System and method for improving initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor stable high-pressure fire hydrant
By combining a pressure-stabilizing pump and a pressurized water tank, the problem of insufficient water pressure and flow in traditional fire hydrant systems is solved, enabling efficient fire extinguishing before the fire pump is started, and reducing building load and engineering costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511720516.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
AI Technical Summary
Traditional temporary high-pressure fire hydrant systems suffer from insufficient water pressure and flow in the early stages of a fire due to delayed start-up of the main fire pump, resulting in low fire extinguishing efficiency. Furthermore, the installation of elevated fire water tanks increases building load and construction costs, and installation is particularly difficult on complex roof structures.
A combined system of pressure-stabilizing pumps, air pressure tanks, and fire pumps is adopted. Through the linkage of flow switches, pressure gauges, and fire linkage controllers, sufficient water pressure and flow are ensured for the fire pipeline network before the fire pump is started, eliminating the need for elevated water tanks and supplying water directly from the fire water pool.
Before the fire pumps are fully started, ensure that the fire hydrants provide sufficient water pressure and flow, eliminate elevated water tanks, reduce building load and project costs, and provide a feasible fire protection solution.
Smart Images
Figure CN121534358A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure fire extinguishing technology, specifically to a system and method for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor stable high-pressure fire hydrants. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional temporary high-pressure fire hydrant systems typically employ elevated fire water tanks on the building rooftop to provide initial fire-fighting water before the main fire pump is activated. However, such systems have inherent drawbacks. In the early stages of a fire, there is a relatively long "water output period" between opening the fire hydrant and the main fire pump fully starting and reaching its rated pressure. During this time, the system relies solely on the elevated fire water tank for water supply, and its pressure and flow rate are often very limited, making it difficult to form an effective water jet for fire extinguishing. This is especially true for locations with high hydrant dynamic pressure requirements (e.g., not less than 0.35 MPa), where the pressure provided by the tank is far from sufficient, potentially missing valuable opportunities to control the initial fire. Furthermore, the installation of elevated fire water tanks not only increases the building's roof load and construction costs but also presents technical difficulties for buildings with complex roof designs (such as airport terminals, stadiums, and airport control towers). Summary of the Invention
[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing temporary high-pressure fire hydrant system suffers from insufficient water pressure and flow due to the delayed start-up of the main fire pump in the early stage of a fire, resulting in low fire extinguishing efficiency.
[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a system for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants is provided, the system comprising: Pressure stabilizing pumps, pressure tanks, and fire pumps; The pressure-stabilizing pump and the fire pump are located in the same fire pump room, and the water source is from the fire water tank. The pressure-stabilizing pump includes a first pressure-stabilizing pump and a second pressure-stabilizing pump; The pressure-stabilizing pump and the fire pump are connected to the fire water tank and are used to provide pressure and fire water to the fire pipeline network; The pressure tank is connected to the fire protection pipeline network and is used to provide pressure and fire water to the fire protection pipeline network before the pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump are started. Fire hydrant buttons are used to send button signals to the fire alarm control panel. The flow switch is used to send start signals to the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump when the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS2 to PS1, and the flow rate of fire-fighting water provided by the pressure tank meets the flow switch action value and the duration is greater than time T0; it is also used to send the first control signal to the fire linkage controller. The fire linkage controller is used to send start signals to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump after receiving the button signal and the first control signal. The pressure tank is equipped with a pressure gauge, which is used to send a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump when the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS2 to PS1 after time T1. The pressure gauge is also connected to the fire linkage controller. The pressure gauge is also used to send a second control signal to the fire linkage controller when the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS1 to P0 after time T2. After receiving the second control signal and the button signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. A low-pressure switch, installed within the fire protection pipe network, is used to send a start signal to the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump when it detects that its own pressure has dropped to a preset P value, and to send a third control signal to the fire linkage controller; after receiving the third control signal and the button signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump; The first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump start upon receiving any start signal. If the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, or the fire pump is in the start state, it will remain in the start state upon receiving any further start signal. A pressure detection device is installed on the outlet pipe of the fire pump to detect when the fire pump starts and reaches the design pressure, and then sends a fourth control signal to the fire linkage controller. The fire linkage controller is also used to send a shutdown signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump and the second pressure stabilizing pump after receiving the fourth control signal.
