A fixed base for a backhoe dredger excavator

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of dredging equipment technology, specifically to a fixed base for a backhoe dredger excavator, including a fixed base connected to the hull. The fixed base is clamped and fixed by a connecting member, which includes a nut seat and a tightening bolt threaded into the nut seat. A dustproof component is provided between the threaded portion of the nut seat and the tightening bolt. This invention utilizes a motion conversion mechanism composed of internal helical teeth and external helical tooth grooves to intelligently and forcibly transform the linear motion that inevitably occurs during the disassembly of the tightening bolt into a composite motion of axial movement and rotation around the axis of the cleaning ring. This upgrades the cleaning action from simple axial scraping to a comprehensive and efficient rotational brushing of all sides of the thread groove, thoroughly removing hardened mud and sand, ensuring reliable cleaning of the threaded parts even under the harshest working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dredging equipment technology, specifically to a fixed base for a backhoe dredging excavator. Background Technology

[0002] Dredgers are core equipment for waterway dredging and waterway infrastructure construction, and their market demand is growing with the continuous advancement of waterway construction projects in my country. Backhoe dredgers are an important type of vessel, whose main working mechanism is a large hydraulic excavator mounted on the hull.

[0003] Currently, the common practice in the industry is to directly purchase complete excavators with full running gear (i.e., tracked chassis), such as large equipment like the PC Komatsu 1250 and above. After these excavators are transported to dredgers, their running gear is secured to the deck using various limiting devices (such as tie rods, wooden blocks, and pressure plates). This application model essentially involves transplanting land-based construction machinery into a waterborne operating environment without modification.

[0004] The running gear of an excavator is a significant component of the overall machine cost. However, in the specific application scenario of a dredger, the excavator, especially a large one, requires virtually no further movement after installation, as its massive size makes relocation on the vessel almost impossible. Therefore, equipping an excavator on a dredger with a fully functional running gear is essentially a functional waste, directly leading to a significant increase in equipment procurement costs. Furthermore, the running gear itself has a certain height, which raises the overall center of gravity of the excavator.

[0005] When operating in open water, dredgers inevitably encounter wind and waves, causing them to sway. A high center of gravity reduces the overall stability of the vessel, increasing the risk of the excavator capsizing and posing a potential threat to equipment and personnel safety. Although limit devices are in place, their reliability faces severe challenges under long-term, complex alternating loads.

[0006] Therefore, a fixed base for a backhoe dredger excavator is proposed to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Technical problems to be solved

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a fixed base for a backhoe dredger excavator, which can solve the technical problems of high equipment cost, high center of gravity and safety hazards, and limited working range and digging depth of traditional ship excavators due to the retention of the walking mechanism.

[0009] Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] This invention provides a fixed base for a backhoe dredger, including a fixed base connected to the hull. The fixed base is clamped and fixed by a connector, which includes a nut seat and a tightening bolt threaded into the nut seat. A dustproof component is provided between the nut seat and the threaded portion of the tightening bolt. The dustproof component includes a sleeve disposed above the nut seat and a cleaning ring elastically installed inside the sleeve. The inner wall of the cleaning ring is provided with bristles, and the bristles of the cleaning ring are in contact with the threaded surface of the tightening bolt.

[0012] It also includes a motion conversion mechanism, which is disposed between the sleeve and the cleaning ring, and is used to drive the cleaning ring to rotate within the sleeve when the tightening bolt moves axially relative to the nut seat, so that the bristles clean the surface of the threaded part.

[0013] Furthermore, the dustproof component also includes an elastic element disposed between the sleeve and the cleaning ring, which provides a preload force to the cleaning ring toward the nut seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the motion conversion mechanism includes an inner helical tooth disposed on the inner wall of the sleeve and an outer helical tooth groove disposed on the outer side of the cleaning ring and meshing with the inner helical tooth.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple balls are provided between the meshing surfaces of the inner helical teeth and the outer helical tooth groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the dustproof component also includes a sealing assembly disposed at the end of the sleeve. The sealing assembly is deformed under pressure when the top bolt is tightened, and is used to seal the interface between the sleeve and the nut seat.

[0017] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes an annular compression washer and a plurality of scraping lips disposed on the inclined surface of the compression washer.

[0018] Furthermore, a shock-absorbing rubber pad is provided between the fixed base and the hull.

