Automatic transfer and stacking device for vehicle wheels

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of wheel production, and particularly relates to an automatic transfer and stacking device for wheels, comprising: a mobile bearing platform, comprising a mobile chassis and an omnidirectional moving mechanism arranged at the bottom of the mobile chassis, and a central storage groove arranged on the mobile chassis and used for temporarily storing wheels. The present application mainly comprises the mobile bearing platform and a conveying and stacking mechanism arranged above the mobile bearing platform. The omnidirectional moving mechanism is used for flexible walking. The central storage groove is arranged at the center of the mobile bearing platform and used for temporarily storing wheels. The conveying and stacking mechanism is driven by a lifting and horizontal moving assembly to position a clamping and conveying assembly. The clamping and conveying assembly comprises a pair of clamping guide frames with adjustable spacing and clamping conveying belts arranged on the clamping guide frames. The clamping and conveying assembly is used for stably clamping and horizontally conveying wheels. The clamping and conveying assembly can clamp wheels and temporarily store the wheels in the central storage groove. The transfer and stacking functions are integrated. The second handling step by a forklift is omitted. The central storage groove is used for batch transfer. The transfer efficiency from a production line to a warehouse is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wheel manufacturing technology, and in particular to an automatic wheel transfer and palletizing device. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of vehicles such as automobiles and construction machinery, wheels need to be frequently transferred and stacked during their production, manufacturing, warehousing, and logistics processes. As a result, specialized wheel palletizing equipment has emerged in the industry. This equipment can automatically grab and stack wheels from conveyor belts and other transport lines according to preset patterns, effectively replacing traditional manual operations and improving palletizing efficiency.

[0003] However, most existing wheel palletizing equipment is of a fixed or stationary structure. Its function is mainly focused on completing palletizing operations at a single workstation. That is, it simply places wheels from a conveyor belt onto a designated pallet or fixed stacking point. After palletizing, the fully loaded pallet or rack needs to be transferred again by additional transportation equipment such as forklifts before it can enter the warehouse storage area or the next process. This increases the intermediate links in material handling and the overall operation time. It also requires additional equipment and manpower. Overall, its applicability and flexibility are obviously insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic wheel transfer and palletizing device to solve the problem that current fixed-point wheel palletizing devices cannot simultaneously realize wheel palletizing and transfer, and have low applicability and flexibility.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an automatic wheel transfer and palletizing device, comprising:

[0006] A mobile support platform includes a mobile chassis and an omnidirectional moving mechanism disposed at the bottom of the mobile chassis. The mobile chassis is provided with a central storage slot for receiving and temporarily storing wheels.

[0007] A conveying and palletizing mechanism, disposed above the mobile chassis, includes:

[0008] A vertical support frame is vertically fixed to the mobile chassis;

[0009] The lifting assembly is vertically slidably connected to the vertical support frame;

[0010] A horizontally moving component is slidably connected to the lifting component and can move up and down synchronously with the lifting component;

[0011] A gripping and conveying assembly is connected to the horizontal moving assembly and can move synchronously with the horizontal moving assembly. The gripping and conveying assembly includes a pair of gripping guide frames arranged opposite each other, and a spacing adjustment mechanism that drives the pair of gripping guide frames to move closer or further apart from each other. Each gripping guide frame is provided with a gripping conveying belt driven by a power component.

[0012] The omnidirectional moving mechanism, the lifting component, the horizontal moving component, and the spacing adjustment mechanism work together to move the gripping and conveying component to the target position. By adjusting the spacing of the pair of gripping guide frames, the wheel can be gripped or released. At the same time, the operation of the gripping conveyor belt is used to achieve lateral input or output of the wheel, thereby completing the automatic transfer and stacking operation of the wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the omnidirectional movement mechanism includes four Mecanum wheels and a walking drive motor that drives the Mecanum wheels.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes:

[0015] The lifting guide rail is fixedly installed on the vertical support frame;

[0016] The lifting connecting seat is vertically slidably connected to the vertical support frame via the lifting guide rail;

[0017] The lifting drive mechanism includes a lifting drive motor, a lifting traction wheel, a traction guide wheel, and a lifting traction belt;

[0018] The lifting traction wheel is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the vertical support frame and is connected to the output shaft of the lifting drive motor;

[0019] The traction guide wheel is located at the top of the vertical support frame;

[0020] The lifting traction belt is wound around the lifting traction wheel, with one end fixed and the other end passing around the traction guide wheel and connecting to the lifting connecting seat.

