Battery assembly and method of forming same

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery assembly and a forming method thereof. The battery assembly comprises a first substrate; a bottom electrode layer on the first substrate; the first electric energy transmission layer is located on the bottom electrode layer and comprises first electron transmission layers and first hole transmission layers which are alternately arranged; a perovskite layer; a second substrate; a top electrode layer on the second substrate; the second electric energy transmission layer is located on the top electrode layer and comprises second electron transmission layers and second hole transmission layers which are alternately arranged; the first electron transport layer is aligned with the second hole transport layer, and the first hole transport layer is aligned with the second electron transport layer. The complete perovskite layer is located between the first electric energy transmission layer and the second electric energy transmission layer, scribing segmentation does not need to be carried out on the first electric energy transmission layer, the perovskite layer and the second electric energy transmission layer, and dead zones caused by laser scribing in the first electric energy transmission layer, the perovskite layer and the second electric energy transmission layer are eliminated. And the perovskite layer is not damaged by laser scribing, so that the stability and the reliability of each sub-cell module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a battery module and a method for forming the same. Background Technology

[0002] Perovskite solar cells, as an emerging photovoltaic technology, are attracting widespread attention. They utilize perovskite-type organometal halide semiconductors as their key material; the unique crystal structure of this material enables it to efficiently convert sunlight into electrical energy. Perovskite solar cells exhibit extremely strong light absorption capabilities, achieving highly efficient photoelectric conversion even in very thin films, thus demonstrating outstanding photoelectric conversion efficiency. Currently, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells in the laboratory is comparable to, and even surpasses, some traditional silicon-based solar cells, and still has enormous potential for future improvement.

[0003] The production process of perovskite materials is relatively simple, mainly through solution deposition. This not only simplifies the production process but also significantly reduces production costs and energy consumption. Compared to traditional silicon-based solar cells, the production process of perovskite solar cells is more environmentally friendly and requires less equipment investment, laying a solid foundation for large-scale, low-cost commercial production. These significant advantages of perovskite solar cells make them extremely promising in the photovoltaic field, making them a current hot research area. With continuous technological advancements, perovskite solar cells are expected to play a key role in the global energy transition, providing significant support for promoting sustainable energy supply.

[0004] However, existing perovskite solar cell modules still have many problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a battery module and a method for forming the same, which reduces the dead area of ​​the connection region and improves the stability and reliability of the battery module.

[0006] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a battery assembly, comprising: a first portion, the first portion comprising: a first substrate; a bottom electrode layer located on the first substrate, the bottom electrode layer having a plurality of first trenches arranged parallel to each other along a first direction, the first trenches extending along a second direction and penetrating the bottom electrode layer, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; a first power transport layer located on the bottom electrode layer, the first power transport layer comprising a plurality of first electron transport layers and a plurality of first hole transport layers alternately arranged along the first direction; a perovskite layer located on the first portion, the perovskite layer covering the first power transport layer; and a second portion, the second portion comprising: a second substrate; a bottom electrode layer located on the first substrate; a bottom electrode layer ... A top electrode layer on a substrate, the top electrode layer having a plurality of second trenches arranged parallel to the first direction, the second trenches extending along the second direction and penetrating the top electrode layer; a second power transport layer located on the top electrode layer, the second power transport layer including a plurality of second electron transport layers and a plurality of second hole transport layers arranged alternately along the first direction; the second portion is bonded to the perovskite layer, the second power transport layer covering the perovskite layer, and along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the first substrate, the first electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer are aligned, the first hole transport layer and the second electron transport layer are aligned, to form a plurality of sub-battery modules arranged along the first direction and connected in series.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of the first trenches divide the bottom electrode layer into mutually separated first edge electrode portions and a plurality of first electrode portions, each of the first electrode portions having one first electron transport layer and one first hole transport layer.

[0008] Optionally, one of the first electron transport layers and one of the first hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion.

[0009] Optionally, the first edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions, and the first edge electrode portion has one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer, wherein the one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion.

[0010] Optionally, along the first direction, the first electrode portion and the first edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the first electron transport layer and the first hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of second trenches divide the top electrode layer into mutually separated second edge electrode portions and a plurality of second electrode portions, each of the second electrode portions having one second electron transport layer and one second hole transport layer.

[0012] Optionally, one of the second electron transport layers and one of the second hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion.

[0013] Optionally, the second edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions, and the second edge electrode portion has a second electron transport layer or a second hole transport layer, wherein the second electron transport layer or the second hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode portion.

[0014] Optionally, along the first direction, the second electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the second electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

[0015] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method for forming a battery module, comprising: forming a first portion, the first portion comprising: providing a first substrate; forming a bottom electrode layer on the first substrate, the bottom electrode layer having a plurality of first trenches arranged parallel to each other along a first direction, the first trenches extending along a second direction and penetrating the bottom electrode layer, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; forming a first power transport layer on the bottom electrode layer, the first power transport layer comprising a plurality of first electron transport layers and a plurality of first hole transport layers arranged alternately along the first direction; forming a perovskite layer on the first portion, the perovskite layer covering the first power transport layer; forming a second portion, the second portion comprising: providing a second substrate; and forming a first portion on the first substrate. A top electrode layer is formed on two substrates. The top electrode layer has a plurality of second trenches arranged parallel to the first direction. The second trenches extend along the second direction and penetrate the top electrode layer. A second power transport layer is formed on the top electrode layer. The second power transport layer includes a plurality of second electron transport layers and a plurality of second hole transport layers arranged alternately along the first direction. The second part is bonded to the perovskite layer. After bonding, the second power transport layer covers the perovskite layer. Along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first substrate, the first electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer are aligned. The first hole transport layer and the second electron transport layer are aligned to form a plurality of sub-battery modules arranged along the first direction and connected in series.

