Ecological restoration structure for steep mine and restoration method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of side slope restoration, in particular to a steep mine ecological restoration structure which comprises a three-dimensional protective net and a plurality of fixing nails, the fixing nails are inserted into the surface of a mountain to fix the three-dimensional protective net, the fixing nails are connected with planting cups for planting plants, and the planting cups are connected with the three-dimensional protective net. The three-dimensional protective net is connected with a drip irrigation system, the drip irrigation system is connected with the planting cup, and the purpose that the recovery effect of a mine slope ecological system is better is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of slope restoration technology, and more specifically, to a structure for ecological restoration of steep mines. Background Technology

[0002] Due to mineral resource development and other reasons, a large number of slope structures with unstable geological structures, poor vegetation coverage, and high soil pollution have emerged in mines. If these slope structures are not treated in a timely and effective manner, they are prone to causing serious geological disasters such as collapses and landslides, as well as environmental pollution such as dust and groundwater contamination. To address this issue, the current ecological restoration methods for slopes in open-pit mines mainly involve covering the slope toe with soil and planting vines on the slope. If water source conditions are good, pre-buried sprinkler pipes are used for maintenance; if water source conditions are poor, manual water trucks are used for maintenance.

[0003] However, after soil and nutrients are lost in mines, plant roots are exposed, plants stagnate or even die, resulting in wasted investment. When the mine has complex terrain, high elevation, many sections, and large elevation differences, the laying of irrigation pipes in the planting areas of the slopes to be ecologically restored is limited, and it is impossible to pre-bury sprinkler pipes for maintenance. At the same time, due to the large elevation differences, the water head of the sprinkler truck is limited, and manual irrigation cannot reach the planting areas. The plants cannot receive and retain natural rainwater, and cannot form a self-sustaining ecosystem. This leads to soil dehydration, clumping, and cracking in the mine. The plant roots in the vegetated areas cannot replenish water in time, and over time the plants grow slowly or wither and die. Overall, the plant growth rate of the project is slow and the survival rate is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To improve the ecological restoration effect of mine slopes, a structure for ecological restoration of steep mines is provided, including a three-dimensional protective net and fixing nails. Multiple fixing nails are provided and inserted into the mountain surface to fix the three-dimensional protective net. Planting cups for planting are connected to the fixing nails. A drip irrigation system is connected to the three-dimensional protective net and the drip irrigation system is connected to the planting cups.

[0005] Through the above technical solutions, the three-dimensional protective netting integrates the steep mine slope into a whole, further stabilizing the land. It is fixed with anchor nails, and planting cups are set on the anchor nails. The plants in the planting cups are drip-irrigated through a drip irrigation system, which reduces the loss of plant nutrients and water, improves the survival rate of plants, and thus makes the restoration of the mine slope ecosystem more effective.

[0006] Optionally, the fixing nail includes an expansion cup filled with a water-retaining agent, and a protective net is provided at the bottom of the expansion cup.

[0007] Directly inserting fixing nails into pre-drilled planting holes can easily lead to the nails loosening due to external influences, causing the three-dimensional protective netting to fall off or the plants in the planting cups to roll off the slope. The above-mentioned technical solution uses expansion cups. When it rains or the plants are watered through a drip irrigation system, the water that seeps into the ground is absorbed by the water-retaining agent. The water-retaining agent expands after absorbing water, squeezing the expansion cups outwards, increasing the friction between the expansion cups and the slope wall, making the expansion cups more firmly fixed to the slope. At the same time, the water-retaining agent absorbs water to provide a water source for plants when they are short of water, allowing them to grow more smoothly.

[0008] Optionally, the expansion cup is provided with a reinforcing rod, which includes an inner rod and an outer rod. One end of the outer rod has a groove, and the inner rod is slidably connected to the groove at the end facing the groove. The outer rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion cup at the end away from the groove, and the inner rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the expansion cup at the end. The circumferential surface of the inner rod has a pin hole, and a locking pin is slidably connected in the pin hole. One end of the locking pin is connected to a pin spring, and the end of the locking pin away from the pin spring is inclined. The circumferential surface of the outer rod has multiple locking holes.

