Light reflecting glass, preparation method thereof and solar cell module

Abstract

The invention provides light reflecting glass and a preparation method thereof, a solar cell module and a photovoltaic system. The preparation method of the light reflecting glass comprises the following steps: carrying out chemical reaction on zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide; performing chemical reaction on the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate in an ethanol-ammonia water solution to obtain an aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silicon dioxide solution, and sequentially centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silicon dioxide nanoparticles; depositing the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the surface of transparent glass, and calcining to convert the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silicon dioxide nanoparticles into a light reflecting film, thereby obtaining the light reflecting glass. According to the technical scheme, the light reflecting glass not only has good visible light transmittance, but also has good reflection performance on infrared light, so that the heat accumulation phenomenon of a battery is effectively inhibited, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solar cell technology, and in particular to a light-reflecting glass and its preparation method, a solar cell module, and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand and the increasing severity of environmental pollution, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, is receiving more and more attention. Currently, the efficiency and lifespan of solar cells have reached relatively high levels, but in practical applications, they suffer from heat accumulation, which significantly reduces battery power. Silicon's band gap is 1.1 eV, meaning that infrared light with wavelengths exceeding 1100 nm cannot be effectively absorbed and utilized by the battery, instead being converted into heat. Since infrared light accounts for more than 30% of the total solar energy, if this energy cannot be effectively utilized or reflected, it will cause the battery temperature to rise, affecting battery performance.

[0003] Therefore, how to effectively utilize or reflect infrared light and reduce battery heat accumulation is an important issue currently facing solar cell technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a light-reflecting glass and its preparation method, a solar cell module, and a photovoltaic system to solve or alleviate the technical problems mentioned above. The light-reflecting glass in this application not only has good visible light transmittance but also excellent infrared light reflection performance, thereby effectively suppressing battery heat accumulation and improving battery lifespan.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for preparing light-reflecting glass, comprising:

[0006] Zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate were chemically reacted to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide;

[0007] The aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate were chemically reacted in an ethanol-ammonia aqueous solution to obtain an aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution.

[0008] The aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution was centrifuged, washed, and dried sequentially to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles.

[0009] The aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of transparent glass and then calcined to transform the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles into a light-reflecting film, thereby obtaining light-reflecting glass.

[0010] Optionally, the chemical reaction of zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate includes:

[0011] The zinc acetate dihydrate and the aluminum trichloride hexahydrate were dissolved in a mixture of ethylene glycol methyl ether and ethanolamine to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0012] The first mixed solution is heated to react the zinc acetate dihydrate and the aluminum trichloride hexahydrate. The reaction temperature T1 is 50-70℃ and the reaction time t1 is 0.5-2h.

[0013] The molar ratio R1 of zinc acetate dihydrate to aluminum trichloride hexahydrate is 0.001:1-0.2:1.

[0014] Optionally, the pH value of the first mixed solution is 9-12.

[0015] Optionally, in the aluminum-doped zinc oxide, the molar concentration of aluminum, C1, is 0.1-2%.

[0016] Optionally, the chemical reaction of the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate in an ethanol-ammonia aqueous solution includes:

[0017] The aluminum-doped zinc oxide was dispersed in an ethanol-ammonia aqueous solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0018] Add the tetraethyl silicate to the second mixed solution and stir to allow the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and the tetraethyl silicate to react. The reaction temperature T2 is 20-35℃ and the reaction time t2 is 10-15h.

[0019] The molar ratio R2 of the aluminum-doped zinc oxide to the tetraethyl silicate is 0.02:1-0.2:1.

[0020] Optionally, in the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles, the molar concentration C2 of aluminum-doped zinc oxide is 2-20%.

[0021] Optionally, the deposition of the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles on the transparent glass surface includes:

[0022] The aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles were ultrasonically dispersed in ethanol to obtain a third mixed solution;

[0023] The third mixed solution is coated onto the surface of the transparent glass using one or more of the following methods: drop coating, spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, and application coating, so that the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of the transparent glass.

[0024] Optionally, during the calcination process, the calcination temperature T3 is 700-900℃ and the calcination time t3 is 90-160s.

[0025] Optionally, the thickness of the light-reflecting film is 0.1-2 μm.

[0026] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a light-reflecting glass, which is prepared by the light-reflecting glass preparation method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0027] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a solar cell module, including light-reflecting glass as described in any of the above embodiments;

[0028] The light-reflecting glass is disposed on the light-incident surface of the solar cell.