[0005] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants is provided, the method being based on the above-described system, the method comprising: In the event of a fire, open the fire hydrant and press the fire hydrant button in the fire hydrant box. The fire hydrant button will send a button signal to the fire linkage device. During the process of the pressure tank pressure dropping from PS2 to PS1 and then from PS1 to P0, the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump, and the fire pump are started sequentially by using a flow switch, pressure gauge, and fire linkage controller. If the pressure gauge and flow switch fail simultaneously, when the pipeline pressure at the low-pressure switch drops to the preset P value, the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump will be turned on through the low-pressure switch and / or the fire linkage controller. Once the fire pumps are fully started, the first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps are shut down via the pressure detection device and the fire linkage controller.
[0006] Preferably, The process of sequentially activating the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump during the pressure drop of the pressure tank from PS2 to PS1, and then from PS1 to P0, via a flow switch, pressure gauge, and fire linkage controller, includes: The pressure tank provides fire water to the fire protection network. The pressure in the pressure tank gradually decreases from PS2. If the flow rate of fire water provided by the pressure tank meets the action value of the flow switch and the duration is greater than time T0, and if the flow switch does not fail, the flow switch sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump; at the same time, it sends a first control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the button signal and the first control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. If the flow switch has failed, the pressure in the pressure tank will drop from PS2 to PS1 after time T1, and the pressure at the valve will drop from the first valve pressure to the standard valve pressure. If the pressure gauge of the pressure tank itself has not failed, the pressure gauge will send a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump. After the first pressure-stabilizing pump starts, it provides fire-fighting water to the fire-fighting pipeline network at the same time as the pressure tank. The pressure of the pressure tank gradually decreases from PS1 to P0 after time T2, while the pressure of the hydrant increases from the standard hydrant pressure to the second hydrant pressure. After the pressure gauge detects the pressure P0, it sends a second control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the button signal and the second control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump.
[0007] Preferably, If both the pressure gauge and the flow switch fail simultaneously, when the pipeline pressure at the low-pressure switch drops to a preset value P, the fire linkage controller will activate the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump via the low-pressure switch and / or the fire linkage controller, including: If the pressure gauge and flow switch fail simultaneously, the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS2 to P0 after time T1 and time T2. The pressure in the fire protection pipeline gradually decreases. When the low-pressure switch in the fire protection pipeline detects that its own pressure has dropped to the preset P value, the low-pressure switch sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump; at the same time, it sends a third control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the third control signal and the button signal, the fire linkage controller sends start signals to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump.
[0008] Preferably, The step of shutting down the first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps via the pressure detection device and fire linkage controller after the fire pump has fully started includes: When the pressure detection device on the fire pump outlet pipe detects that the fire pump has started and reached the design pressure, it sends a fourth control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the fourth control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a shutdown signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump and the second pressure stabilizing pump.
[0009] Preferably, The pressure PS2 of the pressure tank is greater than the pressure PS1, and the pressure PS1 of the pressure tank is greater than P0; The dynamic pressure of the valve at the most unfavorable point when the pressure of the pressure tank is PS2 is the first valve pressure, the dynamic pressure of the valve at the most unfavorable point when the pressure is PS1 is the standard valve pressure, and the dynamic pressure of the valve at the most unfavorable point when the pressure is P0 is the second valve pressure. Both the first and second septum pressures are greater than the standard septum pressure, with the first septum pressure being greater than the second septum pressure.
[0010] Preferably, The first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps have specific design parameters, including: rated flow rate Q. w and head H w ; The pressurized water tank has a specific volume size.