[0019] Furthermore, the connector also includes a pressure block disposed between the tightening portion of the tightening bolt and the fixed base.

[0020] Furthermore, the nut seat is installed on the supporting side column or hull via a nut bearing plate, and the nut bearing plate and the outer shell of the box together form a closed box that accommodates the connecting parts and dustproof parts.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer shell of the enclosure is connected to an opening fan via hinges.

[0022] Furthermore, the surface of the fixed base is provided with a connecting flange, which is connected to the excavator base of the excavator by base fixing bolts.

[0023] Beneficial effects

[0024] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] In this invention, the motion conversion mechanism between the cleaning ring and the sleeve, consisting of an inner helical tooth and an outer helical tooth groove, intelligently and forcibly transforms the linear motion that inevitably occurs during the disassembly of the tightening bolt into a composite motion of axial movement and rotation around the axis of the cleaning ring. This upgrades the cleaning action from simple axial scraping to a comprehensive and efficient rotational brushing of all sides of the thread groove, thoroughly removing hardened mud and sand. This ensures that the threaded pair can be reliably cleaned even under the most severe working conditions, thus solving the fundamental problem that traditional protection methods cannot cope with mud and sand intrusion and cause thread lock-up.

[0026] Furthermore, the synergistic design of the compression washer and its distributed scraping lips is not a simple static seal, but a sealing system that intelligently responds to changes in tightening force. It achieves progressive protection from surface sealing to line sealing: when the bolts are tightened, the compression washer provides a basic seal, while the scraping lips, under the effect of the inclined plane, open to form a tighter second line of defense; when the bolts loosen, the lips contract and generate a scraping action, actively removing accumulated dirt from the mating surfaces. This design integrates sealing and scraping, dynamically maintaining the cleanliness and effectiveness of the sealing interface.

[0027] In summary, by integrating the aforementioned components into a single, complete dustproof unit, its greatest unique feature lies in the fact that the entire system requires no external power or manual intervention. It utilizes the normal operation of the top bolts (tightening or loosening) as the power source to trigger its cleaning and sealing functions. This significantly improves the maintainability and reliability of the equipment, integrating necessary maintenance into daily operations, achieving maintenance through operation. This fundamentally eliminates safety hazards caused by untimely or difficult maintenance and significantly reduces long-term operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the backhoe dredger structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the external appearance of the excavator mounting base in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the excavator fixing base without the decorative panel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] in Figure 3 a is a schematic diagram of the excavator base installation;

[0033] Figure 3 b is a schematic diagram of the connector installation;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view of the excavator mounting base without the decorative panel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the structure along the AA direction;

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the structure along the CC direction;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the excavator fixed base with housing shell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the excavator fixing base without the housing shell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] in Figure 9 a is a schematic diagram of the connection flange installation;

[0041] Figure 9 b is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a top view of the excavator fixed base without the outer casing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the structure along the BB direction;

[0044] Figure 12 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the structure along the DD direction;

[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the nut bearing plate structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the dustproof component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the dustproof component structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] in Figure 15 a is a schematic diagram of the cleaning ring installation;

[0049] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the dustproof component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dustproof component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning ring structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Hull; 2. Excavator base; 3. Support side post; 4. Decorative panel; 5. Fixed base; 6. Shock-absorbing pad; 7. Connector; 701. Nut seat; 7011. Connecting part; 7012. Nut groove; 702. Tightening bolt; 7021. Threaded part; 7022. Bolt torsion drive part; 7023. Tightening part; 703. Nut support plate; 704. Pressure block; 705. Dustproof part; 7051. Sleeve; 7052. Spring; 7053. Cleaning ring; 7054. Compression washer; 7055. Scraper lip; 7056. Internal helical tooth; 7057. External helical tooth groove; 7058. Ball bearing; 8. Connecting bolt; 9. Base fixing bolt; 10. Connecting flange; 11. Housing shell; 12. Hinge; 13. Housing opening sash; 14. Pin. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0054] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0056] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0057] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1-18 This solution proposes a mounting base for an excavator on a backhoe dredger, consisting of a support column 3, a decorative panel 4, a mounting base 5, shock-absorbing pads 6, and connectors 7. The mounting base 5 is first connected to the hull 1 for shock absorption, then the high-strength connectors 7 are used to press and secure it, and finally the excavator base (without the walking mechanism) is installed on it, thus achieving a permanent, low-center-of-gravity mounting of the excavator on the dredger.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 2-6 As shown, after removing the bottom walking mechanism, the excavator is modified so that an excavator base 2 is installed on the bottom of the excavator, thus fixing the excavator on the hull 1.