[0009] The water absorbed by the water-retaining agent will gradually be lost through evaporation or plant absorption, causing the water-retaining agent to shrink. If relying solely on the expansion force of the water-retaining agent itself, problems such as the expansion cup shrinking back and the gap between it and the hole wall increasing are likely to occur, leading to the loosening of the fixing pin. With the above technical solution, when the water-retaining agent absorbs water, it causes the expansion cup to expand outward. The expansion cup causes the inner and outer rods to move away from each other, so that the outer rod presses one end of the beveled pin into the pin hole, while compressing the pin spring until the pin is aligned with the next locking hole. The pin spring rebounds, causing the pin to insert into the next locking hole. Even if the water-retaining agent shrinks afterward, the pin is locked in the locking hole, and the expansion cup remains in an expanded state, preventing the expansion cup from loosening its fixation to the slope.

[0010] Optionally, the drip irrigation system includes a water storage tank and drip pipes. The water storage tank is located at the top of the slope, and the water storage tank is connected to the drip pipes. The drip pipes are connected to a three-dimensional protective net and to multiple planting cups.

[0011] Steep slopes and rugged terrain in mines often result in rapid water runoff along the slopes, failing to reach plant roots. Furthermore, water trucks have limited range, and pipe laying is challenging. The aforementioned solution utilizes a slope-top water tank to collect natural rainwater, eliminating the need for additional water pipes and reducing construction difficulty. Drip irrigation pipes, laid along a three-dimensional protective net, precisely target each planting cup, enabling point-to-point drip irrigation. Water slowly seeps into the nutrient-rich soil of the planting troughs, preventing evaporation and runoff, ensuring optimal water absorption by plant roots, and minimizing water waste. Even in water-scarce mining environments, rainwater harvesting can meet the basic water needs of plants, significantly improving vegetation survival rates.

[0012] Optionally, a groove is provided above the expansion cup, through which a drip pipe passes, and a hollow needle is connected below the planting cup, with one end of the hollow needle inserted into the drip pipe and the other end connected to the planting cup.

[0013] Construction space is limited on steep mine slopes, and the connection between the drip irrigation pipe and the planting cup must balance convenience and sealing. The grooved pipe can fix and limit the drip irrigation pipe, preventing it from sliding or shifting along the slope. Using the above technical solution, the drip irrigation pipe passes through the groove above the expansion cup, and then the planting cup is placed on top of the expansion cup. Simultaneously, a hollow syringe is inserted into the drip irrigation pipe. The water pressure inside the drip irrigation pipe forces water into the hollow syringe, which then flows into the planting cup, achieving precise drip irrigation. This facilitates water absorption by the vegetation and improves its survival rate.

[0014] Optionally, the planting cup includes a fixed cup base and a spherical cup body. The fixed cup base can be inserted into the expansion cup, and a spherical cavity is opened above the fixed cup base. The spherical cup body is placed in the spherical cavity. The connection between the spherical cup body and the fixed cup base is a spherical hinge. A planting groove is opened above the spherical cup body. Plants and nutrient soil are placed in the planting groove. The bottom of the planting groove is perforated so that the planting groove communicates with the inside of the expansion cup.

[0015] Steep mine slopes are prone to runoff, and if the planting cups also tilt with the slope, rainwater collection is hindered. The aforementioned technical solution allows the spherical cups to rotate within a fixed base, ensuring the planting trough opening faces upwards. This increases the surface area of ​​the planting cups for receiving rainwater, slowing down runoff and effectively collecting rainwater. This solves the water shortage problem for vegetation maintenance in steep slope ecological restoration due to limited construction space and large elevation differences, automatically storing water and providing support for biological growth. Furthermore, it ensures plants grow upwards and prevents them from being washed away by rainwater.