[0011] Preferably, The specific design parameters of the first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps include: Obtain the dynamic pressure of the sluice gate at the most unfavorable point. When the pressure of the pressure tank is PS1, the dynamic pressure of the sluice gate at the most unfavorable point is the standard sluice gate pressure. Obtain the elevation difference and head loss. Calculate pressure PS1 based on the standard hydrant pressure, elevation difference, and head loss. Calculate pressure PS2 based on pressure PS1; Obtain the local head loss at the sluice gate, the specific resistance of the hose, the hose length, and the nozzle characteristic coefficient of the water gun; calculate the sluice gate flow rate at pressure PS1 based on the standard sluice gate pressure, the local head loss at the sluice gate, the specific resistance of the hose, the hose length, and the nozzle characteristic coefficient of the water gun. Calculate the outflow rate at pressure PS1 based on the flow rate at the plug port and the fixed leakage rate; Calculate the rated flow rate Q of the pressure-stabilizing pump based on the output flow rate at pressure PS1. w ; Calculate the head H of the pressure-stabilizing pump using pressures PS1 and PS2. w .
[0012] Preferably, The specific volume size of the pressure water tank includes: The dynamic pressure of the sluice gate at the most unfavorable point when calculating pressure PS2 based on pressure PS2, elevation difference and head loss; The flow rate at the outlet under pressure PS2 is calculated based on the dynamic pressure at the outlet at the most unfavorable point, the local head loss at the outlet, the specific resistance of the hose, the length of the hose, and the characteristic coefficient of the nozzle. Calculate the outflow rate at pressure PS2 based on the flow rate at the plug port and the fixed leakage rate; Set the safety factor and the number of times the pump is started per hour; The regulating volume of the pressure tank is calculated based on the outflow rate at pressure PS2, time T0, safety factor, and number of pump starts per hour. According to the head H of the pressure-stabilizing pump w And calculate the average pressure using pressure PS1; Calculate the flow rate based on the average pressure. Based on the average pressure output flow rate and the rated flow rate Q of the pressure stabilizing pump w And calculate the water storage volume based on time T2; Obtain the pressure ratio inside the pressure tank and the volume coefficient of the pressure tank; Calculate the water volume of the pressure tank based on its regulating volume and storage volume; The total volume of the pressure tank is calculated based on the water volume of the pressure tank, the pressure ratio inside the pressure tank, and the volume coefficient of the pressure tank.
[0013] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects: This application utilizes a high-parameter-set pressure-stabilizing device, including a pressure tank and a pressure-stabilizing pump, to upgrade its function from traditional "pressure stabilization" to "initial high-pressure fire suppression." Before the fire pump fully starts, the pressure-stabilizing device consistently provides sufficient water pressure and volume to the most unfavorable fire hydrants, instead of relying on the fire water tank to provide insufficient pressure. The initial water sources, in order of system operation, are the pressure tank, the pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump. The pressure stabilizing device is always in operation to stabilize the system pressure, ensuring its operation during a fire. In contrast, the elevated water tank and fire pump are in standby mode and may not be able to be put into normal use during a fire. The pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump are located in the same fire pump room, with the water source coming from the fire water tank. Therefore, the arrangement of the elevated water tank and the tank room can be eliminated, reducing the roof load and budget of the building. This avoids the technical difficulties of adding an elevated fire water tank in many renovated and expanded industrial buildings, airport terminals, and other buildings with complex roof shapes. Secondly, by eliminating the elevated fire water tank and its related facilities, this application significantly reduces the roof load and construction cost of the building and provides a feasible fire protection solution for special buildings with complex roof shapes.
[0014] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram illustrating a system for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants according to an exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants according to another exemplary embodiment; Figure 3 This is a control principle diagram of a novel high-voltage stabilization system shown according to another exemplary embodiment; In the attached diagram: 1-Pressure detection device, 2-Low pressure switch, 3-Flow switch. Detailed Implementation
[0017] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.
