1114results about How to "Improve operational stability" patented technology

The invention discloses an attapulgite clay porous porous ceramsite, a preparation method of the ceramsite, and a purpose of the ceramsite. The ceramsite is prepared from raw materials of attapulgite clay and biomass, and a binder of industrial soluble glass. The ceramsite is prepared through calcining and oxidizing. The attapulgite clay porous ceramsite prepared by the present invention has advantages of high porosity, large specific surface area, high strength, strong water resistance, high water absorption, high catalytic activity, and the like. The porous ceramsite prepared by the presentinvention can be applied as a carrier for a catalyst, and a filling material for an aerated biological filter.

The present invention discloses separating method for converting methanol to prepare DMTO gas, and has improved process after four section compression in the front ethane eliminating process. The present invention has one increased hydrogenating oxygen conversion step between the five section compression and the reflux accumulator of ethane eliminating tower to eliminate acetylene and oxygen produced in the regeneration. Of the condensed and cooled material through the reflux accumulator of ethane eliminating tower, the liquid phase serves as the reflux liquid of the ethane eliminating tower, the gas phase is fed to the deep cooling methane eliminating system and the material after condensing and cooling enters the high pressure methane eliminating tower directly. The DMTO gas separating process can obtain ethylene recovering rate as high as 99.5 %.

The invention relates to a pavement structure and a testing device for bridge deck pavement bonding interface shearing-resistance characteristic, which are based on mechanics principle and indoor test, effectively simulate road surface and simulate stress conditions, can realize continuous change with 0-80 degrees of shearing angle, meet needs of different working conditions and are suitable for the design and research of the pavement structure, the indoor test and engineering test. The testing device comprises an upper part and a lower part, each part comprises a bearing board, a rolling shaft, an arc base, a semi-circular clamp, an internal collet and a clamp fixing device. The whole device also comprises an angle dial scale and an angle pointer and other attached parts which are used for indicating the size of the angle. A square testing piece is arranged in the internal collet, the semi-circular clamp and the base can rotate relatively, after the shearing angle is set, the clamp and the base are fixed by the clamp fixing device. The horizontal surface of the other side of the base is contacted with the bearing board in a rolling way by the rolling shaft, so as to lead the device loading to generate vertical displacement and to move horizontally at the same time.

The invention relates to a modified electrode for a bio-functional multilayer film and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of an electrochemical biosensor and preparation thereof. The modified electrode for the bio-functional multilayer film is formed by assembling the bio-functional multilayer film on the surface of a base electrode, the composition of the bio-functional multilayer film can be described as (inorganic nano-plate / biological active substance / high polymer / biological active substance)n, and the base electrode is a platinum electrode or a glass-carbon electrode. The modified electrode for the bio-functional multilayer film combines the biocompatibility of the high polymer and the rigid structure of the inorganic nano-plate, and has the advantages of sensitive signal response, high-efficiency catalytic ability, good operation stability and storage stability.

The invention discloses a lightweight hydrocarbon hydrogenising method, which adopts a first stage countercurrent hydrogenising reactor and a conventional co-current hydrogenising reactor connected in series. The raw material enters into a flash evaporation area of the countercurrent hydrogenising reactor at a lower temperature, gas-phase hydrocarbon flows upwards and performs a reaction of diene and mercaptan producing sulfide and a diene hydrogenising reaction at the upper part of the countercurrent hydrogenising reactor, high boiling sulfide generated by the upper part reaction and liquid-phase hydrocarbon after the raw material flash evaporation flow downwards together, and an alkylation reaction of thiophene sulfur and olefin is generated; Hydrogen enters at the bottom of the countercurrent hydrogenising reactor and flows upwards. Liquid phase discharged at the bottom of the countercurrent hydrogenising reactor and new hydrogen are mixed and enter into the co-current hydrogenising reactor to perform the reactions, such as deep hydrodesulfurization, selective cracking or isomerization and the like after being heated. The method has the advantages that the technological process is simple, the desulphurization effect is good, the octane value loss is low, the product yield is high, and the required equipment is few. The method is mainly used for the secondary processing the poor-quality gasoline, namely, the upgrading process of catalytic cracking gasoline, coking gasoline or thermal cracking gasoline.

