Early warning method and system for power grid digital security network

Abstract

The application provides a power grid digital security network early warning method and system. The power grid digital security network early warning method obtains device control instructions, power supply network topology and current power supply state data of a power distribution network, inputs the device control instructions, power supply network topology and current power supply state data into a power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data of the power distribution network, collects power supply state data of the power distribution network after the device control instructions are executed to obtain collected data of the power distribution network, and determines a first early warning strategy of the power grid digital security network according to data differences between the collected data and the predicted data. The application can early warn potential faults or risks when the power distribution network is threatened by network security or has physical system risks, and has the effect of protecting the power distribution network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power distribution network technology, and in particular to early warning methods and systems for digital security networks of power grids. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of power distribution networks, their digitalization, networking, and intelligence levels are constantly improving. At the same time, as a powerful power supply network, the power distribution network also faces increasingly severe cybersecurity threats (such as hacker attacks, malware, and data tampering) and physical system risks (such as equipment failures, cascading effects, and fluctuations in renewable energy sources).

[0003] In related technologies, the methods for ensuring the safety of power distribution networks typically involve independent data status monitoring or operational status monitoring of individual power supply equipment or load equipment. This approach cannot meet the need for early warning of potential faults or risks. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the early warning methods for digital security networks in power grids within these related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, this application provides an early warning method and system for a digital security network for power grids to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an early warning method for a digital security network of a power grid is provided. The method includes: acquiring equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of a distribution network; inputting the equipment control commands, the power supply network topology, and the current power supply status data into a power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data for the distribution network; the model parameters in the power grid simulation model are determined by historical time-series data; the historical time-series data includes load time-series data and output time-series data; and, after the equipment control commands are executed, collecting power supply status data of the distribution network to obtain collected data for the distribution network; and determining a first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data.

[0006] In one embodiment of this application, if the data differences include current differences, voltage differences, temperature differences, and power differences among various device nodes, the process of determining a first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid based on the data differences between the collected data and the predicted data includes: using the power supply network topology of the distribution network after the execution of the device control command as the updated power supply network topology; if any one of the data differences is greater than a first preset difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to use the device node corresponding to the data difference greater than the first preset difference threshold as a power supply risk device node, and determine the associated device node of the power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology, denoted as the first associated device node, and perform risk warning on the status data of the power supply risk device node and the status data of the first associated device node; if all the data differences are less than or equal to the first preset difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to determine that there is no power supply risk device node in the distribution network, and redetermine the power supply path of the electrical equipment based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data and the updated power supply network topology, and perform risk warning on the redetermined power supply path.

[0007] In one embodiment of this application, the process of determining the associated device nodes of the power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology includes: obtaining the communication network topology of the distribution network; designating the device that collects power supply status data of the power supply risk device node as the communication risk device node; determining the associated device node of the communication risk device node according to the communication network topology, denoted as the second associated device node; the communication network topology consists of a data acquisition device, a data processing device, and a control device; the data acquisition device is used to collect power supply status data of the distribution network; designating the power supply risk device node as the source power supply device node, and designating the device nodes in the updated power supply network topology that have a connection relationship with the source power supply device node as primary power supply risk device nodes; updating the source power supply device node through the primary power supply risk device node, and determining the associated device node of the updated source power supply device node according to the updated network topology, designated as the secondary power supply risk device node; and designating the primary power supply risk device node and the secondary power supply risk device node as the first associated device node.

[0008] In one embodiment of this application, the process of providing risk warning for the status data of the power supply risk device node and the status data of the first associated device node includes: acquiring real-time power supply status data and power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node, real-time power supply status data and power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node, communication status data of the communication risk device node, and communication status data of the second associated device node; the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node and the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node are both acquired by the acquisition device; the power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node is obtained by transmitting the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node in the communication network topology; the power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node is obtained by transmitting the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node in the communication network topology. The power distribution network is determined to have operational risks if the real-time power status data of the power supply risk device node exceeds a preset power status data range, or if the real-time power status data of the first associated device node exceeds the preset power status data range; if the communication status data of the communication risk device node exceeds a preset communication status data range, or if the communication status data of the second associated device node exceeds the preset communication status data range; if the difference between the real-time power status data of the power supply risk device node and the power status transmission data of the power supply risk device node is greater than a second preset difference threshold, or if the difference between the real-time power status data of the first associated device node and the power status transmission data of the first associated device node is greater than the second preset difference threshold, then the power distribution network is determined to have operational risks.

[0009] In one embodiment of this application, the process of re-determining the power supply path of the electrical device based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data, and the updated power supply network topology, includes: obtaining the length of each power supply path in the updated power supply network topology; calculating the path weight of each power supply path based on the sum of data changes of the head device nodes in each power supply path, the sum of data changes of the tail device nodes in each power supply path, and the length of each power supply path; determining the head device nodes and tail device nodes of each power supply path by the current flow direction of each power supply path; and updating the current power supply path of the electrical device according to the path weight of each power supply path to obtain the re-determined power supply path.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, the process of risk warning for a redefined power supply path includes: acquiring data changes for each device node in the redefined power supply path; the data changes are determined by the collected data and updated data; the updated data is obtained by inputting the collected data, the updated power supply network topology, and the path switching instruction into the power grid simulation model; the path switching instruction is used to characterize the power supply path of the electrical equipment switching from the current power supply path to the redefined power supply path; based on the data changes of each device node in the redefined power supply path, determining the data changes of the power generation equipment, the data changes of the transformer equipment, the data changes of the transmission equipment, and the data changes of the electrical equipment in the redefined power supply path; and based on the length of the redefined power supply path and the scoring weight of the redefined power supply path length, the data changes of the power generation equipment, and the data changes of the electrical equipment... The scoring of the redefined power supply path is obtained by considering the scoring weights of the electrical equipment, the data changes and scoring weights of the substation equipment, the data changes and scoring weights of the transmission equipment, and the data changes and scoring weights of the power consumption equipment. The scoring weight of the length of the redefined power supply path is negatively correlated with the length change of the redefined power supply path. The scoring weights of the power generation equipment, substation equipment, transmission equipment, and power consumption equipment are determined by the data changes of the power generation equipment, the substation equipment, and the power consumption equipment. Based on the comparison between the scoring of the redefined power supply path and a preset scoring threshold, a second early warning strategy for risk warning of the redefined power supply path is determined.

[0011] In one embodiment of this application, the process of determining a second early warning strategy for risk warning of the re-determined power supply path based on the comparison result of the score of the re-determined power supply path and a preset score threshold includes: if the score of the re-determined power supply path is greater than or equal to the preset score threshold, then the second early warning strategy is not to issue a risk warning for the re-determined power supply path; if the score of the re-determined power supply path is less than the preset score threshold, then the second early warning strategy is to issue a risk warning for the re-determined power supply path.