[0018] Example 1 Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram illustrating a system for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: The pressure stabilizing device includes a first pressure stabilizing pump, a second pressure stabilizing pump, and a pressure tank. The pressure tank is used to provide sufficient pressure and fire-fighting water to the pipeline network before the fire pump is fully started. The pressure-stabilizing pump is used to provide pressure and fire-fighting water to the pipeline network in conjunction with the pressure tank when a fire occurs and before the fire pump is fully started. The fire pump and the pressure-stabilizing pump are both located in the fire pump room, and the water source comes from the fire water tank. A pressure gauge is installed inside the pressure tank to detect the pressure inside the pressure tank. The pressure gauge is used to start the pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump in the event of the failure of flow switch 3. A flow switch 3 is installed in the pump room to start the pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump; A low-pressure switch 2 is installed on the fire protection pipeline to start the pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump in the event that the pressure gauge and the flow switch 3 fail simultaneously. A pressure detection device 1 is installed on the outlet pipe of the fire pump. The pressure detection device 1 is used to shut down the pressure stabilizing pump after the fire pump has been fully started. The pressure gauge, flow switch 3, pressure detection device 1, and low-pressure switch 2 are electrically connected to the fire linkage controller. When the pressure gauge, flow switch 3, pressure detection device 1, and low-pressure switch 2 send start signals to the pressure stabilizing pump or fire pump, the fire linkage controller will simultaneously send start signals to the pressure stabilizing pump and fire pump to avoid the problem of the pressure stabilizing pump and fire pump failing to start in time due to a fault in a single start signal line. At the same time, the fire linkage controller is also used to send a fire alarm signal when a fire occurs.
[0019] Before the system in this embodiment is applied, in order to provide sufficient pressure and water volume to the fire pipeline network before the fire pump is fully started, it is necessary to design the relevant parameters of the pressure stabilizing pump and the pressure tank, specifically including: In this embodiment, the parameters of the pressure stabilizing device are calculated based on the flow rate of a fire hydrant opened during an initial fire. The dynamic pressure at the hydrant outlet at the most unfavorable point shall not be lower than 0.35MPa, and the corresponding flow rate at the outlet is 6.98L / s; the flow rate of indoor fire hydrants is taken as 30L / s. Under normal operating conditions, a leak exists in the pipeline network, with a leakage rate of 0.6 L / s (Fire Protection Regulation 5.3.2-2, based on 2% of system flow). When the leak continues, the pressure tank, relying on its own pressure and stored water, replenishes the pipeline network, ensuring that the pressure at the most unfavorable point (at pressure PS1) is not lower than 0.35 MPa. When the pressure tank's regulating water volume is depleted, the pressure gauge on the pressure tank shows a pressure drop to the pressure-stabilizing pump's start-up pressure PS1. The pressure-stabilizing pump is then activated to replenish and pressurize the pipeline network and the pressure tank. Afterward, the pressure in the pressure tank rises to the stop-pump pressure PS2, and the pressure-stabilizing pump stops, repeating the cycle. Therefore, what are the design parameters for the pressure-stabilizing pump (rated flow rate Q)? w and head H w The specific calculation formula is as follows: (1) (2) (3) In the formula, H xhPS1 is the most unfavorable point sluice gate dynamic pressure, i.e., the standard sluice gate dynamic pressure mentioned above, taken as 0.35MPa; H is the elevation difference, usually taken as 0.086MPa; Hs is the head loss, usually taken as 0.014MPa; PS2 is the pump stop pressure, a quantity to be calculated; PS1 is the pump start pressure, a quantity to be calculated; P is the fire pump start pressure, which is the low-pressure switch detection threshold mentioned above. According to formulas (1) to (3), the pressure PS1 is 0.45 MPa, the pressure PS2 is 0.53 MPa, and P is 0.34 MPa. The flow rate at the sluice gate corresponding to pressure PS1 is 6.98 L / s, and the leakage rate is 0.6 L / s. Therefore, the outflow rate at pressure PS1 can be obtained as (sluice gate flow rate + leakage rate). The head H of the pressure-stabilizing pump w Equals (PS1 + PS2) / 2; Rated flow rate Q of the pressure-stabilizing pump w Equals the outflow