[0016] Optionally, the spherical cup has a fixing hole inside, a top block slides inside the fixing hole, a rubber pad is provided at one end of the top block, a water-retaining agent is provided inside the fixing hole, and a protective net is provided at the end of the fixing hole near the planting trough to prevent the water-retaining agent from overflowing.

[0017] If the spherical cup is not fixed, it is easily tilted again by rain or its own center of gravity shift, which is not conducive to the plant inside the spherical cup absorbing water. With the above technical solution, after the spherical cup is placed, the plant inside the cup is watered. When the water enters the fixing hole, it is absorbed by the water-retaining agent, causing the water-retaining agent to expand. The water-retaining agent pushes the top block outward from the fixing hole, so that the top block presses against the inner wall of the spherical cavity, thereby fixing the spherical cup to the fixing cup base and keeping the planting groove facing upward.

[0018] Optionally, the planter in the planting cup is a vine.

[0019] Through the above technical solutions, steep mine slopes are exposed and suffer from severe soil erosion. Climbing plants, with their climbing growth characteristics, can quickly spread along the three-dimensional protective netting to cover the slope, forming a dense vegetation cover. On the one hand, this can slow down the erosion of the slope by rainwater and reduce soil loss; on the other hand, it can block direct sunlight, lower the slope temperature, improve the local microclimate, and promote soil microbial activity. At the same time, the root system of the climbing plants is distributed in a network and can penetrate deep into the slope soil and planting holes, forming a synergistic reinforcement effect with the three-dimensional protective netting and fixing nails, further enhancing the stability of the slope, avoiding geological disasters such as collapses and landslides, and accelerating the recovery speed and sustainability of the ecosystem.

[0020] Optionally, the spherical cup body has a U-shaped sliding cavity with a ball sliding inside. A sliding hole is provided at the lowest point of the sliding cavity, connecting the sliding cavity to the outside of the spherical cup body. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the sliding hole, and the end of the sliding rod near the sliding cavity is a smooth curved surface. A second spring is provided on the outer sleeve of the sliding rod. There are two sets of sliding cavities, and two sets of ball, sliding rod, and second spring are provided. The axes of the two sets of sliding rods are perpendicular.

[0021] When constructing on steep mine slopes, operators often struggle to accurately determine whether the planting trench is vertical. The aforementioned technical solution allows the ball bearings to roll within the sliding cavity. When the planting trench is vertical, the ball bearings, under the influence of gravity, roll to the lowest point of the U-shaped sliding cavity and press the sliding rod into the sliding hole. This causes the other end of the sliding rod to press against the inner wall of the spherical cavity, keeping the spherical cup vertical. This also facilitates operators' judgment of whether the planting trench in the spherical cup is vertical. Furthermore, the two sets of sliding rods can simultaneously determine the x-axis and y-axis directions of the spherical cup, allowing the plants to better receive rainwater and thus improving the restoration effect of the mine slope ecosystem.

[0022] Optionally, this application also discloses a restoration method for ecological restoration structures in steep mines, characterized in that the restoration method is as follows:

[0023] S1. Clear dangerous rocks and loose stones from the steep slopes of the mine;

[0024] S2. Drilling holes for vegetation on the steep slope of the mine;

[0025] S3. Lay a three-dimensional protective net from top to bottom on the steep mine slope to completely cover the slope, and cut the three-dimensional protective net at the vegetation holes.

[0026] S4. Insert the fixing nails into the planting holes to fix the three-dimensional protective netting.

[0027] S5. Lay out a drip irrigation system;

[0028] S6. Fix the planting cup to the fixing nail, and plant the plant inside the planting cup.

[0029] One or more technical solutions provided by this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0030] 1. By setting up a drip irrigation system and installing planting cups on fixed nails, plants can absorb rainwater when it rains and absorb water through the drip irrigation system on sunny days. The drip irrigation system allows plants to absorb water more fully, improving their survival rate and thus improving the restoration effect of the mine slope ecosystem.

