Anti-axial-force assembly type double-stage composite energy dissipation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake resistance of building structures, in particular to an axial-force-resistant assembly type double-stage composite energy dissipater. The energy dissipater comprises a friction energy dissipation assembly and a yield energy dissipation assembly; the friction energy dissipation assembly comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, the upper connecting plate is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the upper frame beam, and the lower connecting plate is installed on the side face of the upper connecting plate. The yield energy dissipation assembly comprises a buckling-restrained component and an energy dissipation piece, the buckling-restrained component comprises an upper limiting seat and a lower limiting seat, the upper limiting seat is connected with the lower connecting plate, the lower limiting seat is fixedly installed on the lower frame beam, the upper end of the energy dissipation piece is connected with the upper limiting seat, and the lower end of the energy dissipation piece is connected with the lower limiting seat. By arranging a double-stage working mechanism combining the friction energy dissipation assembly capable of releasing axial displacement and the metal yield energy dissipation assembly, graded energy dissipation and axial force self-adaptive release under different earthquake intensities are achieved, and the axial force resistance and the working reliability of the energy dissipater are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic resistance technology for building structures, and in particular to a prefabricated two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial forces. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building engineering, frame structures are widely used in various types of buildings in urban areas due to their flexible spatial layout and convenient construction. Earthquakes can easily cause severe damage to frame structures, even threatening the safety of people and property. To mitigate the damage caused by earthquakes to frame structures, installing energy dissipation and damping devices between the story layers has become a standard seismic design method. These devices absorb and dissipate seismic energy through their own deformation or friction, reducing the structure's seismic response and thus minimizing the degree of damage.

[0003] Currently, most inter-story energy dissipation and damping devices commonly used in frame structures are single-type energy dissipation structures. Due to the high overall stiffness of the energy dissipator and the lack of an adaptive structure for axial forces, a large axial force accumulates inside the energy dissipator under the vertical compression caused by an earthquake. This can easily lead to premature damage or failure of the metal energy dissipation plates, reducing their service life. Secondly, a single energy dissipation mechanism is difficult to achieve graded energy dissipation under different earthquake intensities. In minor earthquakes, it may not be able to fully utilize the energy dissipation potential of metal yielding, while in major earthquakes, there is a lack of effective means to release axial forces and replenish energy dissipation, resulting in low overall seismic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated two-stage composite energy dissipator that resists axial force. By setting a two-stage working mechanism that combines a friction energy dissipation component that can release axial displacement with a metal yield energy dissipation component, it can achieve graded energy dissipation and adaptive release of axial force under different seismic intensities. This effectively avoids premature failure of the energy dissipator due to axial force, improves the energy dissipator's resistance to axial force and operational reliability, and extends its service life.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: An assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force is installed between an upper frame beam and a lower frame beam. The energy dissipator includes a friction energy dissipation component and a yield energy dissipation component. The friction energy dissipation component includes an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate. The upper connecting plate is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the upper frame beam, and the lower connecting plate is installed on the side of the upper connecting plate. Under the action of a predetermined axial force, the connecting plate can slide relative to the upper connecting plate. The yield energy dissipation component includes a buckling-resistance member and an energy dissipation plate. The buckling-resistance member includes an upper limit seat and a lower limit seat. The upper limit seat is connected to the lower connecting plate, and the lower limit seat is fixedly installed on the lower frame beam. The energy dissipation plate is located transversely between the upper limit seat and the lower limit seat, with its upper end connected to the upper limit seat and its lower end connected to the lower limit seat.

[0006] Optionally, both the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are T-shaped structures, wherein the upper connecting plate is installed upside down, and the T-shaped structure includes a bottom plate and a web plate. The bottom plate of the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper frame beam, and the bottom plate of the lower connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper limit seat. The web plate of the lower connecting plate is installed on the web plate of the upper connecting plate.

[0007] Optionally, the friction energy dissipation assembly further includes a bolt fixing plate, which is located on the side of the lower connecting plate opposite to the upper connecting plate. The lower connecting plate has a sliding groove on its web, which is arranged vertically. The bolt passes through the unthreaded hole of the bolt fixing plate, the sliding groove of the upper connecting plate web, and the unthreaded hole of the upper connecting plate web in sequence to install the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate together.

