Adjustable tenon clamping device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining workpiece clamping equipment, and discloses an adjustable tenon clamping device which comprises a clamping assembly and a matching part. The clamping assembly comprises a fixed end, a movable end and a driving part; a workpiece is arranged between the fixed end and the movable end; the driving part is used for driving the movable end to move relative to the fixed end so that the workpiece can abut against the fixed end to be clamped and fixed. The matching part is arranged at the fixed end and the movable end and can be adjusted to be attached to the surface of a workpiece. Wherein the movable end moves towards the fixed end, and the workpiece abuts against and is fixed from the two sides through the matching part. The technical problems that a traditional clamping device in the related technology is poor in tenon fixing effect, difficult to adapt to different tenons and unstable in clamping effect are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of workpiece clamping equipment for machining, and more particularly to an adjustable tenon clamping device. Background Technology

[0002] Since some workpieces use tenons as connecting components, the tenon positions of the workpiece need to be clamped during processing. However, the shapes of tenons vary and the angles are different, making it difficult to ensure stability during clamping. Traditional clamping devices have poor fixing effect on tenons and are difficult to quickly adapt to tenons of different sizes and angles. Loosening and displacement are prone to occur during clamping, affecting the processing accuracy of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application discloses an adjustable tenon clamping device to solve the technical problems of poor tenon fixing effect, difficulty in adapting to different tenons and unstable clamping effect of traditional clamping devices in related technologies.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An adjustable tenon clamping device includes: The clamping assembly includes a fixed end, a movable end, and a driving unit; the workpiece is placed between the fixed end and the movable end; the driving unit is used to drive the movable end to move relative to the fixed end so as to bring the workpiece abut against the fixed end for clamping and fixing. The mating part is located at the fixed end and the movable end, and can be adjusted to fit the surface of the workpiece. The movable end moves toward the fixed end, and the workpiece is pressed and fixed from both sides by the mating part.

[0005] Optionally, the mating part includes two mating blocks that are rotatably arranged relative to each other and a limiting device; the limiting device is used to adjust and fix the angle between the two mating blocks so that the mating blocks abut against the workpiece.

[0006] Optionally, the limiting device includes a worm wheel and a worm that mesh with each other; the worm wheel is located on one side of the mating block, and the worm is located at the fixed end and the movable end; rotating the worm causes the mating block to rotate synchronously with the worm wheel, thereby realizing the angle adjustment and fixation between the two mating blocks.

[0007] Optionally, the drive unit includes a lead screw and a guide rod arranged parallel to each other; the lead screw and the guide rod are respectively inserted through the movable end; the lead screw and the movable end are connected by a thread, and the movable end moves along the guide rod by rotating the lead screw.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes a base plate; one end of the base plate is provided with a fixed end, and the other end is provided with a mounting base; the two ends of the guide rod are respectively connected to the fixed end and the mounting base; one end of the lead screw is provided with a control part for controlling the rotation of the lead screw; The movable end is located between the fixed end and the mounting base, and one side of the movable end is attached to the base plate.

[0009] Optionally, the fixed end and the movable end are respectively provided with mounting grooves on the side near the workpiece; a rotating shaft is provided in the mounting groove; the mating block is rotatably located on the rotating shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the worm gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft; the mounting groove is provided with an ear plate on the side near the workpiece; one end of the worm is rotatably connected to the ear plate, and the other end is provided with a control unit; the control unit is set at the fixed end and the movable end, and the worm is driven to rotate through the control unit.

[0011] Optionally, the control unit includes an electric drive device, the output end of which is connected to one end of a lead screw or worm gear; the lead screw or worm gear is driven to rotate by controlling the electric drive device. Alternatively, the control unit includes a handwheel connected to one end of a lead screw or worm gear; the lead screw or worm gear is driven to rotate by operating the handwheel.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a fixing component. Several clamping components are provided, arranged side by side and installed on the fixing component. Depending on the size of the workpiece, the clamping components fix the workpiece at different positions.

