LED device including YAG phosphor particles and red light emitting particles

Abstract

The present invention provides a luminophor (2000) comprising first luminescent material particles (2100), second luminescent material particles (2200) and a host host material (700) wherein: (A) the first luminescent material particles (2100) and the second luminescent material particles (2200) are configured to be embedded in the host host material (700); (B) the first luminescent material particles (2100) comprise a first luminescent material (210) of a type wherein A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Th, and Lu, and wherein B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc; (C) the second luminescent material particles (2200) comprise a second particle matrix material (720) and primary particles (2300) comprising a second luminescent material (220), wherein the primary particles (2300) are configured to be embedded in the second particle matrix material (720); wherein the second luminescent material (220) comprises a luminescent material of the type doped with tetravalent manganese, where M'comprises alkaline earth cations, where M comprises alkaline cations, where A comprises tetravalent cations, and where X comprises monovalent anions, at least fluorine (F); and (D) the first luminescent material particles (2100) have a first number average circle-equivalent diameter D1, the second luminescent material particles (2200) have a second number average circle-equivalent diameter D2, and the primary particles (2300) have a third number average circle-equivalent diameter D3, where (i) D3 < = 0.3 D2 and (ii) D3 < = 0.3 D1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a light-emitting body. Additionally, this invention relates to a light-generating system including a light-emitting body. Furthermore, this invention relates to a lighting device including such a light-generating system. Background Technology

[0002] Light emitters including phosphors are known in the art. For example, US2017077360 describes a phosphor-converted white light emitting device comprising a solid-state light emitter (LED) operable to produce blue light in the range of 440 nm to 470 nm; a yellow to green emitting phosphor operable to produce light with a peak emission wavelength in the range of 500 nm to 550 nm; and a red emitting manganese-activated fluoride phosphor, such as a manganese-activated potassium hexafluorosilicate phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn4+). The yellow to green and red emitting phosphors are incorporated as a mixture and dispersed throughout a light-transmitting material having a refractive index or refractive index of 1.40 to 1.43. The device may further include an orange to red emitting phosphor operable to produce light with a peak emission wavelength of 580 nm to 620 nm.

[0003] US 2017 / 077360 A1 discloses a phosphor-converted white light emitting device comprising a solid-state light emitter (LED) operable to generate blue light in the range of 440 nm to 470 nm; a yellow to green emitting phosphor operable to generate light with a peak emission wavelength in the range of 500 nm to 550 nm; and a red emitting manganese-activated fluoride phosphor, such as a manganese-activated potassium hexafluorosilicate phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn4+). The yellow to green and red emitting phosphors are incorporated as a mixture and dispersed throughout a light-transmitting material having a refractive index or refractive index of 1.40 to 1.43. In some embodiments, the light-transmitting layer comprises dimethyl silicone resin. The device may further include an orange to red emitting phosphor operable to generate light with a peak emission wavelength of 580 nm to 620 nm. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To generate light with a suitable color temperature, light emitters can include various types of phosphors, such as yellow and red phosphors. It seems desirable to provide light with a high CRI and / or (early) tunable spectral power distribution. However, prior art solutions may have problems providing a high CRI, an efficient solution, and / or a stable solution. Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an alternative light emitter that preferably further eliminates at least partially one or more of the aforementioned disadvantages. The object of the present invention is to overcome or improve at least one disadvantage of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.

[0005] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a light emitter comprising first light-emitting material particles, second light-emitting material particles, and a main matrix material. In embodiments, the first and second light-emitting material particles may be configured to be embedded in the main matrix material. In embodiments, the first light-emitting material particles may include particles of type [missing information - likely a specific type of material]. The first luminescent material. In such embodiments, A may specifically include one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, while B may include one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second luminescent material particles may include a second particle matrix material. Additionally, in embodiments, the second luminescent material particles may include primary particles having the second luminescent material. In embodiments, the primary particles may be configured to be embedded in the second particle matrix material. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second luminescent material may include a material doped with tetravalent manganese. This type of luminescent material. In such embodiments, M' may particularly include alkaline earth cations, M may include basic cations, A may include tetravalent cations, and X may include monovalent anions. In specific embodiments, the monovalent anion may include at least fluorine (F). In embodiments, the first luminescent material particle may have a first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1. Conversely, the second luminescent material particle may have a second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2. Furthermore, in embodiments, the primary particle may have a third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3. In embodiments, the primary particle may have a third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3 that is smaller than the second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2, for example, D3 ≤ 0.3. D2 (e.g., D3≤0.2) D2). Additionally or alternatively, the primary particles may have a third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3 that is smaller than the first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1, such as D3 ≤ 0.3. D1 (e.g., D3≤0.2) D2). Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a light emitter comprising first light-emitting material particles, second light-emitting material particles, and a main matrix material, wherein: (A) the first light-emitting material particles and the second light-emitting material particles are configured to be embedded in the main matrix material; (B) the first light-emitting material particles comprise A first luminescent material of type A, wherein A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc; (C) second luminescent material particles comprising a second particle matrix material and primary particles comprising the second luminescent material, wherein the primary particles are configured to be embedded in the second particle matrix material; wherein the second luminescent material comprises tetravalent manganese doped with... A type of luminescent material, wherein M' comprises an alkaline earth cation, wherein M comprises a basic cation, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, and wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, including at least fluorine (F); and (D) the first luminescent material particles have a first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1, the second luminescent material particles have a second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2, and the primary particles have a third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3, wherein the following applies: (i) D3 ≤ 0.3 D2 and (ii) D3 ≤ 0.3 D1.

[0006] This type of luminescent material can provide at least two luminescent materials in a single element. Therefore, combining such a luminescent material with a (blue) light source can promote the generation of white light without the need for an additional luminescent material or light source. Furthermore, embedding (relatively) small primary particles within a second particle matrix material comprising the second luminescent material particles can provide first and second luminescent material particles of approximately equal size. This configuration provides a uniform distribution of the first and second luminescent material particles in the main matrix material, and thus a uniform distribution of the first and second luminescent materials. Moreover, this solution provides a relatively stable solution. However, this solution can provide high CRI light in a relatively efficient manner.

[0007] Therefore, in an embodiment, the light emitter may include a first light-emitting particle. In an embodiment, the first light-emitting material particle may include a three-dimensional particle having dimensions of a (first) length L1, a (first) width W1, and a (first) height H1. In an embodiment, the first length L1 may be defined as equal to or greater than the first width W1 and greater than the first height H1; that is, the first length L1 may be the largest dimension. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the first particle may have a first number of average equivalent circle diameters D1.

[0008] The equivalent sphere diameter (or ESD) of an (irregularly shaped) object is the diameter of a sphere with an equivalent volume. Therefore, the equivalent sphere diameter (ESD) of a cube with side 'a' is: If a sphere of diameter D in the xyz coordinate system is deformed into any other shape (in the xyz plane) without changing its volume, then the equivalent diameter of that sphere is D. The equivalent circle diameter (or ECD) (or "circular equivalent diameter") of an irregular two-dimensional shape is the diameter of a circle with equal area. For example, the equivalent circle diameter of a square with side a is... For a circle, the diameter D is the same as the equivalent circle diameter D. If a circle with diameter D in the xy-plane is deformed into any other shape (in the xy-plane) without changing its area, then the equivalent circle diameter of that shape will be D. In an embodiment, the first number-average equivalent circle diameter can be determined by dividing the sum of the first equivalent circle diameters of all the first luminescent material particles in the luminescent body by the number of the first luminescent material particles; that is, for a luminescent body comprising N first luminescent material particles, the first number-average equivalent circle diameter can be determined by... The first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1 can be in the range of 5-50 μm, for example, in the range of 7-45 μm, particularly in the range of 10-40 μm. Additionally or alternatively, the first length L1 can be selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, in the range of 7-45 μm, particularly in the range of 10-40 μm. Furthermore, the first width W1 can be selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, in the range of 7-45 μm, particularly in the range of 10-40 μm. Furthermore, in the embodiment, the first height H1 can be selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, in the range of 7-45 μm, particularly in the range of 10-40 μm. Therefore, in the embodiment, the first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1, the first length L1, the first width W1, and the first height H1 can each be individually selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, in the range of 7-45 μm, particularly in the range of 10-40 μm. In embodiments where L1=W1=H1, the first luminescent material particles may include a (substantially) spherical shape. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1, the first length L1, the first width W1, and the first height H1 may be individually selected from the range of 5-50 μm for each of the first luminescent material particles. In embodiments, the first length L1 and the first width W1 may define the aspect ratio AR1 of the first luminescent particle. Specifically, the first aspect ratio AR1 may be provided by AR1=L1 / W1. In embodiments, the first aspect ratio AR1 may be selected from the range of 1-3, for example, the range of 1-2.5, particularly the range of 1-2.

[0009] In an embodiment, the second luminescent material particle may similarly comprise a three-dimensional particle having dimensions of (second) length L2, (second) width W2, and (second) height H2. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the second luminescent particle may have a second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2. In an embodiment, the second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2 may be selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, the range of 7-45 μm, particularly the range of 10-40 μm. Additionally or alternatively, the second length L2 may be selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, the range of 7-45 μm, particularly the range of 10-40 μm. Furthermore, the second width W3 may be selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, the range of 7-45 μm, particularly the range of 10-40 μm. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the second height H2 may be selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, the range of 7-45 μm, particularly the range of 10-40 μm. Therefore, in embodiments, the second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2, the second length L2, the second width W2, and the second height H2 can each be individually selected from the range of 5-50 μm, for example, the range of 7-45 μm, particularly the range of 10-40 μm. In embodiments where L2=W2=H2, the second luminescent material particles can particularly include a spherical shape. Furthermore, in embodiments, for each second luminescent material particle, the second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2, the second length L2, the second width W2, and the second height H2 can each be individually selected from the range of 5-50 μm. In embodiments, the second length L2 and the second width W2 can define a second aspect ratio AR2 for the second luminescent material particle. In embodiments, the second aspect ratio AR2 can be selected from the range of 1-15, for example, the range of 1-10, particularly the range of 1-5. In embodiments where AR2≥2 or AR2≥3, the second luminescent material particles can particularly have an elongated shape.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second luminescent material particle may be smaller than the first luminescent material particle, i.e., D2 / D1 ≤ 1. However, in another embodiment, the second luminescent material particle may be larger than the first luminescent material particle, i.e., D2 / D1 ≥ 1. Specifically, in another embodiment, 0.2 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 5, for example, 0.3 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 3.5, particularly 0.5 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 2, and even more particularly 0.8 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 1.2. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, 0.5 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 2. This size ratio between the first and second luminescent material particles can promote uniform mixing of the luminescent material particles. Furthermore, this size ratio can promote uniform dispersion of the luminescent material particles in the luminescent body.

[0011] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material particle may have a different aspect ratio AR than the first luminescent material particle. Specifically, compared to the first luminescent material particle, the second luminescent material particle may have a more elongated shape. In the embodiments, AR2≥2 AR1, for example, AR2≥5 AR1, especially AR2 ≥ 10 AR1. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material particle may have a first aspect ratio AR1, and the second luminescent material particle may have a second aspect ratio AR2 and AR2≥2. AR1. A higher second aspect ratio AR2 of the second luminescent material particles compared to the first aspect ratio AR1 of the first luminescent material particles can provide the desired light effect. For example, second luminescent material particles with an elongated shape can promote color effects at an angle when illuminated. In such embodiments, the second luminescent material particles can be configured to be oriented within the luminescent body, i.e., on average, the elongated axes of the second luminescent material particles can be configured to be parallel to each other. This oriented configuration can be facilitated by a floating effect, wherein the second luminescent material particles can migrate to a first side of the luminescent body (see below), where they themselves can be oriented parallel to the first side of the luminescent body. In embodiments, the floating effect can be facilitated by specific sizes of the second luminescent material particles, such as AR2≥2 and W2≥2. H1, that is, the second luminescent material particles can in particular have an elongated and / or flattened shape. In an embodiment, since the light source beam can have a longer optical path length through the second luminescent material particles when the second luminescent material particles are longitudinally oriented relative to the light beam, the coupled light in this configuration can include more (red) converted light and less (blue) light from the light source. Thus, the longitudinal orientation of the second luminescent material particles relative to the light beam can be achieved only at certain (observation and / or illumination) angles of the light beam relative to the luminescent body, so the color of the light can change with the change of the observation and / or illumination angle.

