Ground resistivity observation station unattended intelligent monitoring system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent monitoring, and particularly relates to an unattended intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station, which comprises a multi-dimensional environment sensing module, an observation equipment state monitoring module, a video security monitoring module, an Internet of Things data transmission module, a data security processing module and a remote alarm and operation and maintenance module, the encryption transmission unit in the application adopts an SSL / TLS encryption transmission protocol to encrypt all transmission data such as observation data and equipment state data, converts a plaintext into a ciphertext and then transmits the ciphertext through a network, and even if the data is intercepted during transmission and illegal subjects cannot interpret the content due to no decryption key, the data can be transmitted through the network. And data stealing and tampering are completely eradicated from the link level.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring, in particular to an unattended intelligent monitoring system for a geoelectric resistivity observation station. BACKGROUND

[0002] The unattended intelligent monitoring system for a geoelectric resistivity observation station can realize automatic and intelligent control of the whole process of geoelectric resistivity observation, does not need artificial residence, can guarantee the continuity and accuracy of observation data and the safe and stable operation of station equipment, and provides reliable data support for earthquake monitoring and geological disaster warning.

[0003] However, the existing intelligent monitoring system still has the following technical problems when in use:

[0004] The current monitoring system has data security and privacy risks, the system transmits data through the network, there is a risk of data interception or tampering, and the current monitoring system is easily affected by environmental factors, such as extreme temperature and high humidity, which may affect the accuracy of the sensor and cause measurement errors.

[0005] Therefore, the unattended intelligent monitoring system for a geoelectric resistivity observation station is proposed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide an unattended intelligent monitoring system for a geoelectric resistivity observation station to solve the problems in the background.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an unattended intelligent monitoring system for a geoelectric resistivity observation station, comprising a multi-dimensional environment perception module, an observation equipment state monitoring module, a video security monitoring module, an Internet of Things data transmission module, a data security processing module and a remote alarm and operation and maintenance module.

[0008] The multi-dimensional environment perception module collects the soil moisture content, environmental temperature and humidity, precipitation intensity and alternating current interference voltage parameters around the station in real time, and provides environmental background data for data calibration.

[0009] The observation equipment state monitoring module continuously monitors the running state of the geoelectric resistivity observation core equipment.

[0010] The video security monitoring module shoots real-time station site images, monitors whether there is a person breaking in, equipment moving or being damaged, triggers a sound and light alarm when the mobile detection module detects an anomaly, and pushes the site image to the center platform, thereby guaranteeing the physical safety of the station.

[0011] The IoT data transmission module, as the core of data transmission, supports multi-network redundancy switching to ensure uninterrupted data transmission. It also encrypts observation data and device status data through an encrypted transmission protocol to prevent interception or tampering during transmission.

[0012] The data security processing module uses local and cloud dual backup storage for data, and all stored data is encrypted with AES-256 to prevent data leakage.

[0013] The remote alarm and maintenance module is used to automatically trigger multi-level alarms and push alarm information to maintenance personnel as soon as possible when there are abnormal environmental parameters, equipment failures, abnormal data transmissions, or security intrusions.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-dimensional environmental sensing module includes a soil moisture sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a precipitation sensor, and an AC interference monitoring sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the observation equipment status monitoring module includes an electrode-to-ground resistance self-test circuit, a power supply status monitoring unit, a data acquisition unit status sensor, and a communication module self-test unit;

[0016] The power supply status monitoring unit is responsible for monitoring the power supply status of the core equipment for ground resistivity observation, including whether the voltage and current are stable, and whether there are any power outages or abnormal voltage fluctuations.

[0017] The communication module self-test unit is used to detect the working status of the communication module, including communication signal strength, data transmission rate, and whether it can connect to the network normally. When the communication module malfunctions, such as signal interruption or data transmission error, the unit can detect it in time and attempt to automatically restore communication or issue alarm information to ensure that the data can be transmitted to the central platform in a timely and accurate manner so that maintenance personnel can perform real-time monitoring and analysis.

[0018] Preferably, the video security monitoring module includes a high-definition infrared camera, a motion detection unit, and an audible and visual alarm.