[0013] Optionally, the fixing component includes a fixing seat and fastening bolts; the side of the base plate away from the mating part is fitted with the fixing seat, and the base plate has a through hole facing the fixing seat; the fixing seat has a mounting hole corresponding to the through hole that mates with the fastening bolts; The fastening bolts pass through the through holes and are connected to the mounting holes to abut and fix the base plate to the fixing seat.

[0014] The technical solution adopted in this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides an adjustable tenon clamping device. Through adjustable mating parts located on the fixed and movable ends, it can precisely adapt to tenon surfaces of different angles and shapes, achieving "one clamp for multiple uses" and significantly improving the device's versatility. The adjustable mating blocks can form a large-area, uniform surface contact with the tenon surface, effectively dispersing the clamping force and avoiding stress concentration caused by point or line contact. This greatly enhances the clamping firmness, preventing workpiece loosening or displacement during processing and ensuring processing accuracy. Furthermore, by setting fixed components, multiple clamping units can be installed side-by-side, easily achieving multi-point clamping of large workpieces, expanding the device's application range, and meeting more complex production needs. 2. The adjustable tenon clamping device of the present invention uses a worm gear-worm mechanism as a limiting device when adjusting the mating block and limiting the position. Utilizing its inherent self-locking characteristics, it can reliably lock after the angle is adjusted, ensuring that the angle of the mating block will not change under processing vibration, further improving the stability and reliability of clamping. Furthermore, the drive unit adopts a combination of lead screw and guide rod. The lead screw drive has the characteristics of high precision and smoothness, which can realize micro-feeding of the moving end, making the clamping force control precise and the clamping action smooth. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is an overall assembly drawing disclosed in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 It is attached Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the single clamping component; Figure 3 It is attached Figure 2 Sectional view at point aa; Figure 4 It is attached Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0017] In the diagram: 1-clamping assembly, 101-fixed end, 102-moving end, 103-base plate, 104-mounting seat, 105-through hole, 106-lead screw, 107-guide rod, 108-handwheel, 2-fitting part, 201-fitting block, 202-limiting device, 2021-rotating shaft, 2022-worm gear, 2023-worm, 301-positioning plate, 302-mounting plate, 303-mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0020] Traditional clamping devices suffer from poor tenon fixing performance, difficulty in adapting to different tenons, and unstable clamping effects. Specifically, the traditional rigid clamping surface has poor fit with the tenon's beveled or irregular surface, easily leading to localized stress concentration due to point contact. This not only results in poor clamping stability but may also cause surface damage or deformation of the tenon. Therefore, a mating part 2 is provided on the side of the clamping device that contacts the tenon. The mating part 2 can be adjusted according to the shape of the tenon, making the fit between the mating part 2 and the tenon tighter. This strengthens the clamping device's fixing effect on the tenon and increases the contact area with the tenon, making the clamping more stable.

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 4 The adjustable tenon clamping device provided in this application will be described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, an adjustable tenon clamping device includes a clamping assembly 1 and a mating part 2. The clamping assembly 1 is used to clamp and fix a workpiece, and includes a fixed end 101, a movable end 102 and a driving part. The fixed end 101 and the movable end 102 are arranged opposite to each other, and the tenon of the workpiece to be processed is placed between the fixed end 101 and the movable end 102. The driving part provides power to drive the movable end 102 to move relative to the fixed end 101 so as to abut the workpiece against the fixed end 101 for clamping and fixing. The mating part 2 is an adaptive clamping structure, which is fixedly installed on the side of the fixed end 101 and the movable end 102 facing the workpiece. It can be adjusted according to the shape and angle of the tenon to ensure a tight fit with the surface of the workpiece. Specifically, the driving unit provides power to drive the movable end 102 to move relative to the fixed end 101 in a preset direction, gradually reducing the distance between the fixed end 101 and the movable end 102. When the movable end 102 moves to the point where the mating part 2 is fully in contact with the two sides of the workpiece, the driving unit continues to apply clamping force, so that the mating part 2 firmly clamps and fixes the workpiece from both sides. The clamping force can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the tenon material, providing a stable positioning basis for the subsequent processing of the workpiece and preventing the workpiece from loosening or shifting during the processing.

