Method and system for determining TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunneling horizon of upper coal seam bottom drainage roadway of high confined aquifer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine underground roadway tunneling, and discloses a method and a system for determining a TBM tunneling layer position of an upper coal seam bottom drainage roadway of a high confined aquifer. Comprising the steps of geological and hydrogeological characteristic investigation, mining technology condition investigation, coal seam floor failure zone depth calculation, high confined aquifer guide rising zone height calculation, TBM tunneling horizon preliminary determination, TBM tunneling disturbance range calculation, TBM tunneling horizon secondary determination, surrounding rock strength stress exploration while tunneling, and tunneling horizon rationality evaluation. According to the method, the depth of a coal seam failure zone, the height of a high-confined aquifer guide rising zone and the TBM tunneling disturbance range are creatively used as core control indexes for layer determination, a multi-factor coupled TBM tunneling layer determination model is established, and the quantitative corresponding relation between safe tunneling layer determination and TBM tunneling parameters under different geological conditions is determined; and accurate determination of the safe tunneling position of the coal seam bottom drainage roadway on the high confined aquifer is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground roadway excavation technology in coal mines, specifically relating to a method and system for determining the stratigraphic position of a TBM (Tube Machine) excavation system for bottom drainage roadways in high-pressure aquifers. Background Technology

[0002] The coal seam floor in coal-producing areas generally contains high-pressure aquifers such as Ordovician limestone, characterized by high water pressure, strong water-bearing capacity, and extremely complex hydrogeological conditions. As a key channel for regional gas control, the safe and efficient connection of bottom drainage roadways is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring safe coal mining.

[0003] The full-face hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation method has minimal disturbance to the surrounding rock, can effectively control the depth of the floor failure zone, and maximizes the protection of the integrity of the aquitard. It provides a revolutionary technical means for the rapid excavation of rock roadways in coal mines. Therefore, promoting the application of TBMs in high-pressure water bottom drainage roadways has become one of the effective methods for rock roadway excavation.

[0004] Applying TBMs to such complex hydrogeological conditions presents numerous challenges: (1) How to accurately determine a tunneling stratum with optimal safety and economy: If the stratum is selected too close to the high-pressure aquifer, the original fractures in the floor are easy to communicate and form new water channels, which greatly increases the risk of high-pressure water rushing into the roadway along the fractures; If the stratum is selected too close to the coal seam, the huge stress transfer and surrounding rock deformation during mining will seriously damage the stability of the bottom drainage roadway, leading to support failure and severe roadway deformation; In addition, the TBM also has requirements on the hardness of the rock strata. If the rock strata are too soft, problems such as cutterhead mud accumulation, shield jamming, and loss of directional control are likely to occur during tunneling, which significantly increases the construction difficulty and cost.

[0005] (2) How to monitor whether the tunneling is in a safe tunneling state in real time during the tunneling process: In actual engineering, the geological data obtained is often multi-source and heterogeneous. How to build a system that can effectively integrate, process and quantify these multi-source heterogeneous geological data so that the tunneling is always in a safe and controllable state is a major challenge to achieve safe tunneling of TBMs on high-pressure aquifers.