[0029] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic system including a solar cell module as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0030] The embodiments of this application employing the above-described technical solution may have the following advantages:

[0031] Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) exhibits high transmittance for visible light and strong reflectivity for infrared light with wavelengths of 1.2-2.5 μm. Therefore, it can suppress the influence of infrared light without reducing battery light absorption. Furthermore, AZO is an inorganic material with good compatibility with transparent glass. Encapsulating AZO on a silica surface to form aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles (AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles) helps AZO to be uniformly distributed in the film, avoiding aggregation and phase separation. Depositing AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles on the outer surface of transparent glass and then calcining them transforms them into a light-reflecting film that firmly adheres to the transparent glass surface. The resulting light-reflecting glass not only has good visible light transmittance but also excellent infrared light reflectivity. Moreover, the AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles are less prone to aggregation and phase separation, effectively suppressing battery heat buildup and improving battery life. Attached Figure Description

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for preparing light-reflecting glass provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, for clarity, the dimensions of layers, regions, and elements, as well as their relative dimensions, may be exaggerated. Throughout, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for preparing light-reflecting glass, including:

[0036] Step S100: Zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate are chemically reacted to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide.

[0037] In step S100, the specific steps for the chemical reaction between zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate may include:

[0038] Step S110: Dissolve zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate in a mixture of ethylene glycol methyl ether and ethanolamine to obtain a first mixed solution;

[0039] Step S120: The first mixed solution is heated to allow zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate to react. The reaction temperature T1 is 50-70℃ and the reaction time t1 is 0.5-2h.

[0040] The molar ratio R1 of zinc acetate dihydrate to aluminum trichloride hexahydrate is 0.001:1-0.2:1.

[0041] When the molar ratio R1 of zinc acetate dihydrate to aluminum trichloride hexahydrate is 0.001:1-0.2:1, the reaction is relatively complete. Specifically, the molar ratio R1 of zinc acetate dihydrate to aluminum trichloride hexahydrate can be 0.001:1, 0.005:1, 0.01:1, 0.03:1, 0.05:1, 0.06:1, 0.07:1, 0.08:1, 0.09:1, 0.1:1, 0.15:1, or 0.2:1.

[0042] In the reaction of zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate, a reaction temperature T1 of 50-70℃ and a reaction time t1 of 0.5-2h are conducive to the complete progress of the reaction. Specifically, the reaction temperature T1 can be 50℃, 55℃, 60℃, 65℃ or 70℃; the reaction time t1 can be 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h or 2h.

[0043] In step S110, the pH value of the first mixed solution can be 9-12. Ethylene glycol-methyl ether has good solubility for zinc acetate dihydrate, and ethanolamine is used as a stabilizer to adjust the pH value of the first mixed solution to 9-12 (e.g., pH 9, 10, 11 or 12), which is conducive to the formation of aluminum-doped zinc oxide.

[0044] In step S100, the molar concentration C1 of aluminum in the aluminum-doped zinc oxide generated by the reaction can be 0.1-2%.

[0045] When the molar concentration of aluminum is less than 0.1%, the film has no effect on reflecting infrared light or its reflection effect is poor; when the molar concentration of aluminum is greater than 2%, it significantly reduces the transmittance of visible light. When the molar concentration of aluminum, C1, is 0.1-2%, the light-reflecting film has good infrared light reflectivity and visible light transmittance. Specifically, the molar concentration of aluminum, C1, can be 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8%, or 2%.

[0046] Step S200: Aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate are chemically reacted in an ethanol-ammonia aqueous solution to obtain an aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution.

[0047] In step S200, the specific steps for the chemical reaction of aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate in an ethanol-ammonia aqueous solution may include:

[0048] Step S210: Disperse aluminum-doped zinc oxide in an ethanol-ammonia aqueous solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0049] Step S220: Add tetraethyl silicate to the second mixed solution and stir to allow the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate to react. The reaction temperature T2 is 20-35℃ and the reaction time t2 is 10-15h.

[0050] The molar ratio R2 of aluminum-doped zinc oxide to tetraethyl silicate is 0.02:1-0.2:1.

[0051] When the molar ratio R2 of aluminum-doped zinc oxide to tetraethyl silicate is 0.02:1-0.2:1, the reaction product (aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica) exhibits good visible light transmittance and infrared light reflectance, and can adhere well to glass. Specifically, the molar ratio R2 of aluminum-doped zinc oxide to tetraethyl silicate can be 0.02:1, 0.04:1, 0.05:1, 0.07:1, 0.08:1, 0.1:1, 0.12:1, 0.15:1, 0.17:1, or 0.2:1.