[0023] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the clamping assembly 1 is used to clamp and carry the workpiece. It needs to be powered by the drive unit to drive the movable end 102 to move, so as to realize the clamping and releasing action of the workpiece. The clamping assembly 1 also includes a base plate 103 for providing mounting support. The base plate 103 is made of steel plate of suitable strength and is precision milled to ensure good flatness of the surface and the flatness of the mounting reference. A fixed end 101 is provided at one end of the base plate 103, and a mounting seat 104 is provided at the other end of the base plate 103 for providing mounting support for the drive unit. A movable end 102 is located between the fixed end 101 and the mounting seat 104, and the drive unit is used to drive the movable end 102 to move between the fixed end 101 and the mounting seat 104. One side of the movable end 102 is in contact with the base plate 103 to limit the offset of the movable end 102 and prevent the movable end 102 from rotating around its direction of movement. The fixed end 101 and the movable end 102 are preferably rectangular block structures, made of high-strength steel that has been heat-treated to ensure sufficient hardness and toughness, and the surface is treated with rust prevention. Mounting grooves for assembling the mating part 2 are respectively opened on the tenon side of the fixed end 101 and the movable end 102 facing the workpiece. The fixed end 101 serves as a fixed reference for clamping, providing a support point on one side of the workpiece, and cooperates with the movable end 102 to complete the clamping of the workpiece, while providing mounting support for some components of the drive unit. The drive unit includes a lead screw 106 and a guide rod 107 arranged parallel to each other. Both the lead screw 106 and the guide rod 107 are preferably made of high-strength alloy steel to improve transmission stability and service life. The lead screw 106 is used to provide driving force and guidance, and the guide rod 107 is used to further limit the movement path of the movable end 102 and ensure its movement stability. Specifically, one end of the lead screw 106 is rotatably connected to the fixed end 101 near the workpiece, and the other end of the lead screw 106 passes through a fixed seat at one end of the base plate 103 and is connected to a control unit; the control unit is used to control the rotation of the lead screw 106; both ends of the guide rod 107 are respectively connected to the fixed end 101 and the mounting seat 104; a screw hole and a through hole 105 are provided at the end of the movable end 102 near the base plate 103 along the moving direction of the movable end 102; the lead screw 106 passes through the screw hole, and the rotation of the lead screw 106 is converted into linear movement of the movable end 102, so that the movable end 102 moves along the lead screw 106; the guide rod 107 passes through the through hole 105, and the through hole 105 and the guide rod 107 are fitted with a precision clearance, which can ensure smooth movement and limit the moving direction path of the movable end 102, prevent the movable end 102 from deviating, and ensure its movement stability; More specifically, the two ends of the lead screw 106 are connected to the fixed end 101 and the mounting base 104 respectively through bearings, thereby achieving rotational support.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the mating part 2 is used to adapt and clamp different tenons, and is responsible for solving the fitting problem of tenons with different shapes and angles; The mating part 2 includes two mating blocks 201 that are rotatably arranged relative to each other and a limiting device 202. Since most of the tenons of the workpiece have inclined surfaces on both sides and at the end, the two mating blocks 201 can rotate relative to each other. The rotation angle can cover the range of inclined surface angles of common tenons, so that one side of the two mating blocks 201 respectively fits against the inclined surfaces on both sides and at the end of the workpiece tenon, thereby greatly increasing the contact area between the mating part 2 and the tenon when clamping, and significantly enhancing the clamping stability. Specifically, the depth of the mounting groove is adapted to the thickness of the mating block 201. When the mating block 201 is rotated to the point where the mating surface of the mating block 201 and the tenon is parallel to the side of the fixed end 101 or the movable end 102 near the tenon, the mating surface of the mating block 201 and the tenon needs to extend beyond the side of the fixed end 101 or the movable end 102 near the tenon to ensure effective contact between the mating block 201 and the tenon. Specifically, the mating block 201 has anti-slip texture on the side closest to the workpiece. The texture adopts a structure design with excellent anti-slip effect, which can effectively increase the friction with the tenon surface of the workpiece and further improve the clamping stability. Specifically, a rotating shaft 2021 parallel to the base plate 103 is provided in the mounting groove, and a shaft hole is provided on the mating block 201, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2021 and rotates around the rotating shaft 2021. The limiting device 202 is used to adjust and fix the angle between the two mating blocks 201, so that when the mating block 201 abuts against the workpiece, the angle of the mating block 201 can be adjusted in real time, resulting in a tighter fit with the side of the tenon. The limiting device 202 includes a meshing worm wheel 2022 and a worm 2023. The worm wheel 2022 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2021 and fixedly connected to one side of the mating block 201, so that the mating block 201 can rotate synchronously with the worm wheel 2022. The mounting groove is provided on the side near the workpiece for mounting support. The ear plate allows one end of the worm 2023 to be rotatably mounted on the ear plate, while the other end passes through the fixed end 101 or the movable end 102 and is equipped with a control unit. The control unit can drive the worm 2023 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel 2022 to rotate through meshing. Ultimately, this controls the rotation of the mating block 201 to adjust the angle. Furthermore, due to the self-locking characteristics of the worm wheel 2022 and the worm 2023, the worm 2023 is the driving member, and the worm wheel 2022 cannot drive the worm 2023 in the reverse direction, thus achieving reliable limiting of the mating block 201.