[0016] Optionally, a plurality of the first trenches divide the bottom electrode layer into mutually separated first edge electrode portions and a plurality of first electrode portions, each of the first electrode portions having one first electron transport layer and one first hole transport layer.

[0017] Optionally, one of the first electron transport layers and one of the first hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion.

[0018] Optionally, the first edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions, and the first edge electrode portion has one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer, wherein the one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion.

[0019] Optionally, along the first direction, the first electrode portion and the first edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the first electron transport layer and the first hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of second trenches divide the top electrode layer into mutually separated second edge electrode portions and a plurality of second electrode portions, each of the second electrode portions having one second electron transport layer and one second hole transport layer.

[0021] Optionally, one of the second electron transport layers and one of the second hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion.

[0022] Optionally, the second edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions, and the second edge electrode portion has a second electron transport layer or a second hole transport layer, wherein the second electron transport layer or the second hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode portion.

[0023] Optionally, along the first direction, the second electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the second electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] In the battery assembly of the present invention, a plurality of first electron transport layers and a plurality of first hole transport layers are alternately arranged in the first power transport layer, and a plurality of second electron transport layers and a plurality of second hole transport layers are alternately arranged in the second power transport layer. By stacking and aligning the first electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer, and by aligning the first hole transport layer and the second electron transport layer, a complete perovskite layer is located between the first power transport layer and the second power transport layer. This structure eliminates the need for scribing the first power transport layer, the perovskite layer, and the second power transport layer, thereby eliminating dead zones caused by laser scribing in these layers and increasing the active area of ​​each sub-cell module. The increased active area helps to improve current generation, thus enhancing the overall performance of the battery assembly. Furthermore, the perovskite layer is not damaged by laser scribing, thereby improving the stability and reliability of each sub-cell module.

[0026] Furthermore, one of the first electron transport layers and one of the first hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion; one of the second electron transport layers and one of the second hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion. Maximizing the utilization of the area provided by the first and second electrode portions results in a sub-cell module with a maximized volume structure, thereby contributing to increased current generation.

[0027] Furthermore, the first edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions, and the first edge electrode portion has one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer, wherein the first electron transport layer or the first hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion; the second edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions, and the second edge electrode portion has one second electron transport layer or one second hole transport layer, wherein the second electron transport layer or the second hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode portion. The uncovered areas of the first edge electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion are used to provide connection positions for subsequent electrode leads to achieve stable circuit connection and power transmission.

[0028] Furthermore, along the first direction, the first electrode portion and the first edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the first electron transport layer and the first hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, the first width dimension being twice the second width dimension; along the first direction, the second electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the second electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, the first width dimension being twice the second width dimension. This ensures that the structural volume of each of the sub-battery modules remains consistent. This design not only improves the production efficiency of the battery assembly and reduces manufacturing costs, but also ensures the performance stability and reliability of the battery assembly during use, avoiding problems such as uneven current distribution caused by structural differences, and effectively extending the battery's lifespan.

[0029] In the battery module formation method of the present invention, a plurality of first electron transport layers and a plurality of first hole transport layers are alternately arranged in the first power transport layer, and a plurality of second electron transport layers and a plurality of second hole transport layers are alternately arranged in the second power transport layer. By stacking and aligning the first electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer, and by aligning the first hole transport layer and the second electron transport layer, a complete perovskite layer is located between the first power transport layer and the second power transport layer. This structure eliminates the need for scribing the first power transport layer, the perovskite layer, and the second power transport layer, thereby eliminating dead zones caused by laser scribing in these layers and increasing the active area of ​​each sub-cell module. The increased active area helps to improve current generation, thus enhancing the overall performance of the battery module. Furthermore, the perovskite layer is not damaged by laser scribing, thereby improving the stability and reliability of each sub-cell module.

[0030] Furthermore, one of the first electron transport layers and one of the first hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion; one of the second electron transport layers and one of the second hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion. Maximizing the utilization of the area provided by the first and second electrode portions results in a sub-cell module with a maximized volume structure, thereby contributing to increased current generation.

[0031] Furthermore, the first edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions, and the first edge electrode portion has one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer, wherein the first electron transport layer or the first hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion; the second edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions, and the second edge electrode portion has one second electron transport layer or one second hole transport layer, wherein the second electron transport layer or the second hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode portion. The uncovered areas of the first edge electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion are used to provide connection positions for subsequent electrode leads to achieve stable circuit connection and power transmission.

