Full-section support for controlling deformation of advanced section of mining roadway and using method of full-section support

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-section support for controlling deformation of an over-forepart section of a mining roadway and a using method thereof.The full-section support comprises a bottom plate bearing block, a side bearing block and a top plate arched bearing block which are connected through hinge ends to form a full-section straight-wall arched whole; a bottom plate bearing block hinge end is arranged at the end of the bottom plate bearing block, a side bottom hinge end is arranged at the lower end of the side bearing block, a side top hinge end is arranged at the upper end of the side bearing block, and top plate arch bearing block hinge ends are arranged at the two ends of the top plate arch bearing block. Through the hinged connection of the bottom plate bearing block, the side bearing block and the top plate arched bearing block and the design of an internal stress arch, full-section stress balance is achieved, the problems that deformation, local collapse and stress concentration are likely to happen to the front section of a mining roadway are solved, meanwhile, the pressure sensors and the grouting holes are matched, the stress of the support can be monitored and adjusted in real time, and the construction efficiency is improved. And the roadway safety and the construction stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of roadway engineering, specifically to a full-section support for controlling the deformation of the advanced section of a mining roadway and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In order to mine coal resources, numerous tunnels must be constructed. These tunnels are various passages drilled between the surface and the coal seam, used for ore transportation, ventilation, drainage, pedestrian access, and various necessary preparatory works for mining equipment to extract coal.

[0003] After the coal face is pushed forward, the stress in the surrounding mining area will inevitably be redistributed. During this process, an advanced stress increase zone will be formed in front of the working face. This stress increase zone far exceeds the bearing capacity of the coal and rock strata, which will cause serious deformation and damage to the surrounding rock of the roadway in the advanced section of the working face, thereby affecting the safe and efficient mining of the longwall face. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a full-section support for controlling the deformation of the advance section of a mining roadway and its usage method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a full-section support for controlling the deformation of the advanced section of a mining roadway, comprising: a floor bearing block, a side bearing block, and a roof arch bearing block.

[0006] The base plate bearing block, the side bearing block, and the top plate arch bearing block are connected by hinged ends to form a full-section straight wall arch.

[0007] The bottom plate bearing block is provided with a bottom plate bearing block hinge end at its end, the side bearing block is provided with a side bottom hinge end at its lower end and a side top hinge end at its upper end, and the top plate arch bearing block is provided with a top plate arch bearing block hinge end at both ends.

[0008] The hinged ends of the bottom plate bearing block, the bottom side hinged end, the top side hinged end, and the arched bearing block hinged end of the top plate all include mutually cooperating hinged end protrusions and hinged end grooves.

[0009] The top plate arched bearing block is equipped with a top plate bearing block stress arch, the side bearing block is equipped with a side bearing block stress arch, and the bottom plate bearing block is equipped with a bottom plate bearing block stress arch.

[0010] Preferably, the mating surfaces of the hinge end protrusion and the hinge end groove are provided with micro-friction particles.

[0011] Preferably, the upper part of the arched bearing block of the top plate is provided with grouting holes, which penetrate through the thickness direction of the arched bearing block of the top plate.

[0012] Preferably, an arch pressure sensor is provided on the outer side of the top arch bearing block, a side pressure sensor is provided on the outer side of the side bearing block, and a bottom pressure sensor is provided on the outer side of the bottom bearing block. Pressure display screens are installed on the top arch bearing block, side bearing block, and bottom bearing block. The arch pressure sensor, side pressure sensor, and bottom pressure sensor are connected to the pressure display screens via wires.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the base plate bearing block is provided with a base plate bearing block mounting groove, the side wall of the side bearing block is provided with a side bearing block mounting groove, and the side wall of the top plate arch bearing block is provided with a top plate bearing block mounting groove.

[0014] Preferably, the top arched bearing block is constructed as an arc-shaped structure, while the side bearing block and the bottom bearing block are constructed as rectangular structures.

[0015] Preferably, the arched support blocks of the top plate, the support blocks of the side plate, and the support blocks of the bottom plate are all made of high-strength steel.