[0008] Optionally, the side of the upper connecting plate web facing the lower connecting plate is a friction surface, both sides of the lower connecting plate web are friction surfaces, and the side of the bolt fixing plate facing the lower connecting plate is a friction surface.

[0009] Optionally, the upper limit seat has an anti-buckling body and an upper mounting plate, one side of the upper mounting plate protruding from the anti-buckling body, and the upper mounting plate is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate. The lower limit seat has the same structure as the upper limit seat but the opposite installation direction.

[0010] Optionally, the energy dissipation plate is I-shaped, including an upper mounting part, a lower mounting part, and an energy dissipation part located between the upper mounting part and the lower mounting part. The upper limit seat and the lower limit seat are staggered in the vertical direction. The upper mounting part of the energy dissipation plate is mounted on the buckling-resistance body of the upper limit seat, and the lower mounting part is mounted on the buckling-resistance body of the lower limit seat.

[0011] Optionally, an upper pad is provided between the upper mounting part and the buckling-resistance body of the upper limit seat, and a lower pad is provided between the lower mounting part and the buckling-resistance body of the lower limit seat, so that there is a set gap between the energy dissipation part of the energy dissipator and the buckling-resistance bodies of the two limit seats.

[0012] Optionally, the lower side of the upper limit seat anti-buckling body is provided with a hook structure, and the upper side of the lower limit seat anti-buckling body is also provided with a hook structure. The hook structures of the two limit seats are hooked together, and there is a set gap between the two hook structures in the vertical direction, so that the two limit seats can move relative to each other under the action of a predetermined axial force.

[0013] Optionally, the yield energy dissipation assembly further includes an upper local buckling-resistance plate and a lower local buckling-resistance plate. The upper local buckling-resistance plate is installed on the buckling-resistance body of the upper limit seat and is located on the opposite side of the energy dissipation plate. The lower local buckling-resistance plate is installed on the buckling-resistance body of the lower limit seat and is located on the opposite side of the energy dissipation plate. There is a set gap between the upper local buckling-resistance plate, the lower local buckling-resistance plate and the energy dissipation plate.

[0014] Optionally, the lower limit seat is connected to the lower frame beam via a base and an inverted V-shaped support. The top surface of the base has deep bolt holes for connection with the upper limit seat, and the bottom of the inverted V-shaped support is provided with a support base plate and anchor rods for connection with the lower frame beam.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: In the energy dissipator of this invention, the friction energy dissipation component is fixed to the upper frame beam via an upper connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate can slide relative to the upper connecting plate under a predetermined axial force. Simultaneously, the yielding energy dissipation component is connected to the lower connecting plate of the friction component via an upper limit seat, and the lower limit seat is fixed to the lower frame beam. The energy dissipation plates are arranged laterally between the upper and lower limit seats. When an earthquake occurs, the frame structure will experience inter-story displacement. During this process, the frame beam will generate reciprocating horizontal shear forces and consequently, regularly varying unfavorable axial forces on the energy dissipator. These horizontal shear forces and unfavorable axial forces will drive the energy dissipator to operate, absorbing and dissipating energy through the two components: the friction energy dissipation component and the metal yielding energy dissipation component, which release axial displacement. The horizontal shear force mainly drives the metal yield energy dissipation component, while the unfavorable axial force will drive the metal yield energy dissipation component and the friction energy dissipation component that releases axial displacement, respectively, depending on the magnitude of the axial force. This achieves a two-stage working mechanism, which effectively solves the problem that traditional energy dissipators are prone to premature failure under the coupling of axial force and shear force. Through the two-stage working mechanism, the adaptability and reliability of the energy dissipator under different seismic intensities are improved, and its service life is extended.

[0016] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In addition, the dimensions or spacing between the components are exaggerated to show the position of each component, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator structure for resisting axial force provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the explosion of the friction energy dissipation component I, which releases axial displacement.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the explosion of the metal yielding energy dissipation component II.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the metal yield energy dissipation component II.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of the foundation and the inverted V-shaped support.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the application of a prefabricated two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial forces in a frame structure.