The invention relates to a mechanical arm for an injection molding machine, comprising a connecting plate, a rotary motor arranged at the end of the connecting plate, a half-finished product grabbing plate arranged on one surface of the connecting plate, and a finished product grabbing plate arranged on the other surface of the connecting plate, wherein the finished product grabbing plate is connected with the rotary motor through a finished product mechanical arm, the half-finished product grabbing plate is fixed on the other surface of the connecting plate through a mounting plate, a first air cylinder connected with the half-finished product grabbing plate is arranged on the mounting plate, a second air cylinder is arranged on the finished product mechanical arm, and the finished product mechanical arm is connected with the finished product grabbing plate through the second air cylinder. According to the invention, by arranging the half-finished product grabbing plate and the finished product grabbing plate, the encapsulation and injection molding processes of products are completely operated by the mechanical arm substituted for manpower, thereby improving the production efficiency and operational stability, and preventing the products from being damaged, so that the invention has the advantages of high positioning accuracy, simplicity of operation, simple structure, safety and reliability.

The invention discloses a piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback type magneto-rheological vibration damper which comprises a vibration damper body and a vibration damper controller. The vibration damper body comprises a cylinder barrel, a pressure supporting floating piston, a middle isolation floating piston, a piston rod, piezoelectric generation modules, a spring pressing plate, a force transfer spring, a spring clamping seat, a lower permanent magnet, a magnetic coil, an upper permanent magnet, a magnetism isolating plate, a piston, an excitation coil winding, an electromagnetic induction coil fixing rod and an electromagnetic induction coil. A control box is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel, the vibration damper controller is arranged inside the control box, and a rectifier, a storage battery charging circuit, a first controllable constant current source circuit and a second controllable constant current source circuit are further arranged inside the control box. The invention further discloses a control method of the piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback type magneto-rheological vibration damper. The piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback type magneto-rheological vibration damper has the piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction dual energy feedback function, can achieve not only a damping change function but also a rigidity change purpose, and has good vibration damping performance.

The invention provides a method for largely preparing superfine spherical titanium aluminium-based alloyed powder, which belongs to the technical field of powder preparation. The method comprises the following steps: smelting high-purity aluminium and titanium sponge as main raw materials and Al-Nb intermediate alloy, Ti-B alloy, tungsten powder and high-purity yttrium scraps as auxiliary raw materials into an alloy cast ingot in a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace or a vacuum induction furnace; then carrying out coarse crushing and vortex airflow milling to prepare irregular superfine alloy powder; and finally carrying out plasma spheroidization of radio frequency (RF) and the like to prepare the superfine spherical titanium aluminium-based alloyed powder. The prepared alloy powder has the advantages of high purity, fine particle size, narrow particle size distribution, good uniformity, high sphericity, good flowability and the like and can meet the demands of the technical industrial production of injection forming, gel injection molding forming, thermal spraying and the like.

The invention discloses an automobile, an anti-side turning safety system for the automobile and an anti-side turning safety device thereof. The anti-side turning safety system for the automobile comprises a weight box which is fixed on the automobile and transversely extends left and right along the automobile; a piston type weight block is assembled in the weight box left and right transversely along the automobile in a sealed sliding manner and used for adjusting the center-of-gravity position of the automobile; the weight block separates an inner cavity of the weight box into a left cavity and a right cavity which are not communicated; the anti-side turning safety device also comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic drive mechanism which is arranged on the automobile to drive the weight block to slide in the weight box when in use; and the drive mechanism comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic power source and a liquid conveying pipeline which is communicated with the power source and the left and right cavities of the weight box. The weight block moves left and right to adjust the center of gravity of the automobile so as to prevent the automobile from turning sideward and causing danger.