[0012] In one embodiment of this application, if the power grid simulation model includes a power flow calculation module and a thermal balance calculation module, the process of inputting the device control command, the power supply network topology, and the current power supply status data into the power grid simulation model to obtain the predicted data of the distribution network includes: using the power supply network topology of the distribution network after the device control command is executed as the updated power supply network topology; inputting the updated power supply network topology and the current power supply status data into the power flow calculation module to obtain the voltage data, current data, and power data of each device node in the distribution network; obtaining the ambient temperature; inputting the ambient temperature, the voltage data, current data, and power data of each device node in the distribution network into the thermal balance calculation module to obtain the temperature data of each device node in the distribution network; and using the voltage data, current data, power data, and temperature data of each device node in the distribution network as the predicted data of the distribution network.

[0013] In one embodiment of this application, before acquiring the current power supply status data, the method further includes: collecting the current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the power distribution network; and using the current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the power distribution network as the current power supply status data.

[0014] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an early warning system for a digital security network of a power grid is provided, comprising: a first data acquisition module, configured to acquire equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of a distribution network; a data prediction module, configured to input the equipment control commands, the power supply network topology, and the current power supply status data into a power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data of the distribution network; the model parameters in the power grid simulation model are determined by historical time-series data; the historical time-series data includes: load time-series data and output time-series data; a second data acquisition module, configured to acquire power supply status data of the distribution network after the equipment control commands are executed to obtain acquired data of the distribution network; and an early warning strategy determination module, configured to determine a first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid based on the data difference between the acquired data and the predicted data.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application obtains equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the distribution network. These data are then input into a power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data for the distribution network. Furthermore, after the equipment control commands are executed, power supply status data of the distribution network is collected to obtain collected data. Based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data, a first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid is determined. This process, through simulation of the power grid's operating status to obtain predicted data for the distribution network, and by comparing the predicted data with the collected data, determines the first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid. This can provide early warning of potential faults or risks when the distribution network is threatened by network security or has physical system risks, thus providing security protection for the distribution network.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary system architecture as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the early warning method for a digital security network for power grids, as shown in this application. Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating an early warning system for a digital security network of a power grid, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an early warning system for a digital security network of a power grid, as shown in another exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0019] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0020] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary system architecture as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the system architecture may include a storage device 101 and an early warning system 102 for the digital safety network of the power grid. The early warning system 102 can be at least one of a desktop graphics processing unit (GPU) computer, a GPU computing cluster, or a neural network computer. Those skilled in the art can use this early warning system 102 to acquire equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the distribution network; input these data into a power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data for the distribution network; and, after the equipment control commands are executed, collect power supply status data of the distribution network to obtain collected data. Based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data, a first early warning strategy for the digital safety network of the power grid is determined. The storage device 101 stores the equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the distribution network and provides them to the early warning system 102 for processing.

[0023] The implementation details of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described in detail below: Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of an early warning method for a digital security network for power grids, as shown in this application. (Refer to...) Figure 2 As shown, the early warning method for the digital security network of the power grid includes at least steps S210 to S240, which are described in detail below: In step S210, the equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the distribution network are acquired. In one embodiment of this application, the equipment control commands include load equipment start-up commands, load equipment stop-up commands, a line start-up command, a transformer stop-up command, etc. The power supply network topology refers to a set of information describing the connection relationships and electrical status of various devices (such as buses, lines, switches, transformers, etc.) in the distribution network. Bus information includes a unique identifier, voltage level (e.g., 110kV, 10kV), geographical location, node type (e.g., load node, voltage control node), etc. Transmission / distribution line information includes the starting equipment node number, the ending equipment node number, and the current power supply status data. The system includes parameters such as gas parameters, transformer information (including high-voltage side equipment node number, medium-voltage side equipment node number, low-voltage side equipment node number, rated capacity, rated voltage, short-circuit impedance, etc.), reactor information (including connected equipment node number, rated capacity, rated capacitive reactance, etc.), capacitor information (including connected equipment node number, rated capacity, rated capacitive reactance, etc.), and switchgear information (including circuit breaker number, disconnector switch number, load switch number, circuit breaker connected equipment node number, disconnector connected equipment node number, load switch connected equipment node number, circuit breaker open / closed status, disconnector open / closed status, load switch open / closed status, etc.). Current power supply status data includes the current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the distribution network.

[0024] In step S220, the equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data are input into the power grid simulation model to obtain the predicted data of the distribution network. In one embodiment of this application, the model parameters in the power grid simulation model are determined by historical time-series data; the historical time-series data includes: load time-series data and output time-series data; the model parameters in the power grid simulation model include load model parameters, generator model parameters, line model parameters, transformer model parameters, etc. The process of determining the load model parameters through load time-series data includes: preprocessing the load time-series data to obtain preprocessed load time-series data; the preprocessing process includes: noise filtering, missing value detection, outlier detection, missing value filling, data normalization, etc.; fitting the load voltage data and the preprocessed load time-series data to obtain the load model parameters; the load voltage data refers to the effective value of the voltage data of the target load point in the distribution network. The process of determining generator model parameters using power output time-series data includes: preprocessing the power output time-series data to obtain preprocessed power output time-series data; the preprocessing process includes: noise filtering, missing value detection, outlier detection, missing value imputation, data normalization, etc.; estimating the preprocessed power output time-series data to obtain generator model parameters. Methods for estimating the preprocessed power output time-series data include: frequency domain methods and time domain methods. The process of determining line model parameters using historical power flow data includes: using the voltage and power at the beginning and end of the line as historical power flow data; preprocessing the historical power flow data; calculating the line impedance using the preprocessed historical power flow data; and using the average impedance as the line model parameters. The process of determining transformer model parameters using historical power flow data can be referenced in related technologies, and will not be elaborated here.

[0025] In step S230, after the device control command is executed, the power supply status data of the distribution network is collected to obtain the collected data of the distribution network. In one embodiment of this application, the power supply status data of each device node in the distribution network includes voltage data, current data, power data, temperature data, etc. Voltage data is collected by a voltage sensor, current data is collected by a current sensor, power data is calculated based on current data and voltage data, and temperature data is collected by a temperature sensor.

[0026] In step S240, a first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid is determined based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data. In one embodiment of this application, the predicted data of the distribution network is obtained by simulating the power grid operation status, and the predicted data of the distribution network is compared with the collected data of the distribution network to determine the first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid. This strategy can provide early warning of potential faults or risks when the distribution network is threatened by network security or has physical system risks, thus playing a role in protecting the distribution network.

[0027] In one embodiment of this application, if the data differences include: current differences, voltage differences, temperature differences, and power differences among various device nodes, then the process of determining the first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid based on the data differences between the collected data and the predicted data includes: After the equipment control command is executed, the power supply network topology of the distribution network will be updated accordingly. In one embodiment of this application, the equipment control command includes a load equipment start-up command, a load equipment stop-operation command, a line start-up command, a transformer stop-operation command, etc. After the equipment control command is executed, the power supply network topology of the distribution network will change accordingly.