[0019] The motion detection unit dynamically analyzes real-time images captured by high-definition infrared cameras to accurately identify abnormal moving targets or changes in the images. By setting preset monitoring areas and sensitivity parameters, it can quickly detect whether unauthorized personnel have entered the station, or whether equipment has been moved or damaged. Once an abnormal event that meets preset rules is detected, the module linkage mechanism will be triggered immediately, the audible and visual alarms will be activated simultaneously, and the real-time images of the scene will be pushed to the central platform to ensure that abnormal situations can be detected in a timely manner, buying time for subsequent response and handling.

[0020] Preferably, the IoT data transmission module includes a dual-mode IoT unit, an edge computing gateway, and an encrypted transmission unit;

[0021] The dual-mode IoT unit ensures the continuity and stability of data transmission and realizes multi-network redundancy switching. This unit is compatible with both 4G / 5G and LoRa network communication modes, monitors the current network signal quality in real time, and automatically switches to the LoRa network to continue data transmission when the 4G / 5G signal in the area where the station is located is poor, unstable or interrupted. After the 4G / 5G signal returns to normal, it can flexibly switch back to the high-speed mobile network to avoid data transmission interruption caused by a single network failure, ensuring that observation data and equipment status data can be continuously uploaded, meeting the reliability requirements of data transmission in unattended scenarios.

[0022] The encrypted transmission unit ensures the security and integrity of data during transmission, preventing data from being intercepted, tampered with, or leaked. This unit has a built-in SSL / TLS encrypted transmission protocol to encrypt the observation data and equipment status data to be transmitted, converting plaintext data into ciphertext data before transmitting it over the network. After the data arrives at the receiving end, the receiver needs to decrypt it with the corresponding key to obtain the original data. This technically builds a security barrier for data transmission, effectively resisting network attacks during transmission and ensuring the secure transmission of core observation data and equipment information of the station.

[0023] Preferably, the data security processing module includes a local encrypted storage unit, a cloud encrypted server, and a data quality screening unit;

[0024] The local encrypted storage unit enables local encrypted caching and backup of observation data, ensuring data security and integrity in offline conditions. This unit performs AES-256 encryption on received observation data and device status data before storing it on the local storage device to prevent unauthorized access or theft of local data. It also features offline caching capabilities, allowing continuous storage of new data during network interruptions to prevent data loss. Once the network is restored, the cached offline data is automatically synchronized to the cloud, ensuring consistency between local and cloud data and providing fundamental security and offline fault tolerance for data storage.

[0025] The data quality screening unit performs quality checks and screenings on the raw data before storage to ensure that the data stored in the system is accurate and effective. This unit uses preset data quality assessment rules to screen the collected environmental parameter data and equipment status data in real time, identify and mark abnormal data that exceeds reasonable range, data with logical errors, or invalid and redundant data. For the problematic data screened out, it can be isolated, alarmed, or automatically corrected according to preset strategies to prevent inferior data from entering the storage system and affecting subsequent data analysis and calibration work. This ensures the quality of data storage from the source and provides support for the accurate application of ground resistivity observation data.

[0026] Preferably, the remote alarm and maintenance module includes a multi-level alarm unit and a remote control unit;

[0027] The multi-level alarm unit enables accurate identification, graded response, and timely notification of abnormal situations, ensuring that maintenance personnel can quickly grasp various faults or risks at the station. This unit will connect in real time with abnormal signals generated by the multi-dimensional environmental perception module, observation equipment status monitoring module, IoT data transmission module, and video security monitoring module.

[0028] The remote control unit undertakes the core function of remote operation and maintenance, reduces on-site operation and maintenance costs, and improves fault response and equipment management efficiency. This unit allows operation and maintenance personnel to remotely operate the observation equipment and sensors in the station through the central platform.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1) The encrypted transmission unit in this application adopts the SSL / TLS encrypted transmission protocol to encrypt all transmitted data such as observation data and device status data, converting plaintext into ciphertext before transmitting it over the network. Even if the data is intercepted during transmission, the unauthorized entity will not be able to decipher the content because it does not have the decryption key, thus preventing data theft and tampering at the link level.

[0031] The dual-mode IoT unit supports automatic redundancy switching between 4G / 5G and LoRa networks, monitors network signal quality in real time, and automatically switches to the LoRa network to continue data transmission when the mobile network signal is poor or interrupted, avoiding security risks caused by data lag and ensuring the continuity and stability of data transmission. The edge computing gateway performs local preprocessing and filtering of raw data, uploading only valid data, reducing bandwidth consumption and security exposure caused by invalid data transmission, while coordinating data transmission priorities to ensure that core data is transmitted with encryption first.