The invention provides a method for separating dimethyl carbonate and methanol through pressure-swing distillation of heat pump, and an apparatus thereof. In the dimethyl carbonate and methanol through pressure-swing distillation of the heat pump, an atmospheric azeotropic steam material obtained from the top of an atmospheric rectification tower is supercharged and heated by a heat pump compressor, and is introduced to a reboiler at the bottom of the atmospheric rectification tower as a heat source, so a liquid in the atmospheric rectification tower is heated, and the self-condensation of the atmospheric azeotropic steam material is completed. Compared with traditional atmospheric azeotropic steam material condensation through using cooling water and kettle liquid heating realized through an extra external heat source, the method in the invention properly improves the temperature and the pressure of an atmospheric azeotropic steam through the heat pump compressor to make the atmospheric azeotropic steam realize the kettle liquid heating and the reasonable and effective energy cycle as a heat source; and the cost generated by the pump heat compressor is far lower than the cost of traditional cooling water and the external heat source, so a good economic benefit is generated.

The invention discloses a method for hydrotreating heavy hydrocarbon. A hydrotreatment process comprises a pre-hydrogenation reaction zone, an up-flow hydrogenation reaction zone and a fixed bed-trickle bed reaction zone. The method comprise the following steps that: catalytic cracking slurry oil and / or catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil pass / passes through the pre-hydrogenation reaction zone; the pre-hydrogenation reaction zone adopts a fixed bed-trickle bed operation mode; both the reaction effluent of the pre-hydrogenation reaction zone and a residual oil raw material are jointly introduced into the up-flow hydrogenation reaction zone and the fixed bed-trickle bed reaction zone in turn; and the final reaction effluent is separated. The method of directly taking the catalytic cracking residual oil, the catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil and the like as fluxing oil of the residual oil raw material is changed, and the catalytic cracking residual oil and the catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil are pretreated to retard the coking of a catalyst and effectively prevent the generation of a bed layer hot point, so that stable operation of an up-flow reactor is guaranteed, the service life of the catalyst is prolonged, simultaneously the product quality is improved.

The invention provides a hydrorefining catalyst special for new coal tar, a preparation method and an application method thereof, which are used for solving problems existing in the conventional hydrogenation catalyst for coal tar. The hydrorefining catalyst consists of active components, aids and carriers, wherein the active components refer to MoO3 and NiO or MoO3 and CoO; the aids refer to Bi2O3 and K2O; and the carriers refer to alumina and barium oxide. According to calculation by the form of an oxide, the active components, the aids and the carriers account for 15 to 35 percent, 2 to 5 percent and 60 to 83 percent of the total mass of the catalyst respectively. The catalyst is prepared by the following steps of: kneading, grinding, extruding into strips, molding, soaking, performing catalyst post-treatment and the like. New ultrasonic soaking technology is introduced, and the preparation condition of the catalyst is controlled strictly. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst has high surface physical and chemical properties, high purified atom degumming activity, high hydrogenation saturation capability, high stability and high mechanical intensity, and the quality and yield of hydrogenation product oil can be enhanced effectively.

The invention discloses a method for preparing 1,3-diglyceride from a surface active magnetic nanoparticle immobilized lipase, which comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing a superparamagnetic ferriferrous oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticle by coprecipitation performed on a mixture of divalent ferric salt and trivalent ferric salt; performing modification by a silane coupling agent; and activating the surface of the modified nanoparticle by glutaraldehyde to obtain a surface active magnetic nanoparticle; (2) adding a lipase solution, stirring, washing and drying to obtain the immobilized lipase; and (3) catalyzing glycerol to perform an esterification reaction with a fatty acid by adopting the immobilized lipase to obtain the 1,3-diglyceride. By utilizing the immobilized lipase disclosed by the invention, the activity, the operation stability and the regioselectivity are obviously improved in the synthetic reaction of the 1,3-diglyceride; the recycling operation of the lipase is greatly simplified; and moreover, the 1,3-diglyceride is high in purity and does not contain harmful solvents.

A camera assembly, including at least one holder, at least one camera module, and a buffer material, is provided. The holder includes at least one accommodating recess. The camera module is disposed in the accommodating recess, and a gap exists between the camera module and a sidewall of the accommodating recess. The buffer material is filled in the gap to position the camera module in the accommodating recess of the holder. Further, an electronic device including a housing and the camera assembly aforementioned is provided.