[0021] The lifting drive motor drives the lifting traction wheel to rotate, and by winding or releasing the lifting traction belt, it pulls the lifting connecting seat up or down along the lifting guide rail.

[0022] Furthermore, the horizontal movement component includes:

[0023] The horizontal guide frame is slidably connected to the lifting connecting seat;

[0024] A horizontal drive mechanism is used to drive the horizontal guide frame to move horizontally;

[0025] The lifting connecting seat is provided with a horizontal guide groove, and the horizontal guide frame is fitted and slidably disposed in the horizontal guide groove;

[0026] The horizontal drive mechanism includes a translation drive motor, a translation gear, and a translation rack;

[0027] The translation rack is mounted on the horizontal guide frame;

[0028] The translation gear is rotatably mounted on the lifting connecting seat and meshes with the translation rack;

[0029] The translation drive motor is connected to the translation gear transmission to drive its rotation;

[0030] The translation drive motor drives the translation gear to rotate, which in turn drives the horizontal guide frame to move horizontally along the horizontal guide groove through the translation rack.

[0031] Furthermore, the horizontal guide frame is provided with a sliding connection groove perpendicular to its length direction;

[0032] The clamping guide frame is slidably connected to the horizontal guide frame via a sliding connecting groove;

[0033] The spacing adjustment mechanism is a pneumatic telescopic rod, the cylinder of which is connected to the horizontal guide frame, and the end of the telescopic rod is connected to the clamping guide frame.

[0034] The pneumatic telescopic rod extends and retracts, driving the gripping guide frame to move along the sliding connecting groove, thereby adjusting the distance between the pair of gripping guide frames.

[0035] Furthermore, a linkage slider is fixedly installed on the outer side of the gripping guide frame, and a linkage inclined surface is formed on the linkage slider. The pneumatic telescopic rod is arranged parallel to the horizontal guide frame, and its cylinder body is connected to the horizontal guide frame as a fixed end. A drive slider is slidably connected in the middle of the horizontal guide frame. The drive slider is connected to the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod. A top pressure inclined surface that cooperates with the linkage inclined surface is formed on the side of the drive slider. A return spring is connected between the gripping guide frame and the horizontal guide frame.

[0036] Furthermore, each of the clamping guide frames is equipped with a clamping conveyor wheel, a fixed guide wheel, a conveying drive wheel, and a clamping conveyor belt surrounding it. Multiple clamping conveyor wheels are arranged in the middle along the length direction of the clamping guide frame. The fixed guide wheel and the conveying drive wheel are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the clamping guide frame. The conveying drive wheel is connected to a conveying drive motor. The clamping conveyor belt is wrapped around and tensioned on the clamping conveyor wheel, the fixed guide wheel, and the conveying drive wheel. The conveying drive motor drives the conveying drive wheel to rotate, thereby driving the clamping conveyor belt to rotate.

[0037] Furthermore, the clamping conveyor wheel is connected to the clamping guide frame through an elastic buffer structure. The elastic buffer structure includes a fixed guide sleeve, a sliding guide rod, and a clamping spring. The fixed guide sleeve is fixed to the clamping guide frame. One end of the sliding guide rod is connected to the axle of the clamping conveyor wheel, and the other end is nested and slidably disposed inside the fixed guide sleeve. The clamping spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding guide rod and elastically biased between the fixed guide sleeve and the axle of the clamping conveyor wheel or the end of the sliding guide rod. The front ends of the two symmetrically arranged clamping guide frames form a conical opening structure.

[0038] When clamping the wheel, the clamping conveyor wheel can overcome the elastic force of the clamping spring and slide along the fixed guide sleeve under the action of external force, so that multiple clamping conveyor wheels together form an arc-shaped clamping structure that matches the curvature of the wheel side.

