Test platform for testing mechanical properties of bogie under snaking motion
By designing a test platform that includes a proportional bogie and an active control mechanism, the problem of comfort and safety of rail transit vehicles during serpentine motion was solved, and low-cost and efficient testing and simulation results were achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511471843.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, rail transit vehicles experience reduced comfort, severe wheel and rail wear, and derailment risks when serpentine, and the aging and failure of suspension components exacerbate instability, with a lack of effective testing methods.
Design a test platform that includes a proportional bogie, an active control mechanism, a drive transmission mechanism, and lateral and yaw vibration excitation mechanisms to simulate serpentine motion and suppress vibration through active control. Combine a sandblasting and oil spraying mechanism and a fixed buffer mechanism to simulate different working conditions and reduce external interference.
A test platform for simulating bogie hunting motion is provided, which can effectively suppress hunting motion, reduce external interference, improve test accuracy and stability, and reduce construction and operation costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121521510A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of train bogie testing platform technology, and in particular to a testing platform for testing the mechanical properties of bogies under serpentine motion. Background Technology
[0002] The use of conical wheel treads by rail transit vehicles to navigate curves can cause instability, or serpentine motion, when the vehicle is running at high speeds.
[0003] When a vehicle travels at excessively high speeds, serpentine motion can cause it to sway, reducing comfort, causing severe wheel and rail wear, and even leading to derailment. From a comfort and safety perspective, serpentine motion poses a significant safety hazard; from the perspective of accelerating rail vehicles, it is a major challenge that cannot be ignored.
[0004] In existing technologies, instability can be exacerbated when a vehicle travels on poor roads or is subject to significant external influences, as well as when suspension components of a vehicle age and fail during service. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to at least improve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a test platform for testing the mechanical properties of bogies under hunting motion.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A test platform for testing the mechanical performance of a bogie under hunting motion includes a proportional bogie and a proportional test bench. The proportional bogie is used for active control of the bogie's suspension damping. The proportional test bench is connected to the proportional bogie via a main frame and is used to simulate hunting motion of the bogie. The proportional bogie includes: Framework; Wheelset, located within the frame; A primary suspension mechanism is mounted on the frame to connect the wheelset; The secondary suspension mechanism is installed on the frame to connect the frame and the main frame; An active control mechanism, installed on the frame, is used to change suspension parameters to further suppress lateral and yaw vibrations of the bogie; The proportional test bench includes: A drive transmission mechanism is mounted on the main frame; A transverse vibration mechanism is installed on the main frame; A yawing vibration mechanism is installed on the main frame; The roller pair is mounted on the main frame and corresponds to the wheelset. The roller pair is connected to the output shaft of the drive transmission mechanism. The lateral excitation mechanism is located outside the roller pair and is used to cause lateral vibration of the roller pair to simulate the lateral vibration of the bogie. The yaw excitation mechanism is located between the roller pairs and is used to cause yaw vibration of the roller pair to simulate the yaw vibration of the bogie.
[0007] In one possible technical solution, it further includes a sandblasting and oil spraying mechanism for changing the coefficient of friction between the wheelset and the pair of rollers, the sandblasting and oil spraying mechanism comprising: A sandblasting and painting frame is installed on one side of the main frame; The first air compressor is mounted on the sandblasting and oil spraying frame; A pneumatic triplet is connected to the first air compressor; The nozzle is connected to the pneumatic triplet; The second air compressor is installed on the sandblasting and oil spraying frame; A sand-filling funnel is connected to the second air compressor and the nozzle. During sandblasting, the second air compressor supplies gas to the sand box, allowing sand to enter the sand valve and ultimately be sprayed onto the wheelset. During oil spraying, the first air compressor supplies gas to the pneumatic triplet, and the oil mist lubricator provides lubricating oil, which is then sprayed onto the wheelset.
[0008] In one possible technical solution, it further includes a fixed buffer mechanism for fixing the proportional test bench to the ground and buffering the vibration of the proportional test bench, said fixed buffer mechanism comprising: Shock-absorbing base plate, installed on the ground; Multiple spring shock absorbers are mounted on the shock-absorbing base plate; Multiple sets of hydraulic shock absorbers are installed on the shock-absorbing base plate; The test bench base plate is mounted on the spring shock absorber and connected to the hydraulic shock absorber.