[0061] A working position is provided at the front of the hull 1. A fixed base 5 is fixedly connected in the working position. The fixed base 5 is pressed and fixed in the working position of the hull 1 by the connector 7. The excavator base 2 is connected to the fixed base 5 by the base fixing bolt 9, thereby fixing the excavator in the working position and smoothly transmitting the huge working load (including vertical pressure, overturning moment and torsional load) generated by the upper rotating body of the excavator to the main structure of the hull, ensuring the smooth transmission of force.

[0062] Secondly, this rigid connection significantly lowers the overall center of gravity of the machine. By almost directly connecting the excavator body to the ship's deck, it greatly improves the stability and safety of the vessel when operating in wind and waves, fundamentally overcoming the shortcomings of the traditional method, which is prone to overturning due to the high center of gravity caused by retaining the walking mechanism.

[0063] Finally, the design embodies the engineering concepts of modularity and integration. By transforming the lower part of the excavator into a standardized excavator base 2 and precisely connecting it with the pre-installed fixed base 5, the installation process is simplified, the installation accuracy and efficiency of the equipment are improved, and the excavator and the hull are truly integrated into one, sharing the load. Thus, while ensuring structural strength, the equipment cost is optimized and the operational efficiency is improved.

[0064] Because the excavator will vibrate and swing during operation, such as the connection between the fixed base 5 and the hull 1, the concentrated stress caused by vibration or swing may damage the hull 1 and reduce its service life.

[0065] Therefore, shock-absorbing pads 6 are installed at the bottom of the fixed base 5 and around the perimeter where they contact the hull 1. Through the energy absorption effect of the shock-absorbing pads 6, the impact of the excavator on the hull 1 during construction is greatly reduced. The shock-absorbing pads 6 block and resolve the direct transmission of the huge dynamic load generated by the excavator during operation to the hull structure. Utilizing the viscoelastic properties of polymer materials, the shock vibration and periodic oscillation generated by the excavator during digging, turning, and unloading are effectively absorbed and dissipated. The concentrated dynamic stress is converted into the internal energy inside the pads and dissipated, thereby avoiding fatigue damage and potential destruction to the hull steel plates and welds caused by high stress concentration. This ensures the long-term operational reliability and safety of the integrated power system and operating system.

[0066] More specifically, the connector 7 includes a nut seat 701 and a tightening bolt 702. The nut seat 701 consists of a connecting part 7011 and a nut groove 7012. Due to the large size and weight of the excavator and the large vibrations generated during construction, the required fixing force is also relatively large. Therefore, the nut groove 7012 is set as a column to increase the number of thread turns, thereby improving the tightening force and stability of the nut seat 701.

[0067] The tightening bolt 702 consists of a threaded portion 7021, a bolt torsion drive portion 7022, and a tightening portion 7023. The bolt torsion drive portion 7022 and the tightening portion 7023 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the threaded portion 7021. In use, the threaded portion 7021 is screwed into the nut groove 7012 by the bolt torsion drive portion 7022 until the tightening portion 7023 penetrates the nut groove 7012 and abuts against the surface of the fixed base 5, thereby achieving the clamping and fixing of the fixed base 5.

[0068] The working position is provided with a support column 3 inside the fixed base 5. The fixed base 5 used to support the excavator base 2 in the working position is arranged in two symmetrically distributed groups.

[0069] The fixed base 5 is located between the supporting side column 3 and the hull 1. During installation, multiple sets of connectors 7 are evenly distributed on the outside of the fixed base 5, allowing them to simultaneously press the fixed base 5 together. The connecting part 7011 is installed on the hull 1 or the supporting side column 3 by connecting bolts 8, thereby fixing the nut seat 701.

[0070] The connecting part 7011 can also be installed on the hull 1 or the supporting side column 3 by welding. By constructing a stable, multi-point rigid constraint frame, the huge overturning moment and complex load generated during excavator operation are resisted with optimal mechanical distribution.

