A cutter head test system and method for a cutter suction dredger

Abstract

The application discloses a cutter head test system and method for a cutter suction dredger, and belongs to the technical field of dredgers. The cutter head test system for the cutter suction dredger comprises a cutter body, a cutter head structure is arranged in the cutter body, and further comprises a breaking mechanism, a support is arranged between the breaking mechanism and the cutter body, the breaking mechanism comprises a breaking blade, a displacement assembly for driving the breaking blade to displace, a lifting assembly arranged on the displacement assembly and used for driving the breaking blade to lift and fall, and a driving part arranged on the support and used for driving the displacement assembly to work, wherein a positioning part is arranged on the support and used for limiting the activity range of the lifting assembly; the driving part drives the displacement assembly to act, the displacement assembly cooperates with the lifting assembly to drive the breaking blade to break the test soil which is about to be cut by the cutter head structure, the cutting resistance of the test soil on the advancing path to the cutter head is reduced, the dredging effect of the cutter head is improved, the cutter head is prevented from being damaged, and the test cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dredging technology, and in particular to a test system and method for the cutterhead of a trailing suction dredger. Background Technology

[0002] Trailing suction hopper dredgers are the most widely used type of vessel in dredging engineering. The traditional scraper head is their primary equipment for underwater excavation of mud, sand, and gravel. A traditional scraper head consists of a row of scraper teeth mounted under the scraper body. During operation, the teeth embed themselves into the mud under the scraper head's own weight and the pressure of spring supports, and are then pulled and broken up by the scraper arm. To improve the efficiency of the scraper head, the traditional scraper head dredging method has been improved by proposing a rotary scraper head design. This design mounts the scraper teeth on a roller, causing them to rotate and translate during dredging, increasing the cutting force of the teeth on the mud.

[0003] Currently, the cutterhead has several drawbacks in actual trailing suction hopper dredger operations, including mismatched dredging power, uneven dredging surfaces, and even difficulty in use in certain working conditions. This is because there is no experimental capability to calibrate the construction parameters of the cutterhead for trailing suction hopper dredgers, and a test system for calibrating the construction parameters of the cutterhead has not been developed. In other words, it is impossible to determine an efficient cutterhead rotation speed based on the properties of the working soil and the travel speed of the trailing suction hopper dredger.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN201910294744.1 discloses a test system for a cutterhead dredger, including a support frame, rake teeth, rake tooth rollers, torque and angle sensors, roller couplings, motor couplings, hydraulic motors, swing frames, rotary joints, gantry cranes, rake arms, high-pressure water pumps, data acquisition cards, and processing terminals. It studies the relationship between the rolling speed, lateral speed, power, and angle of the cutter head under different working conditions through multi-parameter measurements, summarizing the patterns and providing a reference for researching efficient cutterhead dredging devices. However, during actual dredging operations, when the cutter teeth encounter hard soil during rotation, the high resistance and easy damage to the rotating teeth increase testing costs and prevent further improvement of the dredging capacity of the dredger. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to propose a test system and method for the cutterhead of a trailing suction dredger.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A test system for a trailing suction dredger's rotary cutter head includes a rake body, wherein a rotary cutter head structure is disposed within the rake body, and further includes:

[0008] A rupture mechanism is provided between the rupture mechanism and the rake body. The rupture mechanism includes a rupture blade, a displacement component for driving the displacement of the rupture blade, a lifting component provided on the displacement component for driving the rupture blade to rise and fall, and a drive unit provided on the support for driving the displacement component to work.

[0009] The bracket is equipped with a positioning part to limit the range of motion of the lifting assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the displacement assembly includes a slider slidably connected to a bracket, the bracket having a groove for sliding the slider, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the slider, a sleeve slidably connected to the outside of the rotating rod, a guide strip fixed to the outside of the rotating rod, and a guide groove for sliding the guide strip having a groove on the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes several connecting plates equidistantly sleeved on the outside of the sleeve, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate, a collar is fixedly mounted on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a connecting block is fixedly mounted on the collar, and the end of the connecting block away from the collar is fixedly connected to the rupture blade.