[0052] When aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate undergo a chemical reaction, controlling the reaction temperature T2 to be 20-35℃ and the reaction time t2 to be 10-15h ensures that the chemical reaction proceeds fully and completely. Specifically, the reaction temperature T2 can be 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, or 35℃, and the reaction time t2 can be 10h, 11h, 12h, 13h, 14h, or 15h. It should be noted that the reaction temperature T2 can be room temperature, i.e., 20-35℃.

[0053] In some embodiments, tetraethyl silicate can be added dropwise or in multiple portions (more than or equal to 2 times) to the second mixed solution, which is beneficial for the tetraethyl silicate to react fully with aluminum-doped zinc oxide.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, the molar concentration (C2) of aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles is 2-20%. When the molar concentration (C2) of aluminum-doped zinc oxide is 2-20%, the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles not only have high visible light transmittance but also effectively reflect infrared light, achieving a heat dissipation effect. Specifically, the molar concentration of aluminum-doped zinc oxide can be 2%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, or 20%.

[0055] Step S300: The aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution is centrifuged, washed, and dried sequentially to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles.

[0056] Step S400: Aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of transparent glass and then calcined to transform the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles into a light-reflecting film, thereby obtaining light-reflecting glass.

[0057] In step S400, the specific steps of depositing aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles on the transparent glass surface may include:

[0058] Step S410: Aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are ultrasonically dispersed in ethanol to obtain a third mixed solution;

[0059] Step S420: Using one or more of the following methods, namely drop coating, spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, and coating method, the third mixed solution is coated on the transparent glass surface so that aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are deposited on the transparent glass surface.

[0060] The third mixed solution can be coated using methods such as drop coating, spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, and plating. This method is not only simple and convenient to operate and easy to realize industrial production, but also allows aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles to be transformed into a light-reflecting film and firmly bonded to the transparent glass surface through subsequent calcination treatment after coating with the third mixed solution.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, during the calcination process, the calcination temperature T3 is 700-900℃ and the calcination time t3 is 90-160s.

[0062] When the calcination temperature is below 700℃, the crystallinity of AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles is insufficient, and a large number of residual pores and stresses exist internally, resulting in strong scattering of visible light and affecting visible light transmittance. When the calcination temperature is above 900℃, the transparent glass may soften. When the calcination temperature T3 is 700-900℃, not only can the AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles be firmly bonded to the surface of the transparent glass, improving the infrared reflectivity and service life of the light-reflecting glass, but also the AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles, after calcination, have a good degree of crystallinity, with little or no internal pores and stresses, resulting in a light-reflecting film with good transmittance of visible light. The calcination temperature T3 can also be 750-850℃, specifically 750℃, 770℃, 790℃, 800℃, 820℃, 840℃, or 850℃.

[0063] If the calcination time is too short, a firm light-reflecting film cannot be formed on the transparent glass; if the calcination time is too long, resources will be wasted and production costs will increase. When the calcination time t3 is 90-160s, organic matter can be effectively removed, organic matter residue can be minimized, and the light-reflecting film formed by the transformation of AZO-SiO2 nanoparticle materials can be firmly adhered to the transparent glass. Specifically, the calcination time t3 can be 90s, 100s, 120s, 140s, or 160s.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the light-reflecting film is 0.1-2 μm.

[0065] If the thickness of the light-reflecting film is less than 0.1 μm, it cannot effectively reflect infrared light; if the thickness of the light-reflecting film is greater than 2 μm, it will significantly reduce the transmittance of visible light; when the thickness of the light-reflecting film is 0.1-2 μm, it can balance infrared light reflection performance and visible light transmittance. Specifically, the thickness of the light-reflecting film can be 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.5 μm, or 2 μm.

[0066] In this embodiment, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) exhibits high transmittance for visible light and strong reflectivity for infrared light with wavelengths of 1.2-2.5 μm. Therefore, it can suppress the influence of infrared light without reducing battery light absorption. Furthermore, AZO is an inorganic material with good compatibility with transparent glass. Encapsulating AZO on the surface of silica to form aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles (AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles) helps AZO to be uniformly distributed in the film layer, avoiding agglomeration and phase separation. Depositing AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles on the outer surface of transparent glass and calcining them transforms them into a light-reflecting film that firmly adheres to the transparent glass surface. The resulting light-reflecting glass not only has good visible light transmittance but also excellent infrared light reflectivity. Moreover, the AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles are less prone to agglomeration and phase separation, effectively suppressing battery heat accumulation and improving battery lifespan.