[0071] In particular, by symmetrically arranging the fixed bases 5 in pairs, and forming a stable triangular or box-shaped support area together with the inner support column 3 and the outer hull 1, the overall rigidity and torsional resistance of the base are greatly enhanced.

[0072] Secondly, by evenly distributing multiple sets of connectors 7 on the outside of the fixed base 5, it is equivalent to setting multiple strong clamps at the most unfavorable stress position, so that the clamping force is evenly distributed and works together to effectively prevent the fixed base from warping or loosening under alternating loads, and ensure the smooth transmission of force. Finally, the flexible installation method of the connecting part 7011, which can be bolted or welded, provides adaptability for on-site construction, which can ensure the connection strength and facilitate manufacturing, installation and adjustment.

[0073] It should be noted that after the excavator base 2 is installed in the working position, the working position can be sealed off by installing a decorative panel 4 on the hull 1 to cover the surface of the working position. The decorative panel 4 is connected to the hull 1 with screws. When tightening or maintenance is required, the decorative panel 4 can be opened to expose the internal structure of the working position. When not in use, it is covered, which can provide waterproofing and protection against impacts.

[0074] In summary, compared to the hull's moving parts, the fixed base used on dredgers offers several advantages. Economically, the reduced moving parts on the excavator lower the equipment procurement cost. In terms of safety, the fixed base, secured by welding and bolts, offers greater reliability and safety when the hull rocks due to strong winds and waves, as the excavator's lower center of gravity makes it less susceptible to safety hazards compared to a moving part. Furthermore, the lower installation height of the excavator increases its digging depth and working range, improving operational efficiency and ultimately reducing construction costs.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] Based on Embodiment 1, this solution also proposes another type of mounting base for backhoe dredgers. Please refer to the attached document. Figure 1 Appendix Figure 8-13 As shown, the excavator base 2 is connected to the connecting flange 10 provided on the surface of the fixed base 5 by the base fixing bolt 9, thereby realizing the fixation of the excavator base 2 on the fixed base 5.

[0077] The connecting flange 10, as a precision-machined rigid platform, evenly distributes the enormous load generated by the excavator during operation onto the entire fixed base 5 through its wide contact surface. This effectively avoids stress concentration caused by point contact and significantly improves the fatigue resistance of the connection. Furthermore, this flange connection, together with the base fixing bolts 9, forms a strongly constrained rigid node, ensuring the stability of the excavator during operation and preventing it from fretting or displaced under complex alternating loads, thereby guaranteeing operational accuracy and safety.

[0078] The connector 7 also includes a nut bearing plate 703 connected between the hull 1 and the supporting side post 3. The connecting part 7011 in the nut seat 701 is fixed to the lower surface of the nut bearing plate 703 by bolt connection or welding. At the same time, both sides of the nut bearing plate 703 are connected to the outer shell 11, thus forming a closed box under the nut bearing plate 703. When the nut seat 701 and the tightening bolt 702 are pressed against the fixed base 5, they are inside the closed box, which can play a protective role such as waterproofing and avoiding impact.

[0079] The surface of the outer shell 11 is also connected to the opening fan 13 of the box via a hinge 12, and the opening fan 13 of the box is provided with a locking pin 14 for locking and fixing.

[0080] By flipping the opening fan 13 of the enclosure, the enclosure can be opened and closed more easily, making it easier to perform fastening operations or maintenance.

[0081] Furthermore, a pressure block 704 is placed above the fixed base 5 inside the enclosed box and below the nut seat 701. After the tightening bolt 702 is inserted into the nut seat 701 and tightened, the tightening part 7023 passes through the nut groove 7012 and abuts against the surface of the pressure block 704, thereby pressing and fixing the fixed base 5 through the pressure block 704.

[0082] As a rigid force transmission medium, the pressure block 704 transforms the concentrated point load applied by the tightening part 7023 of the tightening bolt 702 into a surface load acting on a relatively wide area of ​​the upper surface of the fixed base 5, effectively avoiding indentation damage or local plastic deformation caused by high stress concentration on the surface of the fixed base, and protecting key components.

[0083] Furthermore, the presence of the pressure block 704 compensates for structural tolerances and simplifies installation alignment. Even if there is a slight height deviation between the installation position of the nut seat 701 and the upper surface of the fixed base 5, the flat bottom surface of the pressure block can ensure that the clamping force is applied evenly, thus guaranteeing the reliability of the connection.