[0012] Returning to the size of the luminescent material particles, the second luminescent material particles may include primary particles in the embodiments. Specifically, the primary particles may be configured to be embedded within a second particle matrix material (composed of the second luminescent material particles). Furthermore, the primary particles may be three-dimensional particles comprising a (third) length L3, a (third) width W3, and a (third) height H3. Additionally, in the embodiments, the primary particles may have a third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3. In the embodiments, the third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3 may be selected from the range of 1-15 μm, for example, the range of 1-12 μm, particularly the range of 1-10 μm. Additionally or alternatively, in the embodiments, the third length L3, the third width W3, and the third height H3 may each be selected from the range of 1-15 μm, for example, the range of 1-12 μm, particularly the range of 1-10 μm. In embodiments where L3=W3=H3, the primary particles may particularly comprise spheres. Furthermore, in the embodiments, for each primary particle, the third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3, the third length L3, the third width W3, and the third height H3 can be individually selected from the range of 1-15 μm. In the embodiments, the third length L3 and the third width W3 can define the third aspect ratio AR3 of the primary particle. In the embodiments, the third aspect ratio AR3 can be selected from the range of 1-3, for example, the range of 1-2.5, particularly the range of 1-2.

[0013] In this embodiment, the primary particles can be smaller than the first luminescent material particles, i.e., D3 ≤ D1. Specifically, in this embodiment, D3 ≤ 0.3. D1, for example, D3≤0.2 D1, especially D3≤0.1 D1. Alternatively, in the embodiments, D3 ≥ 0.01 D1, for example, D3≥0.02 D1, especially D3 ≥ 0.05 D1. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the primary particles can be smaller than the second luminescent material particles, i.e., D3 ≤ D2. Specifically, in this embodiment, D3 ≤ 0.3. D2, for example, D3≤0.2 D2, especially D3≤0.1 D2. Alternatively, in the embodiments, D3 ≥ 0.01 D2, for example, D3≥0.02 D2, especially D3 ≥ 0.05 D2. Compared to the first and / or second luminescent material particles, these relatively small primary particles can facilitate efficient light extraction.

[0014] Particle size can be determined using methods known in the art, such as one or more of optical microscopy, SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and TEM (transmission electron microscopy). As is known in the art, the size can be number-averaged. Therefore, particles can be substantially identical, but they can also differ from one another, for example, two or more sets of particles where particles within subsets are substantially identical. Particles can have a unimodal or multimodal particle size distribution. From the measured size, the equivalent diameter can be determined.

[0015] As indicated, the first luminescent particles can be configured to be embedded in a host matrix material. In embodiments, the host matrix material may therefore include the first luminescent particles. In particular, the host matrix material may include first luminescent particles with a concentration of C1. Here, concentration C1 specifically refers to the v / v% concentration of the first luminescent particles (volume) relative to a first volume V1. In embodiments, the first volume V1 may be a combined volume of (i) the host matrix material, (ii) the first luminescent particles, (iii) the second luminescent particles, and (optionally) (iv) the third luminescent material (see below). In embodiments, the first volume V1 may be substantially equal to the volume of the luminescent body. However, in embodiments, for example when the luminescent body includes a support, the first volume V1 may be smaller than the volume of the luminescent body. In embodiments, the host matrix material may therefore include first luminescent particles with a concentration of C1. In embodiments, the first luminescent particle concentration C1 (relative to the first volume V1) may be selected from the range of 0.1-35% (v / v%), for example, the range of 0.5-30% (v / v%), particularly the range of 1-25% (v / v%). Furthermore, in the embodiments, the first luminescent particle concentration C1 (relative to the first volume V1) can be selected from the range of 2-20% (v / v%), for example, the range of 3-18% (v / v%), and particularly the range of 4-15% (v / v%).

[0016] Furthermore, in an embodiment, the main matrix material may include second luminescent material particles with a second luminescent material particle concentration C2 (relative to the first volume V1). In an embodiment, the second luminescent material particle concentration C2 may be equal to the first luminescent particle concentration C1, where C2 = C1. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material particle concentration C2 may differ from the first luminescent particle concentration C1, for example, 0.25. C1≤C2≤4 C1, especially 0.3 C1≤C2≤3 C1, especially 0.5 C1≤C2≤2 C1. Specifically, in the embodiments, the concentration of the second luminescent material particles C2 can be higher than the concentration of the first luminescent particles C1, for example, C2 ≥ 1.25. C1, especially C2 ≥ 1.5 C1, and more particularly C2 ≥ 1.75 C1. Further, in the embodiments, C2 ≤ 3.5 C1, for example, C2≤3.25 C1, especially C2≤3 C1. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the second luminescent particle concentration C2 (relative to the first volume V1) may be selected from the range of 0.1-40% (v / v%), for example, the range of 0.5-30% (v / v%), particularly the range of 1-25% (v / v%). Specifically, in embodiments, the second luminescent particle concentration C2 (relative to the first volume V1) may be selected from the range of 4-40% (v / v%), for example, the range of 5-30% (v / v%), particularly the range of 6-25% (v / v%).

[0017] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the matrix material may include (relative to the first volume V1) a (combined) concentration C of luminescent material particles. 1+2 The first luminescent material particles and the second luminescent material particles. In an embodiment, the concentration C of the (combined) luminescent material particles (relative to the first volume V1) is... 1+2 It can be selected from the range of 1-60% (v / v%), such as the range of 2-40% (v / v%), and especially the range of 3-30% (v / v%).

[0018] In this embodiment, the second luminescent material particles may include primary particles. In this embodiment, the primary particles may have a primary particle concentration C within the second luminescent material particles. p Specifically, the second luminescent material particles may include primary particles with a concentration of C. p Primary particles, where the primary particle concentration C p Specifically, it can refer to the v / v% concentration (volume) of primary particles relative to the total volume of the second luminescent material particles. In the embodiments, the primary particle concentration C (relative to the volume of the second luminescent material particles) is... p It can be selected from the range of 2-60% (v / v%), for example, the range of 5-50% (v / v%), and particularly the range of 10-40% (v / v%). In the examples, the primary particle concentration C p It can be higher than the (combined) luminescent particle concentration C 1+2 That is, the concentration of primary particles in the second luminescent material particles can be higher than the (combined) concentration of the first and second luminescent material particles in the main matrix material. Specifically, in the embodiments, C p ≥C 1+2 For example, C p ≥2 C1+2 Especially C p ≥3 C 1+2 Furthermore, in the embodiments, C p ≤15 C 1+2 For example, C p ≤12 C 1+2 Especially C p ≤10 C 1+2 .

[0019] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the second luminescent material particles may include a primary particle concentration C. p Primary particles are selected from the range of 10-40% (v / v%); furthermore, the main matrix material may include first luminescent material particles at a first luminescent material particle concentration C1 and second luminescent material particles at a second luminescent material particle concentration C2, wherein the luminescent material particle concentration C... 1+2 It can be selected from the range of 3-30% (v / v%); wherein in Example C2, ≥1.5 C1; and in the embodiments, C p It is ≥C 1+2 The concentration of primary particles, first luminescent material particles, and second luminescent material particles can contribute to the distribution of light absorption (from the light source) over a relatively large optical path length. Therefore, this luminescent body can provide thermal management. Furthermore, the concentration C of the (combined) luminescent material particles is selected from the range of 3-30% (v / v%). 1+2 It can promote the coupling out of (unconverted) light from the source. In cases where the light source includes blue light, this luminescent body can promote the coupling out of white light.

[0020] In embodiments, the host matrix material may include an optically transparent material. Hereinafter, the term "optically transparent" means that the material is transmissive to one or more wavelengths selected from the 190-1500 nm range, for example, for one or more wavelengths selected from the 200-1000 nm range, particularly for one or more wavelengths selected from the 380-780 nm range. In embodiments, the host matrix material may include an optically transparent (crosslinked) polymer material. Specifically, the host matrix material may include materials selected from glass, polycarbonate (PC), (transparent) polyvinyl chloride (PVC), liquid silicone rubber (LSR), cyclic olefin copolymers (COC), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), styrene-methyl methacrylate (SMMA), polysiloxanes, and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). In embodiments, the host matrix material may therefore include crosslinked polysiloxanes, for example selected from the group consisting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethylphenylsiloxane (PMPS), and polydimethylphenylsiloxane (PDPS), particularly PDMS.

[0021] Furthermore, in embodiments, the second particulate matrix material may include an optically transparent material. In embodiments, the second particulate matrix material may include a sol-gel particle matrix. The term "sol-gel particle" is known to those skilled in the art and may refer to particles produced using a sol-gel method. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second particulate matrix material may include an optically transparent (crosslinked) polymer material. Specifically, the second particulate matrix material may include materials selected from glass, PC, (transparent) PVC, LSR, COC, FEP, SMMA, polysiloxane, and PMMA. Specifically, in embodiments, the second particulate matrix material may include crosslinked polysiloxane. Therefore, in specific embodiments, one or more of the main matrix material and the second particulate matrix material may include crosslinked polysiloxane. Crosslinked polysiloxane provides thermal stability and therefore does not degrade or react under the operating conditions of the light-generating system. Furthermore, crosslinked polysiloxane provides long-term optical transparency and does not discolor under (high-intensity) light irradiation. Additionally, crosslinked polysiloxane can facilitate the shaping of the light emitter into various shapes using suitable molds.

[0022] In an embodiment, the second particulate matrix material may have a refractive index n. p In the embodiment, the refractive index n p The range can be selected from 1.1 to 2.3, for example, from 1.2 to 2.0, and particularly from 1.3 to 1.7. Additionally, in embodiments, the host matrix material can have a refractive index n. m In the embodiment, the refractive index n mIt can be selected from 1.1-2.3, for example 1.2-2.0, especially 1.3-1.7. Furthermore, in the embodiments, the refractive index n of the second particle matrix material... p It can be higher than the refractive index n of the host matrix material. m Therefore, in the embodiment, n p ≥n m For example, n p ≥1.2 n m Especially n p ≥1.5 n m Furthermore, in the embodiments, n p ≤3 n m For example, n p ≤2.5 n m Especially n p ≤2 n m Alternatively, in an embodiment, n p ≤n m For example, n p ≤0.95 n m Especially n p ≤0.9 n m .

[0023] Furthermore, in embodiments, the primary particles (including the second luminescent material) may have a refractive index n1. In embodiments, the refractive index n1 may be selected from the range of 1.0-2.0, for example, the range of 1.2-1.5, particularly the range of 1.3-1.4. Specifically, in embodiments, the refractive index n1 may be selected from the range of 1.32-1.36. Furthermore, in embodiments, the refractive index n... p It can be higher than the refractive index n1. Therefore, in the embodiments, n p ≥n1, for example, n p ≥1.2 n1, especially n p ≥1.5 n1. Furthermore, in the embodiments, n p ≤3 n1, for example n p ≤2.5 n1, especially n p ≤2 n1. Alternatively, in the embodiments, n p ≤n1, for example, n p ≤0.95 n1, especially n p ≤0.9 n1. Therefore, in specific embodiments, one or more of the following can be applied: (a) the refractive index n of the second particle matrix material. p It can be higher than the refractive index n of the host matrix material. m (b) The refractive index n of the second particle matrix material p It can be higher than the refractive index n of the primary particles, including the second luminescent material. p This configuration of the material (having this refractive index) can facilitate the light coupling out of the luminescent body from one or more of the first and second luminescent materials.