[0067] This application provides a light-reflecting glass, which is formed by the method for preparing light-reflecting glass provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0068] In this embodiment, the light-reflecting glass includes transparent glass and a light-reflecting film located on the surface of the transparent glass. The material of the light-reflecting film is AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles, which are formed by calcination to form a light-reflecting film that is firmly bonded to the surface of the transparent glass.

[0069] In some embodiments, the thickness of the light-reflecting film is 0.1-2 μm. When the thickness of the light-reflecting film is 0.1-2 μm, both infrared light reflection performance and visible light transmittance can be balanced.

[0070] This application provides a solar cell module, including the light-reflecting glass provided in any of the above embodiments; wherein the light-reflecting glass is disposed on the light-incident surface of the solar cell.

[0071] This application provides a method for preparing a solar cell module, including:

[0072] Under high temperature and negative pressure, encapsulation glass, encapsulating film, solar cell, encapsulating film and glass backsheet are laminated and encapsulated to obtain solar cell module; wherein, encapsulation glass is located on the light-incident surface of solar cell, and encapsulation glass is the light-reflecting glass provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0073] The encapsulation glass is the outermost layer of the solar cell module, used to protect the solar cell from external environmental influences such as moisture, oxygen, and mechanical impact. In the embodiments of this application, the encapsulation glass is the light-reflecting glass provided in any of the above embodiments. The light-reflecting glass not only has good visible light transmittance, but also has good infrared light reflection performance, thereby effectively suppressing the heat accumulation phenomenon of the battery and improving the battery's service life.

[0074] Solar cells are the core component of solar cell modules. In some embodiments, a solar cell includes one or more of the following: a PN junction device containing group III-V or II-IV elements, a Cu-In-Ga-Se (CIGS) thin-film device, an organic sensitizer device, an organic thin-film device, a quantum dot thin-film device, an amorphous silicon solar cell, a microcrystalline silicon solar cell, and a crystalline silicon solar cell. In other embodiments, the solar cell may also be a heterojunction (HJT) solar cell.

[0075] A glass backsheet is a protective layer on the back of a solar cell module, typically made of glass or polymer materials. It not only provides mechanical protection but also helps improve the rigidity and stability of the module.

[0076] Solar cell modules typically include two layers of encapsulating film, located on the front and back of the solar cell, respectively. These films bond the encapsulating glass and glass backsheet to the solar cell, securing it in place. The two films can have the same or different compositions. In some embodiments, the encapsulating film can be a random copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA). EVA films possess excellent visible light transmittance, aging resistance, and sealing properties, effectively blocking moisture and gases.

[0077] Under high temperature and negative pressure, the various layers of materials in a solar cell module are placed sequentially and laminated. Heating and applying pressure melt and flow the adhesive film, uniformly filling the gaps between the cell and the encapsulation glass or backsheet glass, ensuring the module's seal and the uniform distribution of the adhesive film. The temperature during the encapsulation process can be 120-140℃ (e.g., 120℃, 130℃, or 140℃). After lamination, the adhesive film cures, forming a strong adhesive layer that tightly bonds the various layers together.

[0078] The following specific embodiments provide a more detailed description of this application, but should not be construed as limiting the application. Any modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps, or conditions of this application without departing from the spirit and substance of this application are within the scope of this application.

[0079]

Example 1

[0080] A specific structure of a solar cell module includes: encapsulation glass, EVA film, solar cell, EVA film and glass backsheet; wherein, the encapsulation glass is located on the light-incident surface of the solar cell, and the encapsulation glass is light-reflecting glass.

[0081] The method for preparing the light-reflecting glass in Example 1 includes:

[0082] Step S110a: Dissolve zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate in a mixture of ethylene glycol methyl ether and ethanolamine to obtain a first mixed solution; wherein the molar ratio R1 of zinc acetate dihydrate to aluminum trichloride hexahydrate is 0.01:1;

[0083] Step S120a: The first mixed solution is heated to react zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate. When the reaction temperature T1 is 60℃, the reaction time t1 is 1h to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide. In the aluminum-doped zinc oxide, the molar concentration of aluminum C1 is 2%.

[0084] Step S210a: Disperse aluminum-doped zinc oxide in an ethanol-ammonia aqueous solution to obtain a second mixed solution;

[0085] Step S220a: Tetraethyl silicate is added to the second mixed solution in three portions and stirred to allow the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl silicate to react. The reaction temperature T2 is 30℃ and the reaction time t2 is 15h to obtain an aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution. The molar ratio R2 of aluminum-doped zinc oxide to tetraethyl silicate is 0.05:1.