[0031] 2. By setting up an expansion cup and placing a water-retaining agent inside the expansion cup, the water-retaining agent expands after absorbing water, thereby fixing the expansion cup to the rock wall more firmly;

[0032] 3. By setting a fixed cup holder and a spherical cup body, the planting trough can be vertically upward, thereby increasing the rainwater receiving area, slowing down the rainwater runoff rate, and improving the plant survival rate. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram intended to emphasize the expansion cup in this application;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view intended to emphasize the internal structure of the expansion cup in this application;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of part of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 6 This application is intended to emphasize the partial structural cross-sectional view of the planting cup;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view intended to emphasize the internal structure of the sliding cavity in this application;

[0041] Figure 8 This application is intended to emphasize the partial structural cross-section of the slide bar;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2, intended to emphasize the internal structure of the fixed cup holder;

[0043] Figure 10This application is intended to emphasize the partial structural cross-sectional view at the first and second blocks;

[0044] Figure 11 This application is intended to emphasize a partial structural cross-sectional view of the fixed cup holder when the water collection cover is retracted;

[0045] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0046] Among them, 1. Three-dimensional protective net; 2. Drip irrigation system; 21. Water storage tank; 22. Drip pipe; 3. Expansion cup; 31. Pipe groove; 32. Limiting plate; 4. Planting cup; 41. Fixed cup seat; 411. Ball cavity; 412. Hollow needle tube; 42. Spherical cup body; 421. Planting groove; 5. Reinforcing rod; 51. Inner rod; 511. Locking pin; 512. Pin spring; 513. Pin hole; 52. Outer rod; 521. Sliding groove; 522. Locking hole; 6. Fixing 61. Hole; 7. Top block; 82. Sliding cavity; 73. Ball bearing; 74. Sliding hole; 75. Sliding rod; 86. Second spring; 87. Collection groove; 88. First spring; 89. First stop block; 80. Connecting ring; 81. Second slot; 82. Second pin groove; 83. Second pin groove; 84. Second pin; 85. Inclined groove; 86. Second pin spring; 97. Unlocking hole; 98. Unlocking rod; 99. Water collection cover; 90. Support rod; 91. Second stop block; 91. Cover cloth. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0048] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A structure for ecological restoration of steep mine slopes includes a three-dimensional protective net 1 and multiple fixing nails. These nails are inserted into the slope surface to secure the net 1. Planting cups 4 for planting are connected to the fixing nails. A drip irrigation system 2 is connected to the net 1 and the planting cups 4. When ecological restoration of a steep mine slope is required, holes are drilled in the slope surface, and the three-dimensional protective net 1 is laid. This net 1 integrates the steep slope, further stabilizing the land. The net 1 is secured with fixing nails, and planting cups 4 are installed on the nails. The drip irrigation system 2 irrigates the plants in the planting cups 4, reducing nutrient and water loss, increasing plant survival rates, and ultimately improving the ecological restoration of the mine slope.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 The fixing nail includes an expansion cup 3. The diameter of the planting hole is 25-35cm and the depth is 50-80cm. The horizontal spacing between multiple planting holes is 100-120cm and the vertical spacing is 100cm. The planting hole is circular and forms an angle of 30-45° with the slope surface. The expansion cup 3 is a PVC semi-circular tube with a diameter of 25cm and a length of 50cm. The outer end of the expansion cup 3 extends 30cm beyond the planting hole and is inserted 20cm into the planting hole.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 The expansion cup 3 is filled with planting substrate, which consists of topsoil, farmyard manure, and a water-retaining agent. The weight ratio is 80% topsoil, 10% farmyard manure, and 10% water-retaining agent, with the water-retaining agent at the bottom to prevent the other substrate from being lost. A protective net is also installed at the bottom of the expansion cup 3. When it rains or the plants are watered through the drip irrigation system 2, the water that seeps into the ground is absorbed by the water-retaining agent. After absorbing water, the water-retaining agent expands, pushing the expansion cup 3 outwards, making it more firmly fixed to the slope. Simultaneously, the water-retaining agent absorbs water to provide a water source for the plants when they are short of water, allowing them to grow more smoothly.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The expansion cup 3 is equipped with a reinforcing rod 5 inside. The reinforcing rod 5 includes an inner rod 51 and an outer rod 52. One end of the outer rod 52 is provided with a groove 521. The inner rod 51 is slidably connected to the groove 521 at the end facing the groove 521. The outer rod 52 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion cup 3 at the end away from the groove 521. One end of the inner rod 51 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the expansion cup 3. The inner rod 51 is provided with a pin hole 513 on its circumferential surface. A locking pin 511 is slidably connected in the pin hole 513. One end of the locking pin 511 is connected to a pin spring 512. The end of the locking pin 511 away from the pin spring 512 is inclined. The outer rod 52 is provided with multiple locking holes 522 on its circumferential surface. When the water-retaining agent absorbs water, it causes the expansion cup 3 to expand outward. The expansion cup 3 causes the inner rod 51 and the outer rod 52 to move away from each other, so that the outer rod 52 presses one end of the inclined surface of the locking pin 511 into the pin hole 513. At the same time, it compresses the pin spring 512 until the locking pin 511 is aligned with the next locking hole 522. The pin spring 512 rebounds and causes the locking pin 511 to be inserted into the next locking hole 522. Even if the water-retaining agent shrinks afterward, the locking pin 511 is locked in the locking hole 522, and the expansion cup 3 remains in an expanded state, preventing the expansion cup 3 from becoming loose from the slope.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The drip irrigation system 2 includes a water storage tank 21 and drip pipes 22. The water storage tank 21 is located at the top of the slope and is connected to the drip pipes 22. The drip pipes 22 are connected to the three-dimensional protective net 1 and multiple planting cups 4. A groove 31 is provided above the expansion cup 3, through which the drip pipes 22 pass. A hollow needle tube 412 is connected to the bottom of the planting cup 4. One end of the hollow needle tube 412 is inserted into the drip pipe 22, and the other end is connected to the planting cup 4. The drip pipe 22 is passed through the groove 31 above the expansion cup 3, and then the planting cup 4 is placed on top of the expansion cup 3. At the same time, the hollow needle tube 412 is inserted into the drip pipe 22. The water pressure in the drip pipe 22 forces water into the hollow needle tube 412, and then into the planting cup 4, achieving precise drip irrigation, facilitating water absorption by the vegetation, and improving the survival rate of the vegetation.