[0012] Preferably, the rupture blade includes a main blade body fixedly connected to the connecting block and a movable blade body rotatably connected to the main blade body. Both the main blade body and the movable blade body are provided with ear plates. A second elastic telescopic rod is provided between the two ear plates. A wedge block is slidably connected inside the main blade body and the movable blade body. A force-bearing plate is provided on the top of the wedge block. A third elastic telescopic rod is movably provided between the force-bearing plate and the main blade body, and between the force-bearing plate and the movable blade body. A protrusion is provided on the sleeve that movably abuts against the force-bearing plate.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning part includes a positioning frame fixedly connected to the bracket, a positioning ring is fixedly provided on the positioning frame, and a plurality of first elastic telescopic rods are evenly arranged on the inner sidewall of the positioning ring in a circular shape. The end of the first elastic telescopic rod away from the positioning ring is movably connected to a movable ring, and the movable ring is slidably connected to the plunger rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the drive unit includes a housing fixed on a bracket, a drive motor fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a first bevel gear connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, a telescopic member rotatably connected to the side wall of the housing, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear at one end of the telescopic member, an eccentric shaft at the end of the telescopic member away from the second bevel gear, a connecting ring sleeved on the eccentric shaft, a connecting rod fixed on the connecting ring, a side plate movably connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting ring, and the side plate rotatably connected to the sleeve via a bearing.

[0015] Preferably, the drive unit includes a first link fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, a second link movably connected to the first link, and the end of the second link away from the first link movably connected to a rotating rod.

[0016] Preferably, the drive unit further includes a connecting shell rotatably connected to the rotating rod, a fourth bevel gear fixedly connected to the rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the connecting shell, a third bevel gear meshing with the fourth bevel gear is also rotatably connected inside the connecting shell, a rotating rod is provided between the third bevel gear and the eccentric shaft, and the rotating rod and the central axis of the telescopic member are on the same straight line.

[0017] Preferably, the test water tank also includes a test water tank with soil laid at the bottom, and a gantry is slidably connected to the upper side of the test water tank. The gantry is connected to the rake body through a rake arm.

[0018] This invention also discloses a test method for the cutterhead of a trailing suction hopper dredger, which involves conducting tests using a test system for the cutterhead of a trailing suction hopper dredger, and includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Adjust the position of the gantry crane and the rake arm so that the rupture mechanism is placed on the upper side of the test soil and the roller rake head in the rake body is placed inside the test soil.

[0020] S2: Based on the test soil conditions, set the gantry crane driving speed and the rotary cutter head rotation speed. The gantry crane drives the rotary cutter head structure forward to cut the test soil. Record the various data in the test and calculate the cutting power and soil excavation volume of the rotary cutter head.

[0021] S3: The test soil was then leveled. While controlling the operation of the cutter head structure, the rupture mechanism was also controlled to drive the displacement component. The displacement component, in conjunction with the lifting component, drove the rupture blade to rupture the test soil that the cutter head structure was about to cut, thereby reducing the cutting resistance of the cutter head on the test soil in the forward path. All data in the test were recorded again, and the cutting power and soil excavation volume of the cutter head were calculated.

[0022] S4: Then adjust the operating power of the cutter head structure and the rupture mechanism, as well as the gantry speed, and continue to conduct multiple sets of tests, recording the amount of soil excavated under different combinations to obtain the optimal working parameters of the cutter head system.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a test system and method for the cutterhead of a trailing suction hopper dredger, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The test system and method for the cutterhead of the trailing suction dredger uses a drive unit to drive a displacement component. The displacement component, in conjunction with a lifting component, drives the fracturing blade to break the test soil that the cutterhead structure is about to cut. This reduces the cutting resistance of the cutterhead on the test soil along its forward path, thereby improving the dredging effect of the cutterhead, avoiding damage to the cutterhead, and reducing test costs.

[0025] 2. The test system and method of the cutterhead of the trailing suction dredger uses a lifting component to move the rupture blade downward to break up hard soil blocks such as rocks in the test soil. The displacement component then moves the pierced soil blocks or rocks through the rupture blade, causing the test soil to shake and reducing the stability of the test soil structure, thereby improving the subsequent dredging effect of the cutterhead.

