Bone defect model generation method, bone defect entity model and terminal equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and provides a bone defect model generation method, a bone defect entity model and terminal equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining medical image data containing a bone structure of a target object; generating a bone structure model based on the medical image data, wherein the bone structure model is a digital multi-dimensional model containing a bone defect part; a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect part is generated based on the bone structure model, the bone defect model comprises a digital multi-dimensional model representing the bone defect form, and the bone defect model is used for manufacturing a bone defect entity model of the target object. A doctor can visually observe on the virtual digital model of the bone defect model and the entity model of the bone defect entity model, and the doctor can effectively evaluate the bone defect condition of a patient before an operation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a method for generating a bone defect model, a bone defect entity model and a terminal device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In orthopedic clinics, the treatment of diseases accompanied by large bone defects is indeed a big difficulty. In particular, in hip joint replacement revision surgery, bone defects caused by various factors pose higher requirements for preoperative assessment and surgical treatment. If the preoperative assessment of bone defects is insufficient, it may lead to missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, incomplete or unclear diagnosis, and adversely affect the treatment of the disease. In addition, for surgeries that require bone transplantation, titanium mesh or spacer implantation, conventional imaging methods are difficult to confirm the required amount of transplanted bone, the shape of the titanium mesh, and the shape of the spacer before surgery, so there is a high risk during surgery.

[0003] The conventional method for manufacturing a model of a bone defect site only displays the shape of the patient's bone, and it is difficult for the doctor to have an intuitive understanding of the shape and size of the defect on this model. That is, the bone model manufactured by the conventional method does not reflect the volume of the defect and the amount of transplanted bone required for defect reconstruction, and there is still a technical defect that the preoperative assessment of bone defects is insufficient. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for generating a bone defect model, a bone defect entity model and a terminal device, aiming to solve the technical problem that the preoperative assessment of bone defects is insufficient.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for generating a bone defect model, which comprises:

[0006] obtaining medical image data containing the bone structure of a target object;

[0007] generating a bone structure model based on the medical image data, the bone structure model being a digital multi-dimensional model containing a bone defect site;

[0008] generating a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model, the bone defect model comprising a digital multi-dimensional model representing the shape of the bone defect, and the bone defect model being used to manufacture a bone defect entity model of the target object.

[0009] In an embodiment, before the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site is generated based on the bone structure model, the method further comprises:

[0010] if there is a free bone structure in the bone structure model, removing the free bone structure from the bone structure model.

[0011] In an embodiment, the generating the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model comprises:

[0012] determining a spatial condition of the bone defect site;

[0013] if the spatial condition is a closed condition, generating the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model;

[0014] if the spatial condition is an unclosed condition, determining an implant condition of the bone defect site, and generating the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site in combination with the implant condition and based on the bone structure model.

[0015] In an embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0016] obtaining a target region size of the bone defect site;

[0017] determining model design data based on the target region size, wherein the model design data comprises a volume of the bone defect site;

[0018] generating the bone defect model according to the model design data.

[0019] In an embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0020] manufacturing the bone solid model and / or the bone defect solid model.

[0021] In an embodiment, if the spatial condition is the unclosed condition, the determining the implant condition of the bone defect site comprises:

[0022] if the spatial condition is the unclosed condition, obtaining a first projection surface size of an opening corresponding to the bone defect site in the bone structure model;

[0023] obtaining a second projection surface size of the bone defect site, and comparing the second projection surface size with the first projection surface size;

[0024] the generating the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site in combination with the implant condition and based on the bone structure model comprises:

[0025] if the second projection surface size is not less than the first projection surface size, generating assembly design data of the bone defect model, wherein the assembly design data at least comprises a number of bone defect solid sub-models and a connection manner between the bone defect solid sub-models, and the bone defect model is generated according to the assembly design data;

[0026] or

[0027] If the second projection surface size is smaller than the first projection surface size, a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site is generated based on the bone structure model.

