Olefin double-bond superconducting material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of superconducting battery materials, and particularly relates to an olefin double-bond superconducting material and a preparation method and application thereof. The olefin double-bond superconducting material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5 to 15 percent of polyol, 20 to 35 percent of beta-SiC, 20 to 35 percent of alpha-SiC, 10 to 20 percent of tetramethylsilane, 2 to 5 percent of polydimethylsiloxane and 10 to 25 percent of tetraethoxysilane. The olefin double-bond superconducting material has extremely high carrier conductivity density and mobility, extremely low resistivity and excellent conductivity, and when the olefin double-bond superconducting material is applied to a rechargeable battery, the sectional area of a battery conductive path is widened, the current density is reduced accordingly, the charge attraction capacity of an electrode material is improved accordingly, and the dynamic internal resistance limit is close to zero; the working temperature of the battery is effectively reduced, and the charging-discharging conversion rate and cycle life of the battery are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of superconducting battery materials technology, specifically relating to an olefin double bond superconducting material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Existing batteries inevitably generate heat during charging and discharging, including internal resistance heating and electrochemical reaction heat. Internal resistance heating is mainly due to the resistance inside the battery, including the ohmic internal resistance of electrode materials, electrolyte, and separator, as well as the polarization internal resistance during the electrochemical reaction process. Electrochemical reaction heat is due to the chemical reaction that occurs when lithium ions are inserted and extracted between the positive and negative electrodes during charging and discharging, and this process itself absorbs or releases heat.

[0003] Because of the limited space within the battery, the cross-sectional area of ​​the charge transport path is also limited. If the current is too large, the current density per unit area increases, thus increasing the concentration polarization resistance. According to Joule's law (Q=I... 2 The larger the current (I), the greater the internal resistance (R), and the more heat (Q) is generated per unit time. Therefore, it is of great significance to study an olefin double-bonded superconducting material that can be applied to rechargeable batteries and reduce the battery's operating temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing methods, this invention provides an olefin double-bonded superconducting material, its preparation method, and its applications.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An olefin double bond superconducting material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 5-15% polyol, 20-35% β-SiC, 20-35% α-SiC, 10-20% tetramethylsilane, 2-5% polydimethylsiloxane, and 10-25% tetraethyl orthosilicate.

[0006] Preferably, the polyol is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: primary alcohol 20%-40%, secondary alcohol 20%-40%, and tertiary alcohol 30%-50%.

[0007] Preferably, the primary alcohol is one or more of ethanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol; the secondary alcohol is one or more of isopropanol, sec-butanol, cyclohexanol, and 2-octanol; and the tertiary alcohol is one or more of tert-butanol, tert-amyl alcohol, and 2-methyl-2-pentanol.

[0008] A method for preparing an olefin double-bond superconducting material includes the following steps: S1. Various polyols are placed in a closed reaction vessel and mixed under the protection of an inert gas to obtain a mixed alcohol. S2. Add β-SiC, α-SiC, tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate to a closed reactor and mix them under inert gas protection to obtain a carbon-silicon mixture. S3. Mix the mixed alcohol obtained in step S1 and the carbon silicon compound obtained in step S2 evenly to obtain a mixture, add ethanol, and granulate to obtain the final product.

[0009] Preferably, the mixing conditions in step S1 are: temperature 35-45℃, stirring speed 1200-2000r / min, and time 1-3h.

[0010] Preferably, the mixing conditions in step S2 are: temperature 25-35℃, stirring speed 100-250r / min, and time 1-3h.

[0011] Preferably, the ethanol in step S3 accounts for 20-40% of the weight of the mixture.

[0012] Application of the above-mentioned olefin double bond superconducting material in the positive and negative electrode materials / electrolytes of rechargeable batteries.

[0013] Preferably, the application of the olefin double bond superconducting material in the positive and negative electrode materials of rechargeable batteries is wherein the positive and negative electrode materials of rechargeable batteries are made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 80-85% active component, 2-5% conductive agent, 2-5% binder, 0-10% solvent, and 2-10% olefin double bond superconducting material.

[0014] Preferably, the active component is hard carbon; the conductive agent is one or more of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene; the binder is one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, and polyvinylidene fluoride; and the solvent is deionized water.