[0086] Step S300a: The aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution is centrifuged, then washed with water and ethanol, and finally dried at 80°C for 5 h to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles; the molar concentration C2 of aluminum-doped zinc oxide in the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles is 10%.

[0087] Step S410a: Aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are ultrasonically dispersed in ethanol to obtain a third mixed solution;

[0088] Step S510a: Using spin coating, the third mixed solution is coated onto the glass surface, causing aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles to be deposited on the transparent glass surface. After calcination, the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are transformed into a light-reflecting film with a thickness of 2μm and bonded to the glass surface, thereby obtaining light-reflecting glass; wherein, the calcination temperature T3 is 800℃ and the calcination time t3 is 120s.

[0089] Example 2 - Example 8

[0090] The solar cell modules of Examples 2-8 were prepared according to the preparation method of Example 1, except that the formulas and parameters used were different. The specific formulas and parameters for preparing the light-reflecting glass in Examples 2-8 are shown in Table 1.

[0091] Table 1

[0092] Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 R1 0.03:1 0.08:1 0.005:1 0.2:1 0.05:1 0.01:1 0.1:1 T1(℃) 50 60 65 60 70 58 55 t1(h) 1 1.2 0.5 1.5 1 1.5 2 C1(％) 0.1 0.5 2 1 1.2 1.5 1.8 R2 0.12:1 0.05:1 0.08:1 0.02:1 0.2:1 0.1:1 0.15:1 T2(℃) 30 35 25 32 30 20 25 t2(h) 12 10 13 12 11h 15 14 C2(％) 5 15 2 20 10 15 8 T3(℃) 750 800 770 840 850 790 820 t3(s) 140 130 160 120 100 120 90

[0093] To more clearly illustrate the technical effects of the embodiments of this application, this application also points out the specific structure of the solar cell module of Comparative Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] A specific structure of a solar cell module includes: encapsulation glass, EVA film, solar cell, EVA film and glass backsheet; wherein, the encapsulation glass is located on the light-incident surface of the solar cell, and the encapsulation glass is transparent glass.

[0096] The encapsulation method of the solar cell module in Comparative Example 1 is the same as that of the solar cell module in Example 1, except that the encapsulation glass in Comparative Example 1 is conventional transparent glass, and there is no need to prepare light-reflecting glass in Comparative Example 1.

[0097] The performance of the solar cell modules of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 of this application was tested below to obtain the visible light transmittance, infrared light reflectance, initial power, power after 2 hours of infrared irradiation, and power loss rate of the corresponding cell modules. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0098] The visible light transmittance and infrared reflectance of the solar cell modules were tested according to the test methods provided in GB / T 29848 2013 and Q / HZF 003 2013, respectively. The power of the solar cell modules was tested according to the test method provided in IEC 61215. The newly prepared solar cell modules were tested in a dark environment to obtain the initial power. Subsequently, the corresponding solar cell modules were irradiated under an AM1.5G light source (100mm*100mm) for 2 hours, and the power was tested again to obtain the power after 2 hours of infrared irradiation. The power loss rate was calculated using the formula: Power loss rate = (Initial power - Power after 2 hours of infrared irradiation) / Initial power * 100%.

[0099] Table 2

[0100]

[0101] As shown in Table 2, the visible light transmittance and infrared reflectance exhibit a negative correlation. Compared to Comparative Example 1, the visible light transmittance of the solar cell modules in Examples 1-8 of this application is slightly lower, but the infrared reflectance is significantly higher; the power loss rate is significantly lower. The data in Table 2 indicate that in the solar cell modules of Examples 1-8 of this application, the use of light-reflective glass with a light-reflective film as the encapsulation glass not only provides good visible light transmittance but also excellent infrared light reflection performance, thereby effectively suppressing battery heat accumulation and improving battery lifespan.

[0102] In summary, in this embodiment, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) exhibits high transmittance for visible light and strong reflectivity for infrared light with wavelengths of 1.2-2.5 μm. Therefore, it can suppress the influence of infrared light without reducing battery light absorption. Furthermore, AZO is an inorganic material with good compatibility with transparent glass. Encapsulating AZO on the surface of silica to form aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles (AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles) helps AZO to be uniformly distributed in the film layer, avoiding agglomeration and phase separation. Depositing AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles on the outer surface of transparent glass and calcining them to transform them into a light-reflecting film that firmly adheres to the transparent glass surface results in a light-reflecting glass with not only good visible light transmittance but also excellent infrared light reflectivity. Moreover, the AZO-SiO2 nanoparticles are less prone to agglomeration and phase separation, effectively suppressing battery heat accumulation and improving battery lifespan.