rate at pressure PS1 / 2; In case of fire: In the above, according to formulas (1)-(3), based on the most unfavorable point valve dynamic pressure of pressure PS1 (standard valve dynamic pressure 0.35MPa), we can obtain the most unfavorable point valve dynamic pressure of pressure PS1, pressure PS2, and pressure PS2 (that is, the first valve pressure in the above, which is obtained by substituting pressure PS2 into formula 1), and we also know the valve flow rate and outflow rate at pressure PS1; The relevant staff discovered the fire and opened the fire hydrant. Assuming that the pressure in the pressure tank starts to decrease from point PS2, the flow rate of the entire system (the most unfavorable point hydrant outlet + leakage) is provided by the pressure tank. Using formulas (4)-(6), the flow rate of the entire pipeline is calculated by back-calculating the hydrant outlet pressure. The calculation formula is as follows: (4) (5) (6) In the formula, H xh The dynamic pressure at the most unfavorable point of the vent is taken as 0.35 MPa when the pressure tank pressure is PS1; H d For head loss in water hoses, MPa; H q Muzzle pressure, MPa; H k The local head loss at the hydrant outlet is taken as 0.02 MPa; A d The specific resistance of the water hose is typically taken as 0.00172; L d The length of the hose is 25m; Q xh , where is the flow rate at the nozzle, L / s, to be calculated; B is the characteristic coefficient of the water gun nozzle, taken as 1.577; According to formulas (4)-(6), the flow rate at the sluice gate at pressure PS1 and pressure PS2 can be obtained. And according to the flow rate at the sluice gate, the outflow rate at pressure PS1 and pressure PS2 (sluice gate flow rate + fixed leakage rate 0.6 L / s) can be obtained. Calculations revealed that during the water supply from the pressurized water tank, the system outflow exceeded the actual design value of the flow switch, which is 5 L / s. However, current regulations and corresponding product standards do not specify the actual operating value and time of the flow switch. In this embodiment, the actual operating time of the flow switch needs to take into account the possibility of system malfunction. Therefore, this study refers to Article 8.0.7-7 of the "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Automatic Sprinkler Systems" and takes an actual operating time of 15 seconds (i.e., the aforementioned time T0), with an operating value of 5 L / s (significantly greater than the pipeline leakage and slightly less than the hydrant flow rate).
[0020] Traditional high-pressure systems typically require that the pressure tank regulating water volume must be limited to no more than 15 pump starts per hour for the pressure stabilizing pump. However, based on the above discussion, for the novel high-pressure stabilizing system of this embodiment, a volume not less than the system's outflow rate for the first 15 seconds should also be considered. This allows the system to activate the flow switch before the pressure stabilizing pumps are started, directly activating both pressure stabilizing pumps and the fire pump. This ensures that an effective water column can operate throughout the entire initial stage of a fire, until the pressure detection device 1 on the fire pump's outlet pipe detects that the fire pump has fully started, at which point all pressure stabilizing pumps are shut down, and the fire pump continues to supply water. Therefore, the formula for calculating the regulating volume of the pressure tank in this embodiment is as follows: (7) (8) In the formula, Vq2 is the regulating volume of the pressure tank, L; T0 is the response time of the flow switch, taken as 15s; QPS2 is the outflow rate at pressure PS2, L / s, which has been obtained in the above calculation; α a For the safety factor, a value of 1.0 is used; Q w The rated flow rate of the pressure-stabilizing pump is L / s, which has been obtained in the above calculations; n The pump start-up frequency per hour is set to 15 times. The water storage capacity V0 needs to be considered in the event that the flow switch does not activate in time or fails. The system relies on the pressure gauge of the pressure tank to determine the fire. Therefore, when the pressure in the pressure tank drops to PS1, the first pressure stabilizing pump is started. After 15 seconds (the time T2 mentioned above), the pressure continues to drop to P0, and the fire hydrant button has been activated. This is considered a fire, and the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump are started. This ensures that an effective water column can be maintained throughout the initial stage of the fire. Once the pressure detection device 1 on the fire pump outlet pipe detects that the fire pump has been fully started, all pressure stabilizing pumps are shut down, and the main fire pump continues to supply water.