[0032] 2) The temperature and humidity sensor in this application collects environmental temperature and humidity data in real time, accurately capturing key environmental changes that affect sensor accuracy, such as extreme temperatures and high humidity, providing core environmental parameters for subsequent data calibration; the soil moisture sensor and precipitation sensor monitor soil moisture content and precipitation intensity respectively, clarifying the direct impact of sudden changes in precipitation and soil moisture on ground resistivity observation; the barometric pressure sensor collects barometric pressure parameters to assist in analyzing the potential interference of atmospheric environmental stability on observation data; the AC interference monitoring sensor captures surrounding AC interference voltage and identifies electromagnetic interference from power facilities; when the multi-dimensional environmental perception module detects extreme environmental parameters, it synchronously triggers the multi-level alarm unit of the remote alarm and operation and maintenance module, promptly pushing alarm information to operation and maintenance personnel. Through the remote control unit, operation and maintenance personnel can remotely adjust sensor operating parameters, activate equipment protection measures, or perform remote sensor calibration, thus avoiding the continuous impact of environmental factors on sensor accuracy in advance and reducing error accumulation. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the module composition of this system;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the components of a multi-dimensional environmental perception module.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the composition of the observation equipment status monitoring module;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the components of a video security monitoring module.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the components of an IoT data transmission module.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the components of the data security processing module;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the components of the remote alarm and maintenance module. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example:

[0042] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0043] An unattended intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station includes a multi-dimensional environmental perception module, an observation equipment status monitoring module, a video security monitoring module, an Internet of Things data transmission module, a data security processing module, and a remote alarm and maintenance module.

[0044] The multi-dimensional environmental sensing module collects real-time data on soil moisture content, ambient temperature and humidity, precipitation intensity, and AC interference voltage around the station, providing environmental background data for data calibration.

[0045] The observation equipment status monitoring module continuously monitors the operating status of the core equipment for ground resistivity observation.

[0046] The video security monitoring module captures real-time images of the station site to monitor for unauthorized entry, equipment movement, or damage. When the motion detection module detects an anomaly, it simultaneously triggers an audible and visual alarm and pushes the live video to the central platform to ensure the physical security of the station.

[0047] The IoT data transmission module serves as the core of data transmission, supporting multi-network redundancy switching. When the 4G / 5G signal is poor, it automatically switches to LoRa to ensure uninterrupted data transmission. It also encrypts the observation data and device status data through encrypted transmission protocols (such as SSL / TLS) to prevent interception or tampering during transmission.

[0048] The data security processing module uses local and cloud dual backup storage for data. Local storage supports offline caching and automatic synchronization after network recovery. All stored data is encrypted with AES-256 to prevent data leakage.

[0049] The remote alarm and maintenance module is used to automatically trigger multi-level alarms and push alarm information to maintenance personnel as soon as possible when environmental parameters are abnormal (such as excessive humidity), equipment failure (such as poor electrode contact), data transmission abnormality, or security intrusion occurs.

[0050] The multi-dimensional environmental perception module includes a soil moisture sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a precipitation sensor, and an AC interference monitoring sensor.

[0051] Soil moisture sensor: As a key environmental factor monitoring device affecting soil resistivity observation, its core function is to capture changes in soil moisture content around the station in real time. Soil resistivity is highly correlated with soil moisture, and sudden changes in soil moisture will directly lead to deviations in soil resistivity observation data;

[0052] Temperature and humidity sensor: mainly responsible for real-time collection of temperature and humidity data of the surrounding environment of the station. Changes in ambient temperature and humidity may not only indirectly affect the ground resistivity observation results, but also affect the operating status of the observation equipment in the station.

[0053] Barometric pressure sensor: Real-time acquisition of barometric pressure parameters of the surrounding environment of the station. Changes in barometric pressure may indirectly affect the surrounding environment of the ground resistivity observation system by influencing the stability of the atmospheric environment, and thus have a potential impact on the observation data.

[0054] Precipitation sensors are used to monitor precipitation-related parameters such as precipitation intensity around the station in real time. Precipitation directly changes soil moisture content and may also affect the contact state between the electrodes and the soil, thus significantly interfering with ground resistivity observations. By accurately monitoring precipitation, the influence of precipitation on observation data can be clearly identified, providing a basis for corresponding environmental variables for data calibration.