[0026] 3. The test system and method for the cutterhead of the trailing suction dredger, when the displacement component is working, drives the protrusion to rotate, so that the protrusion squeezes the force plate above the rupture blade, and the force plate drives the wedge block to push the main blade and the movable blade, so that the main blade and the movable blade separate from each other, expands the rupture area of ​​the rupture blade on the soil or rock, further reduces the stability of the test water and soil structure, and effectively improves the subsequent dredging effect of the cutterhead. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting head test system for a trailing suction hopper dredger of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting head test system for a trailing suction hopper dredger of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rupture mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section C in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive unit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating rod and sleeve of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fracture blade structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting head test system for a trailing suction hopper dredger of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Rake body; 101. Support; 1011. Slide groove; 2. Roller rake head structure; 3. Rending blade; 301. Main blade body; 302. Movable blade body; 303. Ear plate; 304. Second elastic telescopic rod; 4. Positioning part; 5. Slider; 501. Rotating rod; 5011. Guide bar; 502. Sleeve; 5021. Guide groove; 6. Connecting plate; 601. Hydraulic cylinder; 602. Piston rod; 603. Collar; 604. Connecting block; 7. Positioning frame; 701. Positioning ring; 702. First elastic telescopic rod; 7 03. Movable ring; 8. Housing; 801. Drive motor; 802. First bevel gear; 9. Telescopic component; 901. Second bevel gear; 10. Eccentric shaft; 1001. Connecting ring; 1002. Connecting rod; 11. Side plate; 12. Rotating rod; 121. Third bevel gear; 13. Connecting shell; 131. Fourth bevel gear; 14. First connecting rod; 141. Second connecting rod; 15. Wedge block; 151. Force plate; 152. Third elastic telescopic rod; 16. Protrusion; 17. Test water tank; 171. Gantry; 172. Rake arm. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A test system for a trailing suction dredger's cutterhead includes a rake body 1, a cutterhead structure 2 installed inside the rake body 1, and further includes:

[0043] The rupture mechanism is provided with a support 101 between the rupture mechanism and the rake body 1. The rupture mechanism includes a rupture blade 3, a displacement component for driving the displacement of the rupture blade 3, a lifting component provided on the displacement component for driving the rupture blade 3 to rise and fall, and a drive unit provided on the support 101 for driving the displacement component to work.

[0044] The bracket 101 is provided with a positioning part 4, which is used to limit the range of motion of the lifting component.

[0045] Specifically, the rotary rake head structure 2 inside the rake body 1 cuts the soil layer as it moves forward. By controlling the operation of the rupture mechanism, the drive unit drives the displacement component to move. The displacement component, together with the lifting component, drives the rupture blade 3 to rupture the test soil that the rotary rake head structure 2 is about to cut, thereby reducing the cutting resistance of the rotary rake head on the test soil in the forward path, thus improving the dredging effect of the rotary rake head, avoiding damage to the rake head, and reducing the test cost.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the displacement component further includes a slider 5 slidably connected to the bracket 101. The bracket 101 is provided with a groove 1011 for sliding the slider 5. A rotating rod 501 is rotatably connected to the slider 5. A sleeve 502 is slidably connected to the outside of the rotating rod 501. A guide strip 5011 is fixedly provided on the outside of the rotating rod 501. A guide groove 5021 for sliding the guide strip 5011 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 502.

[0047] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes several connecting plates 6 equidistantly sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 502. A hydraulic cylinder 601 is fixed on the connecting plate 6. A collar 603 is fixed on the piston rod 602 of the hydraulic cylinder 601. A connecting block 604 is fixed on the collar 603. The end of the connecting block 604 away from the collar 603 is fixedly connected to the rupture blade 3.