[0028] If any data difference exceeds a first preset difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to designate the device node corresponding to the data difference exceeding the first preset difference threshold as a power supply risk device node, determine the associated device node of the power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology, denoted as the first associated device node, and issue a risk warning for the status data of the power supply risk device node and the status data of the first associated device node. In one embodiment of this application, the first preset difference threshold includes: a first preset current difference threshold, a first preset voltage difference threshold, a first preset temperature difference threshold, and a first preset power difference threshold. If the current difference in the data difference exceeds the first preset current difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to designate the device node corresponding to the current data difference exceeding the first preset current difference threshold as a power supply risk device node, and determine the associated device node of the power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology; if the voltage difference in the data difference exceeds the first preset voltage difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to designate the device node corresponding to the voltage data difference exceeding the first preset voltage difference threshold as a power supply risk device node. The system identifies the associated device nodes of the power supply risk device nodes from the updated power supply network topology. If the temperature difference in the data differences is greater than a first preset temperature difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to identify the device nodes corresponding to the temperature data differences greater than the first preset temperature difference threshold as power supply risk device nodes and identify the associated device nodes of the power supply risk device nodes from the updated power supply network topology. Alternatively, if the power difference in the data differences is greater than a first preset power difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to identify the device nodes corresponding to the power data differences greater than the first preset power difference threshold as power supply risk device nodes and identify the associated device nodes of the power supply risk device nodes from the updated power supply network topology.

[0029] If all items in the data difference are less than or equal to a first preset difference threshold, the first early warning strategy is to determine that there are no power supply risk equipment nodes in the distribution network, update the power supply network topology based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data, redetermine the power supply path of the electrical equipment, and issue a risk warning for the redetermined power supply path. In one embodiment of this application, "all items in the data difference are less than or equal to the first preset difference threshold" means that the current difference in the data difference is less than or equal to the first preset current difference threshold, the voltage difference in the data difference is less than or equal to the first preset voltage difference threshold, the temperature difference in the data difference is less than or equal to the first preset temperature difference threshold, and the power difference in the data difference is less than or equal to the first preset power difference threshold.

[0030] In one embodiment of this application, the process of determining the associated device nodes of a power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology includes: The communication network topology of the power distribution network is obtained; devices that collect power supply status data from power supply risk device nodes are designated as communication risk device nodes; based on the communication network topology, associated device nodes of the communication risk device nodes are determined and denoted as the second associated device node. In one embodiment of this application, the communication network topology consists of acquisition devices, data processing devices, and control devices; the acquisition devices are used to collect power supply status data of the power distribution network; the acquisition devices include current sensors, voltage sensors, and temperature sensors, etc.; the data processing devices are used to process the communication data to obtain processing results; and the control devices are used to generate control commands based on the processing results. The communication network topology includes: acquisition device numbers, data processing device numbers, control device numbers, and the connection relationships between the acquisition devices, data processing devices, and control devices, etc. Based on the communication network topology, the process of determining the associated device nodes of a communication risk device node includes: taking the communication risk device node as the source communication device node, taking the device nodes connected to the source communication device node as first-level communication risk device nodes; taking the device nodes connected to the first-level communication risk device nodes (excluding the source communication node) as second-level communication risk device nodes, repeating the above process until the last-level communication risk device node has no connected device nodes (excluding the already recorded communication risk device nodes and the source communication device node), and taking all communication risk device nodes as second-level associated device nodes.

[0031] The process of determining the associated device nodes of the updated source power supply node based on the updated network topology includes: designating device nodes with a connection to the updated source power supply node as source power supply node, and designating device nodes connected to the source power supply node in the updated power supply network topology as primary power supply risk device nodes; updating the source power supply node using the primary power supply risk device nodes, and determining the associated device nodes of the updated source power supply node as secondary power supply risk device nodes based on the updated network topology; and designating the primary and secondary power supply risk device nodes as first associated device nodes. In one embodiment of this application, the process of determining the associated device nodes of the updated source power supply node based on the updated network topology includes: designating device nodes connected to the updated source power supply node as first target power supply risk device nodes (excluding source power supply node); designating device nodes connected to the first target power supply risk device node as second target power supply risk device nodes (excluding primary power supply risk device nodes), and repeating the above process until the final target power supply risk device node has no connected device nodes (excluding already recorded power supply risk device nodes and source power supply node).

[0032] In one embodiment of this application, the process of providing risk warning based on the status data of power supply risk device nodes and the status data of the first associated device node includes: The system acquires real-time power supply status data and power supply status transmission data of power supply risk device nodes, real-time power supply status data and power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node, and communication status data of the communication risk device node and the second associated device node. In one embodiment of this application, the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node and the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node are both acquired by acquisition devices; the power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node is obtained by transmitting the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node in the communication network topology; the power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node is obtained by transmitting the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node in the communication network topology; the acquisition devices include: current sensors, voltage sensors, temperature sensors, etc.

[0033] If the real-time power supply status data of a power supply risk device node exceeds a preset power supply status data range, or if the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node exceeds a preset power supply status data range, then the distribution network is determined to have an operational risk. In one embodiment of this application, the real-time power supply status data includes: real-time current data, real-time voltage data, real-time temperature data, and real-time power data, wherein the real-time power data is calculated based on the real-time current data and real-time voltage data. The preset power supply status data range includes: preset current data range, preset voltage data range, preset temperature data range, preset power data range, etc., and the preset current data range, preset voltage data range, preset temperature data range, and preset power data range are all determined according to actual conditions. The real-time power supply status data of a power supply risk device node exceeding the preset power supply status data range includes at least one of the following situations: the real-time current data of the power supply risk device node exceeds the preset current data range, the real-time voltage data of the power supply risk device node exceeds the preset voltage data range, the real-time temperature data of the power supply risk device node exceeds the preset temperature data range, and the real-time power data of the power supply risk device node exceeds the preset power data range. The real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node exceeding the preset power supply status data range includes at least one of the following situations: the real-time current data of the first associated device node exceeding the preset current data range, the real-time voltage data of the first associated device node exceeding the preset voltage data range, the real-time temperature data of the first associated device node exceeding the preset temperature data range, and the real-time power data of the first associated device node exceeding the preset power data range.

[0034] If the communication status data of a communication risk device node exceeds a preset communication status data range, or if the communication status data of a second associated device node exceeds a preset communication status data range, then the power distribution network is determined to have an operational risk. In one embodiment of this application, the communication status data includes: the transmission delay of data packets from the sending end to the receiving end, the data packet input / output flow rate of the device port, etc. The preset communication status data range includes: a preset end-to-end transmission delay range, a preset data packet input / output flow rate range, etc. The communication status data of the second associated device node exceeding the preset communication status data range includes at least one of the following: the transmission delay of data packets from the sending end to the receiving end of the second associated device node exceeds the preset end-to-end transmission delay range, or the data packet input / output flow rate of the device port of the second associated device node exceeds the preset data packet input / output flow rate range. The communication status data of a communication risk device node exceeding the preset communication status data range includes at least one of the following: the transmission delay of data packets from the sending end to the receiving end of the communication risk device node exceeds the preset end-to-end transmission delay range, or the data packet input / output flow rate of the device port of the communication risk device node exceeds the preset data packet input / output flow rate range.