The invention provides a novel method for separating a mixture of ethylene glycol and 1, 2-butanediol by adopting azeotropic distillation and extraction coupling technologies. The method adopts continuous azeotropic distillation and extraction coupling separation technologies to separate an azeotropic mixture of ethylene glycol and 1, 2-butanediol; an entrainer and an extraction agent are selected through ASPEN modeling and simulation, and rectification and extraction conditions are determined preliminarily; a polyatomic alcohol mixed solution and the entrainer enter a rectification tower, and azeotropic liquid of ethylene glycol and the entrainer is obtained at the tower top, and 1,2-butanediol with high concentration is obtained at a tower kettle; the extraction agent is not dissolved into the entrainer but can be mutually dissolved with ethylene glycol; the extraction agent is added into the azeotropic liquid at the tower top for extraction, and the entrainer can be recovered; a mixture of ethylene glycol and the extraction agent is rectified under normal pressure or reduced pressure, so as to obtain the ethylene glycol product, and the extraction agent is recovered for cyclic utilization.

The method for producing cyclohexanone by using coked benzene is implemented according to the following steps: A. hydrogenation of the coked benzene to prepare cyclohexene; B. extraction and rectification; C. hydratization of the cyclohexene to prepare cyclohexanol; D. separation and extraction of the cyclohexanol; E. dehydrogenation of the cyclohexanol to prepare the cyclohexanone; and F. refining of alcohol and ketone. The method has the advantages that 1. as the coked benzene, the product of the coal chemical industry, is used as the raw material, the method has resource advantage and cost advantage and saves 15-20 percent of resource and cost when compared with a cyclohexane method; 2. the method has high comprehensive yield rate and low hydrogen consumption, almost 99 percent of the coked benzene is converted into usable products, namely the cyclohexanone and the cyclohexane, the ratio between the cyclohexanone and the cyclohexane is 1:0.25, and the hydrogen consumption is reduced by two thirds; 3. the method is environment friendly; a small amount of waste gas and waste liquid is generated, and the investment in waste disposal is small, therefore the method is a clean production technology; and 4. the method is safer; the hydrogenation reaction and the hydratization reaction are both carried out in liquid, conditions are mild, and the method is safer when compared with a traditional oxidation technology, prevents the corrosion and the byproduct blockage and has high operation stability.

The invention discloses a method for preparing natural gas / liquefied natural gas by denitrifying nitrogen-containing methane gas, belonging to the technical field of denitrification. The method for preparing natural gas / liquefied natural gas by denitrifying nitrogen-containing methane gas comprises the following steps of: precooling raw material gas; rectifying by a high-pressure tower (lower tower); stripping by a low-pressure tower (upper tower); reheating product gas / circulating a mixed refrigerant; and the like. The method has the advantages of high methane recovery rate, high product purity and low energy consumption, and equipment related to the method has the advantages of small size and skid-mounting.

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrodynamic experimental researches, in particular to a vertical multi-plate wave maker. The vertical multi-plate wave maker comprises a water tank, a hydraulic station, a computer control system, a support, an actuator and a wave-making plate, wherein the hydraulic station is arranged on the water tank; the computer control system is used for generating nolinear wave control signals; the actuator is connected with the support; the wave-making plate is hinged with the actuator; the computer control system is electrically connected with the hydraulic station; the hydraulic station is connected with an actuator; the actuator is used for driving the wave-making plate to perform reciprocating motion; and the wave-making plate is formed by hinging a plurality of independent wave-making plates. According to the vertical multi-plate wave maker, vertical speed distribution can be accurately input, waves which are more complex and more variable than those produced by a vertical single-plate wave maker can be produced, and the wave-making accuracy is improved; an embedded system, a programmable logic controller or an industrial personal computer can be selected as a computer control unit, and the quantity and the size of required split plates are selected according to different application requirements of control accuracy, response speed, stability and the like; and on the premise that high accuracy and high response speed are guaranteed, the flexibility and the stability of system operation are enhanced, and the repairing and maintenance costs are reduced.

