unit, an altitude perception unit, and a weather perception unit connected to a weather system signal. During vehicle driving, the perception layer obtains real-time information on vehicle conditions, road conditions, battery stacks, and external environments. The road condition information is provided by the vehicle navigation system, including continuous uphill and downhill, continuous sharp turns, road congestion, highway, urban road, destination driving mileage, and other road condition information.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The intelligent decision-making layer comprises a multi-source information fusion module, a battery stack power prediction module, a battery stack thermal management module, and a power distribution module. The multi-source information fusion module is connected to the perception layer signal, and the battery stack power prediction module is connected to the multi-source information fusion module signal. The battery stack power prediction module uses a thermal load prediction model based on neural network or time series analysis, combines historical working condition data and real-time multi-source information, and outputs a thermal load change curve in a short time in the future. The battery stack thermal management module comprises a low-temperature start preheating unit and a cooling unit. The power distribution module comprises a power output control unit connected to the fuel cell and the power battery. The multi-source information fusion module organizes and fuses various information obtained by the perception layer. The battery stack power prediction module uses a thermal load prediction model based on neural network or time series analysis, combines historical working condition data and real-time multi-source information, and outputs a thermal load change curve in a short time in the future (such as a thermal load change curve in the next 10 minutes, and the specific time is set according to actual needs, which is not limited here). The battery stack thermal management module formulates a cooling strategy in advance to pre-cool the fuel cell. The power distribution module formulates a power output strategy of the fuel cell and the power battery in advance. Based on the above information, the intelligent decision-making layer adjusts the thermal management strategy in advance, so that the fuel cell is prepared for the working condition in a short time in the future. Compared with the existing passive response, the fuel cell can be actively intervened, and the battery stack 1 can be effectively prevented from falling into a vicious cycle of overheating-power reduction-performance sudden drop.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2The execution layer comprises an adaptive working condition adjusting module and a thermal limit protection module connected with the battery stack thermal management module, the execution layer executes the thermal management strategy formulated by the intelligent decision layer, the battery stack 1 is cooled in advance through the adaptive working condition adjusting module, and if the temperature of the battery stack 1 is too high in the process of cooling the battery stack 1, the thermal limit protection module protects the battery stack 1 by limiting the output power of the fuel cell;

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The coordination layer comprises a driving strategy coordination module, an air conditioning system coordination module and a cooling compensation module connected with the thermal limit protection module, in the process of adaptive adjustment of the battery stack 1, when the temperature of the battery stack 1 is continuously high or even tends to be in thermal runaway, the coordination layer assists the battery stack 1 to cool down by starting each system of the whole vehicle, the driving strategy coordination module sends a request to the vehicle controller to limit the rapid acceleration and high-speed driving mode to reduce the thermal load when detecting that the temperature of the battery stack continuously rises, the air conditioning system coordination module assists cooling by delivering cold air in the cabin to the battery stack 1, and the cooling compensation module assists cooling by adding cooling measures to the battery stack 1;

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The adaptive working condition adjusting module comprises a battery stack 1 connected with a battery stack sensing module and a radiator body 5 connected with a battery stack power prediction module, the battery stack 1 is composed of a plurality of battery monomers, each battery monomer is composed of a middle membrane electrode and two sides of a pulsating bipolar plate, a lower water inlet and an upper water outlet are arranged on the side wall of each pulsating bipolar plate, a plurality of lower water inlets and upper water outlets are respectively connected with an inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 3, and the inlet pipe 2 and the outlet pipe 3 are in communication with a water supply tank of the radiator body 5, cooling water circulates in the pulsating bipolar plate through the inlet pipe 2 and the outlet pipe 3, the cooling water carries away the heat of the battery stack 1, a fan on the radiator body 5 cools the cooling water, the battery stack sensing module monitors the temperature, humidity, air supply flow, air supply pressure and other data of the battery stack 1, the battery stack power prediction module formulates a thermal management strategy in a short time in the future according to the monitoring data, and the adaptive working condition adjusting module cools the cooling liquid in advance by adjusting the rotating speed of the radiator body 5, the cooling liquid supply flow and the pressure, so that the battery stack 1 is prepared in advance for the working condition in a short time in the future;