[0032] Furthermore, along the first direction, the first electrode portion and the first edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the first electron transport layer and the first hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, the first width dimension being twice the second width dimension; along the first direction, the second electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the second electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, the first width dimension being twice the second width dimension. This ensures that the structural volume of each of the sub-battery modules remains consistent. This design not only improves the production efficiency of the battery assembly and reduces manufacturing costs, but also ensures the performance stability and reliability of the battery assembly during use, avoiding problems such as uneven current distribution caused by structural differences, and effectively extending the battery's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figures 1 to 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery assembly.

[0034] Figures 3 to 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each step in the method for forming a battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] As described in the background section, existing battery modules still have many problems. These will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Figures 1 to 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery assembly.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 2 yes Figure 1A cross-sectional view along line AA shows a battery assembly, comprising: a substrate 100; and a plurality of sub-battery modules 101 arranged and connected in series along a first direction on the substrate 100; wherein each sub-battery module 101 includes: a bottom electrode layer 1011, a power generation layer 1012 on the bottom electrode layer 1011, and a top electrode layer 1013 on the power generation layer 1012; the bottom electrode layers 1011 of adjacent sub-battery modules 101 are separated from each other by a first trench 1014, the first trench 1014 extending along a second direction. Perpendicular to the second direction; the power generation layers 1012 of adjacent sub-battery modules 101 are separated from each other based on a second trench 1015, the second trench 1015 extending along the second direction, the second trench 1015 exposing the top surface of the corresponding bottom electrode layer 1011; the top electrode layers 1013 of adjacent sub-battery modules 101 are separated from each other based on a third trench 1016, the third trench 1016 extending along the second direction, the top electrode layer 1013 filling the second trench 1015 and electrically connecting with the corresponding bottom electrode layer 1011.

[0038] The power generation layer 1012 of each of the sub-cell modules 101 comprises perovskite. The perovskite absorbs photons to generate electron-hole pairs, which separate charges under the influence of a built-in electric field. The electrons then form a current through an external circuit. The battery assembly is formed by connecting multiple sub-cell modules 101 in series. Series connection refers to electrically connecting the top electrode layer 1013 and the bottom electrode layer 1011 of adjacent sub-cell modules 101. The first trench 1014, the second trench 1015, and the third trench 1016 of adjacent sub-cell modules 101 are achieved through scribing and etching steps.

[0039] However, the connection area formed by the first trench 1014, the second trench 1015, and the third trench 1016 of the adjacent sub-battery modules 101 is a dead zone (e.g. Figure 1 (As shown in Part A), it does not contribute any power. The power generation layers 1012 of adjacent sub-battery modules 101 are separated from each other based on the second trench 1015, that is, the second trench 1015 penetrates between adjacent power generation layers 1012 along the second direction, so that the area occupied by the second trench 1015 along the second direction is large, thereby making the dead area formed by the connection area large. In addition, the power generation layers 1012 are separated by the second trench 1015. During the formation of the second trench 1015 (using laser scribing process), the perovskite layer in the power generation layer 1012 will be damaged to a certain extent, thereby affecting the stability and reliability of each sub-battery module 101.

[0040] Based on this, the present invention provides a battery module and a method for forming the same, wherein a plurality of first electron transport layers and a plurality of first hole transport layers are alternately arranged in the first power transport layer, and a plurality of second electron transport layers and a plurality of second hole transport layers are alternately arranged in the second power transport layer. By stacking and aligning the first electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer, and by aligning the first hole transport layer and the second electron transport layer, a complete perovskite layer is located between the first power transport layer and the second power transport layer. This structure eliminates the need for scribing the first power transport layer, the perovskite layer, and the second power transport layer, thereby eliminating dead zones caused by laser scribing in these layers and increasing the active area of ​​each sub-cell module. The increased active area helps to improve current generation, thus enhancing the overall performance of the battery module. Furthermore, the perovskite layer is not damaged by laser scribing, thereby improving the stability and reliability of each sub-cell module.

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Figures 3 to 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each step in the method for forming a battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] The first part is formed; please refer to the detailed formation process of the first part. Figures 3 to 7 .

[0044] Please refer to Figure 3 Provides the first substrate 200.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first substrate 200 serves as the basic support structure of the first part, ensuring that each functional layer can be accurately deposited and fixed on its surface.

[0046] In this embodiment, the material of the first substrate 200 includes glass or polymer materials (PI, PET, PEN). The material properties of the first substrate 200 (such as transparency and flexibility) also affect the optical performance and application scenarios of the battery module. For example, a transparent glass first substrate 200 is suitable for applications requiring efficient light absorption, while a flexible polymer first substrate 200 can be used in bendable or wearable solar energy devices.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 yes Figure 4A cross-sectional view along line AA shows a bottom electrode layer 201 formed on the first substrate 200. The bottom electrode layer 201 has a plurality of first trenches 202 arranged parallel to the first direction X. The first trenches 202 extend along the second direction Y and penetrate the bottom electrode layer 201. The first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0048] In this embodiment, the method for forming the bottom electrode layer 201 includes: forming a bottom electrode material layer (not shown) on the first substrate 200; and performing a scribing process on the bottom electrode material layer to form the bottom electrode layer 201, wherein the bottom electrode layer 201 has a plurality of the first trenches 202.