[0024] In embodiments, the first luminescent material particles may include a first luminescent material, and the primary particles may include a second luminescent material. Embodiments of luminescent materials are provided below. Note that the general term "luminescent material" may refer to one or more of the first, second, and third luminescent materials (see below), for example, all of them. Specifically, in embodiments, embodiments of the general term "luminescent material" may apply to one or more of the first, second, and third luminescent materials, for example, all of them. The term "luminescent material" specifically refers to a material that can convert one or more of a first radiation, particularly UV radiation and blue radiation, into a second radiation. Typically, the first and second radiations have different spectral power distributions. Therefore, instead of the term "luminescent material," the terms "luminescent converter" or "converter" may also be used. Typically, the second radiation has a larger spectral power distribution than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called down-conversion. However, in specific embodiments, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution with intensity at wavelengths smaller than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called up-conversion. In embodiments, "luminescent material" may specifically refer to a material that can convert radiation into, for example, visible light and / or infrared light. For example, in one embodiment, the luminescent material is capable of converting one or more of UV radiation and blue radiation into visible light. In a specific embodiment, the luminescent material can also convert radiation into infrared radiation (IR). Therefore, when excited by radiation, the luminescent material can emit radiation. Typically, the luminescent material will be a down-converter, that is, radiation with a shorter wavelength is converted into radiation with a longer wavelength (λ). ex <λ em Although in specific embodiments, the luminescent material may include an up-converter luminescent material, i.e., radiation with a larger wavelength is converted into radiation with a smaller wavelength (λ). ex >λ emIn embodiments, the term "luminescence" may refer to phosphorescence. In embodiments, the term "luminescence" may also refer to fluorescence. Instead of the term "luminescence," the terms "luminescent material light" or "emission" may also be used. Therefore, the terms "first radiation" and "second radiation" may refer to excitation radiation and emission (radiation), respectively. Similarly, the term "luminescent material" in embodiments may refer to phosphorescence and / or fluorescence. The term "luminescent material" may also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials. Examples of possible luminescent materials are shown below. Therefore, the term "luminescent material" in specific embodiments may also refer to a luminescent material composition. The term "phosphorescent" may also be used instead of the term "luminescent material." These terms are known to those skilled in the art.

[0025] In embodiments, the luminescent material may be selected from garnet and nitrides, particularly those doped with trivalent cerium or divalent europium, respectively. The term "nitride" may also refer to nitrogen oxides or nitrogen silicates, etc. Alternatively or additionally, (multiple) luminescent materials may be selected from silicates, particularly silicates doped with divalent europium. In embodiments, the luminescent body may include a third luminescent material. In embodiments, the third luminescent material may be included in the second luminescent particles. Additionally or alternatively, the main matrix material may include the third luminescent particles. In embodiments, the third luminescent particles may include an oxynitride luminescent material having divalent europium. Furthermore, in embodiments, the third luminescent material may include a nitride luminescent material having divalent europium. In specific embodiments, the third luminescent material may be selected from luminescent materials having divalent europium and nitride luminescent materials having divalent europium. Therefore, in specific embodiments, the main matrix material may include the third luminescent material, wherein the third luminescent material may be selected from oxynitride luminescent materials including divalent europium and nitride luminescent materials including divalent europium.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the luminescent material may include at least: The luminescent material is of the type wherein A in the embodiments comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, particularly (at least) one or more of Y, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B in the embodiments comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc. In particular, A may comprise one or more of Y, Gd and Lu, for example, particularly one or more of Y and Lu. Specifically, B may comprise one or more of Al and Ga, more particularly comprising at least Al, such as substantially entirely comprising Al. Therefore, a particularly suitable luminescent material is cerium-containing garnet material. Embodiments of garnet particularly include... Garnet, wherein A comprises at least yttrium or lutetium, and wherein B comprises at least aluminum. This garnet may be doped with cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), or a combination of cerium and praseodymium; however, it is particularly doped with Ce. Specifically, B may comprise aluminum (Al); however, in addition to aluminum, B may also partially comprise gallium (Ga) and / or scandium (Sc) and / or indium (In), particularly up to about 20% B, more particularly up to about 10% B (i.e., the B ions are essentially composed of more than 90 mol% Al and less than 10 mol% of one or more of Ga, Sc, and In); B may particularly comprise up to about 10% gallium. In another variant, B and O may be at least partially replaced by Si and N. Element A may be particularly selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), and lutetium (Lu). Furthermore, Gd and / or Tb are present specifically only in amounts up to about 20% of A. In a specific embodiment, the garnet luminescent material comprises , where x is equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1. The term ":Ce" indicates that a portion of the metal ions in the luminescent material (i.e., in garnet, a portion of the "A" ions) is replaced by Ce. For example, in In this case, a portion of Y and / or Lu is replaced by Ce. This is known to those skilled in the art. Ce will generally replace no more than 10% of A; typically, the Ce concentration is in the range of 0.1%–4% (relative to A), particularly 0.1%–2%. Assuming 1% Ce and 10% Y, the perfectly correct molecular formula could be... Ce in garnet is essentially or only in the trivalent state, as is known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] In the embodiments, the luminescent material (therefore) includes In a specific embodiment, up to 10% of BO can be replaced by Si-N. In this document, B in BO refers to one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc (and O refers to oxygen); in a specific embodiment, BO may refer to Al-O. As mentioned above, in a specific embodiment, x3 can be selected from the range of 0.001-0.04. In particular, such a luminescent material can have a suitable spectral distribution (see below), relatively high efficiency, relatively high thermal stability, and allow for high CRI (alternatively, in combination with light from other light sources as described herein). Therefore, in a specific embodiment, A can be selected from the group consisting of Lu and Gd. Alternatively or additionally, B may include Ga. Therefore, in an embodiment, the luminescent material comprises... Where Lu and / or Gd are available. Even more specifically, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001-0.1, where , and among them Furthermore, in specific embodiments, up to 1% of BO can be replaced by Si-N. In this document, percentages refer to molar numbers (as known in the art); see also, for example, EP3149108. In yet another specific embodiment, the luminescent material comprises… Where x1 + x3 = 1, and where For example, 0.001-0.1.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the light-generating device may comprise only a luminescent material selected from garnets containing cerium. In a further specific embodiment, the light-generating device comprises a single type of luminescent material, such as... Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light-generating device includes a light-emitting material, wherein at least 85% by weight, and even more particularly at least about 90 wt.%, such as at least about 95% by weight of the light-emitting material includes In this paper, A' comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of the lanthanides, and B' comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, and Sc, where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, x3 > 0, and so on. , where y1+y2=1, where Specifically, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.1. Note that in the embodiment, x2 = 0. Alternatively or additionally, in the embodiment, y2 = 0.

[0029] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the first luminescent material may include, for example, Luminescent materials, among which Where x4' can be selected from the range of 0.001-0.1. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first luminescent material may include at least two types. luminescent materials, such as at least and In such an embodiment, the first luminescent material may include a primary first luminescent material, such as... ,in Where 0.001 ≤ x4' ≤ 0.1, where A' includes one or more of La, Gd, and Tb, and where B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first luminescent material may include a secondary first luminescent material, such as... ,in ,in ,in Where A' includes one or more of La, Gd, and Tb, and where B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. In an embodiment, the secondary first luminescent material may therefore include more Lu than the first luminescent material by molar weight. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the primary first luminescent material may include more Y than the secondary first luminescent material by molar weight, x1'>x1''. In an embodiment, x2' may be equal to zero. Furthermore, in an embodiment, one or more of x2', x3', and x3'' may be equal to zero. In an embodiment, x4' may be equal to x4''. However, in an embodiment, x4' may be different from x4'', where (both) x4' and x4'' may each be selected from the range of 0.001-0.1. Therefore, in an embodiment, the first luminescent material may include, for example, (in Primary first luminescent materials and such as (in The secondary primary luminescent material, of which And in a specific embodiment, x2'=0. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material may include... At least two luminescent materials of type, wherein: (a) according to mole, the primary first luminescent material of this type may include more Y than the secondary first luminescent material of this type, and (b) according to mole, the secondary first luminescent material of this type may include more Lu than the primary first luminescent material of this type.

[0030] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the first luminescent material may include, for example, The luminescent material, wherein x1, x2, x3, y1, and y2 are as defined above. Specifically, in the embodiments, x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x1 ≥ 0.5. Furthermore, in the embodiments, the first luminescent material may include at least two types of... luminescent materials, such as at least and( In such an embodiment, the first luminescent material may include a primary first luminescent material, such as... Where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x1 ≥ 0.5, where A' includes one or more of La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and where B' includes one or more of Ga, In, and Sc. Furthermore, in such embodiments, the first luminescent material may include a secondary first luminescent material, such as... Where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x1 ≥ 0.5, where A' includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, and Tb, and where B' includes Y greater than Lu among Ga, In, and Sc. Conversely, the secondary luminescent material may include more Lu than Y by molar. In particular, the primary first luminescent material may include more Y than the secondary first luminescent material by molar, and the secondary first luminescent material may include more Lu than the primary first luminescent material by molar. Note that in the embodiments, x2 = 0, and the primary first luminescent material may be (substantially) composed of Composed of, where x1 + x3 = 1. Similarly, the secondary primary luminescent material can be (essentially) composed of... The composition is such that x1 + x3 = 1. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material may include a material of type [missing information]. At least two luminescent materials, wherein: (a) the primary first luminescent material of this type may include more Y than Lu by molar measurement, and (b) the secondary first luminescent material of this type may include more Lu than Y by molar measurement. This composition of the first luminescent material can provide a wider spectral power distribution of the first luminescent material light. For example, the primary first luminescent material can be configured to provide primary first luminescent material light, and the secondary first luminescent material can be configured to provide secondary first luminescent material light, wherein the centroid wavelength of the primary first luminescent material light can be greater than the centroid wavelength of the secondary first luminescent material light.

[0031] In embodiments, the first luminescent material may comprise at least 10 wt.%, for example, at least 25 wt.%, particularly at least 40 wt.%, of a primary first luminescent material. Conversely, the first luminescent material may comprise at least 10 wt.%, for example, at least 25 wt.%, particularly at least 40 wt.%, of a secondary first luminescent material. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first luminescent material may comprise at most 90 wt.%, for example, at most 75 wt.%, particularly at most 60 wt.%, of a primary first luminescent material. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the first luminescent material may comprise at most 90 wt.%, for example, at most 75 wt.%, particularly at most 60 wt.%, of a secondary first luminescent material.

[0032] Returning to a general embodiment of a luminescent material, the luminescent material may include types of The luminescent material, wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, such as including one or more of La and Y in the embodiments. In the embodiments, the luminescent material may alternatively or additionally include one or more of the following: and / or and / or and / or The luminescent material includes one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca, particularly including at least Sr in the embodiments. Therefore, in the embodiments, the luminescent material may include materials selected from... and One or more of the materials constituting the group. In these compounds, europium (Eu) is essentially or solely divalent and substitutes for one or more of the specified divalent cations. Typically, Eu will not be present in an amount greater than 10% of the cation; its presence relative to the substituted cation will be particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 10%, and even more particularly in the range of about 0.5% to 5%. The term ":Eu" indicates that a portion of the metal ion is substituted by Eu (in these embodiments, Eu is substituted for Eu). 2+ (Alternative). For example, suppose It contains 2% Eu, and the correct molecular formula can be: Divalent europium often substitutes for divalent cations, such as the aforementioned divalent alkaline earth cations, particularly Ca, Sr, or Ba. Materials It can also be represented as MS:Eu, where M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium, in the compound. In this document, Eu is introduced and substitutes for at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). Furthermore, the materials... It can also be expressed as M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes Sr and / or Ba in the compound. In another specific embodiment, M consists of Sr and / or Ba (without regard to the presence of Eu), particularly 50-100%, more particularly 50-90% Ba and 50-0%, particularly 50-10% Sr, such as... (i.e., 75% Ba; 25% Sr). In this paper, Eu is introduced to replace at least a portion of M, i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca. Similarly, the materials... It can also be expressed as M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), and calcium (Ca); in particular, M includes calcium or strontium, or calcium and strontium, more particularly calcium, in the compound. In this document, Eu is introduced and replaces at least a portion of M (i.e., one or more of Ba, Sr, and Ca). As is known to those skilled in the art, Eu in the above-described luminescent materials is substantially or only in a divalent state. The term "luminescent material" as used herein refers particularly to inorganic luminescent materials. Alternatively or additionally, other luminescent materials may also be applied. For example, quantum dots and / or organic dyes may be applied and alternatively embedded in a transmission matrix, such as polymers like PMMA or polysiloxanes.