[0039] Please refer to Figure 5The pulsating bipolar plate comprises an inner bipolar plate 101 in contact with a membrane electrode, an outer bipolar plate 102 butted with the inner bipolar plate 101, pipe grooves 1011 opened on the inner bipolar plate 101 and the outer bipolar plate 102, and a serpentine pulsating pipe 103 placed between the two pipe grooves 1011, the inner wall of the outer bipolar plate 102 away from the inner bipolar plate 101 is fixedly embedded with a distributed temperature optical fiber 1021 (the specific model is selected according to actual requirements) connected with a temperature sensing unit, the serpentine pulsating pipe 103 comprises a plurality of straight pipes 1031 and elbow pipes 1032, the straight pipe 1031 comprises a plurality of fixed segments 6 and pulsating segments, and the plurality of fixed segments 6 and the pulsating segments are alternately arranged, the distributed temperature optical fiber 1021 performs global temperature monitoring on each pulsating bipolar plate, when the local temperature is too high, the distributed temperature optical fiber 1021 triggers the pulsating segment at the position to increase or decrease the flow passage cross section, thereby realizing independent and accurate flow distribution of the high heat point area and effectively preventing local overheating.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 6 The pulsating segment comprises a pulsating pipe 7 on the outer side and an elastic film 8 on the inner side, the inner wall of the pulsating pipe 7 close to the outer side is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic layer 9 (made of electromagnetic material), the inner wall of the pulsating pipe 7 is slidably connected with a plurality of magnetic layers 11 (repulsion force is generated on the magnetic layer 11 after the electromagnetic layer 9 is electrified) distributed at equal intervals, and the magnetic layer 11 is fixedly connected with an elastic layer 10 between each magnetic layer 11 and the electromagnetic layer 9, the inner wall of the pulsating pipe 7 close to the elastic film 8 is slidably connected with a plurality of sliding layers 12 fixedly connected with the plurality of magnetic layers 11 one by one, and the sliding layer 12 is fixedly connected with a plurality of electrostrictive wires 13 (made of electrostrictive material) distributed at equal intervals between the sliding layer 12 and the elastic film 8, the distributed temperature optical fiber 1021 is signal connected with the electromagnetic layer 9 and the electrostrictive wire 13 through a microprocessor, when the temperature at a position of the pulsating bipolar plate is higher than that at other positions, the distributed temperature optical fiber 1021 triggers the electrostrictive wire 13 on the pulsating segment at the position through the microprocessor, the electrostrictive wire 13 is deformed and shrinks after being electrified, so as to increase the flow passage cross section, at the same time, the distributed temperature optical fiber 1021 triggers the electromagnetic layer 9 on the left and right pulsating segments at the position, repulsion force is generated on the magnetic layer 11 after the electromagnetic layer 9 is electrified, the magnetic layer 11 is inwards shrunk after being stressed, so as to reduce the flow passage interface, so that the dynamic fine adjustment of the flow passage shape is realized, compared with the existing liquid cooling which relies on forced convection of fluid, the cooling liquid distribution is dynamically reconstructed by real-time change of the shape of the flow passage, so as to realize the accurate fine adjustment of the cooling strength of the overheated area, and further strengthen the local heat dissipation effect.

[0041] Compared with the traditional fixed flow passage, the pulsating bipolar plate of the present application can realize the dynamic adjustment of the flow passage cross section within milliseconds through the synergistic effect of the electrostrictive wire and the electromagnetic layer, realize the real-time accurate cooling of the hot spot area, and avoid the response lag and energy waste of the traditional liquid cooling system.