[0028] In an embodiment, the assembly design data further comprises a screw hole, the screw hole being a screw hole generated on the bone defect model;

[0029] The screw hole is used to fit a screw, the screw is driven into a pad through the screw hole, so that the pad is fixed to the bone defect physical model, and the screw hole is arranged at a preset safety distance relative to an interference region, the interference region being an interference region between the bone defect site and other tissue structures of the bone structure model.

[0030] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a bone defect physical model of the first aspect, the bone defect physical model comprising at least two bone defect physical sub-models that can be mutually assembled.

[0031] In an embodiment, the connection mode between different bone defect physical sub-models comprises a through connection structure or a non-through connection structure.

[0032] In an embodiment, the connection mode between different bone defect physical sub-models further comprises at least one of a dovetail groove structure, a T-shaped groove structure, and an arc-shaped groove structure.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the method of the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0034] The present application has the beneficial effect that after the construction of the bone defect model, the bone defect physical model of the target object can be made through the bone defect model, the bone defect physical model being a physical model made of the bone defect model of the bone defect site region calculated from the medical image data of the bone structure of the target object, which can effectively reflect the shape and size of the bone defect of the target object, and doctors can intuitively observe on the virtual digital model of the bone defect model and the physical model of the bone defect physical model, which helps doctors to effectively evaluate the bone defect condition of the patient before surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0036] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for generating a bone defect model according to the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is a flowchart of another embodiment of a method for generating a bone defect model according to the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a bone defect entity model established in the case of placing an implant in a bone defect site according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a diagram of assembling two or more entity models to form a bone defect entity model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 is a diagram of connecting two bone defect entity sub-models through dovetail slot structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 is a diagram of connecting two bone defect entity sub-models through T-shaped slot structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 is a diagram of connecting two bone defect entity sub-models through arc-shaped slot structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as a particular system architecture, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

[0045] It should be understood that the term "comprises" when used in this specification and the appended claims indicates the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0046] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" when used in this specification and the appended claims indicates that the associated listed items can be present one or more of the associated listed items, and that the combinations of the associated listed items are also included.

[0047] As used in the specification and the appended claims, the term "if' can be interpreted as meaning "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting" depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [the described condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted as meaning "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [the described condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [the described condition or event]" depending on the context.

[0048] In addition, in the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other embodiments", "in additional embodiments", and so on, in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, unless otherwise specifically specified. The terms "comprise", "comprising", "have", "having", "include", "including", "contain", "containing", and variants thereof, are meant to be construed as "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically noted.

[0050] It can be understood that in the orthopedic clinic, the treatment of diseases accompanied by large bone defects is a big difficulty. For example, in hip joint replacement revision surgery, due to factors such as prosthesis loosening and infection before surgery, there is often a large bone defect. If preoperative assessment is insufficient and bone defect is not handled properly during surgery, it will lead to unstable implantation of the surgery, and ultimately cause surgical failure. Therefore, preoperative assessment and reasonable treatment of bone defects are crucial. At present, the clinic mainly relies on X-ray, CT and other imaging methods to assess the anatomical morphology of the bone before orthopedic surgery. Due to the complex joint structure and irregular shape of bone defects, using the above conventional imaging methods to analyze the bone still has the defect of insufficient assessment of bone defects, and cannot be observed directly on a three-dimensional entity, which may lead to missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis, incomplete or unclear diagnosis, and adverse images on the treatment of the disease. In addition, for surgeries that require bone transplantation, titanium mesh or spacer block, the above conventional imaging methods are difficult to confirm the amount of bone needed for transplantation, the shape of the titanium mesh, and the shape of the spacer block before surgery, so there is a high risk during surgery.

[0051] In addition, a conventional processing manner of the prior art is to manufacture a model of a jaw bone defect site by using a 3D printing technology (belonging to an additive manufacturing process), but the model manufactured by the conventional processing manner only shows the morphology of the patient's bone, and it is difficult for a doctor to intuitively understand the shape and size of the defect on the model, and the model does not reflect the volume of the defect and the amount of bone graft needed for reconstructing the defect.