[0009] In one possible technical solution, the lateral excitation mechanism is further used to simulate lateral excitation of the track, comprising: A brushless DC servo motor is mounted on the main frame, and a planetary reducer is mounted on its output shaft. The first coupling is connected to the output shaft of the planetary reducer; Two first driven shafts are installed parallel to each other on the main frame, with one of the first driven shafts connected to the first coupling; Two synchronous pulleys are respectively mounted on the first driven shaft; A timing belt connects two timing pulleys; Two eccentric blocks are respectively mounted on the first driven shaft and directly opposite the bearing seats of the roller pair. The motor amplifies the transmission torque by 96 times through a reducer, and the synchronous pulley allows the eccentric blocks on both sides to rotate synchronously. The lateral stop prevents the slider from falling out. The eccentric mechanism, through the contact between the eccentric blocks and the bearings under the transition piece, pushes the roller pair to move laterally as a whole. Using the contact between the bearings and the eccentric blocks can convert sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing the wear of parts. A rubber spring is placed between the lateral stop and the slider on the other side to provide restoring force, realizing the reciprocating motion of the entire rolling pair. Adjusting the motor speed can simulate the lateral excitation of the track at different frequencies.
[0010] In one possible technical solution, the yaw excitation mechanism is further used to simulate track yaw excitation, comprising: A three-phase asynchronous motor is mounted on the main frame; The second coupling is connected to the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor; The accelerator is connected to the second coupling; A head-shaking and rotating device is connected to the output section of the accelerator; The fourth coupling is connected to the oscillating and rotating device; A bevel gearbox is connected to the fourth coupling. The drive shaft is connected to the output section of the bevel gearbox. The drive wheel is connected to the drive shaft; The driven wheel meshes with the driving wheel, and the three-phase asynchronous motor is connected to the accelerator through the second coupling; the oscillating rotating device is connected to the output of the accelerator, and the periodic rotation law of its internal mechanical structure is input to the bevel gearbox through the fourth coupling; the driving shaft is connected to the output of the bevel gearbox, thereby realizing the periodic rotation of the driving wheel.
[0011] When the three-phase asynchronous motor is turned on, it can drive the accelerator to rotate through the second coupling, and then drive the oscillating rotating device to rotate through the third coupling, thereby realizing the periodic rotation of the drive wheel.
[0012] In one possible technical solution, the active control mechanism further includes: Two rectangular linear inertial actuators are symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame; Mounting plates are installed on both sides of the rectangular linear inertial actuator to fix the rectangular linear inertial actuator. A linear guide slider is mounted on the frame, and its slider can translate along the frame. The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the slider. The rectangular linear inertial actuator applies a lateral force to the proportional bogie to suppress lateral and yaw vibrations.
[0013] In one possible technical solution, the drive transmission mechanism further includes: A three-phase asynchronous motor is mounted on the main frame; The bevel gearbox is mounted on the main frame and connected to the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor; Two reducers are symmetrically mounted on the main frame and connected to the output section of the bevel gearbox. A timing pulley is connected to the output end of the reducer; A synchronous belt connects the synchronous pulleys and the pair of rollers. Turning on the three-phase asynchronous motor drives the bevel gearbox to rotate, which in turn drives the reducer, thus enabling the rollers to rotate via the synchronous belt. Compared to a belt, the synchronous belt operates without slippage, offering a highly accurate transmission ratio and efficiency. It also boasts a compact structure, convenient maintenance, and low operating costs, and can operate normally even in harsh environments. Therefore, this drive transmission structure uses two pairs of synchronous pulleys with a transmission ratio of 1:2. Two large synchronous pulleys are mounted on the roller shafts via keyways, while two small synchronous pulleys are mounted on the motor shaft. The driving force is provided by the three-phase asynchronous motor.
[0014] In one possible technical solution, the primary suspension mechanism further includes: Two straight leaf springs are mounted on the frame; An I-beam is connected to the end of the straight leaf spring that is away from the frame; A bearing housing, mounted on the end face of the I-beam near the frame, is used to mount the wheelset.
[0015] In one possible technical solution, two spring frames are further installed on the top of the main frame, and the secondary suspension mechanism includes: A steel round spring is connected to the spring frame; A grooved part is installed on the frame. The grooved part has a groove, and the steel coil spring is fixedly installed in the groove. The grooved part has a lateral stop function, which can ensure that the proportional bogie does not fly out and injure people in the event of instability.