[0015] The positive and beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, as polyols, have different hydroxyl group arrangements and functional groups, resulting in different activities after cleavage reactions. When they undergo dehydration polymerization with hydrogen-bonded compounds such as tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate, they form an irregular honeycomb three-dimensional structure. This honeycomb structure exists and penetrates the battery active material, forming a stable semiconductor conductive path. β-SiC and α-SiC possess high electron mobility and extremely high breakdown voltage, promoting electron transfer. The olefin double-bond superconducting material of this invention has extremely high carrier conductivity and mobility, extremely low resistivity, and excellent electrical conductivity.

[0016] 2. When the external voltage of the battery changes due to the start of the load, silicon and carbon elements begin to move electrons through hole potential transfer. At the same time, based on the peak-valley difference of the voltage change, the subsequent low-activity alcohols will be activated to conduct electricity. The conductive path opens rapidly and expands indefinitely. As the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductive path widens, the current density decreases accordingly, and the electrode material's ability to attract charge increases, with the dynamic internal resistance limit approaching zero. Alkene double-bond superconducting materials essentially reconstruct a semiconductor path through hole potential transfer without altering the original conductive path of the battery. This reconstructed hole potential transfer semiconductor path possesses Faraday pseudocapacitor functionality, where the conductive (charge transport) cross-sectional area is relatively proportional to the magnitude of the external voltage difference. Increasing the charging and discharging current will relatively increase the instantaneous voltage difference. Because the magnitude of the voltage difference change increases, the amount of charge transported by the Faraday pseudocapacitor increases. This is equivalent to increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the hole potential transfer path constructed by the olefin double bonds within the battery, thereby significantly reducing the current density of the originally designed ohmic conductive path. The conductive path widens, the current density decreases, and the concentration polarization internal resistance is also greatly reduced, effectively lowering the battery operating temperature and improving the battery charge-discharge conversion rate.

[0017] 3. The reaction rate of positively charged ions gaining / losing electrons at the electrode surface is limited. To drive the reaction faster, an additional voltage (overpotential) is required. During the reaction, the concentration of positively charged ions at the electrode surface differs from the concentration in the bulk solution, forming a concentration gradient. An additional voltage is needed to maintain ion diffusion. The heat of polarization also increases significantly with increasing current, especially at low temperatures, where ion migration and reaction rates slow down, and polarization becomes very severe, leading to a sharp increase in heat generation and a decrease in performance.

[0018] Hole potential transfer in olefin double bonds possesses Faraday pseudocapacitor functionality. When the external voltage changes due to load variations, the Faraday pseudocapacitor generates a voltage due to potential transfer. This voltage, superimposed on the external voltage, increases the energy of positive ion migration, promoting the transfer rate and efficiency of positive ions. Simultaneously, since the expansion of the conductive path area is relatively proportional to the magnitude of the load current, the reaction rate of positive ions gaining / losing electrons at the electrode surface is limited. To drive the reaction faster, increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the charge transport path, without increasing the current density, can effectively solve the polarization resistance caused by high-power battery use, thereby significantly reducing battery heat.

[0019] 4. During charging and discharging, the insertion and extraction of positively charged ions between the positive and negative electrodes undergo chemical reactions, absorbing or releasing heat. These reactions are exothermic during charging and discharging. The capacity generated in this process depends on the resistance encountered during insertion and extraction between the positive and negative electrodes. This invention incorporates olefin double-bonded superconducting materials into the positive and negative electrode materials / electrolyte of the rechargeable battery to form a stable SEI film. This provides ample channels for positively charged ions, and hole potential transfer creates an electric field attraction between the corresponding positive and negative charges. During extraction, the accumulation of positively charged ions accelerates extraction, while during insertion, the corresponding negative charges attract each other using various chemical secondary power sources, promoting the insertion speed. With unobstructed paths for positively charged ion insertion and extraction, damage to the SEI film is significantly reduced, increasing the cycle life of the rechargeable battery. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 To compare the battery discharge voltage curves; Figure 2 To compare the battery's 100% discharge capacity curve; Figure 3 The experimental battery discharge voltage curve is shown. Figure 4 This is a graph showing the 100% discharge capacity of the experimental battery. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to some specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 An olefin double bond superconducting material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 5% polyol, 25% β-SiC, 35% α-SiC, 10% tetramethylsilane, 5% polydimethylsiloxane, and 20% tetraethyl orthosilicate.

[0023] Furthermore, the polyol is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 20% primary alcohol, 30% secondary alcohol, and 50% tertiary alcohol.