[0006] Therefore, the method for determining the stratum for TBM tunneling in the bottom drainage roadway of a coal seam in a high-confined aquifer is particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method and system for determining the stratigraphic position during bottom drainage tunneling of coal seams in high-confined aquifers. It innovatively uses the depth of the coal seam failure zone, the height of the lifting zone in the high-confined aquifer, and the TBM disturbance range as core control indicators for stratigraphic position determination, establishing a comprehensive system that considers rock mass strength R, geological strength G, and the TBM disturbance range H. 扰Depth D of the surrounding rock failure zone and height H of confined water uplift 导 A multi-factor coupled TBM tunneling stratum determination model clarifies the quantitative correspondence between safe tunneling stratum determination and TBM tunneling parameters under different geological conditions, enabling accurate determination of safe tunneling stratum for bottom drainage in coal seams of high-pressure aquifers.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A method for determining the stratigraphic position during bottom drainage roadway excavation of coal seams in high-confined aquifers using a TBM, the method comprising: To obtain the stratigraphic and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine; Based on the geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine, the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle are obtained. Based on the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle, calculate the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone; Calculate the height of the riser zone in a high-confined aquifer based on the confined water pressure, the thickness of the impermeable layer, and the permeability coefficient of the bottom plate. The stratigraphic position for tunneling is preliminarily determined by using the stratigraphic condition columnar section and the calculated depth of the coal seam floor failure zone and the height of the high-confined aquifer guide zone. By testing the uniaxial compressive strength R of the rock, the relationship between TBM tunneling parameters and geological conditions was analyzed, and the relationship between geological strength and tunneling specific energy was fitted. Finally, the TBM tunneling disturbance range H was obtained. 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed; By combining the disturbance range during tunneling at each rock stratum with the initially determined rock stratum and in conjunction with the geological strength of each stratum, the final tunneling stratum is determined. By equipping the TBM with a microseismic monitoring system and borehole stress gauge, the stress changes and fracture development of the rock mass ahead can be monitored in real time as the tunneling progresses. The degree of rock fracturing and stress concentration areas can be detected. The stress state of the surrounding rock in the safe tunneling layer of the TBM should meet the requirement that the strength-stress ratio of the surrounding rock is S≥1.5. By determining the final tunneling layer, when the stress of the surrounding rock encountered during tunneling does not meet the stress-to-strength ratio S≥1.5, grouting reinforcement and advance support are adopted to ensure safe tunneling.

[0009] Preferably, the geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine include: the lithology, strength, thickness, integrity, and pressure of the confined water in the bottom plate of different strata.

[0010] Preferably, the method for calculating the depth of the failure zone of the coal seam floor based on the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle includes: D=0.0085h+0.1665α+0.1079L-4.3579; In the formula, D is the depth of the failure zone of the coal seam floor; h is the working face mining height; α is the working face dip angle; and L is the working face mining width.

[0011] Preferably, the method for calculating the riser height of a high-confined aquifer based on the confined water pressure, the thickness of the impermeable layer, and the permeability coefficient of the base plate includes: H 导 =aH+bP+cKv+d; In the formula, H 导 H is the height of the guide zone; P is the thickness of the aquitard layer; Kv is the permeability coefficient of the base plate; a is the aquitard inhibition coefficient; b is the water pressure driving coefficient; c is the rock mass permeability gain coefficient; and d is the water-rock synergistic enhancement factor.

[0012] Preferably, the TBM tunneling disturbance range H 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed is as follows: H 扰 =EXP(mR-nG-pV+q); In the formula, H 扰 denoted as TBM tunneling disturbance range; R as uniaxial compressive strength of rock; G as geological strength; V as tunneling speed; m as rock strength sensitivity coefficient; n as geological integrity attenuation coefficient; p as tunneling speed disturbance coefficient; and q as disturbance range scale factor.

[0013] This invention also provides a system for determining the stratum for TBM tunneling in coal seam bottom drainage tunnels in high-confined aquifers. The system is used to implement the aforementioned method and includes: a geological and hydrogeological feature investigation module, a mining technology condition investigation module, a coal seam floor failure zone depth calculation module, a high-confined aquifer guide zone height calculation module, a preliminary TBM tunneling stratum determination module, a TBM tunneling disturbance range calculation module, a secondary TBM tunneling stratum determination module, a surrounding rock strength stress exploration module, and a tunneling stratum rationality evaluation module. The geological and hydrogeological feature survey module is used to obtain the stratigraphic and hydrogeological features of the mine. The mining technology conditions investigation module is used to obtain the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle of the coal seam based on the stratigraphic and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine. The coal seam floor failure zone depth calculation module is used to calculate the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone based on the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle. The high-pressure aquifer riser height calculation module is used to calculate the height of the high-pressure aquifer riser based on the aquifer's pressure, the thickness of the impermeable layer, and the bottom plate permeability coefficient. The TBM tunneling stratum preliminary determination module is used to preliminarily determine the tunneling stratum by using the stratigraphic condition columnar diagram and the calculated depth of the coal seam floor failure zone and the height of the high-confined aquifer guide zone. The TBM tunneling disturbance range calculation module is used to analyze the relationship between TBM tunneling parameters and geological conditions by testing the uniaxial compressive strength R of the rock, fit the relationship between geological strength and tunneling specific energy, and finally obtain the TBM tunneling disturbance range H. 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed; The TBM tunneling stratum secondary determination module is used to determine the final tunneling stratum by combining the disturbance range during tunneling at each rock stratum with the initially determined rock stratum and by relating it with the geological strength of each stratum. The surrounding rock strength stress detection module is used to monitor the stress changes and fracture development of the rock mass ahead in real time as the TBM is excavated by equipping the TBM with a microseismic monitoring system and a borehole stress gauge, and to detect the degree of surrounding rock fracture and stress concentration areas. The surrounding rock stress state of the safe excavation layer of the TBM should meet the requirement that the surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.5. The tunneling stratum rationality evaluation module is used to determine the final tunneling stratum. When the surrounding rock stress encountered during tunneling does not meet the requirement of surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.5, surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and advanced support methods are adopted to ensure the safe progress of tunneling.