[0016] In one possible technical solution, the secondary suspension mechanism further includes: Bolts connect the steel round spring to the spring frame, and the preload can be adjusted by adjusting the bolts.
[0017] The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of bogies under hunting motion according to the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The drive transmission mechanism, lateral excitation mechanism, yaw excitation mechanism, and the coordination between the roller pair and the wheelset based on the proportional test bench can simulate the actual working conditions of the bogie's hunting motion. Furthermore, the hunting motion of the bogie can be controlled and suppressed by the active control mechanism, providing a good test platform for the study of bogie hunting motion.
[0018] 2. It occupies a small area, is easy to operate, and has low construction and operation costs.
[0019] 3. The stiffness coefficient of the suspension and the force between the proportional bogie and the proportional test bench can be adjusted based on the two suspension mechanisms.
[0020] 4. This invention can change the friction coefficient of the wheelset at any time, thereby changing the wheel-rail relationship, and can be used to simulate the actual working conditions of different bogies' serpentine motion.
[0021] 5. The present invention is equipped with a fixed buffer mechanism, which can buffer vibrations from different external factors, reduce external interference, and make the test more accurate and stable.
[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a test platform for testing the mechanical performance of a bogie under homing motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a proportional bogie used for testing the mechanical performance of a bogie under hunting motion according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a proportional test bench for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive transmission mechanism of a test platform for testing the mechanical performance of a bogie under serpentine motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral vibration mechanism of a test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under homing motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the yaw vibration excitation mechanism of a test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under serpentine motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sandblasting and oil spraying mechanism of the test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under homing motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the yaw rotation device of the test platform for testing the mechanical performance of a bogie under serpentine motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed buffer mechanism of the test platform for testing the mechanical performance of a bogie under homing motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a graph showing the relevant test data of lateral vibration and yaw vibration of a test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under serpentine motion, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure label: 1. Structure; 2. Wheelset; 3. Primary suspension axle box mechanism; 301. Straight leaf spring; 302. Upper stud; 303. I-beam; 304. Bearing housing; 305. Lower stud; 4. Secondary suspension mechanism; 401. Steel coil spring; 402. Groove-shaped part; 403. Bolt; 5. Active control mechanism; 501. Rectangular linear inertial actuator; 502. Mounting plate; 503. Linear guide slider; 6. Drive transmission mechanism; 601. Three-phase asynchronous motor; 602. Conical gearbox; 603. Reducer; 604. Synchronous pulley; 605. Synchronous belt; 7. Lateral vibration mechanism; 701. DC brushless servo motor; 702. Planetary reducer; 703. First coupling; 704. First driven shaft; 705. Synchronous pulley; 706. Synchronous belt; 707. Eccentric block; 8. Oscillating vibration mechanism; 801. Three-phase asynchronous motor; 802. Second coupling; 803. Accelerator; 804. Third coupling; 805. Oscillating rotation device; 8051. First connecting rod shaft; 8052. Second connecting rod shaft; 8053. Three-link shaft; 8054. First connecting rod; 8055. Eccentric shaft; 8056. Second connecting rod; 8057. Large gear; 8058. Small gear; 8059. Internal gear; 806. Fourth coupling; 807. Bevel gearbox; 808. Fifth coupling; 809. Drive shaft; 810. Drive wheel; 811. Driven wheel; 9. Sandblasting and oil spraying mechanism; 901. Sandblasting and oil spraying mechanism; 902. First air compressor; 903. Pneumatic triplet; 904. Nozzle; 905. Second air compressor; 906. Sand filling funnel; 10. Fixed buffer mechanism; 1001. Vibration-damping base plate; 1002. Spring shock absorber; 1003. Hydraulic shock absorber; 1004. Test bench base plate; 11. Match the rollers; 12. Main frame; 1201. Spring frame. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.
[0027] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.
[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0029] The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects and not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, it may include a series of steps or units, or optionally, steps or units not listed, or other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.
[0030] The accompanying drawings show only the portions relevant to this application, not all of them. Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of these operations may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the operations may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operation is completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the drawings. The process may correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.
[0031] The terms “component,” “module,” “system,” “unit,” etc., used in this specification are used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a unit can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, a thread of execution, a program, and / or distributed between two or more computers. Furthermore, these units can be executed from various computer-readable media on which various data structures are stored. Units can communicate, for example, via local and / or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from a second unit interacting with another unit between a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network; for example, the Internet interacting with other systems via signals).