[0049] In this embodiment, the bottom electrode layer 201 is made of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) material, specifically indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), or indium zinc oxide (IZO). Using a TCO layer as the bottom electrode material of the battery module provides good conductivity and optical transparency, ensuring that light can efficiently enter the perovskite layer and be absorbed, while simultaneously transferring the generated charge to the external circuitry.

[0050] ITO possesses excellent electrical conductivity and optical transparency, exhibiting low resistivity and maintaining high transmittance in the visible light range. ITO thin films are typically prepared using methods such as sputtering or evaporation and are widely used in various optoelectronic devices, such as touchscreens, liquid crystal displays, and solar cells.

[0051] The main component of tin oxide (FTO) is tin dioxide, with conductivity improved by doping with fluorine. FTO exhibits good chemical and mechanical stability, maintaining its performance even in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Furthermore, FTO has relatively low manufacturing costs and is abundant in resources, thus it is widely used in large-area solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.

[0052] Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO) is a relatively new total organic carbon (TCO) material composed of indium oxide and zinc oxide. IZO films exhibit good electrical conductivity and optical transparency, and are highly adaptable to various processing conditions, enabling the fabrication of high-quality films at relatively low temperatures. IZO is primarily used in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), thin-film transistors, and perovskite solar cells.

[0053] In this embodiment, the bottom electrode material layer is deposited on the first substrate 200 using a mask, and the bottom electrode material layer is deposited by a vacuum deposition process (e.g., evaporation or sputtering) or a solution-based process (e.g., spraying or printing).

[0054] In this embodiment, laser scribing is used to perform the scribing and segmentation process on the bottom electrode material layer.

[0055] In this embodiment, a plurality of first trenches 202 divide the bottom electrode layer 201 into mutually separated first edge electrode portions 2011 and a plurality of first electrode portions 2012. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The image shows three first trenches 202, which correspondingly divide the bottom electrode layer 201 into one first edge electrode portion 2011 and three first electrode portions 2012.

[0056] In this embodiment, along the first direction X, the first electrode portion 2012 and the first edge electrode portion 2011 each have a first width dimension 2a.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view along line BB shows that a first power transport layer 203 is formed on the bottom electrode layer 201. The first power transport layer 203 includes a plurality of first electron transport layers 2031 and a plurality of first hole transport layers 2032 arranged alternately along the first direction X.

[0058] In this embodiment, the method for forming the first electron transport layer 2031 and the first hole transport layer 2032 includes: attaching a first mask (not shown) to the bottom electrode layer 201, the first mask covering a portion of the top surface of the bottom electrode layer 201; forming a first electron transport material layer (not shown) on the exposed top surface of the bottom electrode layer 201 and the surface of the first mask; after forming the first electron transport material layer, removing the first mask to form the first electron transport layer 2031; after forming the first electron transport layer 2031, attaching a second mask, the second mask covering the top surface of the first electron transport layer 2031 and exposing the uncovered top surface of the bottom electrode layer 201; forming a first hole transport material layer (not shown) based on the second mask; and after forming the first hole transport material layer, removing the second mask to form the first hole transport layer 2032.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first electron transport material layer and the first hole transport material layer are deposited by vacuum deposition process (e.g., evaporation or sputtering) or solution-based process (e.g., spraying or printing).

[0060] In this embodiment, each first electrode portion 2012 has one first electron transport layer 2031 and one first hole transport layer 2032; the first electron transport layer 2031 and the first hole transport layer 2032 completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion 2012. Maximizing the utilization of the area provided by the first electrode portion 2012 allows the subsequently formed sub-cell module to have a maximized volume structure, thereby helping to increase the current generation.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first edge electrode portion 2011 is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions 2012. The first edge electrode portion 2011 has one first electron transport layer 2031 or one first hole transport layer 2032, wherein the first electron transport layer 2031 or the first hole transport layer 2032 does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion 2011. The uncovered area of ​​the first edge electrode portion 2011 is used to provide connection positions for subsequent electrode leads to achieve stable circuit connection and power transmission.

[0062] Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diagram shows four first hole transport layers 2032 and three first electron transport layers 2031, wherein each first electrode portion 2012 has one first hole transport layer 2032 and one first electron transport layer 2031, and the first edge electrode portion 2011 has one first hole transport layer 2032.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first electron transport layer 2031 and the first hole transport layer 2032 each have a second width dimension 'a', where the first width dimension 2a is twice the second width dimension 'a'. This ensures that the structural volume of each subsequently formed sub-battery module remains consistent. This design not only improves the production efficiency of the battery assembly and reduces manufacturing costs, but also guarantees the performance stability and reliability of the battery assembly during use, avoiding problems such as uneven current distribution caused by structural differences, and effectively extending the battery's lifespan.

[0064] In this embodiment, the material of the first hole transport layer 2032 includes nickel oxide (NiO), polytriarylamine (PTAA), or self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). NiO is a common metal oxide with excellent hole transport performance and is widely used in the first hole transport layer 2032 of organic and perovskite solar cells. PTAA is a polymer material with excellent hole transport capabilities and is commonly used in perovskite solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to effectively improve device efficiency and stability. SAMs are monolayers formed by the self-assembly of organic molecules on the surface of the first substrate 200 using chemical methods. In perovskite solar cells, SAMs can serve as interface modification materials to improve the contact between the electrode and the perovskite layer, thereby increasing hole transport efficiency.