[0014] Preferably, the geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine include: the lithology, strength, thickness, integrity, and pressure of the confined water in the bottom plate of different strata.

[0015] Preferably, the process of calculating the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone based on the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle includes: D=0.0085h+0.1665α+0.1079L-4.3579; In the formula, D is the depth of the failure zone of the coal seam floor; h is the working face mining height; α is the working face dip angle; and L is the working face mining width.

[0016] Preferably, the process of calculating the riser height of a high-confined aquifer based on the confined water pressure, the thickness of the impermeable layer, and the permeability coefficient of the base plate includes: H 导 =aH+bP+cKv+d; In the formula, H 导 H is the height of the guide zone; P is the thickness of the aquitard layer; Kv is the permeability coefficient of the base plate; a is the aquitard inhibition coefficient; b is the water pressure driving coefficient; c is the rock mass permeability gain coefficient; and d is the water-rock synergistic enhancement factor.

[0017] Preferably, the TBM tunneling disturbance range H 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed is as follows: H 扰 =EXP(mR-nG-pV+q); In the formula, H 扰 denoted as TBM tunneling disturbance range; R as uniaxial compressive strength of rock; G as geological strength; V as tunneling speed; m as rock strength sensitivity coefficient; n as geological integrity attenuation coefficient; p as tunneling speed disturbance coefficient; and q as disturbance range scale factor.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention addresses the safe tunneling of bottom drainage tunnels in coal seams above high-pressure aquifers using TBMs. It establishes quantitative relationships between different pressures of the confined water, the permeability coefficient of the aquitard, the thickness of the aquitard, and the rise height of the confined water. It also establishes quantitative relationships between the disturbance range during TBM tunneling and the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock mass, geological strength, and tunneling speed. This allows for more accurate determination of the tunneling strata. Based on exploration data, engineers skilled in the art can directly quantify and determine the optimal safe tunneling strata using the calculation formulas and models provided by this invention.

[0019] (2) In the process of bottom drainage tunneling in high-pressure aquifers, the present invention is designed to install a micro-vibration monitoring system and a borehole stress gauge on the TBM, which can monitor the stress state of the surrounding rock in real time and ensure the smooth progress of tunneling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining the stratum in a TBM tunneling method for bottom drainage roadways in a high-confined aquifer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a stratigraphic columnar section representing an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel cross-section according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a method for determining the stratum for bottom drainage roadways in coal seams above high-confined aquifers using a TBM, which is particularly applicable to determining the stratum for bottom drainage roadways in coal seams above high-confined aquifers during underground mining operations. The method includes the following steps: S1: Geological and hydrogeological characteristics survey: Through geological exploration, obtain the stratigraphic and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine, including the lithology, strength, thickness, integrity, and pressure of confined water in different strata. S2: Investigation of mining technical conditions: Through mine data and on-site surveys, obtain the working face height, working face dip length, coal seam dip angle, and other conditions of the coal seam being mined; S3: Calculation of the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone: This is calculated by substituting the coal seam height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle into the formula for calculating the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone. D=0.0085h+0.1665α+0.1079L-4.3579; In the formula: D is the depth of the failure zone of the coal seam floor, m; h is the working face height, m; α is the working face dip angle, °; L is the working face width, m. The depth D of the failure zone of the coal seam floor is calculated. S4: The process of calculating the riser height of a high-confined aquifer based on the confined water pressure, impermeable layer thickness, and bottom permeability coefficient includes: H 导 =aH+bP+cKv+d; The data were fitted using multiple linear regression to determine the ranges of a, b, c, and d in the above formula: a∈(-0.4902, -0.2152), b∈(1.493, 2.676), c∈(1.683, 3.052), d∈(13.5805, 19.4048).