[0039] Furthermore, the rear end of the clamping guide frame is provided with a fitting guide groove, and a tension adjusting frame is slidably fitted inside the fitting guide groove. The conveying drive wheel is rotatably located at the rear end of the tension adjusting frame. A tension spring is provided between the fitting guide groove and the tension adjusting frame. A linkage magnet is fixed on the tension adjusting frame, and an adjusting electromagnet is provided in the middle of the fitting guide groove corresponding to the linkage magnet.

[0040] Furthermore, a support base plate is provided at the bottom of the central storage tank, and lifting telescopic rods are connected to both the left and right ends of the support base plate. The fixed end and telescopic end of the lifting telescopic rods are respectively connected to the mobile chassis and the support base plate, and multiple support rollers are evenly arranged in the middle of the support base plate.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: As can be seen from the above description, the automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment provided by the present invention mainly consists of a mobile carrying platform and a conveying and palletizing mechanism above it. It achieves flexible movement through an omnidirectional moving mechanism. It has a central storage slot for temporarily storing wheels. The palletizing mechanism drives the clamping and conveying component to be positioned through lifting and horizontal moving components. This component uses a pair of adjustable-spacing clamping guide frames and clamping conveyor belts on them to achieve stable clamping and lateral conveying of wheels. It can clamp wheels and temporarily store them in the central slot, integrating transfer and palletizing functions into one, eliminating the secondary handling link of forklifts, and realizing batch transfer through the central slot, thereby improving the flow efficiency from the production line to the warehouse. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mobile carrier platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the bearing base plate in the lowered state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vertical support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting traction belt according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the clamping guide frame in operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal guide frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping guide frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a partial front end structure of the clamping guide frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the tension adjustment frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0056] 1. Mobile support platform; 101. Mobile chassis; 102. Mecanum wheel; 103. Travel drive motor; 2. Vertical support frame; 201. Lifting guide rail; 202. Traction guide wheel; 203. Lifting traction belt; 204. Lifting traction wheel; 205. Lifting drive motor; 3. Lifting connecting seat; 301. Horizontal guide groove; 302. Translation gear; 303. Translation drive motor; 4. Horizontal guide frame; 401. Translation rack; 402. Sliding connecting groove; 403. Pneumatic telescopic rod; 404. Drive slider; 405. Top pressure inclined surface; 5. Clamp 501. Guide frame; 502. Fixed guide wheel; 503. Fitting guide groove; 504. Linkage slider; 505. Linkage inclined plane; 506. Return spring; 6. Clamping conveyor wheel; 601. Sliding guide rod; 602. Clamping spring; 603. Fixed guide sleeve; 604. Clamping conveyor belt; 7. Tension adjusting frame; 701. Conveyor drive wheel; 702. Conveyor drive motor; 703. Tension spring; 704. Linkage magnet; 705. Adjusting electromagnet; 8. Central storage tank; 801. Bearing base plate; 802. Bearing roller; 803. Lifting telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0058] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, an automatic wheel transfer and palletizing device includes:

[0060] The mobile support platform 1 includes a mobile chassis 101 and an omnidirectional moving mechanism disposed at the bottom of the mobile chassis 101. The mobile chassis 101 is provided with a central storage slot 8 for receiving and temporarily storing wheels.

[0061] A conveying and palletizing mechanism, positioned above the mobile chassis 101, includes:

[0062] Vertical support frame 2 is vertically fixed to the mobile chassis 101;

[0063] The lifting assembly is vertically slidably connected to the vertical support frame 2;

[0064] The horizontal moving component is horizontally slidably connected to the lifting component and can rise and fall synchronously with the lifting component;

[0065] The clamping and conveying assembly is connected to the horizontal moving assembly and can move synchronously with the horizontal moving assembly. The clamping and conveying assembly includes a pair of clamping guide frames 5 arranged opposite each other, and a spacing adjustment mechanism that drives the pair of clamping guide frames 5 to move closer or further away from each other. Each clamping guide frame 5 is provided with a clamping conveying belt 604 driven by a power component.