[0033] In the embodiments, the luminescent material may include a type doped with tetravalent manganese. The luminescent material, wherein M' comprises an alkaline earth cation, M comprises a basic cation, and x can be selected from the range of 0-1, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, such as one or more of silicon and titanium, and wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, at least fluorine. This luminescent material can also be represented as "KSiF" or "KSF", regardless of whether M comprises K or one or more other basic cations. Doped with tetravalent manganese... The type of luminescent material is particularly described in WO2013121355A1, which is incorporated herein by reference. The paragraph from WO2013121355A1 is also reproduced herein. In this document, materials doped with tetravalent manganese... It can also be simply referred to as "phosphor," which is the phrase "including those doped with tetravalent manganese." In one embodiment, the "phosphor" can also be understood as being doped with tetravalent manganese. Phosphors, or (tetravalent) manganese-doped Phosphor, or simply "phosphor". The relevant alkaline earth cation (M') is magnesium (Mg), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), and barium (Ba), particularly one or more of Sr and Ba. The relevant basic cation (M) is sodium (Na), potassium (K), and rubidium (Rb). Optionally, lithium (Li) and / or cesium (Cs) may also be used. In a preferred embodiment, M comprises at least potassium. In yet another embodiment, M comprises at least rubidium. The phrase "wherein M comprises at least potassium" means, for example, in molar... Of all the M cations, some include K. + And optionally, the remaining portion includes one or more other monovalent (basic) cations (see also below). In another preferred embodiment, M includes at least potassium and rubidium. Optionally, The luminescent material has a hexagonal phase. In yet another embodiment, The luminescent material has a cubic phase. In one embodiment, a combination of different basic cations can be used. In yet another embodiment, a combination of different alkaline earth cations can be used. In still another embodiment, a combination of one or more basic cations and one or more alkaline earth cations can be used. For example, it can be used... As mentioned above, x can be selected from the range of 0-1, especially x≤1. In a specific embodiment, x=0.

[0034] The term "tetravalent manganese" refers to Mn 4+ This is a well-known luminescent ion. In the molecular formula described above, a portion of the tetravalent cation A (e.g., Si) is replaced by manganese. Therefore, doped with tetravalent manganese... It can also be expressed as The molar percentage of manganese, i.e., the percentage of its substitution for tetravalent cation A, is typically 0.1-15%, particularly 1-12%, i.e., m is 0.001-0.15, particularly 0.01-0.12.

[0035] A comprises a tetravalent cation, and preferably comprises at least silicon. A may optionally (also) comprise one or more of titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn). Preferably, at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90%, for example at least 95%, of M is composed of silicon. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, It can also be described as Where m and x are as described above, and where t, g, s, zr are each preferably individually in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05, where t+g+s+zr may be less than 1, particularly equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05, and where A is particularly Si. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0036] As mentioned above, M relates to a monovalent cation, but preferably includes at least potassium and / or rubidium. Other monovalent cations that M may further include are lithium (Li), sodium (Na), cesium (Cs), and ammonium (NH4+). 4+ The group consists of potassium and / or rubidium. In one embodiment, preferably at least 80% (i.e., 80% of all moles of type M), even more preferably at least 90%, for example 95% of M, is composed of potassium and / or rubidium. In particular, in these embodiments, x is therefore zero.

[0037] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, It can also be described as Where r is in the range of 0-1, and l, n, c, nh are each preferably independently in the range of 0-1, preferably 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05, and where r+l+n+c+nh is in the range of 0-1, particularly l+n+c+nh is less than 1, particularly equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0038] As described above, one or more alkaline earth cations may be present in addition to (multiple) basic cations. Therefore, in one specific embodiment, It can also be described as Where k, r, l, n, c, and nh are each independently in the range of 0-1, and mg, ca, sr, and ba are each independently in the range of 0-1, and mg+ca+sr+ba+k+r+l+n+c+nh=1. In the embodiment, k=1, and the others (mg, ca, sr, ba, r, l, n, c, nh) are zero.

[0039] As described above, X relates to a monovalent anion, but includes at least fluorine. Other optional monovalent anions may be selected from the group consisting of chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I). Preferably, at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90%, for example 95%, of X is composed of fluorine. Therefore, in one specific embodiment, It can also be described as Wherein, cl, b, and i are each independently preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, and even more particularly 0-0.05, and wherein cl+b+i is less than 1, particularly equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, and even more particularly 0-0.05. In particular, X is essentially composed of F (fluorine).

[0040] therefore, It can also be described as The values ​​of r, l, n, c, nh, m, t, g, s, zr, cl, b, and i are as described above. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0041] Even more specifically, It can also be described as Where k, r, l, n, c, nh are each independently in the range of 0-1, where mg, ca, sr, ba are each independently in the range of 0-1, where mg+ca+sr+ba+k+r+l+n+c+nh=1, and the values ​​of m, t, g, s, zr, cl, b, i are as described above. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0042] In one embodiment, This includes K2SiF6 (also referred to herein as the KSiF system). As described above, in another preferred embodiment, This includes KRbSiF6 (i.e., r = 0.5 and l, n, c, nh, t, g, s, zr, cl, b, i = 0) (also referred to as the K, Rb system in this paper). As mentioned above, some silicon is replaced by manganese (i.e., the molecular formula can also be described as...). or Where m is as described above, or is described as and (Separately). Because manganese substitutes for a portion of the main lattice ions and has specific functions, it is also referred to as a "dopant" or "activator". Therefore, hexafluorosilicates are made with manganese (Mn). 4+ Doping or activation. In the following text, Also expressed as In a specific embodiment, the instruction is... Can refer to and ,For example , and One or more of them. In an embodiment, the second luminescent material may include Furthermore, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material may include... In a specific embodiment, the second luminescent material may particularly include Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, the second luminescent material may include From the above, it can be concluded that "Si, Ti" can represent one or more of Si and Ti. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the second luminescent material may include... and One or more of them. It can also be coated with luminescent materials, as described in WO2013121355A1.

[0043] Specifically, the light-emitting body may include a luminescent material. The light-emitting body may be a layer, such as a self-supporting layer. The light-emitting body may also be a coating. The light-emitting body may also include a luminescent coating on a support (particularly a light-transmitting support in a transmission mode, or a reflective support in a reflection mode). In particular, the light-emitting body may be substantially self-supporting. In embodiments, the light-emitting body may include a light-transmitting body in which the luminescent material is embedded. For example, the light-emitting body may include a glass body in which the luminescent material is embedded. Alternatively, such glass may be luminescent. In other embodiments, the light-emitting body may include a polymer in which the luminescent material is embedded.

[0044] The light-emitting body can have any shape. However, typically, a light-emitting body may include two substantially parallel faces (i.e., a first side face and a second side face) defining the height of the light-emitting body. Furthermore, the light-emitting body may include a third side face (or “edge face”) bridging the first and second side faces. The edge face may be curved in one or two dimensions. The edge face may be planar. The light-emitting body may have a rectangular or circular cross-section, although other cross-sections are also possible, such as hexagonal, octagonal, etc. Thus, the light-emitting body may have a circular cross-section, an elliptical cross-section, a square, or a non-square rectangle. In embodiments, the light-emitting body may have an n-polygonal cross-section, where n is at least 3, such as 4 (square or rectangular cross-section), 5 (pentagonal cross-section), 6 (hexagonal cross-section), 8 (octagonal cross-section), or greater. The first and second side faces may also be referred to as “main faces”, as they particularly provide the largest external area of ​​the light-emitting body. Perpendicular to the aforementioned cross-sections may be another cross-section, which in embodiments may be rectangular. Therefore, the light emitter can, for example, have a cubic shape, a (non-cubic) cuboid shape, an n-sided prism shape with n being at least 5 (such as a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism), and a cylindrical shape. However, other shapes are also possible. In particular, the light emitter can have a cuboid shape, a cylindrical shape, or an n-sided prism shape, where n is 6 or 8. In embodiments, the light emitter (or "body") has a lateral dimension of width or length (W). B or L B ) or diameter (D) B ) and thickness or height (H) B In the embodiment, (i)D B ≥H B Or (ii)W B ≥H B and / or L B ≥H B The light emitter can be transparent or light-scattering. In some embodiments, the light emitter may include a ceramic light-emitting material. In a specific embodiment, L B ≤10mm, especially L B ≤5mm, especially L B ≤3mm, especially L B ≤2mm. In a specific embodiment, W B ≤10mm, for example, especially W B ≤5mm, especially W B ≤3mm, especially W B ≤2mm. In a specific embodiment, H B ≤10mm, for example, especially H B ≤5mm, especially H B ≤3mm, especially H B ≤2mm. In a specific embodiment, DB ≤10mm, for example, especially D B ≤5mm, especially D B ≤3mm, especially D B ≤2mm. In specific embodiments, the light emitter can have a height (H) in the range of 50μm-1mm. B Furthermore, the lateral dimensions (width / diameter) of the light emitter can be in the range of 100 μm to 10 mm. In other specific embodiments, (i) D B >H B Or (ii)W B >H B And L B >H B In particular, the lateral dimensions, such as length, width, and diameter, are at least twice the height, such as at least five times the height. In a specific embodiment, the light-emitting element has a first length L. B First height H B and the first width W B H B ≤0.5 L B and H B ≤0.5 W B In this embodiment, the light source may be a (small) tile.

[0045] According to another aspect, the present invention can provide a light generating system comprising one or more light sources and a light emitter as defined herein. In embodiments, the one or more light sources can be configured to generate light source light. Furthermore, the one or more light sources may include one or more solid-state light sources. In particular, the light source light may include blue light. In embodiments, a first light-emitting material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light received by the first light-emitting material into first light-emitting material light. Conversely, in embodiments, a second light-emitting material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the (blue) light source light received by the second light-emitting material into second light-emitting material light. In embodiments, the light emitter can be configured to have a light-receiving relationship with one or more light sources. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light emitter can be configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light into light emitter light. In particular, in embodiments, the light emitter light may include one or more of the first light-emitting material light and the second light-emitting material light. In embodiments, the light generating system can be configured to generate system light including light emitter light in a first operating mode of the light generating system. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a light generating system comprising one or more light sources and a light emitter according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: (a) the one or more light sources are configured to generate light source light; wherein the one or more light sources include one or more solid-state light sources; wherein the light source light includes blue light; (b) a first light-emitting material is configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light received by the first light-emitting material into first light-emitting material light, and a second light-emitting material is configured to convert at least a portion of the blue light source light received by the second light-emitting material into second light-emitting material light; (c) a light emitter is configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with one or more light sources and is configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light into light emitter light; wherein the light emitter light includes first light-emitting material light and second light-emitting material light; (d) the light generating system is configured to generate system light including light emitter light in a first operating mode of the light generating system.

[0046] This system can utilize a light emitter to provide light of various types (e.g., various colors) from luminescent materials. Therefore, in embodiments, such a system can facilitate the generation of system light with relatively high color consistency.

[0047] In an embodiment, the light emitter can be configured to convert light from a source received by the light emitter into light emitted by the light emitter. Therefore, the light emitter can be configured in the system such that, together with one or more optical elements, at least a portion of the light from the source can reach the light emitter, for example, 70-100% of the light from the source. In an embodiment, the light emitted by the light emitter can include one or more of a first light-emitting material light, a second light-emitting material light, and (optionally) a third light-emitting material light.