[0025] Specifically, in the calculation of the riser zone height of a high-confined aquifer, the statistical data of the confined water pressure, aquitard thickness, and floor permeability coefficient of the coal mine aquifer are used as a new set of data for regression fitting. This step is repeated continuously to finally determine the coefficients a, b, c, and d suitable for this mine condition. With a = -0.3372, b = 1.8483, c = 2.3841, and d = 15.3256, the following relationship is derived: H 导 =-0.3372H+1.8483P+2.3841Kv+15.3256; In the formula: H 导 H is the height of the guide belt (m); H is the thickness of the waterproof layer (m); P is the pressure of the confined water (MPa); Kv is the permeability coefficient of the base plate (10). -13 m 2 (Pa·s) -1 Therefore, the height H of the lift zone in a high-confined aquifer can be calculated. 导 a is the aquitard inhibition coefficient, b is the water pressure driving coefficient, c is the rock mass permeability gain coefficient, and d is the water-rock synergistic enhancement factor. S5: Preliminary Determination of TBM Excavation Layers: Based on the stratigraphic condition columnar section and the calculated depth of the coal seam floor failure zone and the height of the uplift zone of the high-confined aquifer, the excavable layers are preliminarily determined; the burial depth of the preliminarily determined TBM excavation layers should satisfy the following relationship: Hd 煤 +D<Hd 掘进 <Hd 含水层 -H 导 ; Where: Hd 煤 D is the coal seam burial depth, in meters; D is the depth of the failure zone at the bottom of the coal seam, in meters; Hd 掘进 Hd represents the burial depth of the TBM tunneling layer, in meters (m). 含水层 The depth of the high-confined aquifer is m; H 导 The height of the guide belt is in meters (m). S6: TBM Excavation Disturbance Range Calculation: By testing the uniaxial compressive strength R of the rock, the relationship between TBM excavation parameters and geological conditions is analyzed, and the relationship between geological strength and excavation specific energy is fitted, ultimately obtaining the TBM excavation disturbance range H. 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed.

[0026] G = 9.26 × ln(SE) + 30.87; In the formula: G is the geological strength; SE is the tunneling specific energy, MJ / m 3SE = (thrust × rotational speed × torque) / (tunneling speed × cutterhead diameter), where thrust is in MN; rotational speed is in r / min; torque is in MN·m; tunneling speed is in mm / min; and cutterhead diameter is in m.

[0027] H 扰 =EXP(mR-nG-pV+q); The ranges of m, n, p, and d in the above formula were determined by numerical fitting: m∈(-0.025, -0.008), n∈(-0.012, -0.004), p∈(-0.028, -0.011), q∈(2.478, 4.037).

[0028] Combining the above formulas, and statistically analyzing the uniaxial compressive strength of rock, geological strength, and TBM tunneling speed in coal mine tunnels, a new regression fitting was performed, yielding m=-0.012, n=-0.006, p=0.016, and q=3.371. The TBM tunneling disturbance range H... 扰 The relationship between the rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed is as follows: H 扰 =EXP(-0.012R-0.006G-0.016V+3.371); In the formula: H 扰 Let be the TBM tunneling disturbance range (m); R be the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock (MPa); G be the geological strength; and V be the tunneling speed (mm / min). From this, the disturbance range of the TBM during tunneling at different strata can be calculated, where m is the rock strength sensitivity coefficient, n is the geological integrity attenuation coefficient, p is the tunneling speed disturbance coefficient, and q is the disturbance range scale factor.