[0016] According to another aspect of this application, a method for using a full-section support to control deformation of the advance section of a mining roadway includes the following method: S1: Arrange the bottom plate bearing blocks at the bottom of the roadway, and connect adjacent bottom plate bearing blocks by inserting them into the hinge end protrusion and the hinge end groove. S2: Install the side support blocks on both sides of the base plate support block and make the corresponding hinged ends fit together; S3: Install the arched bearing blocks of the top plate between the bearing blocks of the side panels, and complete the insertion to form a closed full-section structure; S4: Grout is injected into the gap between the support and the surrounding rock of the roadway through the grouting holes set on the arched bearing block of the roof.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: the present invention achieves full-section stress balance through the hinged connection of the bottom plate bearing block, the side bearing block and the arched bearing block of the top plate and the internal stress arch design, which solves the problems of easy deformation, local collapse and stress concentration in the advanced section of the mining roadway. At the same time, with the help of pressure sensors and grouting holes, the stress of the support can be monitored and adjusted in real time, thereby improving the roadway safety and construction stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge end of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate bearing block in this invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the side support block and the bottom plate support block in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the arched bearing block of the top plate and the bearing block of the side plate in this invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-segment bracket connection of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slurry and support of the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Grouting hole; 2. Arch pressure sensor; 3. Arched bearing block of the top plate; 4. Bearing block of the side plate; 5. Bearing pressure sensor of the side plate; 6. Hinge end of the bearing block of the bottom plate; 7. Mounting groove of the bearing block of the bottom plate; 8. Stress arch of the bearing block of the bottom plate; 9. Hinge end of the bottom side plate; 10. Pressure display screen; 11. Stress arch of the bearing block of the side plate; 12. Mounting groove of the bearing block of the side plate; 13. Hinge end of the top side plate; 14. Stress arch of the bearing block of the top plate; 15. Mounting groove of the bearing block of the top plate; 16. Hinge end of the arched bearing block of the top plate; 17. Hinge end protrusion; 18. Hinge end groove; 19. Micro friction particles; 20. Bearing block of the bottom plate; 21. Wire; 22. Bottom plate pressure sensor; 23. Grout. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment provides a full-section support for controlling the deformation of the advanced section of a mining roadway, including a bottom plate bearing block 20, a side plate bearing block 4, and a roof arch bearing block 3. The three are arranged longitudinally and are connected to each other through the hinged ends 6 of the bottom plate bearing block, the hinged ends 9 of the side plate bottom, the hinged ends 13 of the side plate top, and the hinged ends 16 of the roof arch bearing block to form a full-section straight wall arch. The full-section support is designed to provide continuous bearing and deformation control during the construction of the advanced section of the roadway. It is also used in conjunction with the arch pressure sensor 2, the side plate pressure sensor 5, the bottom plate pressure sensor 22, and the pressure display screen 10 to achieve real-time monitoring and force feedback.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the base plate bearing block 20 has a rectangular structure. The bottom has a base plate bearing block mounting groove 7 along the longitudinal direction for fixing the support on the roadway floor. The two ends of the base plate bearing block 20 are respectively provided with base plate bearing block hinge ends 6. Each base plate bearing block hinge end 6 has a hinge end groove 18 along the longitudinal direction inside. The hinge end groove 18 is provided with micro friction particles 19 to enhance the contact friction between the base plate bearing block hinge end 6 and the lower end hinge end 9 of the side bearing block 4, ensuring the stability of the support under load. The base plate bearing block 20 forms a base plate bearing block stress arch 8 inside, which is used to evenly transfer the top load to the ground and provide buffer against bending and lateral forces.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the side support block 4 has a rectangular structure, with a top hinge end 13 and a bottom hinge end 9 respectively at the top and bottom. The bottom hinge end 9 cooperates with the bottom plate support block hinge end 6, and the top hinge end 13 cooperates with the top plate arched support block hinge end 16. The hinge ends are all hinge end protrusions 17 and hinge end grooves 18 that fit together. With the help of micro friction particles 19, the side support block 4 can generate fine-tuning displacement under load, while maintaining the overall stability of the support. The side support block 4 forms a stress arch 11 inside, forming stress channels along the longitudinal and transverse directions, which evenly transmits the upper pressure to the bottom plate support block 20, while supporting the load of the top plate arched support block 3.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 as well as Figure 6 As shown, the roof arch bearing block 3 has an arc-shaped structure, with roof arch bearing block hinge ends 16 at both ends, which cooperate with the sidewall hinge ends 13 to form a hinged connection. The roof arch bearing block 3 forms a roof bearing block stress arch 14 inside, which is used to bear the pressure of the roadway roof and transmit stress to the sidewall bearing block 4. The outer wall of the roof arch bearing block 3 is provided with an arch top pressure sensor 2, and the upper surface is provided with a grouting hole 1 that penetrates the thickness direction, which can be used to apply grout 23 for reinforcement and enhance the bearing capacity of the roadway top. The roof arch bearing block 3, the sidewall bearing block 4 and the bottom bearing block 20 are respectively provided with an arch top pressure sensor 2, a sidewall pressure sensor 5 and a bottom plate pressure sensor 22, which are connected to the pressure display screen 10 through wires 21 to realize real-time pressure monitoring.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, firstly, the bottom plate bearing block 20 is placed on the roadway floor. The bottom plate bearing block mounting groove 7 is matched with the ground fixed support. Then, the bottom hinge end 9 of the side bearing block 4 is inserted into the hinge end protrusion 17 and hinge end groove 18 of the bottom plate bearing block hinge end 6. The micro friction particles 19 provide pre-tightening friction force to ensure a firm connection. Subsequently, the top plate arch bearing block 3 is matched with the side plate top hinge end 13, so that the three bearing blocks form a continuous straight wall arch structure. After installation, grout 23 is injected through the grouting hole 1 to further strengthen the contact between the top bearing block and the roadway floor.