[0066] The omnidirectional moving mechanism, lifting component, horizontal moving component and spacing adjustment mechanism work together to move the gripping and conveying component to the target position. The wheel is gripped or released by adjusting the spacing of a pair of gripping guide frames 5. At the same time, the lateral input or output of the wheel is achieved by the operation of the gripping conveyor belt 604, thereby completing the automatic transfer and stacking of the wheel.

[0067] In this embodiment, the equipment mainly consists of two parts: a mobile support platform 1 and a conveying and palletizing mechanism. The mobile support platform 1 serves as the mobile foundation of the equipment, and its mobile chassis 101 is equipped with an omnidirectional moving mechanism at its bottom, enabling the equipment to move flexibly and freely in any direction, including forward, lateral, diagonal, and rotational movements. A central storage slot 8 is specially provided in the middle area of ​​the mobile chassis 101, which is used to temporarily support and store the wheels during transportation. The conveying and palletizing mechanism is three-dimensionally arranged above the mobile chassis 101, and its core support structure is a vertical support frame 2, which is firmly fixed to the mobile chassis 101. The lifting connecting seat 3 is connected to the vertical support frame 2. The support frame 2 forms a vertical sliding connection, allowing for vertical lifting and lowering. The horizontal moving component then forms a horizontal sliding connection with the lifting connecting seat 3, and can move up and down together with the lifting connecting seat 3. A clamping and conveying component is connected inside the horizontal moving component, and it can move synchronously with the horizontal moving component. This clamping and conveying component includes a pair of relatively movable clamping guide frames 5, driven to move closer or further apart by a spacing adjustment mechanism. Each clamping guide frame 5 is independently equipped with a clamping conveyor belt 604 driven by a power component, used to directly contact and drive the wheel. During actual operation, the entire equipment can autonomously move to the wheel production line for unloading via the omnidirectional moving mechanism. At a temporary storage point or storage location, the lifting and horizontal moving components work together to adjust the position of the gripping conveyor assembly, aligning it with the target wheel. The spacing adjustment mechanism then activates, driving a pair of gripping guide frames 5 to close, securing the wheel firmly with the gripping conveyor belt 604. The gripping conveyor belt 604 then rotates, allowing the wheels to be laterally input and temporarily and neatly stacked in the central storage tank 8 of the mobile chassis 101. At this point, the equipment can carry these wheels and flexibly transfer them to a designated warehouse location or the next workstation. Upon reaching the target location, the equipment can again operate the gripping conveyor assembly to grip, output, and stack the wheels one by one from the central storage tank 8 onto a designated pallet or shelf. The entire process is integrated, from grabbing, temporary storage, transfer to final palletizing. The palletizing and transfer functions are integrated into one automated device, enabling continuous transfer and palletizing operations. This eliminates the intermediate links that traditional methods require forklifts and other tools for secondary handling, significantly shortening the logistics cycle and greatly improving the overall flow efficiency of wheels from the production line to the warehouse. Furthermore, the device has a built-in central storage tank 8 as a temporary buffer area for wheels, which allows for the transfer of multiple wheels at once, improving the efficiency of a single operation and reducing reliance on fixed conveyor belts and intermediate temporary storage areas. This helps optimize the spatial layout of the entire workshop, making the logistics path simpler and more efficient.

[0068] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, preferably, a Mecanum wheel 102 is installed at each of the four corners of the bottom of the mobile chassis 101. Each Mecanum wheel 102 is independently connected to a travel drive motor 103. The travel drive motor 103 is a servo motor, which provides power to drive its rotation. The control system independently and coordinately controls the speed and direction of each travel drive motor 103. The special roller structure of the four Mecanum wheels 102 will generate frictional forces in different directions, thereby synthesizing the force in the required direction, and finally driving the entire mobile carrier platform 1 to achieve omnidirectional movement including straight, lateral, diagonal, and stationary rotation.