[0029] S7: Secondary Determination of TBM Excavation Layers: By combining the disturbance range during excavation at each rock stratum with the initially determined rock stratum and considering the geological strength of each stratum, the final excavation layer is determined; the burial depth of the TBM excavation layer and the geological strength should simultaneously satisfy the following relationship: Hd 煤 +D<Hd TBM掘进 ±H 扰 <Hd 含水层 -H 导 ; G > 40; Where: Hd 煤 D is the coal seam burial depth, in meters; D is the depth of the failure zone at the bottom of the coal seam, in meters; Hd TBM掘进 H represents the burial depth of the TBM tunneling layer, in meters (m). 扰 The disturbance range of the TBM tunneling is in meters (m); Hd 含水层 The depth of the high-confined aquifer is m; H 导G represents the height of the lift zone, in meters; G represents the geological strength. S8: Real-time monitoring of surrounding rock strength and stress: By equipping the TBM with a microseismic monitoring system and borehole stress gauges, the stress changes and fracture development of the rock mass ahead are monitored in real time as tunneling progresses. The degree of surrounding rock fracturing and stress concentration zones are detected. The surrounding rock stress state at the safe tunneling strata of the TBM should meet the requirement of a surrounding rock strength-stress ratio S≥1.5; the formula for calculating the surrounding rock strength-stress ratio is as follows: ; Where: S is the strength-stress ratio of the surrounding rock; R is the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock, MPa; The maximum tangential stress in the surrounding rock is expressed in MPa. S9: Comprehensive evaluation of the tunneling strata: The final tunneling strata are determined through the above steps. When encountering areas with unstable surrounding rock stress during tunneling, methods such as surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and advance support can be used to ensure safe tunneling.

[0030] Example 2 In this embodiment, the coal seam floor of a certain mine in Henan Province is rich in a high-pressure aquifer. Simultaneously, for coal mining needs, it is necessary to determine the stratum for excavating the bottom gas drainage roadway in the coal seam floor. According to the method for determining the TBM excavation stratum for bottom gas drainage roadways in coal seams above high-pressure aquifers proposed in this invention, the specific steps are as follows: S1: Geological and Hydrogeological Characteristics Survey: Through geological exploration, obtain the stratigraphic and hydrogeological characteristics of the target mine. This includes the lithology and thickness of the roof and floor strata of the coal seam, such as... Figure 2 As shown in Table 1, the strength, integrity, maximum tangential stress, and strength stress of the surrounding rock strata in the top and bottom of the coal seam are as follows. The confined aquifer in the bottom plate with the threat of water inrush is L2 limestone, and the water pressure of the L2 limestone aquifer is 4.85-5.35 MPa. Table 1 S2: Investigation of mining technical conditions: According to the coal mine geological regulations, the coal seam mining conditions were investigated and found to be 5.8m deep, 120m long working face dip length, and 6° dipping angle.

[0031] S3: Calculation of the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone: Based on the coal seam mining depth, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle, the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone is calculated to be 9.6m.

[0032] S4: Calculation of the rise height of the confined aquifer: Based on the geological conditions of the confined aquifer, the thickness of the impermeable layer is 73.1m, the confined water pressure is taken as 5.1MPa, and the permeability coefficient is taken as 5. The calculated rise height of the confined water is 12.1m; S5: Preliminary determination of the TBM tunneling strata: Based on the stratigraphic condition columnar section and the calculated depth of the coal seam floor failure zone and the height of the high-pressure aquifer uplift zone, it was preliminarily determined that the tunnelable strata are between the three strata of L8 limestone, mudstone-siltstone interbedded layer, and coarse-grained sandstone. S6: TBM Excavation Disturbance Range Calculation: The TBM's excavation speed is 14 mm / min, and the cutterhead diameter is 5 m. Based on the geological strength formula, in L8 limestone, with a thrust of 18 MN, a rotation speed of 5 r / min, and a torque of 53 MN·m, the uniaxial compressive strength is 140 MPa, resulting in a calculated geological strength of 70. In interbedded mudstone and siltstone, with a thrust of 3 MN, a rotation speed of 8 r / min, and a torque of 2.6 MN·m, the calculated geological strength is 30. In coarse-grained sandstone, with a thrust of 8 MN, a rotation speed of 6 r / min, and a torque of 6.7 MN… The geological strength is calculated to be 45. Based on the geological strength relationship, the TBM tunneling layer should be between L8 limestone and coarse-grained sandstone. According to the disturbance range formula, when the TBM is tunneling in L8 limestone, the uniaxial compressive strength is 140MPa, the geological strength is 70, and the tunneling speed is 14mm / min. The radial disturbance range during tunneling is calculated to be 2.8m. When tunneling in coarse-grained sandstone, the uniaxial compressive strength is 45MPa, the geological strength is 45, and the tunneling speed is 14mm / min. The radial disturbance range during tunneling is calculated to be 6.3m.