[0035] If the difference between the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node and the power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node is greater than a second preset difference threshold, or if the difference between the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node and the power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node is greater than the second preset difference threshold, then it is determined that there is an operational risk in the distribution network. In one embodiment of this application, the second preset difference threshold includes: a preset current data difference threshold, a preset voltage data difference threshold, a preset temperature data difference threshold, and a preset power data difference threshold. The preset current data difference threshold, preset voltage data difference threshold, preset temperature data difference threshold, and preset power data difference threshold are all set according to actual conditions. The difference between the real-time power supply status data and the power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node being greater than a second preset difference threshold includes at least one of the following situations: the difference between the real-time current data and the real-time current transmission data of the power supply risk device node being greater than a preset current data difference threshold; the difference between the real-time voltage data and the real-time voltage transmission data of the power supply risk device node being greater than a preset voltage data difference threshold; the difference between the real-time temperature data and the real-time temperature transmission data of the power supply risk device node being greater than a preset temperature data difference threshold; and the difference between the real-time power data and the real-time power transmission data of the power supply risk device node being greater than a preset power data difference threshold. The difference between the real-time power supply status data and the power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node being greater than a second preset difference threshold includes at least one of the following situations: the difference between the real-time current data and the real-time current transmission data of the first associated device node being greater than a preset current data difference threshold; the difference between the real-time voltage data and the real-time voltage transmission data of the first associated device node being greater than a preset voltage data difference threshold; the difference between the real-time temperature data and the real-time temperature transmission data of the first associated device node being greater than a preset temperature data difference threshold; and the difference between the real-time power data and the real-time power transmission data of the first associated device node being greater than a preset power data difference threshold.

[0036] In one embodiment of this application, after identifying the power supply risk device node, the power supply status data of the power supply risk device node and the power supply status data of the first associated device node are monitored in the power supply network topology. This facilitates real-time risk assessment and security protection of the power supply network topology. Furthermore, in the communication network topology, the communication status data of the communication risk device node and the second associated device node are monitored. This facilitates real-time risk assessment and security protection of the communication network topology. By comparing the real-time status data in the power supply network topology with the power supply status transmission data in the communication network topology, multiple risk assessments and security protections of the distribution network are achieved.

[0037] In one embodiment of this application, the process of re-determining the power supply path for electrical equipment by updating the power supply network topology based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data includes: Obtain the length of each power supply path in the updated power supply network topology. In one embodiment of this application, in updating the power supply network topology, each device node is considered as a node, and the connection relationship between each node is considered as a power supply path. Each power supply path has a path length.

[0038] The path weight of each power supply path is calculated based on the sum of data changes at the head node, the sum of data changes at the tail node, and the length of each power supply path. In one embodiment of this application, the head and tail nodes of each power supply path are determined by the current flow direction of each power supply path; the sum of data changes includes: current data changes, voltage data changes, temperature data changes, power data changes, etc. The formula for calculating the path weight of each power supply path is as follows: Equation (1) in, Indicates the first The path weight of each electron supply path Indicates the first The sum of data changes at the head device nodes in each electronic supply path. Indicates the first The sum of data changes at the tail device nodes in each electronic supply path. Indicates the first Each electron path length, This represents an adjustment coefficient indicating the sum of data changes at the head device nodes in the electronic supply path. The adjustment coefficient represents the sum of data changes at the tail device nodes in the electronic supply path. The adjustment coefficient represents the length of the electronic supply path. The sum of the adjustment coefficients for the total data changes of the head device nodes, the total data changes of the tail device nodes, and the length of the electronic supply path is 1. The smaller the path weight of the electronic supply path, the greater the probability that the electronic supply path will be selected.

[0039] Based on the path weight of each power supply path, the current power supply path of the electrical equipment is updated to obtain a redefined power supply path. In one embodiment of this application, the path weight of each power supply path is used as the path weight in the initial state, and the set of power generation equipment, the set of power transformation equipment, and the set of power transmission equipment for the electrical equipment are obtained. The rated current, rated power, and rated voltage of the power generation equipment, the rated current, rated power, and rated voltage of the power transformation equipment, the rated current, rated power, and rated voltage of the power transmission equipment, and the rated current, rated power, and rated voltage of the electrical equipment are configured. A power generation equipment is selected from the set of power generation equipment as the initial node, and the electrical equipment is selected as the destination node. A power supply path is selected based on the path weight in the initial state. After selecting the power supply path, the current, power, and voltage of the head device node of the selected power supply path, and whether the current, power, and voltage of the tail device node of the selected power supply path are all... If the rated limiting conditions are met, and it is determined that the current, power, and voltage of the head device node and the tail device node of the selected electronic supply path all meet the rated limiting conditions, the selected electronic supply path is retained, and an electronic supply path is selected again until the target node is reached. If it is determined that the current, power, and voltage of the head device node or the tail device node of the selected electronic supply path do not meet the rated limiting conditions, the selected electronic supply path is deleted, and a new electronic supply path is selected until the current, power, and voltage of the head device node and the tail device node of the new electronic supply path all meet the rated limiting conditions. The rated limiting conditions include: the current of the head device node of the reselected electron supply path is less than or equal to the rated current, the power of the head device node is less than or equal to the rated power, and the voltage of the head device node is less than or equal to the rated voltage; and the current of the tail device node of the reselected electron supply path is less than or equal to the rated current, the power of the head device node is less than or equal to the rated power, and the voltage of the head device node is less than or equal to the rated voltage.

[0040] In one embodiment of this application, the above-mentioned path update method can reduce the current changes, voltage changes, and power changes caused during the path update process, and reduce the path length, which is beneficial to reduce electromagnetic interference, suppress frequency fluctuations, reduce thermal stress, and thus improve the stability, efficiency and safety of the power distribution network.

[0041] In one embodiment of this application, the process of providing risk warning for the redefined power supply path includes: The data changes for each device node in the redefined power supply path are obtained. In one embodiment of this application, the data changes are determined by collected data and updated data. The updated data is obtained by inputting the collected data, the updated power supply network topology, and the path switching command into the power grid simulation model; the path switching command is used to characterize the power supply path of the electrical equipment switching from the current power supply path to the redefined power supply path. The data changes include changes in current data, voltage data, power data, and temperature data. Current data changes include changes in current data values ​​and fluctuations in current values, where a positive current value indicates an increase in current, and a negative current value indicates a decrease in current. Voltage data changes include changes in voltage data values ​​and fluctuations in voltage values, where a positive voltage value indicates an increase in voltage, and a negative voltage value indicates a decrease in voltage. Power data changes include changes in power data values ​​and fluctuations in power values, where a positive power value indicates an increase in power, and a negative power value indicates a decrease in power. Temperature data changes include changes in temperature data values ​​and fluctuations in temperature values, where a positive temperature value indicates an increase in temperature, and a negative temperature value indicates a decrease in temperature. The updated data includes voltage, current, power, and temperature data for each device node in the distribution network. Data changes are used to characterize the process of changing from collected data to updated data, and the difference between the updated data and the collected data.