[0032] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 9 , Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a test platform for testing the mechanical performance of a bogie under slack motion, comprising a proportional bogie and a proportional test bench. The proportional bogie is used for active control of the bogie's suspension damping. The proportional test bench is connected to the proportional bogie via a main frame 12 to simulate slack motion of the bogie. The main frame 12 is a three-layer frame structure, and the proportional bogie is mounted on the top layer of the main frame 12. The proportional bogie includes: Framework 1; Wheelset 2 is located within the frame 1; A primary suspension mechanism 3 is mounted on the frame 1 to connect the wheelset 2; The secondary suspension mechanism 4 is installed on the frame 1 to connect the frame 1 and the main frame 12; Active control mechanism 5, installed on the frame 1, is used to change suspension parameters to further suppress lateral vibration and yaw vibration of the bogie; The proportional test bench includes: The drive transmission mechanism 6 is mounted on the main frame 12; Lateral excitation mechanism 7, mounted on the main frame 12, is used to simulate lateral excitation of the track, wherein the lateral excitation mechanism 7 includes: A brushless DC servo motor 701 is mounted on the main frame 12, and a planetary reducer 702 is mounted on its output shaft. The first coupling 703 is connected to the output shaft of the planetary reducer 702; Two first driven shafts 704 are installed parallel to each other on the main frame 12, and one of the first driven shafts 704 is connected to the first coupling 703; Two synchronous pulleys 705 are respectively mounted on the first driven shaft 704; Synchronous belt 706 connects two synchronous pulleys 705; Two eccentric blocks 707 are respectively mounted on the first driven shaft 704 and are directly opposite the bearing seats of the roller pair 11. Turning on the DC brushless servo motor 701 can drive the planetary reducer 702 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven shaft 704 through the first coupling 703, thereby realizing the rotation of the eccentric blocks 707 to achieve the lateral vibration of the proportional test bench. In this embodiment, the DC brushless servo motor 701 amplifies the transmission torque by 96 times through the reducer, and the synchronous pulley 705 can make the eccentric blocks on both sides rotate synchronously. The lateral stop can prevent the slider from falling out. The eccentric mechanism is driven by the contact between the eccentric block and the bearing under the transition piece, which pushes the roller to move laterally. Using the contact between the bearing and the eccentric block can change the sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing the wear of the parts. A rubber spring is placed between the lateral stop and the slider on the other side to provide restoring force, realizing the reciprocating motion of the whole by rolling. Adjusting the motor speed can simulate the lateral excitation of the track at different frequencies.
[0033] The oscillating vibration mechanism 8 is installed on the middle frame of the main frame 12; Sandblasting and oiling mechanism 9, used to change the coefficient of friction between the wheelset 2 and the roller pair 11, the sandblasting and oiling mechanism 9 includes: A sandblasting and painting frame 901 is installed on one side of the main frame 12; The first air compressor 902 is mounted on the sandblasting and oil spraying frame 901; The pneumatic triplet 903 is connected to the first air compressor 902; Nozzle 904 is connected to the pneumatic triplet 903; The second air compressor 905 is mounted on the sandblasting and oil spraying frame 901; A sand-filling funnel 906 is connected to the second air compressor 905 and the nozzle 904. During sandblasting, the second air compressor 905 supplies gas to the sand box, allowing sand to enter the sand valve and finally be sprayed onto the wheelset 2. During oil spraying, the first air compressor 902 supplies gas to the pneumatic triplet 903, and the oil mist lubricator provides lubricating oil, which is then sprayed onto the wheelset 2.
[0034] Roller pair 11 is mounted on the middle frame of the main frame 12 and corresponds to and matches the wheelset 2. Roller pair 11 is connected to the output shaft of the drive transmission mechanism 6. The lateral vibration excitation mechanism 7 is located outside the roller pair 11 and is used to induce lateral vibration of the roller pair 11 to simulate the lateral vibration of the bogie. The yaw vibration excitation mechanism 8 is located between the roller pairs 11 and is used to induce yaw vibration of the roller pair 11 to simulate the yaw vibration of the bogie. At the experimental operating speed, the initial lateral displacement of the frame and the front and rear wheelsets is set to 3 mm, and the yaw angle is set to 0 mm. The motion of the front and rear wheelsets is calculated as follows: Figure 10 As shown.