[0055] Reference Figure 6The planting cup 4 includes a fixed cup base 41 and a spherical cup body 42. The fixed cup base 41 can be inserted into the expansion cup 3, and a spherical cavity 411 is opened above the fixed cup base 41. The spherical cup body 42 is placed in the spherical cavity 411, and the connection between the spherical cup body 42 and the fixed cup base 41 is a spherical hinge. A planting groove 421 is opened above the spherical cup body 42, and plants and nutrient soil are placed in the planting groove 421. The plants are vines. The bottom of the planting groove 421 has an opening, so that the planting groove 421 communicates with the inside of the expansion cup 3. This allows the spherical cup body 42 to rotate within the fixed cup base 41. The opening of the planting groove 421 faces upward, thereby increasing the area of ​​the planting cup 4 that receives rainwater, slowing down the rate of rainwater runoff, and collecting rainwater. This effectively solves the problem of water shortage for vegetation maintenance due to limited construction space and large elevation differences in steep slope ecological restoration, automatically storing water and providing biological growth. In addition, it ensures that the plants grow upwards and that the plants in the planting trough 421 are not easily washed out by rainwater; furthermore, after the vines grow, they can climb along the three-dimensional protective net 1, which not only strengthens the fixation of the vines but also strengthens the fixation of the three-dimensional protective net 1. Moreover, the vines covering the three-dimensional protective net 1 can quickly increase the green area of ​​the slope and accelerate the restoration of the ecosystem.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 The edge of the fixed cup holder 41 is set as an inclined ring, so that rainwater can flow into the ball cavity along the ring when it comes into contact with the arc, and the rainwater is guided into the planting hole to ensure the normal growth of the vine.