[0048] In an embodiment, the first luminescent material can be configured to convert light received by the first luminescent material into light emitted by the first luminescent material, wherein the light emitted by the first luminescent material can have a first centroid wavelength λ. c1 In embodiments, the first luminescent material may in particular include yttrium aluminum garnet. Lutetium aluminum garnet (LuAG) and mixed garnet One or more of them, wherein in this hybrid embodiment A includes Y and Lu. Furthermore, in the embodiment, the first centroid wavelength λ c1 The wavelength can be selected from the range of 505-590 nm, for example, from the range of 510-570 nm. In a specific embodiment, the first luminescent material may include a primary first luminescent material and a secondary first luminescent material, wherein the primary first luminescent material can be configured to convert light received by the primary first luminescent material into primary first luminescent material light, and wherein the secondary first luminescent material can be configured to convert light received by the secondary first luminescent material into secondary first luminescent material light. In an embodiment, the primary first luminescent material light may include light having a centroid wavelength selected from the range of 550-590 nm, and the secondary first luminescent material light may include light having a centroid wavelength selected from the range of 495-550 nm. However, in an embodiment, the primary first luminescent material light may include yellow light, and the secondary first luminescent material light may include green light. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the first centroid wavelength λ c1 It can be compared to the peak wavelength λ of the light source. p The light intensity is at least 20 nm, for example, at least 30 nm. Specifically, in embodiments, the light emitted by the first luminescent material may include one or more of yellow and green light. Furthermore, the second luminescent material may be configured to convert the light received by the second luminescent material into second luminescent material light, wherein the second luminescent material light may have a second centroid wavelength λ. c2 In this embodiment, the second centroid wavelength λ c2 The wavelength can be selected from the range of 580-780 nm, for example, the range of 590-740 nm, especially the range of 595-700 nm, and even more especially the range of 600-650 nm. In particular, in the embodiment, the second centroid wavelength λ c2 The wavelength can be selected from the range of 600-680 nm, for example, the range of 610-665 nm, particularly the range of 620-640 nm, and even more particularly the range of 627-633 nm. Specifically, in embodiments, the light emitted by the second luminescent material may include red light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second centroid wavelength λ c2 It can be greater than the wavelength λ of the first centroid. c1 , λ c1 ≤λ c2 In this embodiment, the first centroid wavelength λc1 It can be compared to the second centroid wavelength λ c2 The light emitted by the first luminescent material can have a first centroid wavelength λ, at least 10 nm, for example, at least 15 nm. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light emitted by the first luminescent material can have a first centroid wavelength λ. c1 Furthermore, the light emitted by the second luminescent material can possess a second centroid wavelength λ. c2 , where λ c1 ≤λ c2 .

[0049] In an embodiment, an optional third luminescent material may be configured to convert light received by the third luminescent material into third luminescent material light, wherein the third luminescent material light may have a third centroid wavelength λ. c3 In this embodiment, the third centroid wavelength λ c3 The light emitted by the third luminescent material can be selected from the range of 500-660 nm, for example, the range of 525-660 nm, and especially the range of 545-650 nm. Therefore, in embodiments, the light emitted by the third luminescent material can include green light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light emitted by the third luminescent material can include orange and / or red light. However, in embodiments, the light emitted by the third luminescent material has a third centroid wavelength λ selected from the range of 500-570 nm, and especially the range of 520-550 nm. c3 Furthermore, in embodiments, the light emitted by the third luminescent material may include a third centroid wavelength λ selected from the range of 600-660 nm, particularly the range of 605-650 nm. c3 The light emitted by the third luminescent material may, in particular, include one or more of red, orange, yellow, and green light in the embodiments. In the embodiments, the third luminescent material light may have a relatively broad spectral power distribution. This can increase the color rendering index of the system light.

[0050] The term "centroid wavelength" is also denoted as λ. c λc is a wavelength known in the art, and refers to a wavelength in which half of the light energy is at a shorter wavelength and half at a longer wavelength; this value is expressed in nanometers (nm). It is the wavelength at which the integral of the spectral power distribution is divided into two equal parts, as in the formula λc=Σλ. The summation is represented by I(λ) / (ΣI(λ)), where the summation is over the wavelength range of interest, and I(λ) is the spectral energy density (i.e., the integral of the product of wavelength and intensity over the emission band normalized to the integral intensity). The centroid wavelength can be determined, for example, under operating conditions.

[0051] In this embodiment, the light source may include blue light. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the light source may have a centroid wavelength λ. c,s In this embodiment, the wavelength λ of the light source's centroid is... c,sThe light source can be selected from the 430-490 nm range, for example, the 440-480 nm range, particularly the 450-470 nm range. In embodiments, the light source can therefore be absorbed (and converted) by one or more of the first luminescent material, the second luminescent material, and optionally the third luminescent material. Furthermore, in embodiments, at least 70%, such as at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, of the light source can be absorbed by one or more of the first luminescent material, the second luminescent material, and optionally the third luminescent material. In specific embodiments, (substantially) all (i.e., 100%) of the light source can be absorbed by one or more of the first luminescent material, the second luminescent material, and optionally the third luminescent material. However, in embodiments, at most 98%, such as at most 95%, particularly at most 90%, of the light source can be absorbed by one or more of the first luminescent material, the second luminescent material, and optionally the third luminescent material. Therefore, in embodiments, the system light can include (blue) light source light.

[0052] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system can be configured to provide white system light in an operating mode. In such embodiments, the white system light may include one or more of (blue) system light, (yellow and / or green) first luminescent material light, (red) second luminescent material light (and optionally a third luminescent material light). Specifically, the white system light may include first luminescent material light, second luminescent material light, and optional light source light. In embodiments, the system light may have a spectral power distribution in the wavelength range of 380-780 nm. In such embodiments, at least 65%, for example, at least 75%, particularly at least 85% of the spectral power (in the wavelength range of 380-780 nm) may be provided by the first luminescent material light and / or the second luminescent material light. Furthermore, up to 98%, for example, up to 95%, particularly up to 90% of the spectral power (in the wavelength range of 380-780 nm) may be provided by the first luminescent material light and / or the second luminescent material light.

[0053] In an embodiment, in the operating mode of the light generating system, the system light may have a color rendering index (CRI) selected from a range of at least 80, such as at least 85, particularly at least 90. Furthermore, the system light may have a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-6500K, for example, 1600-4500K, particularly 1700-2500K. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the following may apply: (a) the light source light may include blue light; (b) the second luminescent material light may include red light, and the first luminescent material light may include one or more of yellow and green light; (c) the light generating system may be configured to provide white system light in the operating mode, the white system light including the first luminescent material light, the second luminescent material light, and an optional light source light; and (d) the system light may have a CRI of at least 80 and a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-6500K. Such a configuration can provide system light suitable for color-sensitive work (e.g., art restoration). Furthermore, such a system can provide white system light with a "warm" or "cool" color. "Warm" colors may be desirable for home lighting (e.g., to promote relaxation), while "cool" colors may be desirable for office lighting (e.g., to enhance concentration). Therefore, light generation systems configured to produce white system light with correlated color temperatures selected from the 1500-6500K range can be used in a variety of environments and applications.

[0054] In some embodiments, one or more light sources and light emitters may be arranged relative to each other in several configurations. These embodiments will be discussed below.

[0055] In embodiments, the light generating system may include a chip-on-board (CoB). The term "chip-on-board" (or "COB") specifically refers to LED chips in the form of semiconductor chips that are neither packaged nor connected, but are directly mounted on a substrate such as a printed circuit board (PCB), wherein a single light emitter is configured to be in a light-receiving relationship with (all) the LED chips. Thus, multiple light-emitting semiconductor light sources can be configured on the same substrate. In embodiments, a COB is a multi-LED chip configured together as a single lighting module. In embodiments, a chip-on-board can therefore include multiple light sources. Furthermore, a chip-on-board can include light emitters. In particular, the light emitters can be configured on top of multiple light sources. Therefore, in specific embodiments, the light generating system may include a chip-on-board, wherein the chip-on-board can include (i) multiple light sources and (ii) light emitters, wherein the light emitters can be configured on top of multiple light sources. Such a CoB system can provide relatively high intensity system light from a relatively small surface area. Furthermore, such a COB system can reduce the occurrence of areas with high and low intensities within a lighting device (e.g., an LED strip), thereby providing more uniform illumination through the lighting device.

[0056] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-generating system may include an LED filament, i.e., a plurality of LEDs arranged on a first main surface of an elongated carrier. In embodiments, the LED filament may consist of a plurality of LEDs connected in series on a translucent (e.g., transparent) substrate (e.g., glass or sapphire material). In embodiments, the translucent substrate may promote uniform and / or uniform dispersion (in all directions) of the light source. In embodiments, the LEDs may be placed on one or more sides of the substrate, for example, on two (opposite) sides. Furthermore, the LED filament may include a uniform coating comprising a light-emitting element (optionally in a (silicon) binder). Additionally, the LED filament may include an array of a plurality of light sources (e.g., LEDs) arranged on the first main surface of the elongated carrier, wherein an elongated encapsulation covers the plurality of LEDs and at least a portion of the first main surface of the elongated carrier, wherein the encapsulation may include a light-emitting element. Specifically, in embodiments, the light-emitting element may be configured as an elongated encapsulation covering the plurality of light sources (i.e., LEDs) and at least a portion of the elongated carrier. In an embodiment, the LED filament may (further) include an array of multiple light sources (e.g., LEDs) disposed on a second main surface of an elongated carrier, wherein the encapsulation covers at least a portion of the multiple LEDs and the second main surface of the elongated carrier. Therefore, the LED filament may include an array of multiple light sources (e.g., LEDs) disposed on the first and second main surfaces of the elongated carrier. Thus, the LED filament may include multiple light sources. Furthermore, the LED filament may include a light-emitting element. Specifically, the light-emitting element may be configured to surround the multiple light sources. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light generating system may include an LED filament, wherein the LED filament may include (i) multiple light sources and (ii) a light-emitting element, wherein the light-emitting element may be configured to surround the multiple light sources. Furthermore, in a specific embodiment, the light generating system may include an LED filament, wherein the LED filament may include (i) multiple light sources disposed on an elongated carrier and (ii) a light-emitting element, wherein the light-emitting element may be configured as an elongated encapsulation covering at least a portion of the multiple light sources and the elongated carrier. In an embodiment, the elongated carrier may include a first surface and a second surface parallel to the elongated axis of the elongated carrier, wherein the multiple light sources may be disposed on at least the first surface. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the LED filament may include a second encapsulation, wherein the second encapsulation may be configured to cover at least a portion of the second surface, and wherein the second encapsulation may include one or more of a light-emitting element, a first light-emitting material (particle), and a second light-emitting material (particle). However, in another embodiment, an elongated encapsulation (e.g., a light-emitting element) may be configured to (at least partially) cover both the first and second surfaces. In yet another embodiment, multiple light sources may be arranged on the first and second surfaces, wherein both sides may be at least partially covered by a light-emitting element. Such an LED filament may be used, for example, in a decorative light bulb to simulate the filament of an incandescent light bulb.

[0057] However, in embodiments, the light emitter may not be configured to be in (physical) contact with one or more (e.g., multiple) light sources. Therefore, in embodiments, the light emitter may be configured at a non-zero distance d1 from one or more light sources. Specifically, the one or more light sources may have a surface, such as a surface including a light-emitting surface (see below). In embodiments, the light emitter may be configured at a distance d1 from said surface of one or more light sources. For example, one or more light sources may be configured on the (bottom) inner surface of a housing unit, wherein the light emitter is formed by a light-emitting window included in the second (top) surface of the housing unit. In embodiments, the distance d1 may be selected from a range of ≥5 μm, for example, a range of ≥15 μm, particularly a range of ≥50 μm. Furthermore, the distance d1 may be selected from a range of ≤50 cm, for example, a range of ≤30 cm, particularly a range of ≤10 cm. Moreover, in specific embodiments, the light emitter may be physically separated from one or more light sources (i.e., without physical contact).

[0058] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include one or more light sources (e.g., multiple light sources) and one or more light emitters (e.g., multiple light emitters). In such embodiments, each of the one or more light emitters may be in a light-receiving relationship with one of the one or more light sources. In particular, in such embodiments, each of the one or more light sources may have a light emitter disposed on top of the light source.

[0059] In an embodiment, the light generating system may include a second light emitter. In an embodiment, the second light emitter may include a light-emitting material different from the first and / or second light-emitting materials. However, in an embodiment, the light emitter may include one or more of the first and / or second light-emitting materials. Specifically, in an embodiment, the second light emitter may include one or more of the first and second light-emitting material particles. Alternatively, the second light emitter may not include the first and second light-emitting material particles. In an embodiment, the second light emitter may include a third light-emitting material. Furthermore, the second light emitter may be configured to receive light from one or more light sources (a subset thereof). Specifically, the second light emitter may be configured to convert at least a portion of the light received by the second light emitter into second light emitter light. In an embodiment, the second light emitter light may have a different spectral power distribution than the light emitter light. Specifically, the second light emitter light may have a different centroid wavelength than the light emitter light, for example, a smaller centroid wavelength. Alternatively, the second light emitter light may have a larger centroid wavelength than the light emitter light. In an embodiment, the light generating system can be configured to provide system light, including one or more of a light source light and a second light source light, in an operating mode.