[0024] Furthermore, the primary alcohol is n-butanol; the secondary alcohol is 2-octanol; and the tertiary alcohol is 2-methyl-2-pentanol.

[0025] The preparation method of the above-mentioned olefin double bond superconducting material includes the following steps: S1. Place various polyols in a sealed reaction vessel, under inert gas protection, at a temperature of 40℃ and a stirring speed of 1500r / min, and mix for 2 hours to obtain a mixed alcohol. S2. Add β-SiC, α-SiC, tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate to a closed reactor and mix for 1 hour under inert gas protection at 30°C and 200 r / min to obtain a carbon-silicon mixture. S3. Mix the mixed alcohol obtained in step S1 and the carbon silicon compound obtained in step S2 evenly to obtain a mixture. Add 30% ethanol by weight of the mixture and granulate to obtain the final product.

[0026] Example 2 An olefin double bond superconducting material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 10% polyol, 30% β-SiC, 20% α-SiC, 15% tetramethylsilane, 4% polydimethylsiloxane, and 21% tetraethyl orthosilicate.

[0027] Furthermore, the polyol is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 30% primary alcohol, 30% secondary alcohol, and 40% tertiary alcohol.

[0028] Furthermore, primary alcohol is n-propanol; secondary alcohol is sec-butanol; and tertiary alcohol is tert-butanol.

[0029] The preparation method of the above-mentioned olefin double bond superconducting material includes the following steps: S1. Place various polyols in a sealed reaction vessel, and mix them for 3 hours under inert gas protection at a temperature of 40°C and a stirring speed of 2000 r / min to obtain a mixed alcohol. S2. Add β-SiC, α-SiC, tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate to a closed reactor and mix for 2 hours under inert gas protection at 35°C and 250 r / min to obtain a carbon-silicon mixture. S3. Mix the mixed alcohol obtained in step S1 and the carbon silicon compound obtained in step S2 evenly to obtain a mixture. Add 20% ethanol by weight of the mixture and granulate to obtain the final product.

[0030] Example 3 An olefin double bond superconducting material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 10% polyol, 25% β-SiC, 20% α-SiC, 18% tetramethylsilane, 2% polydimethylsiloxane, and 25% tetraethyl orthosilicate.

[0031] Furthermore, the polyol is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 20% primary alcohol, 40% secondary alcohol, and 40% tertiary alcohol.

[0032] Furthermore, the primary alcohol is n-propanol; the secondary alcohol is cyclohexanol; and the tertiary alcohol is 2-methyl-2-pentanol.

[0033] The preparation method of the above-mentioned olefin double bond superconducting material includes the following steps: S1. Place various polyols in a sealed reaction vessel, and mix them for 3 hours under inert gas protection at a temperature of 45°C and a stirring speed of 1000 r / min to obtain a mixed alcohol. S2. Add β-SiC, α-SiC, tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate to a closed reactor and mix for 1 hour under inert gas protection at 30°C and 250 r / min to obtain a carbon-silicon mixture. S3. Mix the mixed alcohol obtained in step S1 and the carbon silicon compound obtained in step S2 evenly to obtain a mixture. Add 30% ethanol by weight of the mixture and granulate to obtain the final product.

[0034] Example 4 An olefin double bond superconducting material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 15% polyol, 20% β-SiC, 30% α-SiC, 15% tetramethylsilane, 5% polydimethylsiloxane, and 15% tetraethyl orthosilicate.

[0035] Furthermore, the polyol is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 30% primary alcohol, 20% secondary alcohol, and 50% tertiary alcohol.

[0036] Furthermore, primary alcohol is n-butanol; secondary alcohol is isopropanol; and tertiary alcohol is tertiary pentanol.

[0037] The preparation method of the above-mentioned olefin double bond superconducting material includes the following steps: S1. Place various polyols in a sealed reaction vessel, and under the protection of inert gas, at a temperature of 35°C and a stirring speed of 2000 r / min, mix for 1 hour to obtain a mixed alcohol. S2. Add β-SiC, α-SiC, tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate to a closed reactor and mix for 3 hours under inert gas protection at 30°C and 200 r / min to obtain a carbon-silicon mixture. S3. Mix the mixed alcohol obtained in step S1 and the carbon silicon compound obtained in step S2 evenly to obtain a mixture. Add 40% ethanol by weight of the mixture and granulate to obtain the final product.