[0021] During this phase (PS1~P0), the pressure tank and the first pressure-stabilizing pump work together to supply water to the pipeline network (average pressure H). pg =0.47MPa), the valve pressure is 0.37MPa, and the valve flow rate is 7.19L / s. Therefore, the water storage volume, water volume, and total volume of the pressure tank are calculated as follows: (9) (10) (11) (12) In the formula, V0 is the water storage volume, in L, which is the quantity to be calculated; T2 is the outflow time from pressure PS1 to P0, which is 15s; Q Pg The average pressure output flow rate is approximately 7.79 L / s; V q The total volume of the pressure tank is L, and the quantity to be calculated is V. q1 Let V be the water volume, in L, and the quantity to be calculated. q2 To adjust the volume, L is calculated using formulas (7)-(8); α b β is the pressure ratio inside the pressure tank, taken as 0.80; β is the volume coefficient of the pressure tank, taken as 1.05; Using formulas (9) to (12), V0 and V can be obtained. q1 and V q In other words, this embodiment aims to obtain the parameters of the pressure tank, and selects the model of the pressure tank based on the parameters of the pressure tank. Using Boyle-Marius's law, the pressure P0 is calculated using the following formula: (13) After calculating the pressure P0, the most unfavorable point valve dynamic pressure (i.e. the second valve pressure mentioned above) is obtained according to the above formula (1). Then, the valve flow rate at pressure P0 is obtained by using formula (4)-(6), thereby obtaining the outflow rate at pressure P0. If both the flow switch 3 and the pressure gauge of the pressure tank fail, and the pressure stabilizing pump cannot start normally, then when the low-pressure switch 2 on the fire main detects a pressure of 0.34 MPa (the P value calculated above), the pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump will be started directly. Combining the parameters obtained from the above calculations, we get the following table: Table 1: System Operating Points Corresponding to Time and Output Flow Rate
[0022] Example 2 Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants according to another exemplary embodiment, the method comprising: S1, In the event of a fire, open the fire hydrant and the fire hydrant button in the fire hydrant box. The fire hydrant button sends a button signal to the fire linkage device. S2, through the flow switch, pressure gauge and fire linkage controller, during the process of the pressure tank pressure dropping from PS2 to PS1 and then from PS1 to P0, sequentially starts the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. S3. If the pressure gauge and flow switch fail simultaneously, the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump will be turned on by the low-pressure switch and / or the fire linkage controller after the pressure in the pressure tank drops to P0. S4. After the fire pump is fully started, the first pressure stabilizing pump and the second pressure stabilizing pump are shut down through the pressure detection device and the fire linkage controller. Understandably, as shown in the attached document Figure 3 As shown, the specific execution steps of this embodiment include: In the event of a fire, open the fire hydrant and press the fire hydrant button in the fire hydrant box. The fire hydrant button will send a button signal to the fire linkage device. The pressure tank provides fire water to the fire protection network. The pressure of the pressure tank gradually decreases from PS2. If the flow rate of fire water provided by the pressure tank meets the action value of the flow switch and the duration is greater than time T0 (15s), and if the flow switch does not fail, the flow switch sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump; at the same time, it sends a first control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the button signal and the first control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. If the flow switch has failed, the pressure in the pressure tank will drop from PS2 to PS1 after time T1 (30s), and the pressure at the valve will drop from the first valve pressure to the standard valve pressure. If the pressure gauge of the pressure tank itself has not failed, the pressure gauge will send a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump. After the first pressure-stabilizing pump starts, it provides fire water to the fire protection network at the same time as the pressure tank. The pressure of the pressure tank gradually decreases from PS1 to P0 after time T2 (15s), while the pressure of the hydrant increases from the standard hydrant pressure to the second hydrant pressure. After the pressure gauge detects the pressure P0, it sends a second control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the button signal and the second control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. If the pressure gauge and flow switch fail simultaneously, the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS2 to P0 after time T1 and time T2. The pressure in the fire protection pipeline gradually decreases. When the low-pressure switch in the fire protection pipeline detects that its own pressure has dropped to the preset P value, the low-pressure switch sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump; at the same time, it sends a third control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the third control signal and the button signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. When the pressure detection device on the fire pump outlet pipe detects that the fire pump has started and reached the design pressure, it sends a fourth control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the fourth control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a shutdown signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump and the second pressure stabilizing pump.
[0023] In this embodiment, the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump start upon receiving any start signal. If the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, or the fire pump is in the start state, it will remain in the start state after receiving any start signal.
[0024] It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.
[0025] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means at least two.
[0026] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the invention includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of the invention pertain.