[0055] AC interference monitoring sensor: This sensor is specifically designed to monitor AC interference voltage parameters around the monitoring station. AC power facilities and other equipment in the vicinity of the station can generate AC interference, which can intrude into the ground resistivity observation system and distort the observed data. By capturing changes in AC interference voltage, this sensor identifies the intensity and variation patterns of the interference source, providing crucial data for subsequent anti-interference measures and data calibration to eliminate the effects of AC interference, thus ensuring the accuracy of the ground resistivity observation data.

[0056] The observation equipment status monitoring module includes an electrode-to-ground resistance self-test circuit, a power supply status monitoring unit, a data acquisition unit status sensor, and a communication module self-test unit.

[0057] The power supply status monitoring unit is responsible for monitoring the power supply status of the core equipment for ground resistivity observation, including whether the voltage and current are stable, and whether there are any power outages or abnormal voltage fluctuations. A stable power supply is the foundation for the normal operation of the equipment. Once a power supply problem occurs, such as too low or too high voltage, it may cause the equipment to malfunction or be damaged, thus affecting the observation of ground resistivity. This unit monitors the power supply status in real time, and when an anomaly is detected, it can promptly issue alarm information to remind maintenance personnel to take measures to ensure a stable power supply to the equipment.

[0058] The function of the electrode-to-ground resistance self-test circuit is to monitor the change in the value of the electrode-to-ground resistance in real time. By periodically or in real time detecting the resistance value between the electrode and the ground, it can promptly detect problems such as poor contact or broken wires of the electrode.

[0059] The data acquisition status sensor is a key device for collecting and processing ground resistivity observation data. The data acquisition status sensor is used to monitor the working status of the data acquisition device in real time, including whether the acquisition device is operating normally, whether the data acquisition is accurate, and whether there are any crashes or program abnormalities.

[0060] The communication module self-test unit is used to detect the working status of the communication module, including communication signal strength, data transmission rate, and whether it can connect to the network normally. When the communication module malfunctions, such as signal interruption or data transmission error, the unit can detect it in time and attempt to automatically restore communication or issue alarm information to ensure that the data can be transmitted to the central platform in a timely and accurate manner so that maintenance personnel can perform real-time monitoring and analysis.

[0061] The video security monitoring module includes a high-definition infrared camera, a motion detection unit, and an audible and visual alarm.

[0062] High-definition infrared cameras, as the core acquisition equipment for video security monitoring, are mainly responsible for capturing high-definition images of the station site in real time. Equipped with infrared imaging capabilities, they overcome the limitations of lighting conditions, clearly capturing scene details inside and around the station in both normal daylight and low-light or no-light environments, and comprehensively recording equipment status, personnel activities, and other information.

[0063] The audible and visual alarm is a real-time on-site alarm device. When triggered by the motion detection unit, it will simultaneously emit an audible alarm signal and a visual alarm signal.

[0064] The motion detection unit dynamically analyzes real-time images captured by high-definition infrared cameras to accurately identify abnormal moving targets or changes in the images. By setting preset monitoring areas and sensitivity parameters, it can quickly detect whether unauthorized personnel have entered the station, or whether equipment has been moved or damaged. Once an abnormal event that meets preset rules is detected, the module linkage mechanism will be triggered immediately, the audible and visual alarms will be activated simultaneously, and the real-time images of the scene will be pushed to the central platform to ensure that abnormal situations can be detected in a timely manner, buying time for subsequent response and handling.

[0065] The IoT data transmission module includes a dual-mode IoT unit, an edge computing gateway, and an encrypted transmission unit;

[0066] The dual-mode IoT unit ensures the continuity and stability of data transmission and realizes multi-network redundancy switching. This unit is compatible with both 4G / 5G and LoRa network communication modes, monitors the current network signal quality in real time, and automatically switches to the LoRa network to continue data transmission when the 4G / 5G signal in the area where the station is located is poor, unstable or interrupted. After the 4G / 5G signal returns to normal, it can flexibly switch back to the high-speed mobile network to avoid data transmission interruption caused by a single network failure, and ensure that key information such as observation data and equipment status data can be continuously uploaded, meeting the reliability requirements of data transmission in unattended scenarios.