[0024] In the diagram: Ⅰ. Friction energy dissipation assembly; Ⅱ. Yield energy dissipation assembly; 1. Steel plate energy dissipation plate; 21. Upper clamping plate; 22. Lower clamping plate; 31. Upper pad; 32. Lower pad; 41. Upper limit seat; 42. Lower limit seat; 401. Hook structure; 51. Upper partial buckling-resistance plate; 52. Lower partial buckling-resistance plate; 502. Stiffening rib; 10. Upper connecting plate; 1002. External friction surface; 11. Lower connecting plate; 1101. Slide groove; 1102. Side friction surface; 12. Bolt fixing plate; 1201. Internal friction surface; 15. Anchoring structure; 1502. Anchoring reinforcement; 16. Foundation; 1601. Deep bolt hole; 17. Inverted V-shaped support; 1701. Support base plate; 1702. Anchor rod; 18. Upper frame beam; 19. Lower frame beam; Detailed Implementation It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a prefabricated two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force, which is installed between the upper frame beam 18 and the lower frame beam 19. The energy dissipator includes a friction energy dissipation component I and a yield energy dissipation component II.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the friction energy dissipation component I includes an upper connecting plate 10 and a lower connecting plate 11. The upper connecting plate 10 is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the upper frame beam 18, and the lower connecting plate 11 is installed on the side of the upper connecting plate 10. Under the action of a predetermined axial force, the connecting plate 11 can slide relative to the upper connecting plate 10.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the yield energy dissipation component II includes a buckling-resistance member and an energy dissipation plate. The buckling-resistance member includes an upper limit seat 41 and a lower limit seat 42. The upper limit seat 41 is connected to the lower connecting plate 11, and the lower limit seat 42 is fixedly installed on the lower frame beam 19. The energy dissipation plate is located between the upper limit seat 41 and the lower limit seat 42 laterally, and the upper end of the energy dissipation plate is connected to the upper limit seat 41, and the lower end is connected to the lower limit seat 42.

[0028] In friction energy dissipation component I, the upper connecting plate 10 (via anchoring structure 15 and anchoring steel bar 1502) is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the upper frame beam 18, ensuring no relative displacement between the upper connecting plate 10 and the upper frame beam 18, and can stably transmit the displacement and force of the upper frame beam 18; the lower connecting plate 11 is installed on the side of the upper connecting plate 10, and retains space for sliding relative to the upper connecting plate 10 under the action of a predetermined axial force, providing a structural basis for subsequent release of axial displacement. In yield energy dissipation component II, the upper limit seat 41 of the buckling-restrained member is directly connected to the lower connecting plate 11, which can transmit the displacement and force of the lower connecting plate 11 to the yield energy dissipation component II. The lower limit seat 42 is fixedly installed on the lower frame beam 19, and the energy dissipation plate is arranged laterally between the upper limit seat 41 and the lower limit seat 42, with its upper and lower ends connected to the two limit seats respectively, which can directly bear the relative displacement between the two limit seats.

[0029] When an earthquake occurs, the inter-story displacement generated in the frame structure causes relative movement of the upper and lower frame beams 19, which in turn transmits horizontal shear force and axial force to the energy dissipator. Friction energy dissipation component I, through the relative sliding of the lower connecting plate 11 and the upper connecting plate 10, can release axial displacement under a predetermined axial force, preventing continuous axial force from damaging the energy dissipation component. Yielding energy dissipation component II dissipates the energy generated by horizontal shear force through the deformation of the energy dissipation plates. The two components work together to form a two-stage working mechanism. When the axial force is small, friction energy dissipation component I remains fixed, and energy is mainly dissipated by the deformation of the energy dissipation plates in yielding energy dissipation component II. When the axial force reaches a predetermined value, friction energy dissipation component I begins to slide and dissipate energy through friction. The combination of these two components can not only cope with the shear displacement of the frame structure during an earthquake but also alleviate the adverse axial force caused by the vertical compression effect, ensuring that the energy dissipator does not fail prematurely due to axial force, while achieving a more comprehensive energy dissipation effect.

[0030] Both the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower connecting plate 11 are T-shaped structures. The upper connecting plate 10 is installed upside down. The T-shaped structure includes a bottom plate and a web plate. The bottom plate of the upper connecting plate 10 is fixedly connected to the upper frame beam 18. The bottom plate of the lower connecting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the upper limit seat 41. The web plate of the lower connecting plate 11 is installed on the web plate of the upper connecting plate 10.