[0065] In this embodiment, the material of the first electron transport layer 2031 includes: fullerene (C 60 [6,6]-phenyl-C 61 - Methyl butyrate (PCBM) or tin dioxide (SnO2); wherein, C 60 2031 is a spherical molecule composed of 60 carbon atoms, possessing a unique electronic structure and excellent electron transport properties. It is commonly used as the first electron transport layer in organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells. PCBM is a fullerene derivative with better solubility and electron transport properties, and is one of the commonly used electron transport materials in organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells. SnO2 is a metal oxide with good electron transport properties and transparent conductivity. It is commonly used as the first electron transport layer in devices such as perovskite solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), effectively improving the efficiency and stability of the devices.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 and Figure 7 With the view direction consistent, after forming the first part, a perovskite layer 204 is formed on the first part, the perovskite layer 204 covering the first power transmission layer 203.

[0067] In this embodiment, the perovskite layer 204 is made of an ABX3 structure, wherein A includes cesium (Cs), methylamine (CH3NH3, MA) or formamidinium (HC(NH2)2, FA); B includes lead (Pb) or tin (Sn); and X includes bromine (Br) or iodine (I).

[0068] The second part is formed; please refer to the specific process of its formation. Figures 9 to 13 .

[0069] Please refer to Figure 9Provides a second substrate 300.

[0070] In this embodiment, the second substrate 300 serves as the basic support structure for the second part, ensuring that each functional layer can be accurately deposited and fixed on its surface.

[0071] In this embodiment, the material selection of the second substrate 300 is the same as that of the first substrate 200, and will not be repeated here. The materials of the first substrate 200 and the second substrate 300 may be the same or different.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A cross-sectional view along the CC line shows a top electrode layer 301 formed on the second substrate 300. The top electrode layer 301 has a plurality of second trenches 302 arranged parallel to the first direction X. The second trenches 302 extend along the second direction Y and penetrate the top electrode layer 301.

[0073] In this embodiment, the method for forming the top electrode layer 301 includes: forming a top electrode material layer (not shown) on the second substrate 300; and performing a scribing process on the top electrode material layer to form the top electrode layer 301, wherein the top electrode layer 301 has a plurality of second trenches 302.

[0074] In this embodiment, the material of the top electrode layer 301 includes: indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium tungsten oxide (IWO), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), or gold (Au). ITO is a transparent conductive oxide with excellent conductivity and transparency, widely used in various optoelectronic devices such as solar cells and liquid crystal displays as a transparent electrode material. IZO is a transparent conductive oxide, similar to ITO, also possessing good conductivity and transparency, but its preparation cost is relatively low, and it has better chemical stability and mechanical properties. IWO is a transparent conductive oxide with good conductivity and transparency, but its preparation process is relatively complex; however, it is also used in some high-performance optoelectronic devices. Cu is a common metallic material with good conductivity and ductility, and can be used as an electrode material in devices such as solar cells. However, copper is easily oxidized in air and requires appropriate protection. Ag is a metallic material with excellent conductivity and is often used to prepare high-performance electrodes. In optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, silver electrodes can effectively reduce electrode resistance and improve device efficiency. Au, a precious metal, possesses excellent electrical conductivity and chemical stability, and is often used to fabricate high-performance electrodes. For some optoelectronic devices with extremely high requirements for stability and performance, gold electrodes are the ideal choice.

[0075] In this embodiment, the top electrode material layer is deposited on the second substrate 300 using a mask, and the top electrode material layer is deposited by a vacuum deposition process (e.g., evaporation or sputtering) or a solution-based process (e.g., spraying or printing).

[0076] In this embodiment, laser scribing is used to perform scribing and segmentation on the top electrode material layer.

[0077] In this embodiment, a plurality of second trenches 302 divide the top electrode layer 301 into mutually separated second edge electrode 3011 portions and a plurality of second electrode portions 3012. Figure 10 and Figure 11 The diagram shows three second trenches 302, which correspondingly divide the top electrode layer 301 into one second edge electrode 3011 and three second electrode portions 3012.

[0078] In this embodiment, along the first direction X, the second electrode portion 3012 and the second edge electrode portion 3011 each have a first width dimension 2a.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A cross-sectional view along the DD line shows that a second power transport layer 303 is formed on the top electrode layer 301. The second power transport layer 303 includes a plurality of second electron transport layers 3031 and a plurality of second hole transport layers 3032 arranged alternately along the first direction X.