[0052] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a method for generating a bone defect model, which is applied to a terminal device. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the method for generating a bone defect model mainly includes the following steps:

[0053] Step S10, obtaining medical image data containing the bone structure of a target object;

[0054] It should be noted that the target object can be a patient with a bone defect disease, and the execution subject of the method for generating a bone defect model according to the present application is a computer terminal device loaded with multi-dimensional modeling software, and a user (doctor) can construct a digital multi-dimensional model representing the morphology of a bone defect through the experimental computer terminal device.

[0055] In a specific implementation, the target object can be subjected to medical image examination to obtain medical image data, wherein the medical image data contains corresponding influence data of the bone defect site. The medical image examination method used in the present application includes but is not limited to one or more of CT, X-ray film, and MRI.

[0056] Step S20, generating a bone structure model based on the medical image data, wherein the bone structure model is a digital multi-dimensional model containing a bone defect site;

[0057] It can be understood that the present application can reconstruct the medical image data obtained in step S10 to obtain a digital multi-dimensional model of the bone defect site of the target object.

[0058] The present application takes a digital three-dimensional model as an example to illustrate the digital multi-dimensional model, and since the normal human bone has a clear characteristic morphology, a doctor or engineer can judge the position of the bone defect of the target object by observing the digital multi-dimensional model of the bone defect site of the target object and comparing it with the characteristic morphology of the normal human bone.

[0059] In some embodiments, step S21 is further required to be performed: checking whether there is free bone structure (bone not connected with the body of bone, free bone dispersed in the high-density area outside the body bone) in the bone defect site of the target object, and if there is free bone, removing the free bone structure from the generated bone structure model; in addition, the free bone can be recorded, and it is indicated that there is free bone in the subsequent embodiment of preparing the solid bone model, and the position of the original free bone in the digital multi-dimensional model diagram before removing the free bone is displayed.

[0060] Step S30: generating a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model, the bone defect model including a digital multi-dimensional model representing the shape of the bone defect, and the bone defect model being used to make a solid bone defect model of the target object.

[0061] In a specific implementation, the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site can be established by using a terminal device, including: obtaining the target area size of the bone defect site (for example, measuring the diameter or length of the direction specified by the doctor on the digital multi-dimensional model containing the bone defect site); determining model design data based on the target area size (mainly calculating the volume including the bone defect site); and generating the bone defect model according to the model design data.

[0062] After the construction of the bone defect model is completed, the bone defect model can be used to make a solid bone defect model of the target object. The solid bone defect model is an entity model made of the bone defect model of the bone defect site region calculated from the medical image data of the bone structure of the target object, which can effectively reflect the shape and size of the bone defect of the target object. Compared with the prior art model of the bone defect site, which only shows the shape of the patient's bone and cannot show the shape of the bone defect, the doctor has difficulty in intuitively understanding the shape and size of the defect on the shape model of the patient's bone. In the embodiments of the present application, the doctor can intuitively observe the virtual digital model of the bone defect model and the entity model of the bone defect model, which helps the doctor to effectively evaluate the bone defect of the patient before the operation.

[0063] Further, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 the step S30 of "generating a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model" further includes a step of judging the space condition of the bone defect site, according to the space condition, the following steps S301 to S303 are included:

[0064] In one aspect, in the case of the closed condition of the space condition, step S301 is performed: generating a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model;

[0065] If the space of the bone defect part is a closed case, that is, the bone defect is surrounded by the patient's own bone, or the bone defect is closed after the three-dimensional model of the implant is put into the bone defect according to the doctor's planned operation mode (equivalent to the patient's own bone, the implant put in by operation together surrounds the defect), then the bone defect model is the part of the bone structure model that is hollow, or the part that is hollow after the three-dimensional model of the implant is added to the bone structure model, and the bone defect model is obtained by performing a Boolean subtraction operation on the bone structure model (or the three-dimensional model of the implant is added in the case of putting in the implant).

[0066] On the other hand, if the space condition is a non-closed condition, step S302 is performed: determining the implant condition of the bone defect part to determine whether an implant needs to be placed in the bone defect part during the operation, and generating a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect part based on the bone structure model in combination with the implant condition.