[0057] Reference Figure 6 A fixing hole 6 is provided inside the spherical cup body 42. A top block 61 slides inside the fixing hole 6. A rubber pad is provided at one end of the top block 61. A water-retaining agent is provided inside the fixing hole 6, and a protective net is provided at the end of the fixing hole 6 near the planting trough 421 to prevent the water-retaining agent from overflowing. After the spherical cup body 42 is placed, the plant in the planting cup 4 is watered. When the water enters the fixing hole 6, it is absorbed by the water-retaining agent, causing the water-retaining agent to expand. The water-retaining agent pushes the top block 61 outward from the fixing hole, pressing the top block 61 against the inner wall of the spherical cavity 411, thereby fixing the spherical cup body 42 to the fixing cup seat 41 and keeping the planting trough 421 facing upward.

[0058] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8The spherical cup body 42 has a U-shaped sliding cavity 7, in which a ball bearing 71 slides. A sliding hole 72 is provided at the lowest point of the sliding cavity 7, which connects the sliding cavity 7 to the outside of the spherical cup body 42. A sliding rod 73 is slidably connected in the sliding hole 72. The end of the sliding rod 73 near the sliding cavity 7 is a smooth curved surface, and a second spring 74 is sleeved on the sliding rod 73. The sliding cavity 7 has two sets of ball bearings 71, sliding rods 73, and second springs 74, and the axes of the two sets of sliding rods 73 are perpendicular. The ball bearing 71 can roll inside the sliding cavity 7. When the planting trough 421 is vertically upward, the ball bearing 71 rolls to the lowest point of the U-shaped sliding cavity 7 due to gravity, and presses the sliding rod 73 into the sliding hole 72, so that the other end of the sliding rod 73 presses against the inner wall of the spherical cavity 411, so that the spherical cup 42 can be kept in a vertical state. This makes it easier for operators to judge whether the planting trough 421 of the spherical cup 42 is vertical. In addition, the two sets of sliding rods 73 can simultaneously judge the x-axis and y-axis directions of the spherical cup 42, so that the plants can better receive rainwater, thereby improving the restoration effect of the mine slope ecosystem.

[0059] Furthermore, this application also discloses a restoration method for ecological restoration structures in steep mines, characterized in that the restoration method is as follows:

[0060] S1. Clear dangerous rocks and loose stones from the steep slopes of the mine;

[0061] S2. Drilling holes for vegetation on the steep slope of the mine;

[0062] S3. Lay a three-dimensional protective net 1 from top to bottom on the steep mine slope to completely cover the slope surface, and cut the three-dimensional protective net 1 at the vegetation holes.

[0063] S4. Insert the fixing nails into the planting holes to fix the three-dimensional protective net 1.

[0064] S5. Lay out the drip irrigation system 2;

[0065] S6. Fix the planting cup 4 to the fixing nail, and plant the plant in the planting cup 4.

[0066] In addition, the method of inserting the fixing pin into the planting hole in S4 includes:

[0067] Place the expansion cup 3 into the planting hole and add water to the expansion cup 3 to make the expansion cup 3 expand and fix it more firmly to the slope.

[0068] The methods for laying drip irrigation system 2 in S5 include:

[0069] A water storage tank 21 is installed at the top of the slope, and a drip pipe 22 is passed through the groove 31 on multiple expansion cups 3 in sequence.