[0084] Moreover, as an independent wear part, the pressure block 704 is much simpler and more economical to replace or repair than to repair the fixed base 5 or the hull structure. At the same time, it makes the stress state of the tightening bolt more ideal, mainly bearing tensile stress rather than bending stress, thus extending its service life.

[0085] It is worth noting that although the enclosed enclosure is designed to be waterproof and prevent collisions, when the excavator is carrying out high-intensity and continuous dredging operations in waterways containing a large amount of mud, debris and high humidity, water vapor or mud rich in mud may still enter the interior of the enclosed enclosure through tiny gaps such as the gaps in the hinge 12 and the edge of the enclosure opening sash 13.

[0086] The intruding mud and water mixture will accumulate in critical areas such as the nut groove 7012 of the nut seat 701 and the threaded portion 7021 of the tightening bolt 702. After prolonged operation, the moisture evaporates, and the mud and sand gradually dry and harden, forming solid mud blocks that firmly lock or encase the threaded pair. When it is necessary to adjust or repair the connector 7, maintenance personnel may not be able to directly tighten the tightening bolt 702 because the hardened mud and sand greatly increases the rotational resistance and may even cause thread damage.

[0087] Furthermore, severe hardening may cause the tightening bolt 702 to completely lose its ability to adjust the preload, turning it from a critical fastener into a mere decoration. The inability of the tightening bolt 702 to tighten may lead to slight loosening of the connection between the excavator base 2 and the hull 1. Under long-term alternating loads, this loosening will intensify, posing a potential safety risk.

[0088] Therefore, by installing a dustproof component 705 between the nut seat 701 and the tightening bolt 702, it is possible to effectively prevent water vapor rich in mud and sand from entering the threaded pair and solve the key maintenance problem of thread lock-up caused by mud and sand caking, thereby ensuring the maintainability and reliability of the connector 7 throughout the entire life cycle of the ship.

[0089] It should be noted that the dustproof component 705 comprises a sleeve 7051, a spring 7052, a cleaning ring 7053, a compression washer 7054, and a scraping lip 7055. The sleeve 7051 is located between the nut seat 701 and the nut support plate 703, and is positioned at the upper opening of the nut groove 7012. The sleeve 7051 is annular and coaxially distributed with the nut groove 7012.

[0090] The upper side of the sleeve 7051 is a closed end with a circular hole on its surface that matches the tightening bolt 702. When the tightening bolt 702 is screwed into the nut groove 7012, it passes through the circular hole on the surface of the sleeve 7051. The sleeve 7051 also has an annular and coaxially distributed cleaning ring 7053 inside. The inner wall of the cleaning ring 7053 is embedded with tough and wear-resistant bristles, and the shape of the bristles matches the thread profile of the threaded portion 7021 of the tightening bolt 702.

[0091] As the tightening bolt 702 is screwed into the nut groove 7012, it passes through the bristles inside the cleaning ring 7053. When the tightening bolt 702 is screwed in or out, the relative movement between the threaded part 7021 and the bristles is passively converted into a full-process mechanical brushing of the threaded surface. This self-cleaning mechanism driven by the operation itself can effectively remove mud and sand before they accumulate and harden, fundamentally preventing the problem of thread jamming.

[0092] The difference is that the upper end of the cleaning ring 7053 is connected to a spring 7052, and the other end of the spring 7052 is connected to the upper inner wall of the sleeve 7051.

[0093] The inner wall of the sleeve 7051 is also provided with an inner spiral helical tooth 7056, while the outer surface of the cleaning ring 7053 is provided with an outer spiral helical tooth groove 7057 that is adapted to the inner spiral helical tooth 7056. The outer spiral helical tooth groove 7057 and the inner spiral helical tooth 7056 are engaged and connected.

[0094] By intelligently and forcibly converting the single axial movement of the tightening bolt 702 into a composite movement of the cleaning ring 7053, which combines axial movement and rotation, a more efficient and thorough scraping cleaning of the threaded portion 7021 is achieved. Furthermore, the continuous preload applied by the spring 7052 ensures that the bristles of the cleaning ring remain in close contact with the bolt thread surface, providing the basic contact pressure for effective cleaning and giving the cleaning ring an automatic reset function. Secondly, the inclined engagement of the inner helical teeth 7056 and the outer helical tooth groove 7057 constitutes a motion conversion mechanism.