[0035] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the oscillating vibration mechanism 8 includes: A three-phase asynchronous motor 801 is mounted on the main frame 12; The second coupling 802 is connected to the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor 801; Accelerator 803 is connected to the second coupling 802; The head-shaking and rotating device 805 is connected to the output of the accelerator 803; The fourth coupling 806 is connected to the oscillating and rotating device 805; The bevel gearbox 807 is connected to the fourth coupling 806; The drive shaft 809 is connected to the output section of the bevel gearbox 807; The drive wheel 810 is connected to the drive shaft 809; Driven wheel 811 meshes with driving wheel 810. Three-phase asynchronous motor 801 is connected to accelerator 803 via second coupling 802. Oscillating rotating device 805 is connected to the output of accelerator 803. The periodic rotation law of its internal mechanical structure is input to bevel gearbox 807 via fourth coupling 806. Driving shaft 809 is connected to the output of bevel gearbox 807, thereby realizing the periodic rotation of driving wheel 810.
[0036] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the oscillating device 805 includes: The first connecting rod shaft 8051 is connected to the third coupling 804; The second connecting rod shaft 8052 is connected to the first connecting rod shaft 8051; The third connecting rod shaft 8053 is connected to the second connecting rod shaft 8052; The eccentric shaft 8055 is connected to the third connecting rod shaft 8053 via the first connecting rod 8054; The second connecting rod 8056 is connected to the eccentric shaft 8055, and a large gear 8057 and a small gear 8058 are installed at the end of the second connecting rod 8056. An internal gear 8059 is mounted on the housing of the oscillating rotating device 805. A third coupling 804 drives the first connecting shaft 8051 of the oscillating rotating device 805 to rotate. The first connecting shaft 8052 connects the second connecting shaft 8051 and the third connecting shaft 8053. The first connecting rod 8054 connects the third connecting shaft 8053 and the eccentric shaft 8055. The eccentric shaft 8055 connects the second connecting rod 8056. The second connecting rod 8056 connects the large gear 8057 and the small gear 8058. The large gear 8057 meshes with the small gear 8058, and the small gear 8058 meshes with the internal gear 8059. This drives the first connecting shaft 8051, and through the connecting rod relationship, causes the gear 8057 to rotate periodically, thereby outputting periodic rotation.
[0037] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the oscillating vibration mechanism 8 further includes: The third coupling 804 is connected to the accelerator 803 and the oscillating device 805. The fifth coupling 808 is connected to the bevel gearbox 807 and the drive shaft 809.
[0038] When the three-phase asynchronous motor 801 is turned on, it can drive the accelerator 803 to rotate through the second coupling 802, and then drive the connecting shaft 8051 of the oscillating rotating device 805 to rotate through the third coupling 804. This, in conjunction with the gear 8052, enables the gear 8053 to rotate periodically, thereby achieving the periodic rotation of the drive wheel 810.
[0039] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the active control mechanism 5 includes: Two rectangular linear inertial actuators 501 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame 1; Mounting plate 502 is installed on both sides of the rectangular linear inertial actuator 501 to fix the rectangular linear inertial actuator 501. A linear guide slider 503 is mounted on the frame 1, and its slider can translate along the frame 1. The mounting plate 502 is fixedly mounted on the slider. The rectangular linear inertial actuator 501 can apply a lateral force to the proportional bogie to suppress the lateral vibration and yaw vibration of the proportional bogie.
[0040] In this embodiment, the actuator of the active control mechanism consists of rectangular linear inertial actuators, one at each end arranged symmetrically. The inertial actuators are fixed to mounting plates on both sides, which are fixed to linear guide sliders, so that the inertial actuators have only lateral degrees of freedom. A tie rod displacement sensor is installed on one side of the active control structure to collect the displacement of the inertial actuator mover, and its mounting bracket is directly welded to the side surface of the frame. The rectangular linear inertial actuator can apply a lateral force to the proportional bogie to suppress the lateral vibration and yaw vibration of the proportional bogie.