[0067] Specifically, the first case is that, for the bone defect operation, when the space condition of the bone defect part is closed and no implant needs to be placed in the bone defect part, the digital three-dimensional model of the contralateral bone of the bone structure of the target object is mirrored to the bone defect side (note: since the normal bones of the human body are basically mirror-symmetric, for example, the tibia of the normal left leg and the tibia of the right leg are mirror-symmetric, the left side of the pelvis and the right side of the pelvis are mirror-symmetric, and the bone defect side is mirror-symmetric with the contralateral bone if there is no defect), and the bone defect side bone and the contralateral bone are registered, and a Boolean subtraction operation is performed on the mirrored contralateral bone and the bone defect bone to obtain a digital three-dimensional model of the bone defect morphology in the first case (i.e., to generate a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect part).

[0068] Specifically, the second case is that, for the bone defect operation, when the space condition of the bone defect part is closed and an implant needs to be placed in the bone defect part, the digital three-dimensional model of the contralateral bone of the bone structure of the target object is mirrored to the bone defect side, and the bone defect side bone and the contralateral bone are registered, and a Boolean subtraction operation is performed on the mirrored contralateral bone and the bone defect bone to obtain an intermediate digital three-dimensional model, and then a Boolean subtraction operation is performed on the intermediate digital three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model of the implant to obtain a digital three-dimensional model of the bone defect morphology in the second case (i.e., to generate a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect part).

[0069] It can be understood that, in combination with Figure 3 , the Figure 3 schematic diagram shown in the figure is a schematic diagram of the bone defect entity model (digital three-dimensional model) established for the case of placing an implant in the bone defect part, Figure 3 the schematic diagram shown in the figure is actually applied to the acetabular bone defect of hip joint replacement, as Figure 3 shown, the patient's own bone 1 includes a bone defect part 2 and an implant 3, and in a specific application, Figure 3The implant 3 shown is a metal acetabular cup, Figure 3 The situation is shown that the patient's autologous bone, the implant put in by surgery, and the defect together surround the defect.

[0070] Further, in some embodiments, after the step S30, further comprising:

[0071] Step S40: manufacturing the bone solid model and / or the bone defect solid model.

[0072] In a specific implementation, the additive manufacturing technology (Additive Manufacturing, AM) can be used to manufacture the bone solid model and / or the bone defect solid model; the bone solid model of the target object can be manufactured by using the additive manufacturing technology, and the bone solid model can reflect the anatomical morphology of the bone of the target object; the bone defect solid model is a solid model manufactured by a bone defect model of a bone defect site region calculated from medical image data of the bone structure of the target object, which can effectively reflect the shape and size of the bone defect of the target object, and doctors can intuitively observe the bone defect model, which is a virtual digital model, and the bone defect solid model, which is a solid model, which helps doctors to effectively evaluate the bone defect of the patient before surgery.

[0073] In the process of manufacturing the bone defect solid model, the following three cases are divided:

[0074] (Case one) if the bone defect morphology is closed, the whole bone defect model is directly prepared according to the bone defect model obtained in step S30.

[0075] If the bone defect morphology is not closed, the first projection surface size of the opening corresponding to the bone defect site in the bone structure model is obtained; the second projection surface size of the bone defect site is obtained, and the second projection surface size is compared with the first projection surface size.

[0076] (Case two) if the second projection surface size is smaller than the first projection surface size, it means that the whole bone defect model can be put into the defect of the body model (i.e. the opening of the bone defect is larger than the diameter of the internal bone defect), and the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site is generated based on the bone structure model.