[0042] Based on the data changes of each device node in the redefined power supply path, the data changes of power generation equipment, power transformation equipment, power transmission equipment, and power consumption equipment in the redefined power supply path are determined. In one embodiment of this application, power generation equipment includes generators, wind turbine generator sets, etc.; power transformation equipment includes step-up transformers, step-down transformers, etc.; power transmission equipment includes overhead lines, power cables, etc.; and power consumption equipment includes lights, air conditioners, refrigerators, motors, etc.

[0043] Based on the redefined power supply path length and its scoring weight, the data changes of the power generation equipment and their scoring weights, the data changes of the transformer equipment and their scoring weights, the data changes of the transmission equipment and their scoring weights, and the data changes of the power consumption equipment and their scoring weights, a score for the redefined power supply path is obtained. In one embodiment of this application, the scoring weight of the redefined power supply path length is negatively correlated with the change in the length of the redefined power supply path; the scoring weight of the power generation equipment is determined by the data changes of the power generation equipment; the scoring weight of the transformer equipment is determined by the data changes of the transformer equipment; the scoring weight of the transmission equipment is determined by the data changes of the transmission equipment; the scoring weight of the power consumption equipment is determined by the data changes of the power consumption equipment; the process of determining the scoring weight of the transformer equipment based on the data changes of the power generation equipment includes: if the data change value of the power generation equipment is positive, then the scoring weight of the power generation equipment is set as a first power generation equipment scoring weight; if the data change value of the power generation equipment is negative, then the scoring weight of the power generation equipment is set as a second power generation equipment scoring weight, the second power generation equipment scoring weight being greater than the first power generation equipment scoring weight; if the data change value of the transformer equipment is positive, then the scoring weight of the transformer equipment is set as a second power generation equipment scoring weight, the second power generation equipment scoring weight being greater than the first power generation equipment scoring weight; if the data change value of the transformer equipment is positive, then the scoring weight of the transformer equipment is set as a third power generation equipment scoring weight. The scoring weights for electrical equipment are set as follows: First, the scoring weight for the electrical equipment is set. If the data change value of the electrical equipment is negative, the scoring weight for the electrical equipment is set as Second, and the Second scoring weight for the electrical equipment is greater than the First scoring weight. Similarly, if the data change value of the transmission equipment is positive, the scoring weight for the transmission equipment is set as First, and if the data change value of the transmission equipment is negative, the scoring weight for the transmission equipment is set as Second, and the Second scoring weight for the transmission equipment is greater than the First scoring weight. The data change value for power generation equipment is the sum of the changes in current, voltage, power, and temperature data; the data change value for transmission equipment is the sum of the changes in current, voltage, power, and temperature data; the data change value for transformer equipment is the sum of the changes in current, voltage, power, and temperature data; and the data change value for power consumption equipment is the sum of the changes in current, voltage, power, and temperature data. The formula for calculating the score of the redefined power supply path is as follows: Equation (2) in, The score represents the redefined power supply path. This indicates the length of the newly determined power supply path. The scoring weight represents the length of the redefined power supply path. This represents the data change value of the power generation equipment. This indicates the scoring weight of the power generation equipment. This represents the data change value of the power transmission equipment. This indicates the scoring weight of the power transmission equipment. This represents the data change value of the power equipment. This indicates the scoring weight of the power equipment. This represents the data change value of electrical equipment. This indicates the scoring weight of the electrical equipment.

[0044] Based on the comparison between the score of the re-determined power supply path and the preset score threshold, a second early warning strategy is determined to provide risk warnings for the re-determined power supply path. In one embodiment of this application, the preset score threshold is set according to the actual situation. The power supply path is re-determined from the perspective of reducing the load on the distribution network. The second early warning strategy further provides early warnings of the risks of the re-determined power supply path, thereby judging the availability of the re-determined power supply path, further reducing the risks brought to the distribution network by power supply path switching, which is conducive to reducing the load on the distribution network and improving the safety protection of the distribution network.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, the process of determining a second early warning strategy for risk warning of the redefined power supply path based on the comparison result between the score of the redefined power supply path and a preset score threshold includes: If the score of the re-determined power supply path is greater than or equal to a preset score threshold, the second early warning strategy is not to issue a risk warning for the re-determined power supply path. In one embodiment of this application, if the score of the re-determined power supply path is greater than or equal to a preset score threshold, it indicates that the probability of the re-determined power supply path significantly increasing the load on the distribution network is low, and it can be used.

[0046] If the score of the re-determined power supply path is less than a preset score threshold, the second early warning strategy is to issue a risk warning for the re-determined power supply path. In one embodiment of this application, if the score of the re-determined power supply path is less than the preset score threshold, it indicates that the newly determined power supply path has a high probability of significantly increasing the load on the distribution network and is therefore unusable.

[0047] In one embodiment of this application, if the power grid simulation model includes a power flow calculation module and a thermal balance calculation module, then the process of inputting equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data into the power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data for the distribution network includes: After the equipment control command is executed, the power supply network topology of the distribution network will be updated accordingly. In one embodiment of this application, the equipment control command includes a load equipment start-up command, a load equipment stop-operation command, a line start-up command, a transformer stop-operation command, etc. After the equipment control command is executed, the power supply network topology of the distribution network will change accordingly.

[0048] The updated power supply network topology and current power supply status data are input into the power flow calculation module to obtain voltage, current, and power data for each device node in the distribution network. In one embodiment of this application, the voltage equations for each device node are as follows: Equation (3) in, This represents the column vector of injected current for each device node (composed of the current of each device node). Represents the nodal admittance matrix. This represents the voltage column vector of each device node.

[0049] The pre-arranged active power balance equations in the power flow calculation module are shown below: Equation (4) in, Indicates the first The active power of each device node. Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the relationship with the first The number of device nodes with interconnected relationships is determined by updating the power supply network topology. Represents the th node in the admittance matrix The device node and the first Inter-device conduction between individual device nodes Represents the th node in the admittance matrix The device node and the first Inter-device power supply Indicates the first The voltage phase angle of the first device node is related to the first... The difference in voltage phase angle between each device node.

[0050] The pre-arranged reactive power balance equations in the power flow calculation module are shown below: Equation (5) in, Indicates the first Reactive power of each device node Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the relationship with the first The number of device nodes with interconnected relationships is determined by updating the power supply network topology. Represents the th node in the admittance matrix The device node and the first Inter-device conduction between individual device nodes Represents the th node in the admittance matrix The device node and the first Interconnection between device nodes Indicates the first The voltage phase angle of the first device node is related to the first... The difference in voltage phase angle between each device node.

[0051] The pre-arranged line power transfer equations in the power flow calculation module are shown below: Equation (6) in, Indicates the first The device node and the first Line power flow between device nodes Indicates the first The current voltage of each device node. Indicates the first The device node and the first The conjugate of the line current between each device node. Indicates the first The conjugate of the voltage of each device node Indicates the first The conjugate of the voltage of each device node Indicates the first The device node and the first The conjugate of line admittance between individual device nodes.