[0038] Example 5 An olefin double bond superconducting material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 6% polyol, 35% β-SiC, 24% α-SiC, 20% tetramethylsilane, 5% polydimethylsiloxane, and 10% tetraethyl orthosilicate.

[0039] Furthermore, the polyol is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: primary alcohol 40%, secondary alcohol 30%, and tertiary alcohol 30%.

[0040] Furthermore, primary alcohol is n-propanol; secondary alcohol is isopropanol; and tertiary alcohol is tert-butanol.

[0041] The preparation method of the above-mentioned olefin double bond superconducting material includes the following steps: S1. Place various polyols in a sealed reaction vessel, under inert gas protection, at a temperature of 35℃ and a stirring speed of 2000r / min, and mix for 2 hours to obtain a mixed alcohol. S2. Add β-SiC, α-SiC, tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate to a closed reactor and mix for 1 hour under inert gas protection at 35°C and 200 r / min to obtain a carbon-silicon mixture. S3. Mix the mixed alcohol obtained in step S1 and the carbon silicon compound obtained in step S2 evenly to obtain a mixture. Add 30% ethanol by weight of the mixture and granulate to obtain the final product.

[0042] Example 1: Conductivity Test of Olefin Double-Bond Superconducting Materials 1. Test method: Based on the principle of the four-probe method, four metal probes arranged at equal intervals are used to contact the sample surface. Current is passed through the two outer probes, and voltage is measured on the two inner probes. The resistivity is then calculated.

[0043] Test result: resistivity 0.01Ω·cm.

[0044] 2. Hall effect measurement: When a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the current direction, the charge carriers are deflected due to the Lorentz force, generating a transverse Hall voltage. By analyzing the polarity and magnitude of the Hall voltage, the type of charge carrier can be determined and the charge carrier conductivity and mobility can be calculated.

[0045] Test results: Carrier conductivity density: 2.8 MV / cm; Carrier mobility: 800 cm⁻¹ 2 / V·s The test results above show that the olefin double bond superconducting material of the present invention has extremely high carrier conductivity and mobility, extremely low resistivity, and excellent electrical conductivity.

[0046] Example 6 Application of the olefin double bond superconducting material of Example 1 above in lithium-ion battery anode materials.

[0047] The negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 80% hard carbon, 5% graphene, 2% polyacrylic acid, 10% deionized water, and 3% olefin double bond superconducting material.

[0048] Example 7 Application of the olefin double bond superconducting material of Example 1 above in lithium-ion battery anode materials.

[0049] The lithium-ion battery anode material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 83% hard carbon, 3% carbon nanotubes, 5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 7% deionized water, and 2% olefin double bond superconducting material.

[0050] Example 8 Application of the olefin double bond superconducting material of Example 1 above in lithium-ion battery anode materials.

[0051] The lithium-ion battery anode material is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 85% hard carbon, 2% carbon nanotubes, 3% polyvinylidene fluoride, 5% deionized water, and 5% olefin double bond superconducting material.

[0052] Example 9 Application of the olefin double bond superconducting material of Example 1 above in lithium-ion battery anode materials.

[0053] The negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries is made from the following raw materials in weight percentages: 81% hard carbon, 3% carbon black, 3% polyvinylidene fluoride, 3% deionized water, and 10% olefin double bond superconducting material.

[0054] Application Trial I. Positive Electrode Plate: Two plates are handmade, each weighing 1.14g. The composition is as follows (by weight percentage): 96% lithium cobalt oxide, 2% carbon nanotubes, and 2% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Comparison of negative electrode plates: Two plates were made by hand, each weighing 0.64g. The composition of the plates is as follows: by weight percentage, hard carbon 85%, carbon nanotubes 7%, polyvinylidene fluoride 3%, and deionized water 5%.

[0055] Experimental negative electrode plate: Two plates were made by hand, each weighing 0.64g. The composition of the experimental negative electrode plate (Example 8 of the present invention) is as follows: 85% hard carbon, 2% carbon nanotubes, 3% polyvinylidene fluoride, 5% deionized water, and 5% olefin double bond superconducting material.

[0056] Comparison battery: Take out one 1.14g positive electrode plate and two 0.64g negative electrode plates for comparison, and make them into a soft pack battery; Experimental battery: Take out one 1.14g positive electrode plate and two 0.64g negative electrode plates to make a soft pack battery.