[0048] Furthermore, the positioning part 4 includes a positioning frame 7 fixedly connected to the bracket 101. A positioning ring 701 is fixedly provided on the positioning frame 7. A plurality of first elastic telescopic rods 702 are evenly arranged on the inner side wall of the positioning ring 701. A movable ring 703 is movably connected to one end of the first elastic telescopic rod 702 away from the positioning ring 701. The movable ring 703 is slidably connected to the plunger rod 602 of the hydraulic cylinder 601.

[0049] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a housing 8 fixed on the bracket 101. A drive motor 801 is fixed on the inner wall of the housing 8. The output shaft of the drive motor 801 is connected to a first bevel gear 802. A telescopic member 9 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the housing 8. One end of the telescopic member 9 is provided with a second bevel gear 901 that meshes with the first bevel gear 802. An eccentric shaft 10 is provided at the end of the telescopic member 9 away from the second bevel gear 901. A connecting ring 1001 is sleeved on the eccentric shaft 10. A connecting rod 1002 is fixed on the connecting ring 1001. A side plate 11 is movably connected to the end of the connecting rod 1002 away from the connecting ring 1001. The side plate 11 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 502 through a bearing.

[0050] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a first link 14 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 801, a second link 141 movably connected to the first link 14, and the end of the second link 141 away from the first link 14 movably connected to the rotating rod 501.

[0051] Furthermore, the drive unit also includes a connecting shell 13 rotatably connected to the rotating rod 501. A fourth bevel gear 131 fixed to the rotating rod 501 is rotatably connected inside the connecting shell 13. A third bevel gear 121 meshing with the fourth bevel gear 131 is also rotatably connected inside the connecting shell 13. A rotating rod 12 is provided between the third bevel gear 121 and the eccentric shaft 10. The rotating rod 12 and the central axis of the telescopic member 9 are on the same straight line.

[0052] Specifically, when the drive unit is working, it controls the drive motor 801 to run. The output shaft of the drive motor 801 drives the first connecting rod 14 to rotate. The first connecting rod 14 drives the second connecting rod 141 to move, so that the second connecting rod 141 drives the rotating rod 501 to move back and forth through the slider 5. When the rotating rod 501 moves, it drives the lifting assembly and the rupture blade 3 to move back and forth through the sleeve 502.

[0053] When the output shaft of the drive motor 801 rotates, the first bevel gear 802 meshes with the second bevel gear 901 of the telescopic member 9, causing the telescopic member 9 to drive the eccentric shaft 10 to rotate. When the eccentric shaft 10 rotates, it drives the connecting ring 1001 to rotate. The connecting ring 1001 drives the side plate 11 to move back and forth left and right through the connecting rod 1002, thereby causing the sleeve 502 to drive the lifting assembly and the rupture blade 3 to move left and right relative to the rotating rod 501.

[0054] By controlling the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 601, the plunger rod 602 of the hydraulic cylinder 601 moves downward and drives the rupture blade 3 downward through the collar 603 and the connecting block 604. The positioning frame 7 of the positioning part 4 limits the position of the plunger rod 602 within a certain range, so that the rupture blade 3 moves downward and penetrates into the soil layer to break and cut the hard soil or rocks in the soil layer. As the drive part drives the displacement component to move, the displacement component drives the rupture blade that penetrates into the soil layer to swing back and forth and left and right. When the rupture blade 3 swings, it squeezes the collar 603 through the connecting block 604, causing the first elastic telescopic rod 702 to automatically deform to match the swing amplitude of the rupture blade 3. The swing of the rupture blade 3 causes the test soil to shake, reducing the stability of the test soil structure, thereby reducing the cutting resistance of the cutter head on the test soil in the forward path and improving the subsequent dredging effect of the cutter head.

[0055] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the rupture blade 3 further includes a main blade body 301 fixedly connected to the connecting block 604 and a movable blade body 302 rotatably connected to the main blade body 301. Both the main blade body 301 and the movable blade body 302 are provided with ear plates 303. A second elastic telescopic rod 304 is provided between the two ear plates 303. A wedge block 15 is slidably connected inside the main blade body 301 and the movable blade body 302. A force plate 151 is provided on the top of the wedge block 15. A third elastic telescopic rod 152 is movably provided between the force plate 151 and the main blade body 301 and between the force plate 151 and the movable blade body 302 through pins. A protrusion 16 is provided on the sleeve 502 that movably abuts against the force plate 151.