[0052] Equation (7) in, Indicates the first The device node and the first Line power flow between device nodes Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first The device node and the first The conjugate of the line current between each device node. Indicates the first The conjugate of the voltage of each device node Indicates the first The conjugate of the voltage of each device node Indicates the first The device node and the first The conjugate of line admittance between individual device nodes.

[0053] No. The device node and the first The expression for the line admittance between device nodes is as follows: Equation (8) in, Indicates the first The device node and the first Line admittance between device nodes. Indicates the first The device node and the first Line impedance between device nodes Indicates the first The device node and the first The real part of the line impedance between each device node. Indicates the first The device node and the first The imaginary part of the line impedance between each device node.

[0054] Combining formulas (4)-(8), we can obtain the active power equation and the reactive power equation of the line. The active power equation of the line is as follows: Equation (9) in, Indicates the first The device node and the first Active power of the lines between device nodes Indicates the first The device node and the first The real part of the line impedance between each device node. Indicates the first The device node and the first Line impedance between device nodes Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first The voltage phase angle of the first device node is related to the first... The difference in voltage phase angle of each device node, Indicates the first The device node and the first The imaginary part of the line impedance between each device node.

[0055] The reactive power equation of the line is shown below: Equation (10) in, Indicates the first The device node and the first Reactive power of lines between device nodes Indicates the first The device node and the first The real part of the line impedance between each device node. Indicates the first The device node and the first Line impedance between device nodes Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first The voltage phase angle of the first device node is related to the first... The difference in voltage phase angle of each device node, Indicates the first The device node and the first The imaginary part of the line impedance between each device node.

[0056] The formulas for calculating the current of each device node are as follows: Equation (11) in, Indicates the first Injected current of each device node Indicates the first The conjugate of the injected complex power of each device node Indicates the first The conjugate of the voltage of each device node.

[0057] The formulas for calculating the current in each line are as follows: Equation (12) in, Indicates the first The device node and the first Line current between device nodes Indicates the first The device node and the first Line admittance between device nodes. Indicates the first Voltage of each device node Indicates the first The voltage of each device node.

[0058] In one embodiment of this application, the current power supply status data is input into formulas (3)-(12), and formulas (3)-(12) are iteratively solved by an iterative solution algorithm (e.g., Newton-Raphson method or forward-backward substitution method) until the iterative convergence condition is met (e.g., the absolute value of the change in active power is less than the preset accuracy threshold and the absolute value of the change in reactive power is less than the preset accuracy threshold).

[0059] In one embodiment of this application, the voltage, current and power data of each device node in the distribution network are obtained through the above-described solution process, which improves the accuracy and precision of the distribution network simulation, thereby improving the accuracy of early warning for the digital security network of the power grid.

[0060] The ambient temperature, along with voltage, current, and power data of each device node in the power distribution network, are input into the heat balance calculation module to obtain the temperature data of each device node in the power distribution network. In one embodiment of this application, the heat balance calculation module is pre-configured with heat balance calculation equations, the calculation formulas of which are shown below: Equation (13) in, Indicates the first Power loss of each device node Indicates the first The mass of each device node, in kg. Indicates the first The specific heat capacity of each equipment node, expressed in J / (kg·K). Indicates the first Temperature of each device node Indicates time, Indicates the first The convective heat transfer coefficient of each device node, expressed in W / (m²·K), depends on the first device node. The surface characteristics and airflow velocity of each device node Indicates the first The heat dissipation surface area of ​​each device node, in m². Indicates ambient temperature.

[0061] In one embodiment of this application, the power loss calculation formula for a device that uses resistance loss as heat loss is as follows: Equation (14) in, Indicates the first Power loss of each device node Indicates the first Current of each device node Indicates the first The resistance of each device node.

[0062] For equipment that uses resistance loss, iron loss, and dielectric loss as heat loss (e.g., transformers, cables), the formula for calculating power loss is as follows: Equation (15) in, Indicates the first Power loss of each device node Indicates the first Current of each device node Indicates the first The resistance of each device node Indicates copper loss. Indicates iron loss. The dielectric loss, copper loss, iron loss, and dielectric loss can all be obtained by fitting the equipment's factory data or experimental data.

[0063] If the equipment node is a cable joint, the formula for calculating its power loss is as follows: Equation (16) in, Indicates the first Power loss of each device node Indicates the first Current of each device node Indicates the first The resistance of each device node Indicates the first Contact resistance of each device node.

[0064] If the device node is a switching device, then the arc energy needs to be added to the formula (14) to obtain the power loss of the switching device.

[0065] In this embodiment, the temperature of the device node with resistance loss as heat loss is calculated by formulas (13) and (14); the temperature of the device node with resistance loss, iron loss and dielectric loss as heat loss is calculated by formulas (13) and (15); the temperature of the cable joint is calculated by combining formulas (13) and (16); and the temperature of the switching equipment is calculated by formula (13) and the power loss of the switching equipment (resistance loss and arc energy).

[0066] Voltage, current, power, and temperature data from each device node in the distribution network are used as prediction data for the distribution network. In one embodiment of this application, the power flow calculation equation and the heat balance calculation equation are combined during the calculation of the prediction data for the distribution network, thereby improving the accuracy of the prediction data for the distribution network.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, before obtaining the current power supply status data, the method further includes: The system collects the current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the power distribution network. In one embodiment of this application, the current voltage is collected by a voltage sensor, the current current is collected by a current sensor, the current power is calculated from the current voltage and current, and the current temperature is collected by a temperature sensor.

[0068] The current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the power distribution network are used as the current power supply status data. In one embodiment of this application, each device includes power generation equipment, power consumption equipment, power transmission equipment, and power distribution equipment, etc.

[0069] The following describes an embodiment of the apparatus described in this application, which can be used to execute the early warning method for a digital security network of the power grid as described in the above embodiments of this application. For details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of this application, please refer to the embodiments of the early warning method for a digital security network of the power grid described in the above applications.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating an early warning system for a digital security network of a power grid, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the exemplary early warning system 300 for a digital power grid security network includes: The first data acquisition module 301 is used to acquire equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the power distribution network.

[0072] The data prediction module 302 is used to input equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data into the power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data for the distribution network.

[0073] The second data acquisition module 303 is used to acquire power supply status data of the distribution network after the equipment control command is executed, and obtain the acquired data of the distribution network.

[0074] The early warning strategy determination module 304 is used to determine the first early warning strategy of the power grid digital security network based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data.

[0075] In one embodiment of this application, the equipment control commands include load equipment start-up commands, load equipment stop-operation commands, a certain line start-up commands, a certain transformer stop-operation commands, etc. The power supply network topology refers to a set of information describing the connection relationships and electrical states of various devices (such as buses, lines, switches, transformers, etc.) in the power distribution network. Bus information includes a unique identifier, voltage level (e.g., 110kV, 10kV), geographical location, node type (e.g., load node, voltage control node), etc. Transmission / distribution line information includes the starting equipment node number, the ending equipment node number, and the electrical... The system includes parameters such as gas parameters, transformer information (including high-voltage side equipment node number, medium-voltage side equipment node number, low-voltage side equipment node number, rated capacity, rated voltage, short-circuit impedance, etc.), reactor information (including connected equipment node number, rated capacity, rated capacitive reactance, etc.), capacitor information (including connected equipment node number, rated capacity, rated capacitive reactance, etc.), and switchgear information (including circuit breaker number, disconnector switch number, load switch number, circuit breaker connected equipment node number, disconnector connected equipment node number, load switch connected equipment node number, circuit breaker open / closed status, disconnector open / closed status, load switch open / closed status, etc.). Current power supply status data includes the current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the distribution network.