[0031] The inverted installation of the upper connecting plate 10 allows its base plate to better fit against the bottom side of the upper frame beam 18, while also aligning the web downwards for easier installation with the web of the lower connecting plate 11, resulting in a more compact structure for the entire friction energy dissipation assembly I. The lower connecting plate 11 connects to the upper limit seat 41 via its base plate, allowing force to be evenly distributed to the upper limit seat 41 through the base plate, preventing localized force concentration in the upper limit seat 41. In conjunction with the yield energy dissipation assembly II, this ensures smoother force transmission throughout the energy dissipator, improving its operational reliability.

[0032] The friction energy dissipation assembly I also includes a bolt fixing plate 12, which is located on the side of the lower connecting plate 11 opposite to the upper connecting plate 10. The lower connecting plate 11 has a sliding groove 1101 on its web, which is arranged vertically. The bolt passes through the unthreaded hole of the bolt fixing plate 12, the sliding groove 1101 on the web of the upper connecting plate 10, and the unthreaded hole on the web of the upper connecting plate 10 in sequence, thereby installing the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower connecting plate 11 together.

[0033] The lower connecting plate 11 is stably clamped by the preload of the bolts, ensuring that there is no relative sliding between the lower connecting plate 11 and the upper connecting plate 10 when the axial force has not reached the predetermined value. At this time, the friction energy dissipation component I remains fixed. When the axial force reaches the predetermined value, the lower connecting plate 11 can slide relative to the upper connecting plate 10 along the vertical slide groove 1101. The vertical arrangement of the slide groove 1101 ensures that the sliding direction is consistent with the axial displacement direction generated by the vertical compression effect of the frame structure, accurately releasing the axial displacement. On-site installation can be completed simply by passing the bolts through the corresponding holes, making construction convenient. If maintenance or replacement of parts is required later, only the bolts need to be removed, improving the maintenance convenience of the energy dissipator.

[0034] The side of the upper connecting plate 10 facing the lower connecting plate 11 is a friction surface (outer friction surface 1002), both sides of the lower connecting plate 11 are friction surfaces (side friction surfaces 1102), and the side of the bolt fixing plate 12 facing the lower connecting plate 11 is a friction surface (inner friction surface 1201).

[0035] The arrangement of two pairs of friction surfaces enhances the energy dissipation capacity of the friction energy dissipation component I. When the axial force generated by an earthquake reaches a predetermined value, and the lower connecting plate 11 slides relative to the upper connecting plate 10 and the bolt fixing plate 12, the two pairs of friction surfaces simultaneously engage in friction, dissipating energy at the same time and thus dissipating more seismic energy, thereby improving the overall energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipator. Furthermore, the design of friction surfaces on both sides of the lower connecting plate 11 allows for more uniform force distribution during sliding.

[0036] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the upper limit seat 41 has an anti-buckling body and an upper mounting plate. One side of the upper mounting plate protrudes from the anti-buckling body. The upper mounting plate is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate 11. The lower limit seat 42 has the same structure as the upper limit seat 41 but the installation direction is opposite.

[0037] The buckling-resistant body restricts the out-of-plane buckling of the energy dissipation plate, preventing it from fracturing prematurely due to out-of-plane buckling during deformation under stress, and ensuring that the energy dissipation plate can stably dissipate energy through in-plane plastic deformation.

[0038] The energy dissipation plate is I-shaped and includes an upper mounting part, a lower mounting part, and an energy dissipation part located between the upper mounting part and the lower mounting part. The upper limit seat 41 and the lower limit seat 42 are staggered in the vertical direction. The upper mounting part of the energy dissipation plate is mounted on the anti-buckling body of the upper limit seat 41, and the lower mounting part is mounted on the anti-buckling body of the lower limit seat 42.

[0039] The energy dissipation plate adopts an I-shaped structure, with the cross-sectional dimension of the mounting section being larger than that of the energy dissipation section. This enhances the load-bearing capacity of the mounting section and ensures the connection strength between the energy dissipation plate and the limiting seat. The energy dissipation section preferentially undergoes plastic deformation under stress, meeting energy dissipation requirements. The vertically staggered arrangement of the upper limiting seat 41 and the lower limiting seat 42 provides sufficient deformation space for the energy dissipation section.