[0056] Specifically, after the rupture blade 3 penetrates deep into the test soil layer, when the sleeve 502 rotates with the rotating rod 501, the soil clods on the sleeve 502 press down against the force plate 151, causing the force plate 151 to drive the wedge block 15 to press down on the inclined surfaces of the main blade body 301 and the movable blade body 302. The second elastic telescopic rod 304 is stretched, and the third elastic telescopic rod 152 is pressed down. The main blade body 301 and the movable blade body 302 separate from each other, expanding the rupture area of ​​the rupture blade 3 on the soil clods or rocks, further reducing the stability of the test soil and water structure, and effectively improving the subsequent dredging effect of the rotary cutter head.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 11 As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, it further includes a test water tank 17 with soil laid at the bottom, and a gantry 171 is slidably connected to the upper side of the test water tank 17. The gantry 171 is connected to the rake body 1 through the rake arm 172.

[0058] Specifically, the gantry crane 171 is connected to the rake body 1 via the rake arm 172, which causes the gantry crane 171 to drive the rotary rake head structure 2 to move, in order to simulate the sailing speed of the rotary rake head when dredging in the waterway.

[0059] This invention also discloses a test method for the cutterhead of a trailing suction hopper dredger, which involves conducting tests using a test system for the cutterhead of a trailing suction hopper dredger, and includes the following steps:

[0060] S1: Adjust the position of the gantry crane 171 and the rake arm 172 so that the rupture mechanism is placed on the upper side of the test soil and the roller rake head in the rake body 1 is placed in the test soil.

[0061] S2: Based on the test soil conditions, set the driving speed of the gantry crane 171 and the rotation speed of the cutter head. The gantry crane 171 drives the cutter head structure 2 forward to cut the test soil, and record various data in the test to calculate the cutting power and soil excavation volume of the cutter head.

[0062] S3: The test soil is then leveled. While controlling the operation of the rotary rake head structure 2, the rupture mechanism is simultaneously controlled to drive the displacement component. The displacement component, in conjunction with the lifting component, drives the rupture blade 3 to rupture the test soil that the rotary rake head structure 2 is about to cut, thereby reducing the cutting resistance of the rotary rake head on the test soil in the forward path. All data in the test are recorded again, and the cutting power and soil excavation volume of the rotary rake head are calculated.

[0063] S4: Then adjust the operating power of the rotary rake head structure 2 and the rupture mechanism, as well as the speed of the gantry crane 171, and continue to conduct multiple sets of tests, recording the amount of excavation of the test soil under different combinations, to obtain the optimal working parameters of the rotary rake head system.