[0103] This application also provides a photovoltaic system, including the solar cell module provided in the above embodiments. The advantages of the aforementioned solar cell module are also present in this photovoltaic system, and will not be repeated here. The application fields of the aforementioned photovoltaic system are wide, not limited to photovoltaic power plants, such as ground-mounted power plants, rooftop power plants, and floating power plants, but also including various devices and apparatuses that utilize solar energy for power generation, such as user solar power supplies, solar streetlights, solar cars, and solar buildings. Of course, it is understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to these; that is to say, the photovoltaic system can be applied in all fields that require solar energy for power generation. Taking a photovoltaic power generation system grid as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a combiner box, and an inverter. The photovoltaic array may be an array combination of multiple solar cell modules; for example, multiple solar cell modules can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the combiner box, which can collect the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The collected current flows through the inverter and is converted into AC power required by the mains power grid before being connected to the mains power grid to achieve solar power supply.

[0104] It should be noted that the terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inside or outside relative to the outline of the component itself. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of other devices or structures" will later be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0105] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0106] It should also be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this application refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this application.

[0107] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0108] It should also be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made using the content of this application’s specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for producing a light-reflecting glass, characterized by, The preparation method comprises the following steps: reacting zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum chloride hexahydrate to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide; reacting the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl orthosilicate in an ethanol-ammonia solution to obtain an aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution; sequentially centrifuging, washing and drying the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica solution to obtain aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles; depositing the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles on a transparent glass surface, and calcining to convert the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles into a light-reflecting film, thereby obtaining light-reflecting glass.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the glass is a glass for a light reflecting mirror. The step of reacting zinc acetate dihydrate and aluminum chloride hexahydrate comprises: dissolving the zinc acetate dihydrate and the aluminum chloride hexahydrate in a mixed solution of ethylene glycol methyl ether and ethanolamine to obtain a first mixed solution; heating the first mixed solution to react the zinc acetate dihydrate and the aluminum chloride hexahydrate, wherein the reaction temperature T1 is 50-70℃, and the reaction time t1 is 0.5-2h; wherein the molar ratio R1 of the zinc acetate dihydrate to the aluminum chloride hexahydrate is 0.001:1-0.2:

1.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the glass is heated to a temperature of 700 to 800°C. The pH value of the first mixed solution is 9-12.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the glass is a light reflecting glass. In the aluminum-doped zinc oxide, the molar concentration C1 of aluminum is 0.1-2%.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the glass is a light reflecting glass. The step of reacting the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and tetraethyl orthosilicate in an ethanol-ammonia solution comprises: dispersing the aluminum-doped zinc oxide in an ethanol-ammonia solution to obtain a second mixed solution; adding the tetraethyl orthosilicate to the second mixed solution and stirring to react the aluminum-doped zinc oxide and the tetraethyl orthosilicate, wherein the reaction temperature T2 is 20-35℃, and the reaction time t2 is 10-15h; wherein the molar ratio R2 of the aluminum-doped zinc oxide to the tetraethyl orthosilicate is 0.02:1-0.2:

1.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the glass is a light reflecting glass. In the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles, the molar concentration C2 of aluminum-doped zinc oxide is 2-20%.

7. The method of claim 1 to 6, characterized in that The step of depositing the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles on a transparent glass surface comprises: ultrasonic dispersing the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles in ethanol to obtain a third mixed solution; applying one or more of drop coating, spin coating, dip coating, spray coating and coating to the third mixed solution to coat the transparent glass surface, so that the aluminum-doped zinc oxide-silica nanoparticles are deposited on the transparent glass surface.

8. The method of claim 1 to 6, wherein the method is characterized by, In the calcining process, the calcining temperature T3 is 700-900℃, and the calcining time t3 is 90-160s.

9. The method of producing a light-reflecting glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The thickness of the light-reflecting film is 0.1-2μm.

10. Light reflecting glass, characterized in that The light-reflecting glass is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A solar cell module characterized by comprising: The light-reflecting glass comprises the light-reflecting glass of claim 10. The light-reflecting glass is arranged on the light-entering side of a solar cell.

12. A photovoltaic system characterized by, The solar cell module comprises the solar cell of claim 11.

Images