[0080] In this embodiment, the method for forming the second electron transport layer 3031 and the second hole transport layer 3032 includes: forming a third sacrificial layer (not shown) on the top electrode layer 301, the third sacrificial layer covering a portion of the top surface of the top electrode layer 301; using the third sacrificial layer as a mask, forming a second electron transport material layer (not shown) on the exposed top surface of the top electrode layer 301 and the top surface of the third sacrificial layer; after forming the second electron transport material layer, removing the third sacrificial layer and the second electron transport material layer located on the third sacrificial layer, forming... A second electron transport layer 3031 is formed; after forming the second electron transport layer 3031, a fourth sacrificial layer (not shown) is formed, which covers the top surface of the second electron transport layer 3031; using the fourth sacrificial layer as a mask, a second hole transport material layer (not shown) is formed on the exposed top surface of the top electrode layer 301 and the top surface of the fourth sacrificial layer; after forming the second hole transport layer 3032, the fourth sacrificial layer and the second hole transport material layer located on the fourth sacrificial layer are removed to form the second hole transport layer 3032.

[0081] In this embodiment, the second electron transport material layer and the second hole transport material layer are deposited by vacuum deposition process (e.g., evaporation or sputtering) or solution-based process (e.g., spraying or printing).

[0082] In this embodiment, each second electrode portion 3012 has one second electron transport layer 3031 and one second hole transport layer 3032; the second electron transport layer 3031 and the second hole transport layer 3032 completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion 3012. Maximizing the utilization of the area provided by the second electrode portion 3012 allows the subsequently formed sub-cell module to have a maximized volume structure, thereby helping to increase the current generation.

[0083] In this embodiment, the second edge electrode 3011 is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions 3012. The second edge electrode 3011 has one second electron transport layer 3031 or one second hole transport layer 3032, and the one second electron transport layer 3031 or the one second hole transport layer 3032 does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode 3011. The uncovered area of ​​the second edge electrode 3011 is used to provide connection positions for subsequent electrode leads to achieve stable circuit connection and power transmission.

[0084] Figure 12 and Figure 13The diagram shows three second hole transport layers 3032 and four second electron transport layers 3031, wherein each second electrode portion 3012 has one second hole transport layer 3032 and one second electron transport layer 3031, and the second edge electrode portion 3011 has one second electron transport layer 3031.

[0085] In this embodiment, the second electron transport layer 3031 and the second hole transport layer 3032 each have a second width dimension 'a', and the first width dimension 2a is twice the second width dimension 'a'. This ensures that the structural volume of each subsequently formed sub-battery module remains consistent. This design not only improves the production efficiency of the battery assembly and reduces manufacturing costs, but also ensures the performance stability and reliability of the battery assembly during use, avoids problems such as uneven current distribution caused by structural differences, and effectively extends the battery's lifespan.

[0086] In this embodiment, the material selection of the second hole transport layer 3032 is the same as that of the first hole transport layer 2032, and will not be described again here.

[0087] In this embodiment, the material selection of the second electron transport layer 3031 is the same as that of the first electron transport layer 2031, and will not be described again here.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 and Figure 7 and Figure 13 With the view direction consistent, the second part is bonded to the perovskite layer 204. After bonding, the second power transport layer 303 covers the perovskite layer 204. Along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first substrate 200, the first electron transport layer 2031 and the second hole transport layer 3032 are aligned, and the first hole transport layer 2032 and the second electron transport layer 3031 are aligned to form a plurality of sub-battery modules 400 arranged and connected in series along the first direction X.

[0089] In the first power transport layer 203, a plurality of first electron transport layers 2031 and a plurality of first hole transport layers 2032 are arranged alternately, and in the second power transport layer 303, a plurality of second electron transport layers 3031 and a plurality of second hole transport layers 3032 are arranged alternately. By stacking, the first electron transport layers 2031 and the second hole transport layers 3032 are aligned, and the first hole transport layers 2032 and the second electron transport layers 3031 are aligned. The complete perovskite layer 204 is located between the first power transport layer 203 and the second power transport layer 303. In this structure, there is no need to scribing the first power transport layer 203, the perovskite layer 204, and the second power transport layer 303, thereby eliminating dead zones caused by laser scribing in these layers and increasing the active area of ​​each sub-cell module 400. The increased active area helps to improve current generation, thus enhancing the overall performance of the battery assembly. In addition, the perovskite layer 204 was not damaged by laser scribing, thereby improving the stability and reliability of each of the sub-cell modules 400.

[0090] Figure 14 The image shows seven sub-battery modules 400 connected in series. Figure 14 As shown in the blue box in the middle, the number of the sub-battery modules 400 is the sum of the number of the first electron transport layers 2031 (3) and the number of the first hole transport layers 2032 (4), or the sum of the number of the second electron transport layers 3031 (4) and the number of the second hole transport layers 3032 (3).

[0091] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the current flow direction in the formed battery assembly is a tortuous path (e.g., Figure 14(As shown by the dashed arrow), the function of the first trench 202 and the second trench 302 is to block the current from flowing directly laterally out of the bottom electrode layer 201 or the top electrode layer 301, thus preventing the series connection of all the sub-cell modules 400. Therefore, several of the first trenches 202 and several of the second trenches 302 need to be staggered in the vertical space and cannot be completely aligned. Each sub-cell module 400 includes an electron transport layer (first electron transport layer 2031 or second electron transport layer 3031), a perovskite layer 204, and a hole transport layer (first hole transport layer 2032 or second hole transport layer 3032). The electron transport layer and hole transport layer in adjacent sub-cell modules 400 are in opposite positions. The hole transport layer, perovskite layer 204, and electron transport layer are the core structures of each sub-cell module 400. The three have a clear positional relationship and synergistic effect, jointly realizing the photoelectric conversion function. The primary function of the hole transport layer is to transport holes while blocking electrons, thereby promoting charge separation. The perovskite layer 204, acting as a light-absorbing layer, absorbs photons and generates electron-hole pairs. The electron transport layer transports electrons and blocks holes, further promoting charge separation. When light shines on the perovskite layer 204, the generated electron-hole pairs separate under the influence of the built-in electric field. Holes move towards the hole transport layer, and electrons move towards the electron transport layer, ultimately being collected through electrodes to form a current. This structural design ensures the effective separation and transport of photogenerated carriers, thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar module.