[0033] S7: Secondary determination of TBM tunneling strata: By combining the disturbance range during tunneling of each rock stratum with the initially determined rock strata, it is found that water inrush disasters are prone to occur when tunneling in coarse-grained sandstone strata. Moreover, the geological strength of coarse-grained sandstone coal seams is not as good as that of L8 limestone. Compared with L8 limestone, coarse-grained sandstone is not conducive to gas extraction. Based on comprehensive comparison, L8 limestone should be selected as the tunneling stratum.

[0034] S8: Surrounding rock strength stress is monitored during excavation: By equipping the TBM with a microseismic monitoring system and borehole stress gauge, the stress changes and fracture development of the rock mass ahead are monitored in real time during excavation in the L8 limestone. The stress state of the surrounding rock during excavation always meets the surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.5. S9: Comprehensive Evaluation of the Excavation Stratum: No unstable rock stress zones were encountered during excavation in the L8 limestone, ensuring the safe progress of the excavation. Figure 3 As shown.

[0035] Example 3 This invention also provides a system for determining the stratum for TBM tunneling in coal seam bottom drainage tunnels in high-confined aquifers. The system is used to implement the method described in Embodiment 1. The system includes: a geological and hydrogeological feature investigation module, a mining technology condition investigation module, a coal seam floor failure zone depth calculation module, a high-confined aquifer guide zone height calculation module, a preliminary TBM tunneling stratum determination module, a TBM tunneling disturbance range calculation module, a secondary TBM tunneling stratum determination module, a surrounding rock strength stress exploration module, and a tunneling stratum rationality evaluation module. The geological and hydrogeological feature survey module is used to obtain the stratigraphic and hydrogeological features of the mine. The mining technology conditions investigation module is used to obtain the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle based on the stratigraphic and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine. The coal seam floor failure zone depth calculation module is used to calculate the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone based on the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle. The module for calculating the height of the riser zone in a high-confined aquifer is used to calculate the height of the riser zone in a high-confined aquifer based on the confined water pressure, the thickness of the impermeable layer, and the permeability coefficient of the bottom plate. The TBM tunneling stratum preliminary determination module is used to preliminarily determine the tunneling stratum by using the stratigraphic condition columnar diagram and the calculated depth of the coal seam floor failure zone and the height of the high-confined aquifer conduction zone. The TBM tunneling disturbance range calculation module is used to analyze the relationship between TBM tunneling parameters and geological conditions by testing the uniaxial compressive strength R of the rock, fitting the relationship between geological strength and tunneling specific energy, and finally obtaining the TBM tunneling disturbance range H. 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed; The TBM tunneling stratum secondary determination module is used to determine the final tunneling stratum by combining the disturbance range during tunneling at each stratum with the initially determined stratum and relating it with the geological strength of each stratum. The surrounding rock strength and stress detection module is used to monitor the stress changes and fracture development of the rock mass ahead in real time as the TBM is excavated by equipping the TBM with a microseismic monitoring system and borehole stress gauge. It can detect the degree of rock fracture and stress concentration areas. The surrounding rock stress state in the safe tunneling layer of the TBM should meet the requirement that the surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.5. The tunneling stratum rationality evaluation module is used to determine the final tunneling stratum. When the surrounding rock stress encountered during tunneling does not meet the surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.5, surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and advanced support methods are adopted to ensure the safe progress of tunneling.

[0036] In this embodiment, the geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine include: the lithology, strength, thickness, integrity, and pressure of the confined water in the bottom plate of different strata.

[0037] In this embodiment, the process of calculating the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone based on the working face height, working face dip length, and coal seam dip angle includes: D=0.0085h+0.1665α+0.1079L-4.3579; In the formula, D is the depth of the failure zone of the coal seam floor; h is the working face mining height; α is the working face dip angle; and L is the working face mining width.