[0077] (Case three) if the second projection surface size is not less than the first projection surface size, and it is indicated that the bone defect model cannot be put into the defect of the body model without destroying the shape (i.e., the projection surface at the opening is smaller than the bone defect projection surface, that is, the opening is small and the internal defect is large), the assembly design data of the bone defect model is generated, wherein the assembly design data at least includes the number of bone defect entity sub-models and the connection mode between the bone defect entity sub-models, and the bone defect model is generated according to the assembly design data;

[0078] Specifically, the assembly design data can be to divide the shape of the bone defect model into two or more entity models, which are sequentially referred to as the first entity of the bone defect model, the second entity of the bone defect model, and so on. Each entity model can be placed in the bone defect alone, and a connection structure is designed on the adjacent entity models;

[0079] In some preferred embodiments, the assembly design data further includes a screw hole, and the screw hole is a screw hole generated on the bone defect model; wherein the screw hole is used to cooperate with a screw, the screw is screwed into a pad through the screw hole, so that the pad is fixed to the bone defect entity model, and the screw hole is arranged at a preset safety distance relative to an interference region, and the interference region is an interference region between the bone defect part and other tissue structures of the bone structure model. By pre-calculating the screw hole that is impossible to cause interference with other tissue structures of the bone structure model in the digital multi-dimensional model of the bone defect shape, the position of the screw hole is ensured to be reasonable, and the hidden danger of the pad interfering with the local bone structure of the patient when using the bone defect entity model is avoided.

[0080] The bone defect entity model generated based on the assembly design data can be specifically referred to the technical solutions of the following embodiment two.

[0081] It can be understood that the doctor uses the bone defect entity model generated based on the bone defect model of the embodiment of the application, which can intuitively reflect the shape and size of the patient's bone defect, and is convenient for the doctor to make accurate diagnosis. The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application can be embodied in the following applications:

[0082] For example, in revision hip surgery with acetabular defects, surgeons can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the acetabular defect with the help of a body model and a bone defect model (displayed on the terminal screen). They can view the planned revision acetabular cup and trial mold diameter on the physical model of the bone defect and develop a personalized plan to fill the defect, thereby improving the stability of the prosthesis placed in the revision surgery and reducing the difficulty of the surgery. In surgeries requiring bone grafting to fill the defect, such as joint replacement revision surgery with bone defects, the volume of the bone defect can be calculated to assess the amount of graft needed before surgery. This facilitates the preparation of grafts before surgery, reduces waste, and allows for simulation of the intraoperative situation on both the body model and the bone defect model, enabling pre-operative planning and reducing the difficulty of the surgery. The ontological model and bone defect model of this embodiment can be used for preoperative simulation and assembly to optimize surgical plans, especially in cases where a prosthesis needs to be implanted in the defect, such as knee replacement revision with bone defects or when a metal vertebral sleeve needs to be implanted and bone grafted. Because the shape of the metal vertebral sleeve is irregular, conventional visual assessment methods are difficult to make accurate judgments. The bone defect model and solid model of bone defect provided by this application help doctors to accurately plan the size and shape of the defect to be filled before surgery, reducing the waste of transplanted bone.

[0083] In another application example, doctors observe the solid bone model, the bone defect model, and their assembly with the main model to determine the shape and size of the bone defect in three-dimensional space. The solid bone defect model is then used for compression bone grafting treatment. This is mainly achieved by assembling the main model and the bone defect model, using a titanium mesh on the solid bone defect model to simulate the position of the titanium mesh implanted during surgery, bending the titanium mesh to fit the main model and the bone defect model, and then removing the titanium mesh as a pre-bent titanium mesh for subsequent surgeries. Its beneficial effects include: for young patients, bone grafting to fill bone defects can preserve bone volume, avoiding insufficient bone volume or the inability to remove metal fillers when revision surgery is needed in the future, thus making bone grafting surgery valuable. By using the bone defect model and solid bone defect model provided by BenShen, doctors can pre-bend the titanium mesh before surgery, shortening the operation time and reducing intraoperative blood loss.