[0076] In one embodiment of this application, the model parameters in the power grid simulation model are determined by historical time-series data. The historical time-series data includes load time-series data and output time-series data. The model parameters in the power grid simulation model include load model parameters, generator model parameters, line model parameters, transformer model parameters, etc. The process of determining the load model parameters using load time-series data includes: preprocessing the load time-series data to obtain preprocessed load time-series data; the preprocessing process includes: noise filtering, missing value detection, outlier detection, missing value imputation, data normalization, etc.; fitting the load voltage data and the preprocessed load time-series data to obtain the load model parameters; the load voltage data refers to the effective value of the voltage data at the target load point in the distribution network. The process of determining the generator model parameters using output time-series data includes: preprocessing the output time-series data to obtain preprocessed output time-series data; the preprocessing process includes: noise filtering, missing value detection, outlier detection, missing value imputation, data normalization, etc.; estimating the preprocessed output time-series data to obtain the generator model parameters. Methods for estimating the preprocessed power output time series data include frequency domain methods and time domain methods. The process of determining line model parameters using historical power flow data includes: using the voltage and power at the beginning and end of the line as historical power flow data; preprocessing the historical power flow data; calculating the line impedance using the preprocessed historical power flow data; and using the average impedance as the line model parameters. The process of determining transformer model parameters using historical power flow data can be found in related technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0077] In one embodiment of this application, the power supply status data of each equipment node in the distribution network includes voltage data, current data, power data, temperature data, etc. The voltage data is collected by a voltage sensor, the current data is collected by a current sensor, the power data is calculated based on the current data and voltage data, and the temperature data is collected by a temperature sensor.

[0078] In one embodiment of this application, the predicted data of the distribution network is obtained by simulating the operation status of the power grid. The predicted data of the distribution network is compared with the collected data of the distribution network to determine the first early warning strategy of the digital security network of the power grid. This strategy can provide early warning of potential faults or risks when the distribution network is threatened by network security or has physical system risks, thus playing a role in protecting the distribution network.

[0079] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an early warning system for a digital security network of a power grid, as shown in another exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 4The early warning system of the digital power grid security network includes: a first data acquisition module, a data prediction module, a second data acquisition module, an early warning strategy determination module, a monitoring module, an alarm module, a path planning module, and a path scoring module. The first data acquisition module acquires equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the distribution network. The data prediction module inputs the equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data into the power grid simulation model to obtain predicted data for the distribution network. The second data acquisition module collects power supply status data of the distribution network after the equipment control commands are executed, obtaining collected data for the distribution network. The early warning strategy determination module determines the first early warning strategy of the digital power grid security network based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data. The monitoring module identifies equipment nodes with data differences exceeding a first preset difference threshold as power supply risk equipment nodes in accordance with the first early warning strategy. The system identifies associated device nodes of power supply risk device nodes from the updated power supply network topology, denoted as the first associated device node, and monitors the status data of the power supply risk device node, the status data of the first associated device node, the communication status data of the communication risk device node, and the communication status data of the second associated device node. The path planning module is used to determine the power supply path of the electrical equipment based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data, and to update the power supply network topology. The path scoring module is used to score the re-determined power supply path. The alarm module is used to issue alarms when the status data of the power supply risk device node, the status data of the first associated device node, the communication status data of the communication risk device node, and the communication status data of the second associated device node are abnormal. It is also used to issue an alarm when the score of the re-determined power supply path is less than a preset scoring threshold.

[0080] It should be noted that the early warning system for the digital security network of the power grid provided in the above embodiments and the early warning method for the digital security network of the power grid provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. The specific ways in which each module and unit performs its operation have been described in detail in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In practical applications, the early warning system for the digital security network of the power grid provided in the above embodiments can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. This is not a limitation here.

[0081] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An early warning method for a digital security network of a power grid, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the power distribution network; The device control commands, the power supply network topology, and the current power supply status data are input into the power grid simulation model to obtain the predicted data of the distribution network. The model parameters in the power grid simulation model are determined by historical time-series data. The historical time-series data includes load time-series data and output time-series data. Furthermore, after the device control command is executed, the power supply status data of the distribution network is collected to obtain the collected data of the distribution network; Based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data, a first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid is determined; If the data differences include: current differences, voltage differences, temperature differences, and power differences among various device nodes, then the process of determining the first early warning strategy for the digital security network of the power grid based on the data differences between the collected data and the predicted data includes: The power supply network topology of the distribution network will be used as the updated power supply network topology after the device control command is executed. If any of the data differences is greater than a first preset difference threshold, the first warning strategy is to identify the device node corresponding to the data difference that is greater than the first preset difference threshold as a power supply risk device node, determine the associated device node of the power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology, and record it as the first associated device node, and issue a risk warning on the status data of the power supply risk device node, the status data of the first associated device node, and the status data of the second associated device node. If all items in the data difference are less than or equal to the first preset difference threshold, then the first early warning strategy is to determine that there are no power supply risk equipment nodes in the distribution network, and to redetermine the power supply path of the electrical equipment based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data and the updated power supply network topology, and to issue a risk warning for the redetermined power supply path. The communication network topology of the power distribution network is obtained; the device that collects power supply status data of the power supply risk device node is designated as the communication risk device node; based on the communication network topology, the associated device node of the communication risk device node is determined and denoted as the second associated device node; the communication network topology consists of acquisition devices, data processing devices, and control devices; the acquisition devices are used to collect power supply status data of the power distribution network; The process of re-determining the power supply path for electrical equipment based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data, and the updated power supply network topology, includes: Obtain the length of each power supply path in the updated power supply network topology; The path weight of each power supply path is calculated based on the total data change of the head device node in each power supply path, the total data change of the tail device node in each power supply path, and the length of each power supply path. The head device node and tail device node of each power supply path are determined by the current flow direction of each power supply path. The current power supply path of the electrical equipment is updated according to the path weight of each power supply path to obtain the newly determined power supply path. In updating the power supply network topology, each device node is treated as a node, and the connection relationship between each node is treated as the power supply path. Based on the length of the redefined power supply path and its scoring weight, the data changes of the power generation equipment and their scoring weight, the data changes of the power transformation equipment and their scoring weight, the data changes of the power transmission equipment and their scoring weight, and the data changes of the power consumption equipment and their scoring weight, a score for the redefined power supply path is obtained. Based on the comparison between the score of the redefined power supply path and a preset scoring threshold, a second early warning strategy for risk warning of the redefined power supply path is determined.