[0060] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generation system may include a second light source. Note that "second light source" may also refer to one or more, such as multiple second light sources. Therefore, in embodiments, the light generation system may include multiple second light sources. In embodiments, the second light source may be configured to generate second light source light. In embodiments, the second light source light may have the same spectral power distribution as the light source light. However, in embodiments, the second light source light may have a different spectral power distribution than the light source light. In embodiments, the second light source light may include blue light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light emitter may not be configured to receive light from the second light source. However, in embodiments, the second light emitter may be configured to receive light from the second light source. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second light emitter may not be configured to receive light from the second light source, and the (unconverted) (blue) second light source light may leave the light generation system. In such embodiments, the light generation system may be configured to provide white system light comprising first luminescent material light, second luminescent material light, and second light source light in an operating mode.

[0061] Furthermore, in embodiments, the generating system may include a diffuser element. Here, the term "diffuser element" may refer to an element that diffuses or scatters light, such that soft light can be transmitted and / or reflected. In embodiments, such a diffuser element may include a diffuser material, such as one or more selected from the group consisting of glass, polymer materials, fabrics, and gels. An example of a reflective diffuser element may be a metal-coated glass diffuser having a reflectivity of 95-98%. In embodiments, second light source light may pass through the diffuser element to generate diffused second light source light, wherein the diffused second light source light may in particular include diffused blue light. Furthermore, in embodiments, the (diffuse) second light source light may be mixed with luminescent light (including first luminescent material light and second luminescent material light) in the light generating system, wherein the combined luminescent material light and second light source light may be included by the system light. Thus, the light generating system may be configured to generate system light including luminescent material light and second light source light in a first operating mode of the light generating system. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light generating system may include a second light source, wherein the second light source can be configured to generate second light source light, wherein the second light source light may include blue light; wherein the light generating system can be configured to provide white system light comprising first luminescent material light, second luminescent material light, and second light source light in an operating mode. Such a system can facilitate complete conversion of the light source light by the luminescent body. Furthermore, the color point and / or correlated color temperature of the system light can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the relative intensity of the second light source compared to the light source. Additionally, the color rendering index of the system light can be adjusted by regulating the relative intensity of the light source light (and / or the second light source light) on the luminescent body and the second luminescent body.

[0062] Therefore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include a control system. In embodiments, the control system may be configured to control one or more of the light source and the second light source. Furthermore, the control system may be configured to control one or more optical devices included in the light generating system. Therefore, in specific embodiments, the light generating system may include a control system, wherein the control system may be configured to control one or more of the color point, correlated color temperature, and color rendering index of the system light. The terms "color point," "correlated color temperature," and "color rendering index" are known to those skilled in the art.

[0063] In another aspect, the invention also provides a lamp or luminaire comprising a light-generating system as defined herein. The luminaire may further include a housing, optical elements, a light-transmitting grating, etc. The lamp or luminaire may also include a housing surrounding the light-generating system. The lamp or luminaire may include a light window or housing opening in the housing through which system light can escape from the housing. In yet another aspect, the invention may also provide a projection device comprising a light-generating system as defined herein. In particular, a projection device, or “projector” or “image projector,” can be an optical device that projects an image (or moving image) onto a surface such as a projection screen. The projection device may include one or more light-generating systems as described herein. Thus, in one aspect, the invention may also provide a lighting device selected from the group consisting of lamps, luminaires, projector devices, disinfection devices, photochemical reactors, and optical wireless communication devices, comprising a light-generating system as defined herein. The lighting device may include a housing or carrier configured to house or support one or more elements of a light-generating system. For example, in an embodiment, the lighting device may include a housing or carrier configured to house or support one or more of a light source and a light emitter.

[0064] The term "light source" can, in principle, refer to any light source known in the art. The term "light source" can also refer to multiple light sources, such as a 2-2000 (solid-state) LED light source. Therefore, the term LED can also refer to multiple LEDs. A light source can have a light emanating surface. Referring to conventional light sources, such as light bulbs or fluorescent lamps, this can be the outer surface of a glass or quartz housing. For LEDs, it can be, for example, an LED die, or, when resin is applied to the LED die, the outer surface of the resin. The term emanating surface particularly refers to a portion of the light source where light actually leaves or escapes from the light source. A light source can be configured to provide a light beam. This light beam (and therefore) escapes from the light emanating surface of the light source. Furthermore, a light-generating system can include a light emanating surface, such as a light exit. This can be a light-transmitting window or opening (in the system). In embodiments, the light-transmitting window can be provided by optical components. The term "light source" can refer to semiconductor light-emitting devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, resonant cavity light-emitting diodes (RCLEDs), vertical-cavity laser diodes (VCSELs), edge-emitting lasers (EELs), surface-emitting lasers (SCEs) of photonic crystals, vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs), etc. The term "light source" can also refer to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In specific embodiments, the light source includes solid-state light sources (e.g., LEDs or laser diodes). The term "light source" or "solid-state light source" can also refer to superluminescent diodes (SLEDs). The light source can be configured, in particular, to generate light source light having an optical axis (O) (beam shape) and spectral power distribution. In embodiments, the light source light can include one or more frequency bands having a bandwidth known to the laser. In embodiments, the term "light source" can also refer to a combination of a light source (such as an LED) and a filter that can alter the spectral power distribution of the light generated by the light source. The phrases "different light sources" or "multiple different light sources" and similar phrases in embodiments can refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from at least two different chambers. Similarly, the phrases "identical light sources" or "multiple identical light sources" and similar phrases in embodiments can refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from the same chamber. The terms "solid-state light source" or "solid-state material light source" and similar terms may specifically refer to semiconductor light sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, or superluminescent diodes. Therefore, in specific embodiments, one or more light sources may be selected from the group consisting of light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and superluminescent diodes.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, the light source can be blue light. The terms "blue light" or "blue emission" and similar terms may specifically refer to light with wavelengths in the range of about 430-490 nm (including some violet and cyan hues). In a specific embodiment, blue light may have a centroid wavelength in the range of 430-490 nm, for example, in the range of 440-490 nm. In a specific embodiment, the peak wavelength of the light source is selected from the blue wavelength range.

[0066] Light generating systems can be, for example, part of or applicable to, any of the following: office lighting systems, home application systems, shop lighting systems, residential lighting systems, accent lighting systems, spotlighting systems, theater lighting systems, fiber optic application systems, projection systems, self-illuminating display systems, pixelated display systems, segmented display systems, warning sign systems, medical lighting application systems, directional sign systems, decorative lighting systems, portable systems, automotive applications, (outdoor) road lighting systems, urban lighting systems, greenhouse lighting systems, horticultural lighting, digital projection, or LCD backlighting. Light generating systems (or luminaires) can also be, for example, part of or applicable to, optical communication systems or disinfection systems.

[0067] The term "white light" and similar terms used herein are known to those skilled in the art. It can particularly refer to light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between approximately 1800K and 20000K, for example, between 2000K and 20000K, especially between 2700-20000K, and for general illumination particularly to light having a CCT in the range of approximately 2000-7000K, for example, between 2700K and 6500K. In embodiments, for example for backlighting purposes or for other purposes, the correlated color temperature (CCT) can particularly be in the range of approximately 7000K and 20000K. Furthermore, in embodiments, the correlated color temperature (CCT) is particularly within approximately 15 SDCM (standard deviation of color matching) from the BBL (blackbody track), particularly within approximately 10 SDCM from the BBL, and even more particularly within approximately 5 SDCM from the BBL. The terms “visible,” “visible light,” or “visible emission,” and similar terms refer to light having one or more wavelengths in the range of about 380-780 nm. In this document, UV specifically refers to wavelengths selected from the range of 190-380 nm, for example, 200-380 nm. The terms “light” and “radiation” are used interchangeably herein unless the context clearly indicates that the term “light” refers only to visible light. Therefore, the terms “light” and “radiation” can refer to UV radiation, visible light, and IR radiation. In specific embodiments, particularly for lighting applications, the terms “light” and “radiation” refer to (at least) visible light. The terms “violet light” or “violet emission” specifically refer to light with wavelengths in the range of about 380-440 nm. The terms “blue light” or “blue emission” specifically refer to light with wavelengths in the range of about 440-490 nm (including some violet and cyan hues). The terms “green light” or “green emission” specifically refer to light with wavelengths in the range of about 495-570 nm. The term "yellow light" or "yellow emission" specifically refers to light having wavelengths in the range of about 570-590 nm. The term "orange light" or "orange emission" specifically refers to light having wavelengths in the range of about 590-620 nm. The term "red light" or "red emission" specifically refers to light having wavelengths in the range of about 620-780 nm. The term "pink light" or "pink emission" specifically refers to light having blue and red components. The term "cyan" may refer to light selected from one or more wavelengths in the range of about 490-520 nm. The term "amber" may refer to light selected from one or more wavelengths in the range of about 585-605 nm, for example, about 590-600 nm. The phrase "light having one or more wavelengths in the wavelength range" and similar phrases may specifically indicate that the indicated light (or radiation) has a spectral power distribution with one or more intensities at least at these one or more wavelengths in the indicated wavelength range. For example, a blue emission solid-state light source would have a spectral power distribution with intensities at one or more wavelengths in the wavelength range of 440-495 nm.

[0068] The term "control" and similar terms specifically refer to at least determining the behavior of an element or supervising the operation of an element. Therefore, "control" and similar terms as used herein can refer, for example, to applying behavior to an element (determining behavior or supervising the operation of the element), such as measuring, displaying, actuating, opening, shifting, etc. In addition, the term "control" and similar terms can include monitoring. Therefore, the term "control" can include applying behavior to an element and monitoring that element. Control of an element can be accomplished using a control system, which can also be referred to as a "controller." The control system and the element can therefore be functionally coupled, at least temporarily or permanently. Control can be accomplished via wired and / or wireless control. The term "control system" can also refer to multiple different control systems, which are particularly functionally coupled, and where, for example, one control system can be a master control system, while one or more other control systems can be slave control systems. The control system can include or can be functionally coupled to a user interface. The control system can be configured to receive and execute instructions from a remote control. In embodiments, the control system can be controlled via an app on a (remote) device, such as a portable device, like a smartphone or I-phone, tablet, etc. Therefore, the device does not necessarily need to be coupled to the light-generating system, but can be (temporarily) functionally coupled to it. In embodiments, the control system can control the light-generating system or lighting device based on one or more of the following: input signals from the user interface, sensor signals (of the sensors), and timers. The term "timer" can refer to a clock and / or a predetermined timing scheme. The system, apparatus, or device can perform actions in an "operating mode." The term "operating mode" can also be expressed as a "control mode." Similarly, actions can be performed in an "operating mode." This does not preclude the system or device from being adapted to provide another control mode or multiple other control modes. Similarly, this does not preclude the possibility of executing one or more other modes before and / or after the execution mode. In embodiments, the control system can provide at least a control mode. In embodiments, an operating mode can also refer to a system or device that can only operate in a single operating mode (i.e., "on," without further tunability). Attached Figure Description

[0069] Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic diagrams, wherein corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts, and in the drawings:

[0070] Figure 1 schematically depicts an embodiment of the light-emitting body;

[0071] Figure 2 schematically depicts an embodiment of the light generation system;

[0072] Figure 3 schematically depicts another embodiment of the light-generating system; and

[0073] Figure 4 An embodiment of the lighting equipment is illustrated schematically. The schematic diagram is not necessarily drawn to scale. Specific Implementation

[0074] Figure 1A An embodiment of a light emitter 2000 is schematically depicted. The light emitter 2000 may include first light-emitting material particles 2100, second light-emitting material particles 2200, and a main matrix material 700. Specifically, the first light-emitting material particles 2100 and the second light-emitting material particles 2200 may be configured to be embedded in the main matrix material 700. In this embodiment, the first light-emitting material particles 2100 may include… The first luminescent material 210 comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second luminescent material particles 2200 may include a second particle matrix material 720 and primary particles 2300 comprising the second luminescent material 220. The primary particles 2300 may be configured to be embedded within the second particle matrix material 720. In embodiments, the second luminescent material 220 may include materials doped with tetravalent manganese. The luminescent material is of the type wherein M' comprises an alkaline earth cation, M comprises a basic cation, A comprises a tetravalent cation, and X comprises a monovalent anion, including at least fluorine (F). In embodiments, the second luminescent material 220 may include... and One or more of them. In particular, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material 220 may include Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first luminescent material particle 2100 may have a first number of average equivalent circle diameters D1. Figure 1A In (I), the equivalent circular diameter of a single first luminescent particle is represented by D'1. Furthermore, the second luminescent material particle 2200 may have a second average equivalent circular diameter D2. Similarly, the equivalent circular diameter of a single second luminescent particle is... Figure 1A (I) is indicated by D'2. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the primary particle 2300 may have a third number of average equivalent circular diameters D3, wherein... Figure 1A In (I), the equivalent circular diameter of a single primary particle is represented by D'3. In the embodiment, D3 ≤ 0.3. D2. Alternatively, in the embodiments, D3 ≤ 0.3. D1. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1 may not be equal to the second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2. Therefore, as... Figure 1A (I) and Figure 1AAs shown in (III), the first luminescent material particle can be larger than the second luminescent material particle. However, as Figure 1A As shown in (IV), the first luminescent material particles can be smaller than the second luminescent material particles. In particular, in the embodiment, 0.5 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 2.