[0027] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.
[0028] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
[0029] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
[0030] The storage media mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk, or optical disk, etc.
[0031] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A system for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants, characterized in that, The system includes: Pressure stabilizing pumps, pressure tanks, and fire pumps; The pressure-stabilizing pump and the fire pump are located in the same fire pump room, and the water source is from the fire water tank. The pressure-stabilizing pump includes a first pressure-stabilizing pump and a second pressure-stabilizing pump; The pressure-stabilizing pump and the fire pump are connected to the fire water tank and are used to provide pressure and fire water to the fire pipeline network; The pressure tank is connected to the fire protection pipeline network and is used to provide pressure and fire water to the fire protection pipeline network before the pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump are started. Fire hydrant buttons are used to send button signals to the fire alarm control panel. The flow switch is used to send start signals to the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump when the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS2 to PS1, and the flow rate of fire-fighting water provided by the pressure tank meets the flow switch action value and the duration is greater than time T0; it is also used to send the first control signal to the fire linkage controller. The fire linkage controller is used to send start signals to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump after receiving the button signal and the first control signal. The pressure tank is equipped with a pressure gauge, which is used to send a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump when the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS2 to PS1 after time T1. The pressure gauge is also connected to the fire linkage controller. The pressure gauge is also used to send a second control signal to the fire linkage controller when the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS1 to P0 after time T2. After receiving the second control signal and the button signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. A low-pressure switch, installed within the fire protection pipe network, is used to send a start signal to the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump when it detects that its own pressure has dropped to a preset P value, and to send a third control signal to the fire linkage controller; after receiving the third control signal and the button signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump; The first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump start upon receiving any start signal. If the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, or the fire pump is in the start state, it will remain in the start state upon receiving any further start signal. A pressure detection device is installed on the outlet pipe of the fire pump to detect when the fire pump starts and reaches the design pressure, and then sends a fourth control signal to the fire linkage controller. The fire linkage controller is also used to send a shutdown signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump and the second pressure stabilizing pump after receiving the fourth control signal.
2. A method for improving the initial fire extinguishing efficiency of indoor high-pressure fire hydrants, characterized in that, The method is based on the system of claim 1, and the method includes: In the event of a fire, open the fire hydrant and press the fire hydrant button in the fire hydrant box. The fire hydrant button will send a button signal to the fire linkage device. During the process of the pressure tank pressure dropping from PS2 to PS1 and then from PS1 to P0, the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump, and the fire pump are started sequentially by using a flow switch, pressure gauge, and fire linkage controller. If the pressure gauge and flow switch fail simultaneously, when the pipeline pressure at the low-pressure switch drops to the preset P value, the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump will be turned on through the low-pressure switch and / or the fire linkage controller. Once the fire pumps are fully started, the first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps are shut down via the pressure detection device and the fire linkage controller.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of sequentially activating the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump during the pressure drop of the pressure tank from PS2 to PS1, and then from PS1 to P0, via a flow switch, pressure gauge, and fire linkage controller, includes: The pressure tank provides fire water to the fire protection network. The pressure in the pressure tank gradually decreases from PS2. If the flow rate of fire water provided by the pressure tank meets the action value of the flow switch and the duration is greater than time T0, and if the flow switch does not fail, the flow switch sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump; at the same time, it sends a first control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the button signal and the first control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump. If the flow switch has failed, the pressure in the pressure tank will drop from PS2 to PS1 after time T1, and the pressure at the valve will drop from the first valve pressure to the standard valve pressure. If the pressure gauge of the pressure tank itself has not failed, the pressure gauge will send a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump. After the first pressure-stabilizing pump starts, it provides fire-fighting water to the fire-fighting pipeline network at the same time as the pressure tank. The pressure of the pressure tank gradually decreases from PS1 to P0 after time T2, while the pressure of the hydrant increases from the standard hydrant pressure to the second hydrant pressure. After the pressure gauge detects the pressure P0, it sends a second control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the button signal and the second control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a start signal to the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, If both the pressure gauge and the flow switch fail simultaneously, when the pipeline pressure at the low-pressure switch drops to a preset value P, the fire linkage controller will activate the first pressure-stabilizing pump, the second pressure-stabilizing pump, and the fire pump via the low-pressure switch and / or the fire linkage controller, including: If the pressure gauge and flow switch fail simultaneously, the pressure in the pressure tank drops from PS2 to P0 after time T1 and time T2. The pressure in the fire protection pipeline gradually decreases. When the low-pressure switch in the fire protection pipeline detects that its own pressure has dropped to the preset P value, the low-pressure switch sends a start signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump; at the same time, it sends a third control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the third control signal and the button signal, the fire linkage controller sends start signals to the first pressure stabilizing pump, the second pressure stabilizing pump and the fire pump.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of shutting down the first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps via the pressure detection device and fire linkage controller after the fire pump has fully started includes: When the pressure detection device on the fire pump outlet pipe detects that the fire pump has started and reached the design pressure, it sends a fourth control signal to the fire linkage controller. After receiving the fourth control signal, the fire linkage controller sends a shutdown signal to the first pressure stabilizing pump and the second pressure stabilizing pump.