[0038] In this embodiment, the process of calculating the riser height of a high-confined aquifer based on the confined water pressure, the thickness of the impermeable layer, and the permeability coefficient of the base plate includes: H 导 =aH+bP+cKv+d; In the formula, H 导 H is the height of the guide zone; P is the thickness of the aquitard layer; Kv is the permeability coefficient of the base plate; a is the aquitard inhibition coefficient; b is the water pressure driving coefficient; c is the rock mass permeability gain coefficient; and d is the water-rock synergistic enhancement factor.

[0039] In this embodiment, the TBM tunneling disturbance range H 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength, and tunneling speed is as follows: H 扰 =EXP(mR-nG-pV+q); In the formula, H 扰 denoted as TBM tunneling disturbance range; R as uniaxial compressive strength of rock; G as geological strength; V as tunneling speed; m as rock strength sensitivity coefficient; n as geological integrity attenuation coefficient; p as tunneling speed disturbance coefficient; and q as disturbance range scale factor.

[0040] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the TBM tunneling horizon of a coal seam floor drainage roadway on a high-pressure aquifer, characterized in that, The method comprises: obtaining stratum characteristics and hydrogeological characteristics of a mine; based on the stratum characteristics and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine, obtaining a working face mining height, a working face tendency length and a coal seam inclination of a coal seam to be mined; based on the working face mining height, the working face tendency length and the coal seam inclination of the coal seam to be mined, calculating a coal seam floor failure zone depth; based on the aquifer confined water pressure, the aquiclude thickness and the floor permeability coefficient, calculating a high confined aquifer guide uplift zone height; determining a tunneling stratum position preliminarily by the stratum condition column chart and the calculated coal seam floor failure zone depth and high confined aquifer guide uplift zone height; Through the test of rock uniaxial compressive strength R, the relationship between TBM tunneling parameters and geological conditions is analyzed, the relationship between geological strength and tunneling specific energy is fitted, and finally the TBM tunneling disturbance range H is obtained 扰 The relationship between rock uniaxial compressive strength, geological strength and tunneling speed; determining a final tunneling stratum position by combining the disturbance range of each stratum position during tunneling with the preliminarily determined stratum position and in connection with the geological strength of each stratum; by determining the final tunneling stratum position, when the surrounding rock stress of the front during tunneling does not satisfy the surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.5, using surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and advanced support to ensure safe tunneling. The stratum characteristics and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine include: different stratum position rock lithology, strength, thickness, integrity, floor confined water pressure.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method for calculating the coal seam floor failure zone depth based on the working face mining height, the working face tendency length and the coal seam inclination of the coal seam to be mined comprises:

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, D=0.0085h+0.1665α+0.1079L-4.3579; wherein D is the coal seam floor failure zone depth, h is the working face mining height, α is the working face inclination and L is the working face mining width. The method for calculating the high confined aquifer guide uplift zone height based on the aquifer confined water pressure, the aquiclude thickness and the floor permeability coefficient comprises:

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The system comprises: a geological and hydrogeological characteristic investigation module, a mining technical condition investigation module, a coal seam floor failure zone depth calculation module, a high confined aquifer guide uplift zone height calculation module, a TBM tunneling stratum preliminary determination module, a TBM tunneling disturbance range calculation module, a TBM tunneling stratum secondary determination module, a surrounding rock strength stress real-time detection module and a tunneling stratum rationality evaluation module. H 导 =aH+bP+cKv+d; In the formula, H 导 H is the height of the overburden; H is the thickness of the water-resisting layer; P is the water pressure; Kv is the permeability coefficient of the floor; a is the water-resisting layer inhibition coefficient; b is the water pressure driving coefficient; c is the rock permeability gain coefficient; and d is the water-rock synergistic strengthening factor.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, TBM tunneling disturbance range H 扰 The relationship between the uniaxial compressive strength of rock, geological strength, and tunneling speed is: H 扰 = EXP (mR - nG - pV + q); In the formula, H 扰 is the TBM tunneling disturbance range; R is the uniaxial compressive strength of rock; G is the geological strength; V is the tunneling speed, m is the rock strength sensitivity coefficient, n is the geological integrity attenuation coefficient, p is the tunneling speed disturbance coefficient, and q is the disturbance range scale factor.