[0067] The encrypted transmission unit ensures the security and integrity of data during transmission, preventing data from being intercepted, tampered with, or leaked. This unit has a built-in SSL / TLS encrypted transmission protocol to encrypt the observation data and equipment status data to be transmitted, converting plaintext data into ciphertext data before transmitting it over the network. After the data arrives at the receiving end, the receiver needs to decrypt it with the corresponding key to obtain the original data. This technically builds a security barrier for data transmission, effectively resisting network attacks during transmission and ensuring the secure transmission of core observation data and equipment information of the station.

[0068] The data security processing module includes a local encrypted storage unit, a cloud encrypted server, and a data quality screening unit;

[0069] The cloud-based encrypted server is primarily responsible for cloud-based encrypted backup and centralized management of data, forming a dual-backup architecture with the local encrypted storage unit.

[0070] The local encrypted storage unit enables local encrypted caching and backup of observation data, ensuring data security and integrity in offline conditions. This unit performs AES-256 encryption on received observation data, device status data, etc., and then stores them in the local storage device to prevent unauthorized access or theft of local data. At the same time, it has an offline caching function, which can continuously store newly added data when the network is interrupted to avoid data loss. After the network is restored, it will automatically synchronize the cached offline data to the cloud to ensure the consistency between local and cloud data, providing basic security and offline fault tolerance for data storage.

[0071] The data quality screening unit performs quality checks and screenings on the raw data before storage to ensure that the data stored in the system is accurate and effective. This unit uses preset data quality assessment rules to screen the collected environmental parameter data and equipment status data in real time, identify and mark abnormal data that exceeds reasonable range, data with logical errors, or invalid and redundant data. For the problematic data screened out, it can be isolated, alarmed, or automatically corrected according to preset strategies to prevent inferior data from entering the storage system and affecting subsequent data analysis and calibration work. This ensures the quality of data storage from the source and provides support for the accurate application of ground resistivity observation data.

[0072] The remote alarm and maintenance module includes a multi-level alarm unit and a remote control unit;

[0073] The multi-level alarm unit enables accurate identification, graded response, and timely notification of abnormal situations, ensuring that maintenance personnel can quickly grasp various faults or risks at the station. This unit will connect in real time with abnormal signals generated by the multi-dimensional environmental perception module, observation equipment status monitoring module, IoT data transmission module, and video security monitoring module, including abnormal environmental parameters such as excessive soil moisture, abnormal AC interference voltage, equipment failure such as poor electrode contact, data acquisition device failure, abnormal data transmission such as network interruption, data loss, and security intrusion scenarios.

[0074] The remote control unit undertakes the core function of remote operation and maintenance, reduces on-site operation and maintenance costs, and improves fault response and equipment management efficiency. This unit allows operation and maintenance personnel to remotely operate the observation equipment and sensors in the station through the central platform.

[0075] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or basic characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0076] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An unattended intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station, characterized in that, It includes a multi-dimensional environmental perception module, an observation equipment status monitoring module, a video security monitoring module, an IoT data transmission module, a data security processing module, and a remote alarm and maintenance module; The multi-dimensional environmental sensing module collects real-time data on soil moisture content, ambient temperature and humidity, precipitation intensity, and AC interference voltage around the station, providing environmental background data for data calibration. The observation equipment status monitoring module continuously monitors the operating status of the core equipment for ground resistivity observation. The video security monitoring module captures real-time images of the station site to monitor for unauthorized entry, equipment movement, or damage. When the motion detection module detects an anomaly, it simultaneously triggers an audible and visual alarm and pushes the live video to the central platform to ensure the physical security of the station. The IoT data transmission module, as the core of data transmission, supports multi-network redundancy switching to ensure uninterrupted data transmission. It also encrypts observation data and device status data through an encrypted transmission protocol to prevent interception or tampering during transmission. The data security processing module uses local and cloud dual backup storage for data, and all stored data is encrypted with AES-256 to prevent data leakage. The remote alarm and maintenance module is used to automatically trigger multi-level alarms and push alarm information to maintenance personnel as soon as possible when there are abnormal environmental parameters, equipment failures, abnormal data transmissions, or security intrusions.

2. The unmanned intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional environmental perception module includes a soil moisture sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a precipitation sensor, and an AC interference monitoring sensor.