[0092] Accordingly, this invention also provides a battery assembly, please refer to the following embodiments. Figure 14The first part includes: a first substrate 200; a bottom electrode layer 201 located on the first substrate 200, the bottom electrode layer 201 having a plurality of first trenches 202 arranged parallel to a first direction X, the first trenches 202 extending along a second direction Y and penetrating the bottom electrode layer 201, the first direction X being perpendicular to the second direction Y; a first power transport layer 203 located on the bottom electrode layer 201, the first power transport layer 203 including a plurality of first electron transport layers 2031 and a plurality of first hole transport layers 2032 alternately arranged along the first direction X; a perovskite layer 204 located on the first part, the perovskite layer 204 covering the first power transport layer 203; and a second part including: a second substrate 300; a top electrode layer 301 located on the second substrate 300, the top electrode layer 203... The top electrode layer 301 has a plurality of second trenches 302 arranged parallel to the first direction X, the second trenches 302 extending along the second direction Y and penetrating the top electrode layer 301; a second power transport layer 303 located on the top electrode layer 301, the second power transport layer 303 includes a plurality of second electron transport layers 3031 and a plurality of second hole transport layers 3032 arranged alternately along the first direction X; the second portion is bonded to the perovskite layer 204, the second power transport layer 303 covers the perovskite layer 204, along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the first substrate 200, the first electron transport layer 2031 and the second hole transport layer 3032 are aligned, the first hole transport layer 2032 and the second electron transport layer 3031 are aligned, so as to form a plurality of sub-battery modules 400 arranged and connected in series along the first direction X.

[0093] In the first power transport layer 203, a plurality of first electron transport layers 2031 and a plurality of first hole transport layers 2032 are arranged alternately, and in the second power transport layer 303, a plurality of second electron transport layers 3031 and a plurality of second hole transport layers 3032 are arranged alternately. By stacking, the first electron transport layers 2031 and the second hole transport layers 3032 are aligned, and the first hole transport layers 2032 and the second electron transport layers 3031 are aligned. The complete perovskite layer 204 is located between the first power transport layer 203 and the second power transport layer 303. In this structure, there is no need to scribing the first power transport layer 203, the perovskite layer 204, and the second power transport layer 303, thereby eliminating dead zones caused by laser scribing in these layers and increasing the active area of ​​each sub-cell module 400. The increased active area helps to improve current generation, thus enhancing the overall performance of the battery assembly. In addition, the perovskite layer 204 was not damaged by laser scribing, thereby improving the stability and reliability of each of the sub-cell modules 400.

[0094] In this embodiment, a plurality of first trenches 202 divide the bottom electrode layer 201 into mutually separated first edge electrode portions 2011 and a plurality of first electrode portions 2012, each of the first electrode portions 2012 having one first electron transport layer 2031 and one first hole transport layer 2032.

[0095] In this embodiment, a plurality of second trenches 302 divide the top electrode layer 301 into mutually separated second edge electrode 3011 portions and a plurality of second electrode portions 3012, each of the second electrode portions 3012 having a second electron transport layer 3031 and a second hole transport layer 3032.

[0096] In this embodiment, one first electron transport layer 2031 and one first hole transport layer 2032 completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion 2012; one second electron transport layer 3031 and one second hole transport layer 3032 completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion 3012. By maximizing the utilization of the area provided by the first electrode portion 2012 and the second electrode portion 3012, the constructed sub-battery module 400 has a maximized volume structure, thereby contributing to increased current generation.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first edge electrode portion 2011 is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions 2012. The first edge electrode portion 2011 has one first electron transport layer 2031 or one first hole transport layer 2032, and one of the first electron transport layers 2031 or one of the first hole transport layers 2032 does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion 2011. The second edge electrode portion 3011 is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions 3012. The second edge electrode portion 3011 has one second electron transport layer 3031 or one second hole transport layer 3032, and one of the second electron transport layers 3031 or one of the second hole transport layers 3032 does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode portion 3011. The uncovered areas of the first edge electrode portion 2011 and the second edge electrode portion 3011 are used to provide connection positions for subsequent electrode leads to achieve stable circuit connection and power transmission.