[0040] An upper pad 31 is provided between the upper mounting part and the anti-buckling body of the upper limit seat 41, and is fixed by an upper clamping plate 21 and bolts. A lower pad 32 is provided between the lower mounting part and the anti-buckling body of the lower limit seat 42, and is fixed by a lower clamping plate 22 and bolts, so that there is a set gap between the energy dissipation part of the energy dissipator and the anti-buckling bodies of the two limit seats.

[0041] The pad can create a set gap between the energy dissipation part and the anti-buckling body, which not only realizes the installation of the energy dissipation plate and the limiting seat, but also provides the necessary space for the energy dissipation plate to undergo out-of-plane buckling deformation when under pressure, thus avoiding premature contact between the energy dissipation plate and the limiting seat body and inhibiting its buckling energy dissipation capacity.

[0042] The lower side of the anti-buckling body of the upper limit seat 41 is provided with a hook structure 401, and the upper side of the anti-buckling body of the lower limit seat 42 is also provided with a hook structure 401. The hook structures 401 of the two limit seats are hooked together, and there is a set gap between the two hook structures 401 in the vertical direction, so that the two limit seats can move relative to each other under the action of a predetermined axial force.

[0043] When the earthquake intensity is low, the axial force on the energy dissipator is small, and the axial deformation of the energy dissipation plate is small. At this time, the gap between the two hook structures 401 can accommodate this deformation, and the hook structures 401 do not contact each other. The yielding energy dissipation component II can freely dissipate energy through the deformation of the energy dissipation plate. When the earthquake intensity is high, the axial force on the energy dissipator increases, and the axial deformation of the energy dissipation plate also increases. When the deformation reaches the gap size, the two hook structures 401 contact each other. At this time, the hook structures 401 will limit the further vertical relative displacement between the upper limit seat 41 and the lower limit seat 42, thereby preventing the energy dissipation plate from breaking due to excessive axial deformation and avoiding the failure of the yielding energy dissipation component II. At the same time, after the hook structures 401 contact, the axial force on the energy dissipator will be transmitted to the friction energy dissipation component I, causing the friction energy dissipation component I to start working. Friction energy is generated through the sliding of the lower connecting plate 11 and the upper connecting plate 10, realizing a two-stage mechanism of coordinated energy dissipation by the friction energy dissipation component I and the yielding energy dissipation component II under high axial force.

[0044] The yielding energy dissipation assembly II further includes an upper local buckling-resistance plate 51 and a lower local buckling-resistance plate 52. The upper local buckling-resistance plate 51 is mounted on the buckling-resistance body of the upper limit seat 41 and is located on the opposite side of the energy dissipation plate. The lower local buckling-resistance plate 52 is mounted on the buckling-resistance body of the lower limit seat 42 and is located on the opposite side of the energy dissipation plate. A set gap is provided between the upper local buckling-resistance plate 51, the lower local buckling-resistance plate 52, and the energy dissipation plate. Stiffening ribs 502 are also provided on the outer surface of the local buckling-resistance plates.

[0045] The local buckling-restraint plate further optimizes the buckling protection of the energy dissipation plate, forming a dual constraint in conjunction with the buckling-restraint body. The buckling-restraint body restricts out-of-plane buckling of the energy dissipation plate from one side, while the local buckling-restraint plate restricts out-of-plane buckling from the other side. Together, they can prevent out-of-plane buckling of the energy dissipation plate during deformation under stress, ensuring that the energy dissipation plate can only undergo plastic deformation in the in-plane direction, avoiding premature fracture of the energy dissipation plate due to out-of-plane buckling, and improving the working stability and service life of the energy dissipation plate.

[0046] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the lower limit seat 42 is connected to the lower frame beam 19 through the base 16 and the inverted V-shaped support 17. The top surface of the base 16 has a deep bolt hole 1601 that is connected to the upper limit seat 41. The bottom of the inverted V-shaped support 17 is provided with a support base plate 1701 and an anchor rod 1702 that are connected to the lower frame beam 19.

[0047] Compared to traditional straight-bar supports, the inverted V-shaped support 17 has superior load-bearing performance, capable of simultaneously withstanding vertical and horizontal forces, thus preventing localized stress concentration in the lower frame beam 19. The anchor rod 1702 further enhances the connection reliability between the inverted V-shaped support 17 and the lower frame beam 19.