6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure PS2 of the pressure tank is greater than the pressure PS1, and the pressure PS1 of the pressure tank is greater than P0; The dynamic pressure of the valve at the most unfavorable point when the pressure of the pressure tank is PS2 is the first valve pressure, the dynamic pressure of the valve at the most unfavorable point when the pressure is PS1 is the standard valve pressure, and the dynamic pressure of the valve at the most unfavorable point when the pressure is P0 is the second valve pressure. Both the first and second septum pressures are greater than the standard septum pressure, with the first septum pressure being greater than the second septum pressure.
7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps have specific design parameters, including: rated flow rate Q. w and head H w ; The pressurized water tank has a specific volume size.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific design parameters of the first and second pressure-stabilizing pumps include: Obtain the dynamic pressure of the sluice gate at the most unfavorable point. When the pressure of the pressure tank is PS1, the dynamic pressure of the sluice gate at the most unfavorable point is the standard sluice gate pressure. Obtain the elevation difference and head loss. Calculate pressure PS1 based on the standard hydrant pressure, elevation difference, and head loss. Calculate pressure PS2 based on pressure PS1; Obtain the local head loss at the sluice gate, the specific resistance of the hose, the hose length, and the nozzle characteristic coefficient of the water gun; calculate the sluice gate flow rate at pressure PS1 based on the standard sluice gate pressure, the local head loss at the sluice gate, the specific resistance of the hose, the hose length, and the nozzle characteristic coefficient of the water gun. Calculate the outflow rate at pressure PS1 based on the flow rate at the plug port and the fixed leakage rate; Calculate the rated flow rate Q of the pressure-stabilizing pump based on the output flow rate at pressure PS1. w ; Calculate the head H of the pressure-stabilizing pump using pressures PS1 and PS2. w .
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific volume size of the pressure water tank includes: The dynamic pressure of the sluice gate at the most unfavorable point when calculating pressure PS2 based on pressure PS2, elevation difference and head loss; The flow rate at the outlet under pressure PS2 is calculated based on the dynamic pressure at the outlet at the most unfavorable point, the local head loss at the outlet, the specific resistance of the hose, the length of the hose, and the characteristic coefficient of the nozzle. Calculate the outflow rate at pressure PS2 based on the flow rate at the plug port and the fixed leakage rate; Set the safety factor and the number of times the pump is started per hour; The regulating volume of the pressure tank is calculated based on the outflow rate at pressure PS2, time T0, safety factor, and number of pump starts per hour. According to the head H of the pressure-stabilizing pump w And calculate the average pressure using pressure PS1; Calculate the flow rate based on the average pressure. Based on the average pressure output flow rate and the rated flow rate Q of the pressure stabilizing pump w And calculate the water storage volume based on time T2; Obtain the pressure ratio inside the pressure tank and the volume coefficient of the pressure tank; Calculate the water volume of the pressure tank based on its regulating volume and storage volume; The total volume of the pressure tank is calculated based on the water volume of the pressure tank, the pressure ratio inside the pressure tank, and the volume coefficient of the pressure tank.