The invention discloses a sliding locating mechanism assisted by magnets, and the mechanism comprises a first platform and a second platform. The first platform is combined with a double-sided rack and two first magnets. The two first magnets are arranged on the two ends of the double-sided rack and provided with first magnetic poles and second magnetic poles, and the first magnetic poles of the two first magnets are arranged oppositely to each other. The second platform is combined with two magnetic gear wheels which are articulated with the two sides of the double-sided rack, and the two magnetic gear wheels are both provided with the first magnetic poles and the second magnetic poles. When a relative sliding motion is acted between the first platform and the second platform, the two magnetic gear wheels are driven to rotate by meshing with the double-sided rack in a rotating way; when the two magnetic gear wheels are rotated to the middle of the double-sided rack, the first magnetic poles of the two magnetic gear wheels repel each other; when the two magnetic gear wheels are rotated to the two ends of the double-sided rack, the second magnetic poles of the two magnetic gear wheels and the first magnetic poles of the first magnets attract each other.

An embodiment of the invention discloses a video recording method based on a rotary camera. The method comprises the steps that a rotary recording mode of a terminal camera is started; when first sound wave information of a person is detected, the camera is triggered to rotate toward the transmission direction of the first sound wave information; when the camera rotates to a first sound source positon corresponding to the transmission direction of the first sound wave information, detects and obtains facial feature data of a first target person, the camera stops rotating and records a video of the speech of the first target person, wherein the facial feature data of the first target person is any one of a plurality of facial feature data prestored in an assigned memory space of a terminal. An embodiment of the invention also discloses a terminal. The method has the advantages of strengthening operation stability of video recording, improving video recording quality, and enhancing user experience during terminal video recording.

The invention provides a method for extracting Fischer-Tropsch synthesis product heavy distillate from a slurry bed reactor, concretely comprising the following steps: in the slurry bed reactor, when a Fischer-Tropsch reaction gas phase stream and a slurry phase stream flow through a metal sintering filter stick arranged in a liquid phase of the slurry bed reactor, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis heavy distillate and part of catalyst powder can be separated out from the slurry phase of the slurry bed reactor; and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis heavy distillate and part of catalyst powder are fed into a subsequent solid-liquid separation device for further separating the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis heavy distillate and the catalyst powder, so as to make the obtained Fischer-Tropsch synthesis heavy distillate meet the demand of downstream processing. The method avoids the catalyst particles from being brought out from the top part of the reactor by the gas phase stream and depositing on equipment such as a heat exchanger after being further crushed, and also improves the operational stability of the slurry bed reactor and extends the operation cycle of the apparatus, and can also provide qualified Fischer-Tropsch synthesis product heavy distillate to downstream units.

The invention discloses an automobile hydraulic variable-transmission-ratio steering system and a multi-objective optimization method thereof. The automobile hydraulic variable-transmission-ratio steering system comprises a mechanical transmission module, a hydraulic power assisted module, a variable transmission ratio module and a main control module. Aiming at the automobile hydraulic variable-transmission-ratio steering system, mechanical structure parameters and hydraulic parameters which have a great influence on steering performance are selected as optimizing variables, and optimizing objectives are the steering road feel and energy consumption of the steering system; and under the constraint condition of steering sensitivity, multi-objective optimization is conducted through the NSGA-II genetic algorithm of the proposed mixed niche group sharing technology. According to the hydraulic variable-transmission-ratio steering system, the transmission ratio of the steering system can be adjusted according to the automobile travelling working condition, and the characteristics of flexible steering in a low speed and stable steering in a high speed are achieved. After the key parameters of the system are optimized, under the situation of guaranteeing the automobile travelling stability, the good steering road feel can be obtained, meanwhile, the energy consumption of the system is reduced, and the good comprehensive steering performance is obtained.

The invention discloses a handheld electronic device which comprises a first machine body, a second machine body, a sliding block and a positioning part. The first machine body is provided with a bearing surface. The second machine body is stacked on the bearing surface of the first machine body. A bottom surface of the second machine body faces the bearing surface of the first machine body and is provided with a chute. The sliding block is fixedly arranged on the bearing surface of the first machine body and is arranged in the chute in a sliding mode. The positioning part is arranged on the sliding block and is pressed against the inner wall of the chute. The inner wall of the chute is provided with a plurality of positioning concave holes. The positioning concave holes are respectively positioned at a plurality of positions of a moving path of the positioning part so as to mutually interfere with the positioning parts at the positions.