[0070] The methods for planting plants in planting cup 4 in S6 include:

[0071] Place nutrient soil and plants into the planting cup 4, rotate the spherical cup 42 so that the opening of the spherical cup 42 is vertically upward, and add water into the spherical cup 42 so that the water-retaining agent in the fixing hole 6 expands and presses the top block 61 onto the surface of the spherical cavity 411, so that the opening of the spherical cup 42 remains vertically upward.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] Reference Figure 9-11 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the fixed cup base 41 is connected to a water collection cover 9. The water collection cover 9 includes support rods 91 and a cover cloth 92. Multiple support rods 91 are provided, and all support rods 91 are connected to the water collection cover 9. The support rods 91 are densely distributed on the lower side of the fixed cup base 41, and sparsely distributed on the upper side of the fixed cup base 41. The cover cloth 92 unfolds at a smaller angle on the side with denser support rods 91, meaning the surface slope of the cover cloth 92 is larger. Conversely, the cover cloth 92 unfolds at a larger angle on the side with more dispersed support rods 91, meaning the surface slope of the cover cloth 92 is smaller. The fixing nails are installed on the sloping surface, with the side of the cover cloth 92 with a larger slope placed on the lower side of the slope, and the side of the cover cloth 92 with a smaller slope placed on the upper side of the slope. This makes the angle between the surface of the cover cloth 92 and the vertical direction as symmetrical as possible, allowing rainwater to flow along the surface of the cover cloth 92 into the interior of the fixed cup base 41, ensuring the plant's water supply.

[0074] A fixed cup holder 41 is connected to a connecting ring 82, and multiple support rods 91 are hinged to the connecting ring 82. An annular collecting groove 81 is formed on the upper surface of the fixed cup holder 41, and the connecting ring 82 is slidably connected within the collecting groove 81. A second pin groove 83 is provided within the collecting groove 81, and a second locking pin 84 is provided within the second pin groove 83. A second pin spring 85 is also provided within the second pin groove 83. The end of the second locking pin 84 facing away from the second pin spring 85 is inclined, and the inclined surface faces the opening of the collecting groove 81. A second locking groove 821 is formed on the circumferential surface of the fixed ring. A first spring 811 is provided within the collecting groove 81, with one end of the first spring 811 fixed to the bottom of the collecting groove 81 and the other end connected to the fixed ring. During transportation, the water collection cover 9 can be collected in the collection trough 81, while the second locking pin 84 is inserted into the second locking slot 821 to prevent the water collection cover 9 from popping out. When installing the fixing cup seat 41, the second locking pin 84 slides out of the second locking slot 821, and the first spring 811 rebounds, causing the connecting ring 82 to slide towards the opening of the collection trough 81, thereby sliding the water collection cover 9 out of the collection trough 81 and unfolding the water collection cover 9, making it easier to unfold and store. The cover 92 can maximize the collection of rainwater, prevent rainwater from flowing away quickly along the slope, and accurately guide rainwater to the planting area, improving rainwater utilization.

[0075] An unlocking hole 86 is provided in the second pin groove 83, which communicates with the bottom of the fixed cup seat 41. An unlocking rod 87 is slidably connected in the unlocking hole 86, and a beveled groove 841 is provided on the circumferential surface of the second locking pin 84, which is used by the unlocking rod 87 to drive the second locking pin 84 to move in the direction of compressing the second pin spring 85. The fixing pin is connected to the limit plate 32. A first stop 812 is provided at the opening of the collection groove 81, and a second stop 911 is provided at the hinge position of the support rod 91 and the connecting ring 82. When the fixed cup holder 41 is installed onto the fixed nail, the limiting plate 32 contacts the unlocking rod 87, pressing the unlocking rod 87 into the unlocking hole 86, so that the end of the unlocking rod 87 near the second locking pin 84 contacts the inclined groove 841, thereby causing the second locking pin 84 to slide out in the second locking groove 821. The first spring 811 rebounds and causes the connecting ring 82 and the support rod 91 to slide towards the groove, so that the first stop 812 contacts the second stop 911. At this time, the connecting ring 82 continues to move towards the groove. Since the first stop 812 blocks the second stop 911, the support rod 91 rotates around the hinge axis, thereby causing the cover 92 to open, realizing the automatic unfolding of the water collection cover 9.