[0084] In an application example of structural bone grafting for treating bone defects in hip replacement surgery, knee replacement surgery, or their revision surgery, surgeons can compare the bone used for structural bone grafting (hereinafter referred to as "graft bone block") with a bone defect model to observe any excess portion of the graft bone block. They can then trim the graft bone block and test whether it can be placed within the defect in the model to determine whether further trimming is necessary. This process can be performed simultaneously with surgical procedures at the surgical site. The advantage is that trimming the graft bone block during structural bone grafting surgery is difficult and time-consuming. However, by using the bone defect model and solid model provided by this application, and comparing the graft bone block with the 3D bone defect model, surgeons can more easily determine the location and direction for trimming. Testing whether the graft bone block can be placed within the defect in the model allows for determining the trimming endpoint, thus reducing the difficulty of trimming during surgery. Furthermore, the fact that these operations can be performed simultaneously with surgical procedures at the surgical site shortens the surgical time.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] Based on the bone defect model generation method of Embodiment 1 above, this application provides a bone defect entity model generated based on the method of Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the bone defect entity model 4 includes at least two bone defect entity sub-models 41 that can be spliced ​​together.

[0087] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly of two or more physical models to form a bone defect physical model in the implementation of this application. Figure 4 Taking three bone defect sub-models 41 as examples, in specific applications, Figure 4 The diagram shows the bone defect structure at the bottom of the acetabulum during hip replacement.

[0088] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 In some specific embodiments, the connection methods between the different bone defect entity sub-models 41 include through-connection structures or non-through-connection structures. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the through-connection structure includes a first connection structure 411 and a second connection structure 412, with the first connection structure 411, which plays a connecting role, occupying the entire thickness.

[0089] Optionally, in other embodiments, the connection method between different bone defect entity sub-models 41 also includes Figure 5 The dovetail groove structure 421 shown Figure 6 The T-slot structure 431 shown, and Figure 6 The arc-shaped groove structure 441 shown.

[0090] like Figure 5As shown, two bone defect entity sub-models 41 can be connected by dovetail groove structure 421 staggered arrangement;

[0091] As shown, two bone defect entity sub-models 41 can be connected by dovetail groove structure 421 staggered arrangement; Figure 6 As shown, two bone defect entity sub-models 41 can be connected by T-shaped groove structure 431;

[0092] As shown, two bone defect entity sub-models 41 can be connected by T-shaped groove structure 431; Figure 7 As shown, two bone defect entity sub-models 41 can be connected by T-shaped groove structure 431;

[0093] The above Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The combination of two bone defect entity sub-models 41 can be further combined, for example, three bone defect entity sub-models 41 are connected, two bone defect entity sub-models 41 are connected by dovetail groove structure 421, and two bone defect entity sub-models 41 are connected by T-shaped groove structure 431.

[0094] In addition, screw holes 413 can be reserved on the bone defect entity model 4 or the sub-blocked entity model 41, corresponding to the screw holes for fixing the pad block in the operation.

[0095] In a specific application of the bone defect entity model, for example, in the scenario of implanting a pad block to treat bone defects in hip replacement surgery, knee replacement surgery, or revision surgery, the doctor observes the bone defect entity model and its assembly with the body model to check whether the bone defect entity model can be assembled into the defect of the body model of the target object (patient). For the case where the bone defect entity model is assembled by two or more bone defect entity sub-models, check whether each bone defect entity sub-model can be placed in the defect of the body model and assembled in the defect. After confirming that there is no error, design the pad block based on the digital three-dimensional model of the bone defect (i.e. the bone defect model) or its sub-blocked digital model; for the pad block that needs to be fixed by screw holes, the screw holes of the pad block can be designed by referring to the screw holes of the bone defect model. After designing the pad block, the metal pad block is prepared by additive manufacturing process, and in the operation, the pad block is placed in the defect, and for the pad block with screw holes, the pad block can be fixed to the bone by screwing the screw into the screw hole.

[0096] For older patients, or when there is not enough source of bone graft, using the spacer to fill the bone defect is an effective treatment. By using the bone defect entity model of the application, it can be confirmed whether the spacer can be put into the space of the bone defect site and assembled in the space of the bone defect site before the operation, thereby reducing the risk in the operation. And, by simulating the operation on the bone defect entity model and its ontology model, the screw can be driven, and it can be checked whether the position of the screw hole is reasonable and how long the screw can be driven in the screw hole, thereby further optimizing the position of the screw hole, improving the stability of the operation and improving the safety.