[0025] Specifically, the control unit preferably has two implementation methods, which can be selected according to the usage scenario: First implementation method: The control unit uses a stepper motor or a servo motor. The stepper motor is preferably a model with high positioning accuracy, and the servo motor is preferably an AC servo motor with power matching. An encoder is equipped to ensure position detection accuracy. The motor is fixedly installed on the mounting base 104 by a motor bracket. The output end of the motor is connected to the end of the lead screw 106 or worm gear 2023 through a coupling. The motor is equipped with a controller for flexibly adjusting the speed and direction. Second embodiment: The control unit is preferably a handwheel 108. The central shaft of the handwheel 108 is fixed to the end of the lead screw 106 or worm gear 2023 by a key connection or threaded connection. The surface of the handwheel 108 is provided with anti-slip texture or rubber sleeve to facilitate the operator's grip and operation.

[0026] The above two implementation methods provide rotational power to the lead screw 106 and worm gear 2023. The electric drive device can achieve precise control and batch operation, which is more time-saving and labor-saving, but the cost is higher. The handwheel 108 is suitable for manual processing scenarios, which is convenient to operate and has a lower cost.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, since the tenon of the workpiece has a certain length, it is necessary to perform multi-point synchronous clamping at different positions of the tenon to adapt to the clamping requirements of large or irregularly shaped tenon workpieces. A fixing assembly is also provided for assembling and fixing multiple clamping components 1. The fixing assembly includes a fixing seat and several fastening bolts. The fixing seat consists of a positioning plate 301 and a mounting plate 302. Both the positioning plate 301 and the mounting plate 302 are made of high-strength steel plates and are connected by full welding. After welding, aging treatment is performed to eliminate internal stress and ensure structural stability. The positioning plate 301 is placed horizontally on the bottom surface, and the mounting plate 302 is set vertically on one edge of the positioning plate 301. Several clamping components 1 are placed equidistantly above the positioning plate 301. The bottom plate 103 of each clamping component 1 is attached to the mounting plate 302 on the side away from the mating part 2. Several through holes 105 are provided on the bottom plate 103 of the clamping component 1, and mounting holes 303 are provided at corresponding positions on the mounting plate 302. After the fastening bolts pass through the through holes 105 of the bottom plate 103, they are threadedly connected to the mounting holes 303 of the fixing seat. The fastening bolts are made of high-strength material and are used with anti-loosening accessories to prevent loosening, thereby reliably pressing and fixing the bottom plate 103. Specifically, multiple clamping components 1 are integrated and installed through fixed components. The number and spacing of clamping components 1 can be adjusted according to the length, width and other dimensions of the workpiece, so as to perform multi-point synchronous clamping on different positions of the workpiece and adapt to the clamping requirements of large or irregular tenon workpieces.