[0041] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the drive transmission mechanism 6 includes: A three-phase asynchronous motor 601 is mounted on the main frame 12; The bevel gearbox 602 is mounted on the main frame 12 and connected to the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor 601; Two reducers 603 are symmetrically mounted on the main frame 12 and connected to the output part of the bevel gearbox 602; Synchronous pulley 604 is connected to the output end of reducer 603; A synchronous belt 605 connects the synchronous pulley 604 and the pair of rollers 11. Turning on the three-phase asynchronous motor 601 drives the bevel gearbox 602 to rotate, which in turn drives the reducer 603 to rotate, thereby causing the pair of rollers 11 to rotate via the synchronous belt 605.
[0042] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the primary suspension mechanism 3 includes: Two straight leaf springs 301 are mounted on the frame 1; The I-beam 303 is connected to the end of the straight leaf spring 301 that is away from the frame 1; The bearing housing 304 is mounted on the end face of the I-beam 303 near the frame 1 and is used to mount the wheelset 2.
[0043] In this embodiment, the primary suspension axle box of the primary suspension mechanism 3 is arranged in an inverted manner and consists of an upper stud, a lower stud, a straight leaf spring, an I-beam, and a bearing seat. Rotating the stud and the lower stud can adjust the arrangement angle of the straight leaf spring, thereby changing the primary suspension stiffness parameters. The straight leaf spring has dimensions of 130×10mm, a thickness of 1mm, and is made of 65Mn steel. The initial design is to arrange two leaves overlapping each other. The spring stiffness can also be changed linearly by increasing or decreasing the number of leaves.
[0044] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the straight leaf spring 301 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 via a lower stud 305, and the straight leaf spring 301 is fixedly connected to the I-beam 303 via an upper stud 302. Rotating the upper stud 302 and the lower stud 305 can adjust the arrangement angle of the straight leaf spring 301, thereby changing the stiffness coefficient of the primary suspension.
[0045] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, two spring frames 1201 are installed on the top of the main frame 12, and the secondary suspension mechanism 4 includes: A steel coil spring 401 is connected to the spring frame 1201; A grooved part 402 is installed on the frame 1. The grooved part 402 has a groove, and the steel coil spring 401 is fixedly installed in the groove. The grooved part 401 has a lateral stop function, which can ensure that the proportional bogie does not fly out and injure people in the event of instability.
[0046] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the secondary suspension mechanism 4 further includes: Bolt 403 connects the steel coil spring 401 to the spring frame 1201, and the preload can be adjusted by adjusting bolt 403.
[0047] The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of bogies under hunting motion according to the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The drive transmission mechanism, lateral excitation mechanism, yaw excitation mechanism, and the coordination between the roller pair and the wheelset based on the proportional test bench can simulate the actual working conditions of the bogie's hunting motion. Furthermore, the hunting motion of the bogie can be controlled and suppressed by the active control mechanism, providing a good test platform for the study of bogie hunting motion.
[0048] 2. It occupies a small area, is easy to operate, and has low construction and operation costs.
[0049] 3. The stiffness coefficient of the suspension and the force between the proportional bogie and the proportional test bench can be adjusted based on the two suspension mechanisms.
[0050] 4. This invention can change the wheelset friction coefficient at any time, thereby altering the wheel-rail relationship. Sandblasting increases the friction coefficient by high-speed jetting of abrasive material that impacts the wheelset surface. Typically, the friction coefficient can be increased from 0.2–0.3 to 0.6–0.9 or even higher. Oil spraying applies a lubricating film to the surface, separating the two contact surfaces and reducing wear and friction. Typically, the friction coefficient can be reduced from 0.6–0.9 to 0.05–0.15 or even lower, and can be used to simulate the actual working conditions of different bogie hunting movements.
[0051] Example 2 like Figure 10As shown, this embodiment further improves upon the above embodiment, proposing a test platform for testing the mechanical performance of bogies under serpentine motion. It also includes a fixed buffer mechanism 10 for fixing the proportional test bench to the ground and buffering the vibration of the proportional test bench. The fixed buffer mechanism 10 includes: Vibration-damping base plate 1001, installed on the ground; Four spring shock absorbers 1002 are installed at the four corners of the shock-absorbing base plate 1001; Multiple sets of hydraulic shock absorbers 1003 are installed on the shock-absorbing base plate 1001; The test bench base plate 1004 is mounted on the spring shock absorber 1002 and connected to the hydraulic shock absorber 1003.
[0052] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the hydraulic shock absorber 1003 is installed around the periphery of the test bench base plate 1004, at an angle to the ground, which facilitates multi-directional vibration damping of the test bench base plate 1004 and improves equipment stability. This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, incorporates a fixed buffer mechanism, which can buffer vibrations from various external factors, reduce external interference, and make the test more accurate and stable.