[0057] The battery was charged by injecting a carbonate mixed solvent into an electrolyte electrolyte and then testing its high-current discharge capacity. The battery discharge voltage curves were compared with those shown in [reference needed]. Figure 1 For comparison of the battery's 100% discharge capacity curve, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 See the experimental battery discharge voltage curve. Figure 3 See the experimental battery's 100% discharge capacity curve. Figure 4 ; Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the first segment has a power consumption of less than 20% and a voltage range of 4.2 to 4.0V. Second segment: 20% < power consumption < 90%, voltage range (4.0~3.7V); Third segment: Power consumption >90%, voltage range (3.7~2.95V); Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the first stage has a time of 0 (voltage of 4.18V) and a time of 0.5h (voltage of 4.0V), and the average current is 37mA; the power consumption in this stage is: 0.5h * 37mA = 18.5mAh; The second stage lasted for 0.5 hours (voltage 4.0V) and 4.5 hours (voltage 3.71V), with an average current of 32.85mA. The power consumption in this stage was: 4h * 32.85mA = 131.4mAh. The third stage lasted for 4.5 hours (voltage 3.71V) and 6.5 hours (voltage 2.76V), with an average current of 20.35mA. The power consumption in this stage was: 2h * 20.35mA = 40.7mAh. In summary, the total battery capacity is 190.6mAh. Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the first segment has a power consumption of less than 15% and a voltage range of 4.2 to 4.0V. Second segment: 15% < power consumption < 95%, voltage range (4.0~3.7V); Third segment: Power consumption >95%, voltage range (3.7~2.95V); Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the first stage has a time of 0 (voltage of 4.18V) and a time of 0.25h (voltage of 4.0V), and the average current is 37mA; the power consumption in this stage is: 0.25h * 37mA = 9.25mAh; The second stage lasted for 0.25 hours (4.0V) and 6 hours (3.71V), with an average current of 32.85mA. The power consumption in this stage was 5.75 * 32.85mA = 188.89mAh. The third stage lasted for 6 hours (voltage 3.71V) and 6.5 hours (voltage 2.76V), with an average current of 20.35mA. The power consumption in this stage was: 0.5h * 20.35mA = 10.18mAh. In summary, the total battery capacity of the experimental battery is 208.3 mAh; In summary, the comparison battery's average discharge voltage plateau of 32.85 mA in the second stage lasted 4 hours (from 0.5 hours to 4.5 hours), with a total discharge capacity of 190.6 mAh. The experimental battery's average discharge voltage plateau of 32.85 mA in the second stage lasted 5.75 hours (from 0.25 hours to 6 hours), with a total discharge capacity of 208.3 mAh. The experimental battery's discharge voltage plateau was extended by 1.75 hours compared to the comparison battery. This extended discharge voltage plateau resulted in a 17.7 mAh increase in 100% discharge capacity. The comparison of 100% discharge capacity demonstrates that because the experimental battery of this invention has a lower dynamic internal resistance (electrochemical internal resistance), it consumes less heat, thus increasing the battery capacity that can be released to the load, thereby increasing the battery's range during use.

[0058] II. Lead-acid battery composition parameters: Lead components 0.086 kg; battery casing 0.35 kg; glass fiber separator and accessories, each positive electrode plate weighs 36 g, positive electrode plate is lead dioxide, each negative electrode plate weighs 24 g, negative electrode plate is sponge lead, each battery cell has 7 positive electrode plates connected in parallel and 8 negative electrode plates connected in parallel to form a battery electrode group, which is installed into a single cell in the battery casing to form a 2V12Ah single cell electrode group. 6 2V12Ah single cell electrode groups are connected in series inside the battery casing to form a 12V12Ah single cell battery.

[0059] The dry weights of the four individual cells in the experimental battery were 3.232 kg, 3.235 kg, 3.236 kg, and 3.234 kg, respectively, while the dry weights of the four individual cells in the corresponding control battery were 3.231 kg, 3.234 kg, 3.233 kg, and 3.236 kg, respectively.

[0060] Comparison of battery electrolytes: By weight percentage, 0.5% silica, 1% anhydrous sodium sulfate, 0.35% stannous sulfate, 34.5% sulfuric acid, and the remainder is deionized water; specific gravity 1.255 g / cm³. 3 The electrolyte is added to each cell in a total of 215 ml, and to each of the six cells in a single battery cell in a total of 1290 ml. The electrolyte additives (silicon dioxide, anhydrous sodium sulfate, and stannous sulfate) are introduced into the positive and negative plates through deep discharge of the battery.