[0028] The adjustable tenon clamping device of this application works on the following principle: According to the workpiece size, the required number of clamping components 1 are installed on the fixed base by fixing components. The spacing of the clamping components 1 is adjusted and fixed by fastening bolts. After installation, the coaxiality of the mating parts 2 of each clamping component 1 is checked to ensure that the accuracy requirements are met. Based on the shape and angle of the tenon, the worm gear 2023 is rotated by the control unit, which drives the worm wheel 2022 and the rotating shaft 2021 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle between the two mating blocks 201. An angle measuring tool can be used to assist in calibration so that the contact surface of the mating block 201 is precisely matched with the surface of the tenon. Place the tenon portion of the workpiece to be processed between the fixed end 101 and the movable end 102, ensuring that the tenon and the mating block 201 of the fixed end 101 are initially engaged. Rotate the lead screw 106 through the control unit to drive the movable end 102 to move along the guide rod 107 toward the fixed end 101 until the mating block 201 of the movable end 102 is fully engaged with the other side of the tenon and sufficient clamping force is applied. If an electric drive is used, the clamping force threshold can be preset through the controller, and the system will automatically stop when the threshold is reached to avoid over-clamping and damaging the tenon, thus completing the workpiece fixing. After the workpiece is processed, rotate the lead screw 106 in the opposite direction to move the movable end 102 away from the fixed end 101, release the workpiece, and remove the processed workpiece.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0030] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0031] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable tenon clamping device, characterized in that, include: The clamping assembly includes a fixed end, a movable end, and a drive unit; the workpiece is placed between the fixed end and the movable end; The driving unit is used to drive the movable end to move relative to the fixed end so as to bring the workpiece abut against the fixed end for clamping and fixing. The mating part is provided at the fixed end and the movable end, and can be adjusted to fit against the surface of the workpiece. The movable end moves toward the fixed end, and the workpiece is pressed and fixed from both sides by the mating part.

2. The adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating part includes two mating blocks that are rotatably arranged relative to each other and a limiting device; the limiting device is used to adjust and fix the angle between the two mating blocks so that the mating blocks abut against the workpiece.

3. The adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting device includes a worm wheel and a worm that mesh with each other; the worm wheel is located on one side of the mating block, and the worm is located at the fixed end and the movable end; rotating the worm causes the mating block to rotate synchronously with the worm wheel, thereby realizing the angle adjustment and fixation between the two mating blocks.

4. The adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving unit includes a lead screw and a guide rod arranged parallel to each other; the lead screw and the guide rod are respectively inserted through the movable end; the lead screw and the movable end are connected by a thread, and the movable end moves along the guide rod by rotating the lead screw.

5. An adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a base plate; one end of the base plate is provided with a fixed end, and the other end is provided with a mounting base; the two ends of the guide rod are respectively connected to the fixed end and the mounting base; one end of the lead screw is provided with a control part for controlling the rotation of the lead screw; The movable end is located between the fixed end and the mounting base, and one side of the movable end is in contact with the base plate.

6. An adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed end and the movable end are respectively provided with mounting grooves on the side near the workpiece; a rotating shaft is provided in the mounting groove; the mating block is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft.

7. An adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The worm gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft; the mounting groove is provided with an ear plate on the side near the workpiece; one end of the worm is rotatably connected to the ear plate, and the other end is provided with a control unit; the control unit is located at the fixed end and the movable end, and drives the worm to rotate through the control unit.

8. An adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control unit includes an electric drive device, the output end of which is connected to one end of the lead screw or the worm gear; the electric drive device is controlled to drive the lead screw or the worm gear to rotate. Alternatively, the control unit includes a handwheel connected to one end of the lead screw or the worm gear; the lead screw or the worm gear is driven to rotate by operating the handwheel.

9. An adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a fixing component, wherein there are several clamping components arranged in parallel and installed on the fixing component, and the clamping components fix the workpiece at different positions according to the workpiece size.

10. An adjustable tenon clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fixing component includes a fixing seat and a fastening bolt; the side of the base plate away from the mating part is attached to the fixing seat, and the base plate is provided with a through hole facing the fixing seat; the fixing seat is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the through hole, which mates with the fastening bolt; The fastening bolt passes through the through hole and is connected to the mounting hole to abut and fix the base plate to the fixing seat.

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