[0095] When the tightening bolt is turned, its axial movement acts on the brush bristles through the thread to generate thrust, which pushes the cleaning brush ring 7053 to move axially. This helical tooth meshing structure decomposes the axial thrust and generates a torque that makes the cleaning brush rotate around its own axis.

[0096] This means that during the process of tightening bolt 702 being withdrawn or screwed into nut seat 701, the bristles of cleaning ring 7053 not only scrape away dirt and sand from the thread surface axially, but also radially rotate and brush all sides of the thread groove. This combined motion greatly improves cleaning efficiency and thoroughness, far surpassing simple axial scraping.

[0097] When the top bolt 702 is not installed, the cleaning ring 7053 is pushed to the position closest to the nut groove 7012 under the action of the spring 7052.

[0098] When the tightening bolt 702 is installed, it passes through the bristles inside the cleaning ring 7053. The bristles tightly wrap around and adhere to the surface of the threaded portion 7021, and under the elastic force of the spring 7052, they tightly cover the connection between the threaded portion 7021 and the nut groove 7012, forming static protection. Furthermore, when the tightening bolt 702 is tightened, a strong downward force is applied to the sleeve 7051 through the bristles, spring 7052, and cleaning ring 7053.

[0099] The lower end of the sleeve 7051 is open, and an annular compression washer 7054 is connected to the opening. Under downward pressure, the sleeve 7051 presses the compression washer 7054 tightly against the surface of the nut groove 7012, thus achieving a seal at the interface between the nut groove 7012 and the threaded portion 7021. The compression washer 7054 has a trapezoidal cross-section, with the inclined surface of the trapezoid facing outwards from the sleeve 7051. Equally spaced circumferentially distributed scraping lips 7055 are connected to the inclined surface of the compression washer 7054. When the compression washer 7054 is pressed downwards, the inclined surface presses down on the scraping lips 7055, creating a double seal at the gap between the compression washer 7054 and the nut groove 7012.

[0100] When the jacking bolt is tightened, the downward pressure generated is transmitted throughout the dustproof component, forcing the sleeve 7051 to press the compression washer 7054 tightly against the surface of the nut groove 7012. The elastic deformation of the compression washer 7054 itself achieves the first reliable, large-contact-area static surface seal. Its unique trapezoidal cross-section design is key; under pressure, it not only generates axial compression but also guides the material to expand radially, thereby more tightly filling all the microscopic unevenness of the nut groove surface and enhancing the sealing effect.

[0101] Building upon this, multiple scraping lips 7055 integrated on the bevel of the compression washer form a more sophisticated second line of defense. When the washer is pressed down, the wedge effect of the bevel forces these flexible lips to open outward and downward, like multiple flexible shovels, their sharp edges tightly "kissing" the surface of the nut groove, forming a dynamic line seal.

[0102] This seal not only provides a better static seal, but more importantly, when the sleeve moves up and down due to bolt operation, these open lips will exert a slight scraping effect on the contact surface, which can effectively remove any mud and sand that may have accumulated in this area and prevent it from hardening, thus achieving an active protection function that integrates sealing and scraping.

[0103] When it is necessary to disassemble the tightening bolt 702, it is moved outward from the nut groove 7012 by rotating the tightening bolt 702. During this process, the movement of the tightening bolt 702 generates a thrust on the bristles pressed against the threaded portion 7021 through the threaded bevel. This thrust overcomes part of the elastic force of the spring 7052, pushing the sleeve 7051 and the cleaning ring 7053 to move outward from the nut groove 7012 synchronously with the threaded portion 7021. Then, under the guidance of the outer helical helical groove 7057 and the inner helical helical tooth 7056, the cleaning ring 7053 moves upward within the sleeve 7051 and rotates during the movement. This causes the bristles on the cleaning ring 7053 to perform an axial scraping on the surface of the threaded portion 7021, initially cleaning the dirt and sand towards the end of the threaded portion 7021.