The invention discloses a fundamental wave and harmonic wave detecting method based on three-coefficient Nuttall windowed interpolation FFT. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a sampling data of a detected signal by an analog-to-digital converter; carrying out a three-coefficient Nuttall windowed FFT calculation on the sampling data; searching for a largest spectral line and an adjacent second largest spectral line of an amplitude spectral line for the fundamental wave and each harmonic in an FFT spectral line, according to the amplitude ratio of adjacent spectral peaks and an explicit formulation, directly calculating interpolation coefficients of the fundamental wave and each harmonic; and finally, obtaining the frequency, the amplitude and the phase of the fundamental wave and each harmonic by the interpolation calculation. The invention provides the three-coefficient Nuttall windowed interpolation FFT fundamental wave and harmonic detecting method for directly calculating the interpolation coefficients based on the explicit formulation. The invention has advantages of providing the windowed interpolation FFT fundamental wave and harmonic wave detecting method thereof with small calculated amount and high analysis precision.

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device which produces substantially white light includes a substrate; an anode disposed over the substrate; and a hole-injecting layer disposed over the anode. The device also includes a hole transport layer disposed over the hole-injecting layer; a light-emitting layer doped with a blue light-emitting compound, disposed directly on the hole transport layer; and an electron transport layer disposed over the blue light-emitting layer. The device further includes a cathode disposed over the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, electron transport layer, or the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer being selectively doped in a region which corresponds to an entire layer or a partial portion of a layer in contact with the blue light-emitting layer, the selective doping being with a compound which emits light in the yellow region of the spectrum.

The invention discloses Pichia pastoris engineering bacteria of surface display candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) and a method for catalyzing and synthesizing short-chain aromatic ester. The method comprises the following steps of: fermenting a bacterial strain shake flask of the Pichia pastoris engineering bacteria of the surface display CALB to gain thalli; freezing and drying in vacuum for above 24h to prepare a whole-cell enzyme preparation; carrying out esterification reaction to obtain a short-chain aromatic ester product by adopting short-chain acid and short-chain alcohol as raw materials, the whole-cell enzyme preparation as a catalyst and liquid which can dissolve the short-chain acid and the short-chain alcohol as a solvent, wherein the temperature of the esterification reaction is 20-60 DEG C, the consistency of the whole-cell enzyme preparation of a reactant in a reaction system is 10-40g / L, and the reaction time is 1-6h. Compared with the prior report, the method greatly shortens the reaction time, has a productive rate as high as 98 percent and high continuous operating stability, can recycle the whole-cell catalyst which is centrifugally recovered after the reaction and greatly reduce production cost.

The invention relates the method of regenerating the organic amine desulfurizing agent with two-pole films electrodialysis, comprising the following steps: pouring the heat stability saline solution formed by organic amine at the course of desulfurizing into one of salt chamber, salt / alkali chamber, salt / acid chamber and anode chamber in two-pole films electrodialysis unit, pouring electrolyte solution to the other chambers, the cathode and anode of the unit are connected with negative pole and positive pole of direct current source to control the electric current density which is 10-200mA / cm2; the cation of heat stability saline combined with hydroxide ion to form organic amine. The method has the advantages of simple operating procedure, low energy consumption, and easy assemblage. The method is propitious to extend the organic amine desulfurizing technique.

The invention relates to magnetic graphene oxide composite material immobilized horse radish peroxidase as well as a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of inorganic materials and analysis. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly preparing a magnetic polymer microsphere containing 6-arm polyethylene glycol amide (6-arm-PEG-NH2) from magnetic graphene oxide GO-Fe3O4 and 6-arm-PEG-NH2, immobilizing horse radish peroxidase, and degrading pollutant phenol by virtue of immobilized horse radish peroxidase. The synthetic process of the material is reasonable in design, and the carrier material is coupled with zymoid catalytic activity of graphene oxide and high density amino functional groups on the surface of a multi-arm polymer 6-arm-PEG-NH2, so that the activity and reutilization capacity of immobilized horse radish peroxidase are effectively improved; furthermore, the degradation velocity of prepared immobilized horse radish peroxidase is obviously higher than the degradation velocities of free enzyme and a carrier material.