[0076] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0077] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A structure for ecological restoration of steep mines, characterized in that, It includes a three-dimensional protective net (1) and fixing nails. Multiple fixing nails are provided and inserted into the mountain surface to fix the three-dimensional protective net (1). The fixing nails are connected to planting cups (4) for planting plants. The three-dimensional protective net (1) is connected to a drip irrigation system (2). The drip irrigation system (2) is connected to the planting cups (4).

2. The structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing nail includes an expansion cup (3), which is filled with a water-retaining agent and has a protective net at the bottom.

3. A structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The expansion cup (3) is provided with a reinforcing rod (5), which includes an inner rod (51) and an outer rod (52). One end of the outer rod (52) is provided with a groove (521). The inner rod (51) is slidably connected to the groove (521) at the end facing the groove (521). The outer rod (52) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion cup (3) at the end away from the groove (521). One end of the inner rod (51) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the expansion cup (3). The inner rod (51) is provided with a pin hole (513) on its circumferential surface. A locking pin (511) is slidably connected in the pin hole (513). One end of the locking pin (511) is connected to a pin spring (512). The end of the locking pin (511) away from the pin spring (512) is inclined. The outer rod (52) is provided with multiple locking holes (522) on its circumferential surface.

4. The structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drip irrigation system (2) includes a water storage tank (21) and a drip pipe (22). The water storage tank (21) is located at the top of the slope. The water storage tank (21) is connected to the drip pipe (22). The drip pipe (22) is connected to the three-dimensional protective net (1) and is connected to multiple planting cups (4).

5. A structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The expansion cup (3) has a groove (31) above it, the drip pipe (22) passes through the groove (31), and the planting cup (4) is connected to a hollow needle tube (412) below it. One end of the hollow needle tube (412) is inserted into the drip pipe (22), and the other end is connected to the planting cup (4).

6. A structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting cup (4) includes a fixed cup base (41) and a spherical cup body (42). The fixed cup base (41) can be inserted into the expansion cup (3), and a spherical cavity (411) is opened above the fixed cup base (411). The spherical cup body (42) is set in the spherical cavity (411). The connection between the spherical cup body (42) and the fixed cup base (41) is a ball hinge. A planting trough (421) is opened above the spherical cup body (42). Plants and nutrient soil are placed in the planting trough (421). The bottom of the planting trough (421) is perforated so that the planting trough (421) is connected to the inside of the expansion cup (3).

7. A structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spherical cup (42) has a fixing hole (6) inside, a top block (61) slides inside the fixing hole (6), a rubber pad is provided at one end of the top block (61), a water-retaining agent is provided inside the fixing hole (6), and a protective net is provided at the end of the fixing hole (6) near the planting trough (421) to prevent the water-retaining agent from overflowing.

8. A structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planter in the planting cup (4) is a vine.

9. A structure for ecological restoration of steep mines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spherical cup (42) has a U-shaped sliding cavity (7) inside, in which a ball bearing (71) slides. A sliding hole (72) is provided at the lowest point of the sliding cavity (7), which connects the sliding cavity (7) to the outside of the spherical cup (42). A sliding rod (73) is slidably connected inside the sliding hole (72). The end of the sliding rod (73) near the sliding cavity (7) is a smooth curved surface. A second spring (74) is provided on the outer sleeve of the sliding rod (73). The sliding cavity (7) has two sets of ball bearings (71), sliding rods (73), and second springs (74). The axes of the two sets of sliding rods (73) are perpendicular.

10. A restoration method for ecological restoration structures in steep mines based on any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The repair method is as follows: S1. Clear dangerous rocks and loose stones from the steep slopes of the mine; S2. Drilling holes for vegetation on the steep slope of the mine; S3. Lay a three-dimensional protective net (1) from top to bottom on the steep mine slope to cover the entire slope surface, and cut the three-dimensional protective net (1) at the vegetation hole. S4. Insert the fixing nail into the planting hole to fix the three-dimensional protective net (1); S5. Lay out the drip irrigation system (2); S6. Fix the planting cup (4) to the fixing nail and plant the plant in the planting cup (4).

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