[0048] The working principle of this energy dissipator: In the friction energy dissipation assembly I for releasing axial displacement, the high-strength preloaded bolts apply a certain preload, causing the upper connecting plate 10 and the bolt fixing plate 12 to clamp the lower connecting plate 11 in the middle. The contact surface generates friction controlled by the preload of the high-strength preloaded bolts. Through design, the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower connecting plate 11 can reach either a fixed or relatively sliding state depending on the magnitude of the unfavorable axial force. The unfavorable axial force corresponding to the critical state of fixed or sliding is defined as the axial release force F.

[0049] During minor earthquakes, the unfavorable axial force on the energy dissipator is relatively small. At this time, the unfavorable axial force does not reach the axial release force F, and the friction energy dissipation component I, which releases axial displacement, will remain fixed. Energy is primarily dissipated by the metal yielding energy dissipation component II. Because a certain gap exists between the hook structures 401 of the limiting seats, a certain axial relative displacement can occur between the upper limiting seat 41 and the lower limiting seat 42; and a certain gap exists between the steel plate energy dissipation plate 1 and the local buckling-resistance plate and buckling-resistance limiting seat, allowing the steel plate energy dissipation plate 1 to undergo a certain range of out-of-plane buckling. These measures enable the steel plate energy dissipation plate 1 to have both compressive buckling energy dissipation capacity and tensile plastic deformation energy dissipation capacity.

[0050] During a major earthquake, the energy dissipator experiences significant adverse axial forces, leading to substantial axial deformation of the steel plate energy dissipation element 1. The hook structures 401 of the upper limit seat 41 and the lower limit seat 42 come into contact, preventing further vertical deformation of the metal yielding energy dissipation component II. At this time, the axial force on the friction energy dissipation component I, which releases axial displacement, rapidly increases, exceeding the axial release force F, resulting in relative sliding and continued energy dissipation through friction.

[0051] A large gap is left between the hook structure 401 of the buckling-restrained limit seat and the side of the installed steel plate energy dissipation plate 1. The width of this gap is defined as 'a'. This width 'a' is calculated according to the limit value θ of the elastoplastic inter-story drift angle of the frame structure under rare earthquake loading, as specified in the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings".

[0052] When the relative horizontal displacement of the upper and lower frame beams 19 is large due to an earthquake, the steel plate energy dissipation plate 1 does not come into contact with the hook structure 401 of the buckling-restrained limit seat, thus ensuring the energy dissipation capacity of the energy dissipation plate during horizontal deformation.

[0053] The width of the hook structure 401 of the buckling-restrained limit seat is designed to be b. This width is calculated according to the limit value θ of the elastoplastic inter-story drift angle of the frame structure under rare earthquake loading, as specified in the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings".

[0054] When the earthquake causes a large relative horizontal displacement of the upper and lower frame beams 19, resulting in a large relative horizontal displacement of the upper limit seat 41 and the lower limit seat 42, the hook structure 401 of the buckling-resistance limit seat still has a good hooking effect, ensuring the dual-stage working mechanism mentioned above.

[0055] The thicknesses of the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower connecting plate 11 are appropriately increased based on the design horizontal yield bearing capacity of the steel plate energy dissipation plate 1. When the metal yield energy dissipation assembly II is working normally, the lower connecting plate 11 of the friction energy dissipation assembly I, which releases axial displacement, is in an elastic working state, ensuring that the shape of the slide groove 1101 does not change significantly, thus not affecting the vertical sliding capacity between the connecting plates. Furthermore, after an earthquake, the upper connecting plate 10 and the lower connecting plate 11 are not easily damaged; only the bolts and the steel plate energy dissipation plate 1 need to be replaced for maintenance and reuse.

[0056] In the friction energy dissipation component I for releasing axial displacement, the preload Fn of the high-strength preload bolts is calculated based on the axial release force F. The axial release force F is calculated based on the elastoplastic time history analysis results of the frame structure. This ensures the correct triggering of the dual-stage working mechanism of the energy dissipator, fully utilizing the energy dissipation capabilities of both the friction energy dissipation component I and the metal yield energy dissipation component II. It prevents excessive preload from causing the friction energy dissipation component I to malfunction and fail to release axial displacement properly, leading to excessive axial deformation and damage to the metal yield energy dissipation component II during a major earthquake. Simultaneously, it prevents insufficient preload from failing to fully utilize the working stage of the metal yield energy dissipation component II.