[0026] During operation, when pressure is generated during the excavation of the advanced section of the roadway, the roof arch bearing block 3 first bears the roof pressure. The pressure is then evenly transferred to the side bearing block 4 through the roof bearing block stress arch 14, and then to the bottom bearing block stress arch 8 of the bottom bearing block 20 through the side bearing block stress arch 11. Finally, the pressure is evenly applied to the roadway floor through the bottom bearing block 20, achieving full-section bearing and deformation control. The micro-friction particles 19 between the hinged end 6 of the bottom bearing block, the hinged end 9 of the side and bottom, the hinged end 13 of the side and top, and the hinged end 16 of the roof arch bearing block provide micro-sliding adjustment, enabling the support to generate fine-tuning displacement when the pressure changes, thus avoiding local stress concentration.

[0027] The support system simultaneously collects the pressure of the top, sides and bottom plate in real time through the arch pressure sensor 2, the side pressure sensor 5 and the bottom plate pressure sensor 22, and transmits the signals to the pressure display screen 10 so that the construction personnel can monitor the stress status of the support system and adjust the construction progress or grouting volume according to the feedback information to ensure that the support system maintains its structural integrity during the tunnel excavation process.

[0028] In one embodiment, a method for using a full-section support to control deformation of the leading section of a mining roadway includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on experience and theoretical calculations, delineate the range of pressure manifestation of the advance support in the mining roadway. This range is the area where the full-section recyclable support is installed.

[0029] Step 2: Use the scraper head to insert into the mounting groove 7 of the first base plate support block 20 and place it near the junction of the base and the bottom. Then, lift the second base plate support block 20 and push the hinge end protrusion 17 into the hinge end groove 18 to form the hinge end 6 of the base plate support block, thus achieving the splicing of the base plate support block 20.

[0030] Step 3: Use the shovel head of the shovel truck to insert into the mounting groove 12 of the first side support block 4, and push its hinge end protrusion 17 into the hinge end groove 18 of the bottom plate support block 20 to form the bottom hinge end 9, thereby realizing the splicing of the bottom plate support block 20 and the side support block 4.

[0031] Step 4: Repeat step 4 to splice another side support block 4 with the bottom plate support block 20.

[0032] Step 5: Use the shovel head of the shovel truck to insert into the mounting groove 15 of the first arched support block 3 of the top plate, and push its hinge end protrusion 17 into the hinge end groove 18 of the side support block 4 to form the hinge end 13 of the side plate, thereby realizing the splicing of the arched support block 3 of the top plate and the side support block 4.

[0033] Step 6: Use the shovel head of the shovel truck to insert into the mounting groove 15 of the second arched support block 3 of the top plate, and push its hinge end protrusion 17 into the hinge end groove 18 of the side support block 4 and the first arched support block 3 of the top plate, so as to form the hinge end 13 of the side support and the hinge end 16 of the arched support block of the top plate, thus realizing the complete splicing of the bracket.