[0075] In embodiments, the first luminescent material particles may have a first aspect ratio AR1 selected from the range of 0.5 to 3. In embodiments where AR1=1, the first luminescent material particles may in particular have a circular shape (e.g., Figure 1A (As shown). Furthermore, in embodiments, the second luminescent material particles may have a second aspect ratio AR2 selected from the range of 0.5 to 15. In embodiments where AR2 ≥ 2, the second luminescent material particles may particularly have an elongated shape. This is particularly depicted in... Figure 1A In (II). In the embodiments (e.g., as shown in the example) Figure 1A (As shown in (II)), AR2≥2 AR1.

[0076] In embodiments, the primary matrix material 700 may include an optically transparent material. Specifically, the primary matrix material 700 may include materials selected from the group consisting of: glass, polycarbonate, (transparent) PVC, liquid silicone rubber, cyclic olefin copolymers, fluorinated ethylene propylene, styrene-methyl methacrylate, polysiloxanes, and PMMA. In specific embodiments, the primary matrix material 700 may include crosslinked polysiloxanes (e.g., PDMS). Furthermore, in embodiments, the second particulate matrix material 720 may include an optically transparent material, such as, for example, a crosslinked polysiloxane. Therefore, in embodiments, one or more of the primary matrix material 700 and the second particulate matrix material 720 may include crosslinked polysiloxanes.

[0077] In an embodiment, the second particulate matrix material 720 may have a refractive index n. p In the embodiment, the refractive index n p The range can be selected from 1.1 to 2.3. Additionally, in the embodiments, the main matrix material 700 may have a refractive index n. m In the embodiment, the refractive index n m It can be selected from the range of 1.1 to 2.3. In the embodiment, the refractive index n of the second particle matrix material 720 is... p The refractive index n can be higher than that of the main matrix material by 700. m Furthermore, in an embodiment, the primary particle 2300 (including the second luminescent material 220) may have a refractive index n1. In an embodiment, the refractive index n1 may be selected from the range of 1.0-2.0. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the refractive index n of the second particle matrix material 720 is... pIt can have a refractive index n1 higher than that of the primary particles 2300, which include the second luminescent material 220.

[0078] As shown in the figure, the first luminescent material particle 2100 and the second luminescent material particle 2200 can be configured to be embedded in the main matrix material 700. Furthermore, the second luminescent material particle 2200 may include primary particles 2300. Specifically, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material particle 2200 may include a primary particle concentration C. p Primary particles 2300 are selected from 10% to 40% (v / v%). Additionally, the main matrix material 700 may include first luminescent material particles 2100 at a first luminescent material particle concentration C1 and second luminescent material particles 2200 at a second luminescent material particle concentration C2. In an embodiment, the (combined) luminescent material particle concentration C (relative to the first volume V1) is... 1＋2 It can be selected from the range of 3% to 30% (v / v%). In an embodiment, the first volume V1 can be a combined volume of (i) the main matrix material 700, (ii) the first luminescent particle 2100, (iii) the second luminescent particle 2200 and (optionally) (iv) the third luminescent material 230 (see [link]). Figure 1B In the embodiment, C2≥ is 1.5. C1. Furthermore, in the embodiments, C p ≥C 1＋2 .

[0079] Figure 1B Another embodiment of the light-emitting body 2000 is schematically depicted. In this embodiment, the first light-emitting material 210 may include at least two types. luminescent materials, such as at least and In such an embodiment, the first luminescent material 210 may include, for example, Primary first luminescent material 210' and such The secondary first light-emitting material 210'', where x2">x2'. In an embodiment, the secondary first light-emitting material 210'' may therefore include more Lu than the primary first light-emitting material 210' in molar terms. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the primary first light-emitting material 210' may include more Y than the secondary first light-emitting material 210'' in molar terms, x1'>x1''. In an embodiment, x2' may be equal to zero.

[0080] Furthermore, in an embodiment, the main matrix material 700 may include a third luminescent material 230. In an embodiment, the third luminescent material 230 may be selected from oxynitride luminescent materials containing divalent europium and nitride luminescent materials containing divalent europium. However, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material particles 2200 may include the third luminescent material 230. In such embodiments, in particular, the second particle material 720 may include the third luminescent material 230.

[0081] Figure 2A An embodiment of a light generation system 1000 is schematically depicted. The light generation system 1000 may include one or more light sources 1100 and a light emitter 2000 as described herein. In an embodiment, the one or more light sources 1100 may be configured to generate light source light 1101. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the one or more light sources 1100 may include one or more solid-state light sources. Specifically, the one or more light sources 1100 may be selected from the group consisting of light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and superluminescent diodes. In an embodiment, the light source light 1101 may include blue light. Furthermore, in an embodiment, a first light-emitting material 210 may be configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light 1101 received by the first light-emitting material 210 into first light-emitting material light 211. Conversely, a second light-emitting material 220 may be configured to convert at least a portion of the (blue) light source light 1101 received by the second light-emitting material 220 into second light-emitting material light 221. Therefore, in an embodiment, the light emitter 2000 may be configured to have a light-receiving relationship with one or more light sources 1100. Specifically, the light emitter 2000 can be configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light 1101 into light emitter light 2001. However, as Figure 1B As shown, in this embodiment, some light source light 1101 can be transmitted through the light emitter 2000. In this embodiment, the light emitter light 2001 can therefore include first light-emitting material light 211 and second light-emitting material light 221. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the light generation system 1000 can be configured to generate system light 1001 including the light emitter light 2001 in a first operating mode of the light generation system 1000. Additionally or alternatively, the light generation system 1000 can be configured to generate system light 1001 including the light emitter light 2001 and a portion of the light source light 1101 in the first operating mode of the light generation system 1000.

[0082] Figure 2AAn embodiment of the light generation system 1000 can be depicted schematically, wherein the light generation system 1000 may include a chip-on-board (CoB) 3000. In an embodiment, the chip-on-board 3000 may include a plurality of light sources 1100. Furthermore, the chip-on-board 3000 may include a light emitter 2000. Specifically, in the light generation system 1000 including the chip-on-board 3000, the light emitter 2000 may be configured on top of the plurality of light sources 1100. Specifically, as... Figure 2A As shown, in the light generation system 1000 including on-board chips, multiple light sources 1100 (all) are covered by the same light emitter 2000. Furthermore, the light generation system 1000 may include a control system 300.

[0083] In an embodiment, the second luminescent material light 221 may include red light. Specifically, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material light 221 may have a second centroid wavelength λ selected from the range of 580 to 780 nm (e.g., from 600 to 680 nm). c2 Furthermore, in embodiments, the first luminescent material light 211 may include one or more of yellow and green light. Specifically, in embodiments, the first luminescent material light 211 may have a first centroid wavelength λ selected from the range of 495 to 590 nm. c1 Therefore, in the embodiment, the second centroid wavelength λ c2 It can be greater than the wavelength λ of the first centroid. c1 , λ c1 ≤λ c2 In an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 can be configured to provide a white system light 1001 in an operating mode, comprising a first luminescent material light 211, a second luminescent material light 221, and an optional light source light 1101. In an embodiment, the system light 1001 can have a color rendering index of at least 80 and a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500 to 6500 K. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the system light 1001 can have a spectral power distribution in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm, wherein at least 85% of the spectral power is provided by the first luminescent material light 211 and the second luminescent material light 221.

[0084] Figure 2B An embodiment of a light generating system 1000 including a second light emitter 2500 is schematically depicted. The second light emitter 2500 can be configured to receive light from one or more light sources 1100 (a subset thereof). Figure 2BIn the illustrated embodiment, a light emitter 2000 is disposed on top of a first light source among one or more light sources 1100 (including solid-state light source 10), and a second light emitter 2500 is disposed on top of a second light source among one or more light sources 1100. In this embodiment, the second light emitter 2500 may be configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light 1101 (received by the second light emitter 2500) into second light emitter light 2501. In this embodiment, the second light emitter light 2501 may have a different spectral power distribution than the light emitter light 2001. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second light emitter 2500 may provide second light emitter light 2501 having a different color point than the light emitter light 2001. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second light emitter 2500 may provide second light emitter light 2501 having a different correlated color temperature and / or color rendering index than the light emitter light 2001. In an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 can be configured to provide system light 1001 in an operating mode, the system light 1001 comprising one or more of a light emitter 2001 and a second light emitter 2501. In such an embodiment, the control system 300 can be configured to control the relative intensity of the light emitter 2001 and the second light emitter 2501. Therefore, in an embodiment, the control system 300 can be configured to control one or more of the color point, correlated color temperature, and color rendering index of the system light 1001.

[0085] Figure 2C An embodiment of a light generating system 1000 including an LED filament 4000 is schematically depicted. In this embodiment, the LED filament 4000 may include a plurality of light sources 1100. The plurality of light sources 1100 may be disposed on (both sides) of a transparent substrate. Furthermore, the LED filament 4000 may include a uniform coating (optionally in a (silicone) binder) comprising a light emitter 2000. Thus, the LED filament 4000 may include a light emitter 2000, wherein the light emitter 2000 is configured to surround the plurality of light sources 1100. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may include the LED filament 4000, wherein the LED filament 4000 may include a plurality of light sources 1100 disposed on an elongated carrier. In such an embodiment, the light emitter 2000 may be configured as an elongated package covering at least a portion of the plurality of light sources 1100 and the elongated carrier. In this embodiment, the elongated carrier may include a first surface and a second surface parallel to an elongated axis of the elongated carrier, wherein the plurality of light sources 1100 may be disposed on at least the first surface. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the LED filament 4000 may include a second encapsulation, wherein the second encapsulation may be configured to cover at least a portion of the second surface, and wherein the second encapsulation may include one or more of a light emitter 2000, a first light-emitting material 210 (particle 2100), and a second light-emitting material 220 (particle 2200). These embodiments are not described herein.

[0086] Figure 3A An embodiment of a light generating system 1000, including a second light source 20, is schematically depicted. The second light source 20 can be configured to generate second light source light 21. In this embodiment, the second light source light 21 may in particular include blue light. Furthermore, the light generating system may include one or more optical elements. Specifically, such as... Figure 3A As shown, the light generating system may include one or more optical elements 610, such as one or more lenses 610' and dichroic mirrors 610''. In embodiments, one or more lenses 610' may be configured to collimate, homogenize, focus, converge, diverge, and / or refract incident light (a collimating lens is depicted herein). Furthermore, in embodiments, one or more lenses 610' may include a microlens array and / or lenses. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, dichroic mirrors 610'' may be configured to (i) reflect at least a portion of the emitting light 2001 (including first emitting material light 211, second emitting material light 221, and optionally third emitting material light 231) and / or the light source light 1101, and transmit at least a portion of the second light source light 21, or (ii) transmit at least a portion of the emitting light 2001 and / or the light source light 1101, and reflect at least a portion of the second light source light 21. Therefore, in an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 can be configured to provide a white system light 1001 comprising a first luminescent material light 211, a second luminescent material light 221, and a second light source light 21 in an operating mode. In such an embodiment, the control system can be configured to control one or more of the color point, correlated color temperature, and color rendering index of the system light 1001 by adjusting the relative intensity of the light source light 1101 and the second light source light 21. In an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may further include a heat conductor 500 configured to be in thermal contact with the light emitter 2000. In an embodiment, as... Figure 3A As shown, the heat conductor 500 may include a pinhole. The pinhole may be configured to reflect light 2001 incident on it. In such an embodiment, the light emitter 2000 may be positioned at a non-zero distance d1 from one or more light sources 1100.