[0061] Experimental battery electrolyte: By weight percentage, Example 1 contained 5% olefin double bond superconducting material, 34.5% sulfuric acid, and the remainder was deionized water, with a specific gravity of 1.255 g / cm³. 3 The electrolyte is added to each cell in a volume of 215 ml, for a total of 1290 ml for each of the six cells in a single cell. The superconducting material is introduced into the positive and negative plates through deep discharge of the battery.

[0062] The above 8 individual batteries were connected in series and placed in a constant temperature 25℃ water bath for charging and discharging under the same conditions. When the batteries were kept at 100% state of charge, the free dilute sulfuric acid was extracted. According to the battery process requirements, only the electrolyte absorbed and permeated into the separator was retained. Then the battery was sealed.

[0063] The total weight of the four individual cells in the experimental battery was 4.209 kg, 4.206 kg, 4.173 kg, and 4.142 kg, and they were numbered 1#, 2#, 3#, and 4#, respectively. The total weight of the four individual cells in the corresponding control battery was 4.198 kg, 4.193 kg, 4.161 kg, and 4.132 kg. The above-mentioned 12V12Ah single cell and the experimental 12V12Ah single cell were connected in series to form a 48V12Ah lead-acid battery pack for electric bicycles. The battery solid water content, static internal resistance, open circuit voltage and cycle life were tested in sequence. The test results are shown in Table 1-4.

[0064] Test results: 1. Solid water content refers to the amount of water in a battery that decreases during repeated charging and discharging because the battery's internal resistance increases, the proportion of electrical energy converted into chemical energy decreases, and another portion of the electricity is used for water electrolysis. The unit is kg. The battery solid water content test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0065] Table 1 Comparison of battery water content Single cell battery 1# 2# 3# 4# Comparison of batteries 4.198 4.193 4.161 4.132 Experimental battery 4.209 4.206 4.173 4.143 Increased solid water content 0.011 0.013 0.012 0.011 2. Comparison of static internal resistance between the control battery and the experimental battery (unit: milliohms) Test conditions: Batteries are arranged in groups of four connected in series, constant voltage 59.2V, charging start current 10A. The process was terminated when the current was reduced to 0.5A. After the battery was fully charged, it was left to stand for 12 hours at a constant ambient temperature of 25°C. The internal resistance of the battery was then measured, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0066] Table 2 Comparison of Battery Static Internal Resistance Single cell battery 1# 2# 3# 4# Comparison of batteries 11.02 10.79 10.57 11.06 Experimental battery 10.78 10.78 10.58 11.04 Difference in change 0.24 0.01 -0.01 0.02 3. Comparison of the fully charged open-circuit voltage of the comparative battery and the experimental battery (unit: volts V) Test conditions: Batteries are arranged in groups of four connected in series, constant voltage 59.2V, charging start current 10A. The process was terminated when the current was reduced to 0.5A. After the battery was fully charged, it was left to stand for 12 hours under constant ambient temperature of 25°C. The open-circuit voltage of the battery was then measured. The test results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 Comparison of Open Circuit Voltages at Full Charge Single cell battery 1# 2# 3# 4# Comparison of batteries 13.63 13.65 13.66 13.63 Experimental battery 13.33 13.39 13.40 13.41 Difference in change 0.30 0.26 0.26 0.22 4. Comparison of 100% DOD cycle life between batteries without and with superconducting materials (unit: ampere-hours, Ah) Test conditions: constant indoor temperature 25℃, four units connected in series as a group, constant voltage 59.2V, charging start-up. The dynamic current is 10A, and the current drops to 0.5A to terminate the test; the discharge current is 10A, and the termination voltage is 10.5V. The cycle life test results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0067] Table 4 Comparison of Battery Cycle Life As shown in Table 1-3, the addition of olefin double bond superconducting materials increases the solid water content by 0.012 kg, improves the water retention rate, and correspondingly extends the time for the battery to lose water to the minimum limit. Due to the increase in water content, the specific gravity of sulfuric acid in the battery decreases, the open circuit voltage decreases by 0.26 V, reduces the corrosion of the positive electrode grid due to excessive sulfuric acid concentration, and reduces the impact of excessive sulfate concentration on sulfation of the negative electrode plate, which increases the difficulty of sulfation and prevents the battery from starving. This extends the battery's static storage period from 3 months to 9 months without sulfation starvation. In addition, the reduction in the corrosion rate of the positive electrode grid results in an overall battery life extension of more than 50%.