6. A system for determining the TBM driving horizon of a coal seam floor drainage roadway in a high-pressure aquifer, the system being used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The geological and hydrogeological characteristic investigation module is used to obtain stratum characteristics and hydrogeological characteristics of a mine. The mining technical condition investigation module is used to obtain a working face mining height, a working face tendency length and a coal seam inclination of a coal seam to be mined based on the stratum characteristics and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine. The coal seam floor failure zone depth calculation module is used to calculate a coal seam floor failure zone depth based on the working face mining height, the working face tendency length and the coal seam inclination of the coal seam to be mined. The high confined aquifer guide uplift zone height calculation module is used to calculate a high confined aquifer guide uplift zone height based on the aquifer confined water pressure, the aquiclude thickness and the floor permeability coefficient. The TBM tunneling stratum preliminary determination module is used to determine a tunneling stratum position preliminarily by a stratum condition column chart and the calculated coal seam floor failure zone depth and high confined aquifer guide uplift zone height. The TBM tunneling layer position preliminary determination module is configured to preliminarily determine the tunneling layer position by the stratum condition column chart and the calculated coal seam floor failure zone depth and high-pressure aquifer guide uplift zone height. The TBM tunneling disturbance range calculation module is configured to test rock uniaxial compressive strength R, analyze the relationship between TBM tunneling parameters and geological conditions, fit the relationship between geological strength and tunneling specific energy, and finally obtain TBM tunneling disturbance range H 扰 The relationship between the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock, the geological strength, and the tunneling speed; The TBM tunneling layer position secondary determination module is configured to determine the final tunneling layer position by combining the disturbance range of each rock layer position during tunneling with the preliminarily determined rock layer position and in connection with the geological strength of each stratum. The surrounding rock strength stress real-time monitoring module is configured to monitor the stress change and fracture development of the rock mass in front of the TBM in real time during tunneling by using the microseismic monitoring system and the borehole stress meter carried by the TBM, detect the surrounding rock failure degree and stress concentration area, and ensure that the stress state of the surrounding rock in the TBM safe tunneling layer position meets the surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.

5. The tunneling layer position rationality evaluation module is configured to ensure the safety of tunneling by using the surrounding rock grouting reinforcement and the advanced support method when the surrounding rock stress in front of the TBM during tunneling does not meet the surrounding rock strength stress ratio S≥1.5 after the final tunneling layer position is determined.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein, The stratum characteristics and hydrogeological characteristics of the mine include: different layer rock properties, strength, thickness, integrity, floor confined water pressure.

8. The system of claim 6, wherein, Based on the working face mining height, working face length, and coal seam inclination, the process of calculating the coal seam floor failure zone depth includes: D=0.0085h+0.1665α+0.1079L-4.3579; In the formula, D is the depth of the coal seam floor failure zone, h is the working face mining height, α is the working face inclination, and L is the working face mining width.

9. The system of claim 6, wherein, Based on the aquifer confined water pressure, aquifuge thickness, and floor permeability coefficient, the process of calculating the high-pressure aquifer guide uplift zone height includes: H 导 = aH + bP + cKv + d; In the formula, H 导 H is the height of the overburden; H is the thickness of the water-resisting layer; P is the water pressure; Kv is the permeability coefficient of the floor; a is the water-resisting layer inhibition coefficient; b is the water pressure driving coefficient; c is the rock permeability gain coefficient; and d is the water-rock synergistic strengthening factor.

10. The system of claim 6, wherein, TBM tunneling disturbance range H 扰 The relationship between the uniaxial compressive strength of rock, geological strength, and tunneling speed is: H 扰 = EXP (mR - nG - pV + q); In the formula, H 扰 is the TBM tunneling disturbance range; R is the uniaxial compressive strength of rock; G is the geological strength; V is the tunneling speed, m is the rock strength sensitivity coefficient, n is the geological integrity attenuation coefficient, p is the tunneling speed disturbance coefficient, and q is the disturbance range scale factor.

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