[0064] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test system for a roller cutter head of a trailing suction dredger, comprising a rake body (1), wherein a roller cutter head structure (2) is provided inside the rake body (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A rupture mechanism is provided between the rupture mechanism and the rake body (1) and a support (101). The rupture mechanism includes a rupture blade (3), a displacement assembly for driving the displacement of the rupture blade (3), a lifting assembly provided on the displacement assembly for driving the rupture blade (3) to rise and fall, and a drive unit provided on the support (101) for driving the displacement assembly to work. The bracket (101) is provided with a positioning part (4) to limit the range of motion of the lifting assembly; The displacement assembly includes a slider (5) slidably connected to a bracket (101). The bracket (101) has a groove (1011) for sliding of the slider (5). A rotating rod (501) is rotatably connected to the slider (5). A sleeve (502) is slidably connected to the outside of the rotating rod (501). A guide strip (5011) is fixed to the outside of the rotating rod (501). A guide groove (5021) for sliding of the guide strip (5011) is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (502). The lifting assembly includes several connecting plates (6) equidistantly sleeved on the outside of the sleeve (502). A hydraulic cylinder (601) is fixed on the connecting plate (6). A collar (603) is fixed on the piston rod (602) of the hydraulic cylinder (601). A connecting block (604) is fixed on the collar (603). One end of the connecting block (604) away from the collar (603) is fixedly connected to the rupture blade (3). The rupture blade (3) includes a main blade body (301) fixedly connected to the connecting block (604) and a movable blade body (302) rotatably connected to the main blade body (301). Both the main blade body (301) and the movable blade body (302) are provided with ear plates (303). A second elastic telescopic rod (304) is provided between the two ear plates (303). A wedge block (15) is slidably connected inside the main blade body (301) and the movable blade body (302). A force plate (151) is provided on the top of the wedge block (15). A third elastic telescopic rod (152) is movably provided between the force plate (151) and the main blade body (301) and between the force plate (151) and the movable blade body (302). A protrusion (16) is provided on the sleeve (502) that movably abuts against the force plate (151). The positioning part (4) includes a positioning frame (7) fixedly connected to the bracket (101). A positioning ring (701) is fixedly provided on the positioning frame (7). A plurality of first elastic telescopic rods (702) are evenly arranged on the inner side wall of the positioning ring (701). A movable ring (703) is movably connected to one end of the first elastic telescopic rod (702) away from the positioning ring (701). The movable ring (703) is slidably connected to the plunger rod (602) of the hydraulic cylinder (601). The drive unit includes a housing (8) fixed on a bracket (101). A drive motor (801) is fixed on the inner wall of the housing (8). The output shaft of the drive motor (801) is connected to a first bevel gear (802). A telescopic member (9) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the housing (8). A second bevel gear (901) meshing with the first bevel gear (802) is provided at one end of the telescopic member (9). An eccentric shaft (10) is provided at the end of the telescopic member (9) away from the second bevel gear (901). A connecting ring (1001) is sleeved on the eccentric shaft (10). A connecting rod (1002) is fixed on the connecting ring (1001). A side plate (11) is movably connected to the end of the connecting rod (1002) away from the connecting ring (1001). The side plate (11) is rotatably connected to the sleeve (502) through a bearing. The drive unit includes a first link (14) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (801), a second link (141) movably connected to the first link (14), and the end of the second link (141) away from the first link (14) movably connected to the rotating rod (501). The drive unit also includes a connecting shell (13) rotatably connected to the rotating rod (501). A fourth bevel gear (131) fixed to the rotating rod (501) is rotatably connected inside the connecting shell (13). A third bevel gear (121) meshing with the fourth bevel gear (131) is also rotatably connected inside the connecting shell (13). A rotating rod (12) is provided between the third bevel gear (121) and the eccentric shaft (10). The rotating rod (12) and the central axis of the telescopic member (9) are on the same straight line.

2. The test system for the cutterhead of a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a test water tank (17) with soil laid at the bottom, and a gantry (171) is slidably connected to the upper side of the test water tank (17). The gantry (171) is connected to the rake body (1) through the rake arm (172).

3. A method for testing the cutterhead of a trailing suction hopper dredger, wherein the test is conducted using the cuttingterhead testing system for a trailing suction hopper dredger as described in claim 2, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Adjust the position of the gantry (171) and the rake arm (172) so that the rupture mechanism is placed on the upper side of the test soil and the roller rake head in the rake body (1) is placed in the test soil; S2: Based on the test soil, set the driving speed of the gantry (171) and the rotation speed of the cutter head. The gantry (171) drives the cutter head structure (2) forward to cut the test soil. Record the various data in the test and calculate the cutting power and soil excavation volume of the cutter head. S3: Then the test soil is leveled, and the operation of the roller rake head structure (2) is controlled. At the same time, the operation of the rupture mechanism is controlled so that the drive unit drives the displacement component to move. The displacement component, together with the lifting component, drives the rupture blade (3) to rupture the test soil that the roller rake head structure (2) is about to cut, thereby reducing the cutting resistance of the roller rake head on the test soil on the forward path. The various data in the test are recorded again, and the cutting power and soil excavation volume of the roller rake head are calculated. S4: Then adjust the operating power of the cutter head structure (2) and the rupture mechanism, and the speed of the gantry (171), and continue to conduct multiple sets of tests, record the amount of soil excavated under different combinations, and obtain the optimal working parameters of the cutter head system.

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