[0034] Step 7: Repeat steps 1 to 6 to install the brackets to cover the entire advanced support pressure display range.

[0035] Step 8: Use grouting equipment to inject grout 23 into the crack between the support and the tunnel wall, so that the support is in close contact with the surrounding rock wall. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation squeezes the arch pressure sensor 2, the side pressure sensor 5 and the bottom plate pressure sensor 22 to display the support pressure in real time on the pressure display screen 10.

[0036] In summary: This embodiment utilizes a combined structure of a bottom plate bearing block 20, a side plate bearing block 4, and a roof arch bearing block 3. Combined with the convex and concave grooves of the hinged ends 6, 9, 13, and 16 of the bottom plate bearing block, the micro-friction particles 19, the stress arches 8, 11, and 14 of the bottom plate bearing block, the stress arches 14 of the side plate bearing block, the arch pressure sensor 2, the side pressure sensor 5, the bottom plate pressure sensor 22, and the pressure display screen 10, it achieves full-section bearing capacity, deformation control, and real-time monitoring of the advanced section of the mining roadway.

[0037] All parts not covered in this application are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A full-section support for controlling deformation of the advance section of a mining roadway, characterized in that, include: Bottom plate bearing block (20), side bearing block (4) and top plate arch bearing block (3); The bottom plate bearing block (20), the side bearing block (4) and the top plate arch bearing block (3) are connected by hinged ends to form a full-section straight wall arch. The bottom plate bearing block (20) is provided with a bottom plate bearing block hinge end (6) at its end, the lower end of the side bearing block (4) is provided with a side bottom hinge end (9), the upper end is provided with a side top hinge end (13), and the two ends of the top plate arch bearing block (3) are provided with top plate arch bearing block hinge ends (16). The hinge end (6) of the bottom plate bearing block, the hinge end (9) of the side bottom, the hinge end (13) of the side top and the hinge end (16) of the top plate arch bearing block all include a hinge end protrusion (17) and a hinge end groove (18) that cooperate with each other. The top plate arched bearing block (3) is provided with a top plate bearing block stress arch (14), the side bearing block (4) is provided with a side bearing block stress arch (11), and the bottom plate bearing block (20) is provided with a bottom plate bearing block stress arch (8).

2. The full-section support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating surfaces of the hinge end protrusion (17) and the hinge end groove (18) are provided with micro-friction particles (19).

3. The full-section support according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top arched support block (3) is provided with a grouting hole (1) at its upper part, and the grouting hole (1) penetrates through the thickness direction of the top arched support block (3).

4. The full-section support according to claim 1, characterized in that, An arch pressure sensor (2) is provided on the outer side of the top arch support block (3), a side pressure sensor (5) is provided on the outer side of the side support block (4), and a bottom plate pressure sensor (22) is provided on the outer side of the bottom plate support block (20). A pressure display screen (10) is installed on the top arch support block (3), the side support block (4), and the bottom plate support block (20). The arch pressure sensor (2), the side pressure sensor (5), and the bottom plate pressure sensor (22) are connected to the pressure display screen (10) through a wire (21).

5. The full-section support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the bottom plate bearing block (20) is provided with a bottom plate bearing block mounting groove (7), the side wall of the side bearing block (4) is provided with a side bearing block mounting groove (12), and the side wall of the top plate arch bearing block (3) is provided with a top plate bearing block mounting groove (15).

6. The full-section support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top arched support block (3) is constructed as an arc-shaped structure, and the side support block (4) and the bottom support block (20) are constructed as rectangular structures.

7. The full-section support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top arched bearing block (3), the side bearing block (4), and the bottom bearing block (20) are all made of high-strength steel.

8. A method for using a full-section support to control deformation of the advance section of a mining roadway, characterized in that, Including the following methods: S1: Arrange the bottom plate support block (20) at the bottom of the roadway, and connect the adjacent bottom plate support blocks (20) to the hinge end groove (18) through the hinge end protrusion (17); S2: Install the side support block (4) on both sides of the bottom plate support block (20) and make the corresponding hinge ends fit together; S3: Install the top plate arched bearing block (3) between the side bearing blocks (4) and complete the insertion to form a closed full-section structure; S4: Inject grout (23) into the gap between the support and the surrounding rock of the roadway through the grouting hole (1) set on the arched bearing block (3) of the top plate.

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