[0097] Embodiment three

[0098] The embodiment of the application provides a terminal device, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, Figure 8 The structure schematic diagram of the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the application is used for the dynamic electrocardiogram analysis method, and can be a dynamic electrocardiogram detector. The terminal device of the embodiment comprises a processor 01, a memory 02, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps in the bone defect model generation method of the application.

[0099] Those skilled in the art can understand that, Figure 8 It is only an example of the terminal device, and does not constitute a limitation, and can include more or fewer components than the figure, or combine certain components, or different components.

[0100] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor 01 can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), ready programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor.

[0101] The memory can be an internal storage unit of the terminal device, such as a hard disk or a memory of the terminal device in some embodiments. The memory can also be an external storage device of the terminal device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the terminal device in some other embodiments.

[0102] In addition, the embodiments of the present application further provide a storage medium, which is a computer readable storage medium, and stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in each of the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0103] The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in each of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or some intermediate forms. The computer readable medium at least includes any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code to the photographing device / terminal device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal and a software distribution medium. For example, a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium can not be an electrical carrier signal and a telecommunications signal.

[0104] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0105] Those skilled in the art can appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0106] In the embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / network device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the embodiments of the apparatus / network device described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between the units can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or in other forms.

[0107] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the embodiments.

[0108] The above-described embodiments are merely used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent replacements; and these modifications or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for generating a bone defect model, characterized in that, The method comprises: obtaining medical image data containing a bone structure of a target object; generating a bone structure model based on the medical image data, the bone structure model being a digital multi-dimensional model containing a bone defect site; generating a bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model, the bone defect model comprising a digital multi-dimensional model representing a bone defect morphology, and the bone defect model being used to manufacture a bone defect entity model of the target object.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site is generated based on the bone structure model, the method further comprises: if there is a free bone structure in the bone structure model, removing the free bone structure from the bone structure model.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site is generated based on the bone structure model, comprising: determining a spatial condition of the bone defect site; if the spatial condition is a closed condition, generating the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model; if the spatial condition is an unclosed condition, determining an implant condition of the bone defect site, and generating the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the implant condition and the bone structure model.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further comprises: obtaining a target region size of the bone defect site; determining model design data based on the target region size, wherein the model design data comprises a volume of the bone defect site; generating the bone defect model according to the model design data.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The method further comprises: manufacturing the bone entity model and / or the bone defect entity model.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein, If the spatial condition is an unclosed condition, the implant condition of the bone defect site is determined, comprising: if the spatial condition is an unclosed condition, obtaining a first projection plane size of an opening corresponding to the bone defect site in the bone structure model; obtaining a second projection plane size of the bone defect site, and comparing the second projection plane size with the first projection plane size; The bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site is generated based on the implant condition and the bone structure model, comprising: if the second projection plane size is not less than the first projection plane size, generating assembly design data of the bone defect model, wherein the assembly design data at least comprises a number of bone defect entity sub-models and a connection mode between the bone defect entity sub-models, and the bone defect model is generated according to the assembly design data; or if the second projection plane size is less than the first projection plane size, generating the bone defect model corresponding to the bone defect site based on the bone structure model.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The assembly design data further comprises a screw hole, and the screw hole is a screw hole generated on the bone defect model. The screw hole is used to cooperate with a screw, the screw is screwed into a pad through the screw hole, so that the pad is fixed to the bone defect entity model, and the screw hole is arranged at a preset safety distance relative to an interference region, and the interference region is an interference region between the bone defect site and other tissue structures of the bone structure model.

8. The bone defect solid model of claim 1, wherein, The bone defect entity model comprises at least two bone defect entity sub-models which can be spliced with each other.

9. The bone defect solid model of claim 8, wherein, The connecting mode between different bone defect entity sub-models comprises a through connection structure or a non-through connection structure.

10. The bone defect solid model of claim 9, wherein, The connecting mode between different bone defect entity sub-models at least further comprises one of a dovetail groove structure, a T-shaped groove structure and an arc-shaped groove structure.

11. A terminal device, comprising: The terminal device comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1-7 when executing the computer program.

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