[0042] The second embodiment:

[0043] The first embodiment is to reconstruct the distribution of the cooling liquid on a single bipolar plate to achieve precise adjustment of the micro area, and the present embodiment distributes the cooling liquid flow of the entire battery stack to achieve macro adjustment, and the two embodiments are combined for global adjustment.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 7 , the inlet pipe 2 and the outlet pipe 3 are respectively connected with the communication part of the lower inlet and the upper outlet, and the flow regulating pipe 4 is further connected, the flow regulating pipe 4 includes an outer fixed pipe 401, an inner flexible pipe 402, and a stretchy net 403 filled between the outer fixed pipe 401 and the inner flexible pipe 402 (made of shape memory alloy material), the battery stack sensing module further includes an abnormal temperature identification unit connected with the signals of the plurality of distributed temperature optical fibers 1021, and the abnormal temperature identification unit is signal connected with the stretchy net 403 through the micro control processor, while the distributed temperature optical fiber 1021 monitors the temperature of each bipolar plate, the abnormal temperature identification unit first calculates the temperature difference of each distributed temperature optical fiber 1021, and the temperature difference is obtained by subtracting the minimum temperature value from the maximum temperature value monitored by the distributed temperature optical fiber 1021, and then the abnormal temperature identification unit identifies the bipolar plate with a temperature difference greater than a set threshold value, and then triggers the stretchy net 403 on the bipolar plate through the micro control processor. The stretchy net 403 deforms after being powered and heated, thereby increasing the flow passage section of the flow regulating pipe 4, and further increasing the cooling liquid inlet and outlet flow of the bipolar plate, thereby effectively improving the cooling effect of the bipolar plate with large temperature difference;

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 8 , the cooling compensation module includes a cooling compensation box 14 communicated between the inlet pipe 2 and the radiator body 5, the cooling compensation box 14, the cooling compensation box 14 includes an outer box 1401, an inner box 1402 communicated with the inlet pipe 2, and a plurality of arrayed semiconductor refrigerating pieces 1403 (the specific model is selected according to actual demand) installed on the side wall of the inner box 1402. Considering that the vehicle drives in the urban road, due to the large traffic flow, the driving speed is slow, and the air convection speed is small, the cooling effect of the cooling liquid by the fan of the radiator body 5 is poor, therefore, the cooling compensation box 14 is added to compensate the cooling of the cooling liquid, the cooling liquid flows through the inner box 1402 before entering the bipolar plate from the inlet pipe 2, and the cold produced by the semiconductor refrigerating piece 1403 further cools the cooling liquid, thereby effectively improving the cooling effect of the battery stack 1;

[0046] The heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 1403 is located in the cavity between the outer box 1401 and the inner box 1402, and the cavity is communicated with the air conditioning system through a pipeline. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 1403 dissipates heat while refrigerating. If the heat is directly discharged, it will be wasted. Therefore, in winter, the heat is introduced into the air conditioning system to provide cabin heating, effectively saving energy consumption.