[0068] When the battery is at rest and not supplying power to a load or charging an external power source, there is no voltage change in the battery. The superconducting material's semiconductor properties mean it does not conduct electricity, and the battery's internal ohmic resistance remains unchanged.

[0069] As shown in Table 4, due to the conductivity of the superconducting material, the battery's charge-discharge efficiency (the ratio of the amount of electricity discharged to the amount of electricity consumed during charging) is greater than 98% in the first 200 cycles, gradually decreasing to 96% after 300 cycles, with an average charge-discharge efficiency of 97.66%. In contrast, the highest charge-discharge efficiency of the comparison battery is 76.8%, decreasing to 64.6% by the 200th cycle, with an average efficiency of 70.7%. The experimental battery outperformed the comparison battery by 26.96 percentage points. The comparison battery, without the addition of the olefin double-bonded superconducting material, not only had very low high-rate charging efficiency but also suffered damage to the active material from high-current charging and discharging. After only 100 cycles, the battery was severely bulging and unusable. In contrast, the battery with the superconducting material of this invention had a cycle life of 350 cycles without any capacity decay.

[0070] In summary, through deep discharge, the olefin double bond superconducting material contained in the electrolyte enters the active material of the electrode plate, increasing the conductive area of ​​the electrode plate, reducing the current density, increasing the battery's charging acceptance, and achieving an overall energy conversion rate of over 96%. At the same time, due to the reduction in polarization internal resistance, the battery sulfation and positive electrode grid corrosion are delayed, extending the battery's cycle life.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An olefin double bond superconductive material, characterized by, The polyol is made of raw materials with the following weight percentage: polyol 5-15%, beta-SiC 20-35%, alpha-SiC 20-35%, tetramethylsilane 10-20%, polydimethylsiloxane 2-5%, and tetraethyl orthosilicate 10-25%.

2. The olefinic double bond superconductive material according to claim 1, wherein The polyol is made of raw materials with the following weight percentage: primary alcohol 20%-40%, secondary alcohol 20%-40%, and tertiary alcohol 30%-50%.

3. The olefinic double bond superconductive material according to claim 2, wherein The primary alcohol is one or more of ethanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol; the secondary alcohol is one or more of isopropanol, sec-butanol, cyclohexanol, and 2-octanol; and the tertiary alcohol is one or more of tert-butanol, tert-amyl alcohol, and 2-methyl-2-pentanol.

4. A method for producing the olefin double bond superconductive material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Put various polyols into a sealed reaction kettle and mix under inert gas protection to obtain a mixed alcohol; S2. Add beta-SiC, alpha-SiC, tetramethylsilane, polydimethylsiloxane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate into the sealed reaction kettle and mix under inert gas protection to obtain a carbon-silicon mixture; S3. Mix the mixed alcohol obtained in step S1 and the carbon-silicon compound obtained in step S2 uniformly to obtain a mixture, add ethanol, and granulate to obtain the product.

5. The method for preparing the olefin double-bond superconducting material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mixing conditions in step S1 are as follows: temperature 35-45℃, stirring speed 1200-2000r / min, and mixing time 1-3h.

6. The method for preparing the olefin double-bond superconducting material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mixing conditions in step S2 are as follows: temperature 25-35℃, stirring speed 100-250r / min, and mixing time 1-3h.

7. The method for preparing the olefin double-bond superconducting material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The weight ratio of ethanol to the mixture in step S3 is 20-40%.

8. Use of the olefin double bond superconductive material according to any one of claims 1-3 in the positive and negative electrode materials / electrolyte of a rechargeable battery.

9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that, The olefin double bond superconductive material is used in the positive and negative electrode materials of a rechargeable battery, which are made of raw materials with the following weight percentage: active component 80-85%, conductive agent 2-5%, binder 2-5%, solvent 0-10%, and olefin double bond superconductive material 2-10%.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The active component is hard carbon; the conductive agent is one or more of carbon black, carbon nanotube, and graphene; the binder is one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, and polyvinylidene fluoride; and the solvent is deionized water.

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