[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.
[0054] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
[0055] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The reference to "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily indicate the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion, characterized in that, It includes a proportional bogie and a proportional test bench, wherein the proportional bogie is used to actively control the suspension and damping of the bogie, and the proportional test bench is connected to the proportional bogie through a main frame to simulate the bogie's serpentine motion. The proportional bogies mentioned above include: Framework; Wheelset, located within the frame; A primary suspension mechanism is mounted on the frame to connect the wheelset; The secondary suspension mechanism is installed on the frame to connect the frame and the main frame; An active control mechanism, installed on the frame, is used to change suspension parameters to further suppress lateral and yaw vibrations of the bogie; The proportional test bench includes a drive transmission mechanism, a lateral excitation mechanism, a yaw excitation mechanism, and a pair of rollers respectively mounted on the main frame. The pair of rollers corresponds to and matches the wheel pair. The pair of rollers is connected to the output shaft of the drive transmission mechanism. The lateral excitation mechanism is located outside the pair of rollers and is used to cause lateral vibration of the pair of rollers. The yaw excitation mechanism is located between the pair of rollers and is used to cause yaw vibration of the pair of rollers.
2. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sandblasting and oil spraying mechanism, which includes: A sandblasting and painting frame is installed on one side of the main frame; The first air compressor is mounted on the sandblasting and oil spraying frame; A pneumatic triplet is connected to the first air compressor; The nozzle is connected to the pneumatic triplet; The second air compressor is installed on the sandblasting and oil spraying frame; A sand-filled funnel is connected to the second air compressor and the nozzle.
3. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed buffer mechanism, which comprises: Shock-absorbing base plate, installed on the ground; Multiple spring shock absorbers are mounted on the shock-absorbing base plate; Multiple sets of hydraulic shock absorbers are installed on the shock-absorbing base plate; The test bench base plate is mounted on the spring shock absorber and connected to the hydraulic shock absorber.
4. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse excitation mechanism includes: A brushless DC servo motor is mounted on the main frame, and a planetary reducer is mounted on its output shaft. The first coupling is connected to the output shaft of the planetary reducer; Two first driven shafts are installed parallel to each other on the main frame, with one of the first driven shafts connected to the first coupling; Two synchronous pulleys are respectively mounted on the first driven shaft; A timing belt connects two timing pulleys; Two eccentric blocks are respectively mounted on the first driven shaft and are directly opposite the bearing housing of the pair of rollers.
5. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oscillating vibration mechanism includes: A three-phase asynchronous motor is mounted on the main frame; The second coupling is connected to the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor; The accelerator is connected to the second coupling; A head-shaking and rotating device is connected to the output section of the accelerator; The fourth coupling is connected to the oscillating and rotating device; A bevel gearbox is connected to the fourth coupling. The drive shaft is connected to the output section of the bevel gearbox. The drive wheel is connected to the drive shaft; The driven wheel meshes with the driving wheel.
6. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active control mechanism includes: Two rectangular linear inertial actuators are symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame; Mounting plates are installed on both sides of the rectangular linear inertial actuator to fix the rectangular linear inertial actuator. A linear guide slider is mounted on the frame, and the slider can be translated along the frame. The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the slider.
7. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive transmission mechanism includes: A three-phase asynchronous motor is mounted on the main frame; The bevel gearbox is mounted on the main frame and connected to the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor; Two reducers are symmetrically mounted on the main frame and connected to the output section of the bevel gearbox. A timing pulley is connected to the output end of the reducer; A timing belt connects the timing pulley and the pair of rollers.
8. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary suspension mechanism includes: Two straight leaf springs are mounted on the frame; An I-beam is connected to the end of the straight leaf spring that is away from the frame; A bearing housing, mounted on the end face of the I-beam near the frame, is used to mount the wheelset.
9. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two spring frames are mounted on the top of the main frame, and the secondary suspension mechanism includes: A steel round spring is connected to the spring frame; A groove-shaped part is mounted on the frame, the groove-shaped part having a groove, and the steel coil spring is fixedly mounted in the groove.
10. The test platform for testing the mechanical properties of a bogie under hunting motion according to claim 9, characterized in that, The secondary suspension mechanism also includes: Bolts are used to connect the steel round spring to the spring frame.