[0047] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application; all the protection scope of the present application, any person skilled in the art according to the technical solution and the improvement concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, equivalent replacement or change, should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell adaptive thermal management system for hybrid vehicles, comprising a perception layer, an intelligent decision-making layer, an execution layer, and a coordination layer, characterized in that: The perception layer includes a vehicle condition perception module, a road condition perception module, a battery stack perception module, and an environment perception module. The vehicle condition perception module includes a vehicle speed perception unit, a vehicle load perception unit, an accelerator pedal perception unit, and a driving mode perception unit. The road condition perception module is connected to the vehicle navigation system signal. The battery stack perception module includes an output power perception unit, a temperature perception unit, and a humidity perception unit. The environment perception module includes an air temperature and humidity perception unit, an altitude perception unit, and a weather perception unit connected to the weather system signal. The intelligent decision-making layer includes a multi-source information fusion module, a battery stack power prediction module, a battery stack thermal management module, and a power distribution module. The multi-source information fusion module is signal-connected to the perception layer, and the battery stack power prediction module is signal-connected to the multi-source information fusion module. The battery stack power prediction module adopts a heat load prediction model based on neural networks or time series analysis, combines historical operating data and real-time multi-source information, and outputs a heat load change curve for a short period of time in the future. The battery stack thermal management module includes a low-temperature start-up preheating unit and a cooling unit. The power distribution module includes a power output control unit that is signal-connected to the fuel cell and the power battery. The execution layer includes an adaptive operating condition adjustment module and a thermal limit protection module that are signal-connected to the battery stack thermal management module. The coordination layer includes a driving strategy coordination module, an air conditioning system coordination module, and a cooling compensation module that is signal-connected to the thermal limit protection module. The adaptive operating condition adjustment module includes a battery stack (1) connected to the battery stack sensing module and a radiator body (5) connected to the battery stack power prediction module. The battery stack (1) is composed of multiple battery cells, and each battery cell is composed of a membrane electrode in the middle and pulsating bipolar plates on both sides. Each pulsating bipolar plate has a lower water inlet and an upper water outlet on its side wall. The multiple lower water inlets and upper water outlets are connected to a water inlet pipe (2) and a water outlet pipe (3) respectively. The water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3) are simultaneously connected to the water supply tank of the radiator body (5). The pulsating bipolar plate includes an inner electrode plate (101) in contact with the membrane electrode, an outer electrode plate (102) that is joined and assembled with the inner electrode plate (101), a groove (1011) formed on the inner electrode plate (101) and the outer electrode plate (102), and a serpentine pulsating tube (103) placed between the two grooves (1011). The inner wall of the outer electrode plate (102) away from the inner electrode plate (101) is fixedly embedded with a distributed temperature optical fiber (1021) that is connected to the temperature sensing unit signal. The serpentine pulsating tube (103) includes multiple straight tubes (1031) and bent tubes (1032). The straight tube (1031) includes multiple fixed sections (6) and pulsating sections, and the multiple fixed sections (6) and pulsating sections are alternately arranged. The pulsating segment includes a pulsating tube (7) on the outer side and an elastic membrane (8) on the inner side. An electromagnetic layer (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pulsating tube (7) near the outer side. Multiple magnetic layers (11) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the pulsating tube (7) and are distributed around it at equal intervals. An elastic layer (10) is fixedly connected between each magnetic layer (11) and the electromagnetic layer (9). Multiple sliding layers (12) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the pulsating tube (7) near the elastic membrane (8) and are fixedly connected to each of the multiple magnetic layers (11). Multiple electrostrictive wires (13) are fixedly connected between the sliding layers (12) and the elastic membrane (8). The distributed temperature optical fiber (1021) is signal-connected to the electromagnetic layer (9) and the electrostrictive wires (13) through a microcontroller.

2. The adaptive thermal management system for fuel cells in hybrid vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe (2) and outlet pipe (3) are connected to the lower inlet and upper outlet respectively by a flow regulating pipe (4). The flow regulating pipe (4) includes an outer fixed pipe (401), an inner flexible pipe (402), and a telescopic net (403) filled between the outer fixed pipe (401) and the inner flexible pipe (402).

3. The adaptive thermal management system for fuel cells in hybrid vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery stack sensing module also includes an abnormal temperature identification unit that is connected to multiple distributed temperature optical fibers (1021) via signals, and the abnormal temperature identification unit is connected to the telescopic mesh (403) via a microcontroller.

4. The adaptive thermal management system for fuel cells in hybrid vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling compensation module includes a cooling compensation box (14) connected between the water inlet pipe (2) and the radiator body (5). The cooling compensation box (14) includes an outer box (1401), an inner box (1402) connected to the water inlet pipe (2), and multiple arrayed semiconductor cooling chips (1403) installed on the side wall of the inner box (1402).

5. The adaptive thermal management system for fuel cells in hybrid vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor cooling chip (1403) is located in the cavity between the outer casing (1401) and the inner casing (1402), and the cavity is connected to the air conditioning system through a pipe.

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