[0087] Furthermore, in the embodiments, such as Figure 3A As schematically shown, the second light source 21 can pass through the diffuser system to produce diffused second light source 21, such as diffused blue light in particular. The diffuser system may include a polarization changing element 810, one or more converging lenses 620, and a diffuser element 710.

[0088] In an embodiment, the polarization changing element 810 may be configured in the optical path of the second light source 21 between the second light source 20 and the diffuser element 710. In an embodiment, the polarization changing element 810 may in particular include one or more of a λ / 4 waveplate and a Faraday rotator. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the diffuser element 710 may be configured to diffuse (by reflection) at least a portion of the second light source 21 received by the diffuser element 710, thereby providing diffused second light source 21 while maintaining at least a portion of the polarization of the second light source 21. Therefore, in an embodiment, the diffuser element 710 may operate in a reflection mode. In particular, the diffuser element 710 may be a polarization-maintaining reflective diffuser element 710.

[0089] Furthermore, starting with linear p-polarized light, it is converted by polarization-changing element 810 into, for example, right-hand circularly polarized light, which is then converted by polarization-maintaining reflective diffuser element 710 into left-hand circularly polarized light, which is now converted by polarization-changing element 810 into linear s-polarized light. Similarly, s-polarized light can be converted into diffuse p-polarized light. Therefore, the second light source 21 can pass through polarization-changing element 810 twice: once from the second light source 20 to diffuser element 710 with the first polarization, and once from diffuser element 710 to the light outlet of light generation system 1000, where it is diffused and acquires a second polarization (in the direction of the light outlet) when passing through polarization-changing element 810. An example of the operating mode of the diffuser system is as follows: the transmitted blue (p-polarized) second light source 21 can pass through polarization-changing element 810 (e.g., λ / 4 plate) and can be projected onto the preferred polarization-maintaining diffuser 710 via converging lens 620 to produce diffused blue second light source 21. The diffused blue second light source 21 can be collected by the converging lens 620 and can be passed again by the polarization changing element 810 (by the polarization changing element 810, the diffused blue second light source 21 becomes substantially s-polarized light).

[0090] The diffuser system can be combined in particular with a polarization beamsplitter 610 (included by one or more first optical elements 610). Here, the polarization beamsplitter 610 can be configured to transmit light with a first polarization (corresponding to the polarization of the second light source 21) and reflect light with orthogonal polarization (corresponding to the polarization of the diffused second light source 21). Therefore, the light generation system 1000 can be configured such that, in the event of a malfunction of the diffuser system, the non-directional (or "non-diffuse") second light source 21 can be mixed with the system light 1001. Furthermore, the diffused blue second light source 21 can be combined with the emitting light 2001 to generate the (white) system light 1001.

[0091] Figure 3BAn embodiment of a light-generating system 1000 including a light-emitting body in a reflective mode is schematically depicted. Here, the heat conductor 500 may include a reflective material configured to (thermally) contact the light-emitting body 2000. Alternatively, the light-emitting body 2000 may also include a light-emitting coating on a reflective support.

[0092] Figure 3C An embodiment of a light-generating system 1000 is schematically depicted, wherein a light emitter 2000 is disposed at a non-zero distance d1 from one or more light sources 1100. The one or more light sources 1100 may have a (top) surface, for example, as a surface including a light emanating surface. In the embodiment, the light emitter 2000 may be disposed at a (non-zero) distance d1 from said surface of the one or more light sources 1100. Figure 3C As shown, one or more light sources 1100 may be disposed on the inner surface (bottom) of the housing unit, wherein the light emitter 2000 is formed by a light emission window included in the second (top) surface of the housing unit. In an embodiment, the distance d1 may be selected from the range of 5 μm to 50 cm.

[0093] Figure 4 An embodiment of a luminaire 2 including the light generating system 1000 as described above is schematically depicted. Reference numeral 301 indicates a user interface that can be functionally coupled to a control system 300, which is included in or functionally coupled to the light generating system 1000. Figure 3 also schematically illustrates an embodiment of a lamp 1 including the light generating system 1000. Reference numeral 3 indicates a projector device or projector system that can be used, for example, to project images onto a wall, and may also include the light generating system 1000. Thus, Figure 3 schematically depicts an embodiment of a lighting device 1200 selected from the group consisting of lamp 1, luminaire 2, projector device 3, disinfection device, photochemical reactor, and optical wireless communication device, which includes the light generating system 1000 as described herein. In embodiments, such a lighting device may be lamp 1, luminaire 2, projector device 3, disinfection device, or optical wireless communication device. Light emanating from the lighting device 1200 is indicated by reference numeral 1201. The lighting device light 1201 can consist essentially of system light 1001, and therefore in a particular embodiment it can be system light 1001. Reference numeral 1300 indicates a space, such as a room.

[0094] The term "multiple" refers to two or more items. The terms "substantially" or "truly" and similar terms used herein will be understood by those skilled in the art. The term "substantially" or "truly" may also include embodiments having connotations such as "completely," "entirely," "all," etc. Therefore, in embodiments, the adjective "substantially" or "truly" may also be removed. Where applicable, the term "substantially" or "truly" may also refer to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%. The term "comprising" also includes embodiments in which the term "comprising" means "consisting of." The term "and / or" particularly refers to one or more items mentioned before and after "and / or." For example, the phrase "item 1 and / or item 2" and similar phrases may refer to one or more of items 1 and 2. The term "comprising" in one embodiment may mean "consisting of," but in another embodiment it may also mean "containing at least the defined kind and optionally one or more other kinds." The use of the verb "comprising" and its variations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in the claims. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "comprising," "including," etc., should be interpreted in an inclusive sense, not an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to." The article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

[0095] Furthermore, the terms first, second, third, etc., used in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements and are not necessarily used to describe an order or chronological order. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate, and the embodiments of the invention described herein can operate in orders other than those described or shown herein. Any reference numerals placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims.

[0096] This invention can be implemented by hardware comprising several different elements and by a computer that is appropriately programmed. In the device, apparatus, or system claims that enumerate several methods, several of these methods can be implemented by the same hardware. The fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not imply that combinations of these measures cannot be advantageously used. In another aspect, the invention can (therefore) provide a software product that, when run on a computer, enables the implementation of (one or more embodiments) of the methods described herein.

[0097] The present invention may also provide a control system that can control a device, apparatus, or system, or perform the methods or processes described herein. Furthermore, the present invention may also provide a computer program product that, when functionally coupled to or operated on a computer included in a device, apparatus, or system, controls one or more controllable elements of such device, apparatus, or system.

[0098] During operation, the equipment, apparatus, or system may be described herein. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention is not limited to the method of operation, or the equipment, apparatus, or system in operation. The invention is also applicable to equipment, apparatus, or systems including one or more features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings. The invention also relates to methods or processes including one or more features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings.

[0099] It should be noted that the embodiments mentioned are illustrative and not limiting of the invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to devise many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantages. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be combined, and more than two embodiments can be combined. Additionally, some features can form the basis of one or more divisional applications.

Claims

1. A light emitter (2000) comprising first light-emitting material particles (2100), second light-emitting material particles (2200), and a main matrix material (700), wherein: - The first luminescent material particle (2100) and the second luminescent material particle (2200) are configured to be embedded in the main matrix material (700); - The first luminescent material particles (2100) include those of type The first luminescent material (210), wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc; - The second luminescent material particle (2200) includes a second particulate matrix material (720) and primary particles (2300) containing the second luminescent material (220), wherein the primary particles (2300) are configured to be embedded in the second particulate matrix material (720); The second luminescent material (220) includes tetravalent manganese doped with A type of luminescent material, wherein M' comprises an alkaline earth cation, wherein M comprises a basic cation, and x is selected from the range of 0 to 1, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, and wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, comprising at least fluorine (F); and - The first luminescent material particle (2100) has a first number-average equivalent circle diameter D1, the second luminescent material particle (2200) has a second number-average equivalent circle diameter D2, and the primary particle (2300) has a third number-average equivalent circle diameter D3, wherein the following applies: (i) and (ii) .

2. The light emitter (2000) according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the following are applicable: (a) ; and (b) the second luminescent material (220) includes and One or more of them.

3. The light emitter (2000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second light-emitting material (220) comprises .

4. The light emitter (2000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first light-emitting material particle (2100) has a first aspect ratio (AR1), and wherein the second light-emitting material particle (2200) has a second aspect ratio (AR2), wherein .

5. The luminescent body (2000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more of the main matrix material (700) and the second particulate matrix material (720) comprises cross-linked polysiloxane.

6. The luminary (2000) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more of (a) the refractive index (n p ) of the second particulate host material (720) is higher than the refractive index (n m ) of the host material (700), and (b) the refractive index (n p ) of the second particulate host material (720) is higher than the refractive index (n1) of the primary particles (2300) containing a second luminescent material (220).

7. The light-emitting body (2000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - The second luminescent material particles (2200) include a primary particle concentration (C p Primary particles (2300) are selected from the range of 10% to 40% [v / v%]. - The main matrix material (700) includes first luminescent material particles (2100) at a first luminescent material particle concentration (C1) and second luminescent material particles (2200) at a second luminescent material particle concentration (C2), wherein the luminescent material particle concentration (C1) is... 1+2 Selected from the range of 3% to 30% [v / v%]; and - ;and .

8. The light emitter (2000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first light-emitting material (210) comprises of type At least two luminescent materials, wherein: (a) This type of primary first luminescent material (210') includes more Y than Lu by molar, and (b) This type of secondary first luminescent material (210'') includes more Lu than Y by molar.

9. The luminescent body (2000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the main matrix material (700) comprises a third luminescent material (230); wherein the third luminescent material (230) is selected from divalent europium, which includes oxynitride luminescent materials, and divalent europium, which includes nitride luminescent materials.

10. A light generating system (1000) comprising one or more light sources (1100) and a light emitter (2000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: - The one or more light sources (1100) are configured to generate light source light (1101); wherein the one or more light sources (1100) include one or more solid-state light sources; wherein the light source light (1101) includes blue light; - The first luminescent material (210) is configured to convert at least a portion of the light source light (1101) received by the first luminescent material (210) into the first luminescent material light (211), and the second luminescent material (220) is configured to convert at least a portion of the blue light source light (1101) received by the second luminescent material (220) into the second luminescent material light (221). - The light emitter (2000) is configured to receive light from one or more light sources (1100) and is configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the light source (1101) into light emitter light (2001); wherein the light emitter light (2001) includes the first light-emitting material light (211) and the second light-emitting material light (221). - The light generating system (1000) is configured to generate system light (1001) including the light emitting body light (2001) in a first operating mode of the light generating system (1000).

11. The light generating system (1000) according to claim 10, wherein the light generating system (1000) includes an on-board chip (3000), wherein the on-board chip (3000) includes (i) a plurality of light sources (1100) and (ii) the light emitter (2000), wherein the light emitter (2000) is disposed above the plurality of light sources (1100).

12. The light generating system (1000) of claim 10, wherein the light generating system (1000) comprises an LED filament (4000), wherein the LED filament (4000) comprises (i) a plurality of LEDs (1100) disposed on an elongated carrier and (ii) the light emitter (2000), wherein the light emitter (2000) is configured as an elongated package covering at least a portion of the plurality of LEDs and the elongated carrier.

13. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein: - The second luminescent material light (221) includes red light, wherein the first luminescent material light (211) includes one or more of yellow light and green light; - The light generating system (1000) is configured to provide white system light (1001) in an operating mode, the white system light (1001) including a first luminescent material light (211), a second luminescent material light (221), and optionally a light source light (1101). - The system light (1001) has a color rendering index of at least 80 and a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500K to 6500K.

14. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the light generating system (1000) includes a second light source (20), wherein the second light source (20) is configured to generate a second light source light (21), wherein the second light source light (21) includes blue light; wherein the light generating system (1000) is configured to provide white system light (1001) in an operating mode, wherein the white system light (1001) includes a first luminescent material light (211), a second luminescent material light (221) and a second light source light (21).

15. A lighting device (1200) selected from the group consisting of lamps (1), luminaires (2) and optical wireless communication devices, said lighting device comprising a light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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