2. The early warning method for a digital power grid security network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the associated device nodes of the power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology further includes: The power supply risk device node is designated as the source power supply device node, and the device nodes in the updated power supply network topology that are connected to the source power supply device node are designated as primary power supply risk device nodes. The source power supply device node is updated through the primary power supply risk device nodes, and the associated device nodes of the updated source power supply device node are determined according to the updated power supply network topology, and designated as secondary power supply risk device nodes. The primary power supply risk device nodes and the secondary power supply risk device nodes are designated as the first associated device nodes.

3. The early warning method for a digital power grid security network according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of providing risk warnings based on the status data of the power supply risk device node and the status data of the first associated device node includes: The system acquires real-time power supply status data and power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node, the first associated device node, the communication status data of the communication risk device node, and the communication status data of the second associated device node. The real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node and the first associated device node are both acquired by the acquisition device. The power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node is obtained by transmitting the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node within the communication network topology. The power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node is also obtained by transmitting the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node within the communication network topology. If the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node exceeds the preset power supply status data range, or if the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node exceeds the preset power supply status data range, then it is determined that the power distribution network has an operational risk. If the communication status data of the communication risk device node exceeds the preset communication status data range, or if the communication status data of the second associated device node exceeds the preset communication status data range, then the power distribution network is determined to have an operational risk. If the difference between the real-time power supply status data of the power supply risk device node and the power supply status transmission data of the power supply risk device node is greater than a second preset difference threshold, or if the difference between the real-time power supply status data of the first associated device node and the power supply status transmission data of the first associated device node is greater than the second preset difference threshold, then the power distribution network is determined to have an operational risk.

4. The early warning method for a digital power grid security network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of issuing risk warnings for the redefined power supply path includes: The data changes of each device node in the redefined power supply path are obtained; the data changes are determined by the collected data and the updated data; the updated data is obtained by inputting the collected data, the updated power supply network topology, and the path switching command into the power grid simulation model; the path switching command is used to indicate that the power supply path of the electrical equipment is switched from the current power supply path to the redefined power supply path; Based on the data changes of each device node in the redefined power supply path, determine the data changes of power generation equipment, power transformation equipment, power transmission equipment, and power consumption equipment in the redefined power supply path; Based on the length of the redefined power supply path and its scoring weight, the data changes of the power generation equipment and their scoring weight, the data changes of the substation equipment and their scoring weight, the data changes of the transmission equipment and their scoring weight, and the data changes of the power consumption equipment and their scoring weight, a score for the redefined power supply path is obtained. The scoring weight of the redefined power supply path length is negatively correlated with the change in the length of the redefined power supply path. The scoring weight of the power generation equipment is determined by the data changes of the power generation equipment, the substation equipment, the transmission equipment, and the power consumption equipment.

5. The early warning method for a digital power grid security network according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of determining a second early warning strategy for the newly determined power supply path based on the comparison between the score of the redefined power supply path and the preset score threshold includes: If the score of the redefined power supply path is greater than or equal to the preset score threshold, then the second warning strategy is not to issue a risk warning for the redefined power supply path. If the score of the redefined power supply path is less than the preset score threshold, the second early warning strategy is to issue a risk warning for the redefined power supply path.

6. The early warning method for a digital security network of a power grid according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, If the power grid simulation model includes a power flow calculation module and a thermal balance calculation module, then the process of inputting the equipment control commands, the power supply network topology, and the current power supply status data into the power grid simulation model to obtain the predicted data of the distribution network includes: The power supply network topology of the distribution network will be used as the updated power supply network topology after the device control command is executed. The updated power supply network topology and the current power supply status data are input into the power flow calculation module to obtain the voltage data, current data and power data of each device node in the distribution network; The ambient temperature, voltage data, current data, and power data of each device node in the power distribution network are obtained and input into the heat balance calculation module to obtain the temperature data of each device node in the power distribution network. The voltage, current, power, and temperature data of each device node in the power distribution network are used as the prediction data for the power distribution network.

7. The early warning method for a digital security network of a power grid according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Before acquiring the current power supply status data, the method further includes: Collect the current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the power distribution network; The current voltage, current current, current power, and current temperature of each device in the power distribution network are used as the current power supply status data.

8. An early warning system for a digital security network of a power grid, characterized in that, include: The first data acquisition module is used to acquire equipment control commands, power supply network topology, and current power supply status data of the power distribution network. The data prediction module is used to input the device control commands, the power supply network topology, and the current power supply status data into the power grid simulation model to obtain the predicted data of the distribution network. The model parameters in the power grid simulation model are determined by historical time-series data; The historical time-series data includes: load time-series data and output time-series data; The second data acquisition module is used to acquire power supply status data of the power distribution network after the device control command is executed, and to obtain the acquired data of the power distribution network. The early warning strategy determination module is used to determine a first early warning strategy for the digital power grid security network based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data. If the data difference includes: current difference, voltage difference, temperature difference, and power difference among various device nodes, the process of determining the first early warning strategy for the digital power grid security network based on the data difference between the collected data and the predicted data includes: The power supply network topology of the distribution network will be used as the updated power supply network topology after the device control command is executed. If any of the data differences is greater than a first preset difference threshold, the first warning strategy is to identify the device node corresponding to the data difference that is greater than the first preset difference threshold as a power supply risk device node, determine the associated device node of the power supply risk device node from the updated power supply network topology, and record it as the first associated device node, and issue a risk warning on the status data of the power supply risk device node, the status data of the first associated device node, and the status data of the second associated device node. If all items in the data difference are less than or equal to the first preset difference threshold, then the first early warning strategy is to determine that there are no power supply risk equipment nodes in the distribution network, and to redetermine the power supply path of the electrical equipment based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data and the updated power supply network topology, and to issue a risk warning for the redetermined power supply path. The communication network topology of the power distribution network is obtained; the device that collects power supply status data of the power supply risk device node is designated as the communication risk device node; based on the communication network topology, the associated device node of the communication risk device node is determined and denoted as the second associated device node; the communication network topology consists of acquisition devices, data processing devices, and control devices; the acquisition devices are used to collect power supply status data of the power distribution network; The process of re-determining the power supply path for electrical equipment based on the data changes between the current power supply status data and the collected data, and the updated power supply network topology, includes: Obtain the length of each power supply path in the updated power supply network topology; The path weight of each power supply path is calculated based on the total data change of the head device node in each power supply path, the total data change of the tail device node in each power supply path, and the length of each power supply path. The head device node and tail device node of each power supply path are determined by the current flow direction of each power supply path. The current power supply path of the electrical equipment is updated according to the path weight of each power supply path to obtain the newly determined power supply path. In updating the power supply network topology, each device node is treated as a node, and the connection relationship between each node is treated as the power supply path. Based on the length of the redefined power supply path and its scoring weight, the data changes of the power generation equipment and their scoring weight, the data changes of the power transformation equipment and their scoring weight, the data changes of the power transmission equipment and their scoring weight, and the data changes of the power consumption equipment and their scoring weight, a score for the redefined power supply path is obtained. Based on the comparison between the score of the redefined power supply path and a preset scoring threshold, a second early warning strategy for risk warning of the redefined power supply path is determined.

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