3. The unmanned intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation equipment status monitoring module includes an electrode-to-ground resistance self-test circuit, a power supply status monitoring unit, a data acquisition unit status sensor, and a communication module self-test unit. The power supply status monitoring unit is responsible for monitoring the power supply status of the core equipment for ground resistivity observation, including whether the voltage and current are stable, and whether there are any power outages or abnormal voltage fluctuations. The communication module self-test unit is used to detect the working status of the communication module, including communication signal strength, data transmission rate, and whether it can connect to the network normally. When the communication module malfunctions, such as signal interruption or data transmission error, the unit can detect it in time and attempt to automatically restore communication or issue alarm information to ensure that the data can be transmitted to the central platform in a timely and accurate manner so that maintenance personnel can perform real-time monitoring and analysis.

4. The unmanned intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The video security monitoring module includes a high-definition infrared camera, a motion detection unit, and an audible and visual alarm. The motion detection unit dynamically analyzes real-time images captured by high-definition infrared cameras to accurately identify abnormal moving targets or changes in the images. By setting preset monitoring areas and sensitivity parameters, it can quickly detect whether unauthorized personnel have entered the station, or whether equipment has been moved or damaged. Once an abnormal event that meets preset rules is detected, the module linkage mechanism will be triggered immediately, the audible and visual alarms will be activated simultaneously, and the real-time images of the scene will be pushed to the central platform to ensure that abnormal situations can be detected in a timely manner, buying time for subsequent response and handling.

5. The unmanned intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The IoT data transmission module includes a dual-mode IoT unit, an edge computing gateway, and an encrypted transmission unit; The dual-mode IoT unit ensures the continuity and stability of data transmission and realizes multi-network redundancy switching. This unit is compatible with both 4G / 5G and LoRa network communication modes, monitors the current network signal quality in real time, and automatically switches to the LoRa network to continue data transmission when the 4G / 5G signal in the area where the station is located is poor, unstable or interrupted. After the 4G / 5G signal returns to normal, it can flexibly switch back to the high-speed mobile network to avoid data transmission interruption caused by a single network failure, ensuring that observation data and equipment status data can be continuously uploaded, meeting the reliability requirements of data transmission in unattended scenarios. The encrypted transmission unit ensures the security and integrity of data during transmission, preventing data from being intercepted, tampered with, or leaked. This unit has a built-in SSL / TLS encrypted transmission protocol to encrypt the observation data and equipment status data to be transmitted, converting plaintext data into ciphertext data before transmitting it over the network. After the data arrives at the receiving end, the receiver needs to decrypt it with the corresponding key to obtain the original data. This technically builds a security barrier for data transmission, effectively resisting network attacks during transmission and ensuring the secure transmission of core observation data and equipment information of the station.

6. The unmanned intelligent monitoring system for a ground resistivity observation station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data security processing module includes a local encrypted storage unit, a cloud encrypted server, and a data quality screening unit; The local encrypted storage unit enables local encrypted caching and backup of observation data, ensuring data security and integrity in offline conditions. This unit performs AES-256 encryption on received observation data, device status data, etc., and then stores them in the local storage device to prevent local data from being illegally accessed or stolen. At the same time, it has an offline caching function, which can continuously store newly added data when the network is interrupted to avoid data loss. Once the network is restored to normal, the cached offline data will be automatically synchronized to the cloud to ensure the consistency between local and cloud data, providing basic security and offline fault tolerance for data storage. The data quality screening unit performs quality checks and screenings on the raw data before storage to ensure that the data stored in the system is accurate and effective. This unit uses preset data quality assessment rules to screen the collected environmental parameter data and equipment status data in real time, identify and mark abnormal data that exceeds reasonable range, data with logical errors, or invalid and redundant data. For the problematic data screened out, it can be isolated, alarmed, or automatically corrected according to preset strategies to prevent inferior data from entering the storage system and affecting subsequent data analysis and calibration work. This ensures the quality of data storage from the source and provides support for the accurate application of ground resistivity observation data.

7. The unmanned intelligent monitoring system for a georesistivity observation station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote alarm and maintenance module includes a multi-level alarm unit and a remote control unit; The multi-level alarm unit enables accurate identification, graded response, and timely notification of abnormal situations, ensuring that maintenance personnel can quickly grasp various faults or risks at the station. This unit will connect in real time with abnormal signals generated by the multi-dimensional environmental perception module, observation equipment status monitoring module, IoT data transmission module, and video security monitoring module. The remote control unit undertakes the core function of remote operation and maintenance, reduces on-site operation and maintenance costs, and improves fault response and equipment management efficiency. This unit allows operation and maintenance personnel to remotely operate the observation equipment and sensors in the station through the central platform.

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