[0057] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, they are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force, installed between an upper frame beam and a lower frame beam, characterized in that, Energy dissipators include friction energy dissipation components and yield energy dissipation components; The friction energy dissipation assembly includes an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate. The upper connecting plate is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the upper frame beam, and the lower connecting plate is installed on the side of the upper connecting plate. Under the action of a predetermined axial force, the connecting plate can slide relative to the upper connecting plate. The yield energy dissipation component includes a buckling-resistance member and an energy dissipation plate. The buckling-resistance member includes an upper limit seat and a lower limit seat. The upper limit seat is connected to the lower connecting plate, and the lower limit seat is fixedly installed on the lower frame beam. The energy dissipation plate is located between the upper limit seat and the lower limit seat laterally, with its upper end connected to the upper limit seat and its lower end connected to the lower limit seat.

2. The assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are T-shaped structures. The upper connecting plate is installed upside down. The T-shaped structure includes a bottom plate and a web plate. The bottom plate of the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper frame beam. The bottom plate of the lower connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper limit seat. The web plate of the lower connecting plate is installed on the web plate of the upper connecting plate.

3. The assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The friction energy dissipation assembly also includes a bolt fixing plate, which is located on the side of the lower connecting plate opposite to the upper connecting plate. A sliding groove is provided on the web of the lower connecting plate, and the sliding groove is arranged vertically. The bolt passes through the unthreaded hole of the bolt fixing plate, the sliding groove of the web of the upper connecting plate, and the unthreaded hole of the web of the upper connecting plate in sequence to install the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate together.

4. The assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The side of the upper connecting plate web facing the lower connecting plate is a friction surface, both sides of the lower connecting plate web are friction surfaces, and the side of the bolt fixing plate facing the lower connecting plate is a friction surface.

5. The assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper limit seat has an anti-buckling body and an upper mounting plate. One side of the upper mounting plate protrudes from the anti-buckling body. The upper mounting plate is fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate. The lower limit seat has the same structure as the upper limit seat but the opposite installation direction.

6. The assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The energy dissipation plate is I-shaped and includes an upper mounting part, a lower mounting part, and an energy dissipation part located between the upper mounting part and the lower mounting part. The upper limit seat and the lower limit seat are staggered in the vertical direction. The upper mounting part of the energy dissipation plate is mounted on the buckling-resistance body of the upper limit seat, and the lower mounting part is mounted on the buckling-resistance body of the lower limit seat.

7. The prefabricated two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 6, characterized in that, An upper pad is provided between the upper mounting part and the buckling-resistance body of the upper limit seat, and a lower pad is provided between the lower mounting part and the buckling-resistance body of the lower limit seat, so that there is a set gap between the energy dissipation part of the energy dissipator and the buckling-resistance bodies of the two limit seats.

8. The assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper limit seat anti-buckling body is provided with a hook structure on its lower side, and the lower limit seat anti-buckling body is also provided with a hook structure on its upper side. The hook structures of the two limit seats are hooked together, and there is a set gap between the two hook structures in the vertical direction, so that the two limit seats can move relative to each other under the action of a predetermined axial force.

9. The assembled two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The yield energy dissipation assembly further includes an upper local buckling-resistance plate and a lower local buckling-resistance plate. The upper local buckling-resistance plate is installed on the buckling-resistance body of the upper limit seat and is located on the opposite side of the energy dissipation plate. The lower local buckling-resistance plate is installed on the buckling-resistance body of the lower limit seat and is located on the opposite side of the energy dissipation plate. There is a set gap between the upper local buckling-resistance plate, the lower local buckling-resistance plate and the energy dissipation plate.

10. The prefabricated two-stage composite energy dissipator for resisting axial force as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower limit seat is connected to the lower frame beam via a base and an inverted V-shaped support. The top surface of the base has deep bolt holes for connection with the upper limit seat. The bottom of the inverted V-shaped support is provided with a support base plate and anchor rods for connection with the lower frame beam.

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