[0104] More importantly, as the sleeve 7051 moves upward, it reduces the pressure on the compression washer 7054, causing the compression washer 7054 to deform. The axial movement of the bolt pushes the bristles of the cleaning ring 7053 through its threaded inclined surface, thereby driving the entire cleaning ring to move upward within the sleeve 7051. The meshing of the inner helical tooth 7056 and the outer helical tooth groove 7057 forces this axial movement into the rotational movement of the cleaning ring.

[0105] This allows the brush bristles to perform a combined cleaning of the threaded surface 7021, which involves both axial scraping and radial rotational brushing. During the process of the bolt being removed from the nut groove 7012, it can actively and thoroughly break up and remove the hard dirt and sand attached to the thread groove, thus clearing the way for the smooth disassembly of the bolt.

[0106] Secondly, the sleeve 7051 moves upward synchronously with the cleaning ring, relieving the pressure on the compression washer 7054 below, allowing it to elastically recover and deform, thereby actively releasing the end face seal previously formed by it and the scraper lip 7055. This seal release action is crucial, as it avoids additional frictional resistance that may occur between the compressed seal and the nut groove surface when the bolt is removed, while providing space for loose mud and sand that may have been scraped up by the scraper lip to drain, preventing secondary blockage at the interface.

[0107] It is particularly noteworthy that the cross-sections of the outer helical groove 7057 and the inner helical tooth 7056 are both set as trapezoidal, and the inner surface of the outer helical groove 7057 is rotatably connected with evenly distributed balls 7058, which abut against the surface of the inner helical tooth 7056.

[0108] The design of the 7058 ball bearing transforms the sliding friction between the meshing surfaces into rolling friction, significantly reducing motion resistance and making this conversion process smoother and more efficient, thus reducing wear.

[0109] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed base for a backhoe dredger excavator, comprising a fixed base (5) connected to the hull (1), characterized in that, The fixed base (5) is pressed and fixed by a connector (7). The connector (7) includes a nut seat (701) and a tightening bolt (702) that is threadedly engaged with the nut seat (701). A dustproof component (705) is provided between the nut seat (701) and the threaded portion (7021) of the tightening bolt (702). The dustproof component (705) includes a sleeve (7051) disposed above the nut seat (701) and a cleaning ring (7053) that is elastically and movably installed in the sleeve (7051). The inner wall of the cleaning ring (7053) is provided with bristles that are in contact with the surface of the threaded portion (7021) of the tightening bolt (702). A motion conversion mechanism is provided between the sleeve (7051) and the cleaning ring (7053). The motion conversion mechanism is used to drive the cleaning ring (7053) to rotate within the sleeve (7051) when the tightening bolt (702) moves axially relative to the nut seat (701), so that the bristles clean the surface of the threaded portion (7021). The dustproof component (705) also includes a spring (7052) disposed between the sleeve (7051) and the cleaning ring (7053) to provide a preload force toward the nut seat (701) for the cleaning ring (7053); The motion conversion mechanism includes an inner helical tooth (7056) disposed on the inner wall of the sleeve (7051) and an outer helical tooth groove (7057) disposed on the outer side of the cleaning ring (7053) and meshing with the inner helical tooth (7056); Multiple balls (7058) are provided between the meshing surfaces of the inner helical tooth (7056) and the outer helical tooth groove (7057).

2. The backhoe dredger excavator fixing base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dustproof component (705) also includes a sealing assembly disposed at the end of the sleeve (7051). The sealing assembly is deformed under pressure when the tightening bolt (702) is tightened, and is used to seal the interface between the sleeve (7051) and the nut seat (701).

3. The backhoe dredger excavator fixing base according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing assembly includes an annular compression washer (7054) and a plurality of scraping lips (7055) disposed on the inclined surface of the compression washer (7054).

4. The backhoe dredger excavator fixing base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connector (7) also includes a pressure block (704) disposed between the tightening part (7023) of the tightening bolt (702) and the fixed base (5).

5. The backhoe dredger excavator fixing base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nut seat (701) is installed on the support column (3) or the hull (1) via the nut bearing plate (703). The nut bearing plate (703) and the outer shell (11) together form a closed box that accommodates the connector (7) and the dustproof component (705).

6. The backhoe dredger excavator fixing base according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer shell (11) of the box is connected to the box opening fan (13) by a hinge (12).

7. The backhoe dredger excavator fixing base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base (5) is provided with a connecting flange (10), which is connected to the excavator base (2) of the excavator by the base fixing bolts (9).

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