[0098] In this embodiment, along the first direction X, the first electrode portion 2012 and the first edge electrode portion 2011 each have a first width dimension 2a, and the first electron transport layer 2031 and the first hole transport layer 2032 each have a second width dimension a, wherein the first width dimension 2a is twice the second width dimension a; along the first direction X, the second electrode portion 3012 and the second edge electrode portion 3011 each have a first width dimension 2a, and the second electron transport layer 3031 and the second hole transport layer 3032 each have a second width dimension a, wherein the first width dimension 2a is twice the second width dimension a. This ensures that the structural volume of each of the sub-battery modules 400 is consistent. This design not only improves the production efficiency of the battery assembly and reduces manufacturing costs, but also ensures the performance stability and reliability of the battery assembly during use, avoids problems such as uneven current distribution caused by structural differences, and effectively extends the battery's lifespan.

[0099] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A battery assembly, characterized in that, include: The first part includes: First base; A bottom electrode layer located on the first substrate, the bottom electrode layer having a plurality of first trenches arranged in parallel along a first direction, the first trenches extending along a second direction and penetrating the bottom electrode layer, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; A first power transport layer located on the bottom electrode layer, the first power transport layer comprising a plurality of first electron transport layers and a plurality of first hole transport layers arranged alternately along the first direction; A perovskite layer located on the first portion, the perovskite layer covering the first power transmission layer; Part Two, Part Two includes: Second basement; A top electrode layer located on the second substrate, the top electrode layer having a plurality of second trenches arranged in parallel along the first direction, the second trenches extending along the second direction and penetrating the top electrode layer; A second power transport layer located on the top electrode layer, the second power transport layer comprising a plurality of second electron transport layers and a plurality of second hole transport layers arranged alternately along the first direction; The second part is bonded to the perovskite layer, the second power transport layer covers the perovskite layer, and along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first substrate, the first electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer are aligned, so as to form a plurality of sub-battery modules arranged and connected in series along the first direction.

2. The battery assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first trenches divide the bottom electrode layer into mutually separated first edge electrode portions and a plurality of first electrode portions, each of which has a first electron transport layer and a first hole transport layer.

3. The battery assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that, One of the first electron transport layers and one of the first hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion.

4. The battery assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions, and the first edge electrode portion has one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer, wherein the first electron transport layer or the first hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion.

5. The battery assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the first electrode portion and the first edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the first electron transport layer and the first hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

6. The battery assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The second trenches divide the top electrode layer into mutually separated second edge electrode portions and a plurality of second electrode portions, each of which has a second electron transport layer and a second hole transport layer.

7. The battery assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, One second electron transport layer and one second hole transport layer completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion.

8. The battery assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The second edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions, and the second edge electrode portion has a second electron transport layer or a second hole transport layer, wherein the second electron transport layer or the second hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode portion.

9. The battery assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the second electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the second electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

10. A method for forming a battery assembly, characterized in that, include: The first part is formed, and the first part includes: Provide the first base; A bottom electrode layer is formed on the first substrate, and the bottom electrode layer has a plurality of first trenches arranged in parallel along a first direction. The first trenches extend along a second direction and penetrate the bottom electrode layer. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. A first power transport layer is formed on the bottom electrode layer. The first power transport layer includes a plurality of first electron transport layers and a plurality of first hole transport layers arranged alternately along the first direction. A perovskite layer is formed on the first portion, the perovskite layer covering the first power transmission layer; Forming the second part, which includes: Provide a second substrate; A top electrode layer is formed on the second substrate, and the top electrode layer has a plurality of second trenches arranged in parallel along the first direction, the second trenches extending along the second direction and penetrating the top electrode layer; A second power transport layer is formed on the top electrode layer. The second power transport layer includes a plurality of second electron transport layers and a plurality of second hole transport layers arranged alternately along the first direction. The second part is bonded to the perovskite layer. After bonding, the second power transport layer covers the perovskite layer. Along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first substrate, the first electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer are aligned, and the first hole transport layer and the second electron transport layer are aligned, to form a plurality of sub-battery modules arranged and connected in series along the first direction.

11. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The first trenches divide the bottom electrode layer into mutually separated first edge electrode portions and a plurality of first electrode portions, each of which has a first electron transport layer and a first hole transport layer.

12. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 11, characterized in that, One of the first electron transport layers and one of the first hole transport layers completely cover the top surface of the first electrode portion.

13. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The first edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of first electrode portions, and the first edge electrode portion has one first electron transport layer or one first hole transport layer, wherein the first electron transport layer or the first hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the first edge electrode portion.

14. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 11, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the first electrode portion and the first edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the first electron transport layer and the first hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

15. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The second trenches divide the top electrode layer into mutually separated second edge electrode portions and a plurality of second electrode portions, each of which has a second electron transport layer and a second hole transport layer.

16. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 15, characterized in that, One second electron transport layer and one second hole transport layer completely cover the top surface of the second electrode portion.

17. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The second edge electrode portion is located on one side of a plurality of second electrode portions, and the second edge electrode portion has a second electron transport layer or a second hole transport layer, wherein the second electron transport layer or the second hole transport layer does not completely cover the top surface of the second edge electrode portion.

18. The method for forming a battery assembly as described in claim 15, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the second electrode portion and the second edge electrode portion each have a first width dimension, and the second electron transport layer and the second hole transport layer each have a second width dimension, wherein the first width dimension is twice the second width dimension.

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