[0069] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, preferably, the device has a lifting guide rail 201 fixedly installed on the vertical support frame 2 as a guiding reference for the entire lifting movement. A lifting connecting seat 3 cooperates with the lifting guide rail 201 to achieve a stable and smooth vertical sliding connection. The driving part is a lifting drive mechanism, which mainly consists of a lifting drive motor 205, a lifting traction wheel 204, a traction guide wheel 202, and a lifting traction belt 203. The lifting traction wheel 204 is installed at the bottom of the vertical support frame 2, and its shaft is directly connected to the output end of the lifting drive motor 205. At the top of the vertical support frame 2, the traction guide wheel 202 is installed to change the direction of the traction cable. The lifting traction belt 203 is wound around the lifting traction wheel 204, with one end fixed and the other end... After passing over the top traction guide wheel 202, the end of the cable moves downwards and connects to the lifting connecting seat 3. When lifting is required, the lifting drive motor 205 starts, driving the lifting traction wheel 204 to rotate, thereby winding the lifting traction belt 203. The traction cable pulls the lifting connecting seat 3 through the traction guide wheel 202, causing it to slide upwards along the lifting guide rail 201. Conversely, when lowering is required, the lifting drive motor 205 rotates in the opposite direction, releasing the lifting traction belt 203. Under its own weight or the gravity of the driven object, the lifting connecting seat 3 descends smoothly along the lifting guide rail 201, completing a complete lifting cycle. The lifting drive motor 205 is a servo motor, and by controlling the rotation angle of the lifting drive motor 205, the stopping position of the lifting connecting seat 3 can be controlled.

[0070] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, preferably, the core component of the horizontal movement assembly of the equipment is a horizontal guide frame 4. This guide frame is slidably connected to the lower lifting connecting seat 3, enabling free horizontal movement. A horizontal guide groove 301 is provided on the lifting connecting seat 3, and the horizontal guide frame 4 is embedded and slidably installed inside this guide groove, forming a stable and reliable sliding pair. The power to drive the horizontal guide frame 4 comes from a horizontal drive mechanism, which adopts a gear and rack transmission scheme. The translation rack 401 is directly fixedly installed on the horizontal guide frame 4, and... The meshing translation gear 302 is rotatably mounted on the lifting connecting seat 3 via bearings. A translation drive motor 303 is connected to the translation gear 302. The translation drive motor 303 is a servo motor that provides power to the translation gear 302. When horizontal movement is required, the translation drive motor 303 starts and drives the translation gear 302 to rotate. Since the translation rack 401 is fixed, the rotating gear will travel along the rack, thereby driving the entire horizontal guide frame 4 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion along the horizontal guide groove 301 to expand the overall working range of the equipment.

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, preferably, the device has a sliding connection groove 402 perpendicular to its length direction on the horizontal guide frame 4. A pair of gripping guide frames 5 are slidably connected to the horizontal guide frame 4 through this sliding connection groove 402, so that their movement direction is constrained to move closer or further apart. The power source for adjusting the distance is a pneumatic telescopic rod 403, which is installed parallel to the horizontal guide frame 4. Its cylinder is connected to the horizontal guide frame 4 as a fixed end. To realize the transmission and conversion of force, a linkage slider 503 is fixedly installed on the outside of the gripping guide frame 5. The linkage slider 503 is machined with a linkage inclined surface 504. A drive slider 404 is slidably installed in the middle of the horizontal guide frame 4. This drive slider 404 is directly connected to the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod 403, and its side is machined with a pressing inclined surface 405 that cooperates with the linkage inclined surface 504. In addition, a return spring 505 is connected between the gripping guide frame 5 and the horizontal guide frame 4. When the wheel needs to be clamped, the pneumatic telescopic rod 403 extends, pushing the drive slider 404 to move. The top pressure inclined surface 405 on the drive slider 404 then contacts and slides relative to the linkage inclined surfaces 504 on the two linkage sliders 503, converting the horizontal thrust generated by the pneumatic telescopic rod 403 into a lateral thrust perpendicular to its direction of movement. Through the inclined surface mechanism, the axial thrust of the pneumatic telescopic rod 403 is converted into a lateral clamping force, thereby synchronously driving the two linkage sliders 503 and the clamping guide frame 5 connected thereto to overcome the tension of the return spring 505, move closer to each other, and complete the clamping action. When the wheel needs to be released, the pneumatic telescopic rod 403 retracts, pulling the drive slider 404 back to its original position. At this time, the stretched return spring 505 releases its stored elastic potential energy, pulling the two clamping guide frames 5 away from each other and back to their initial positions, thus achieving release.

[0072] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, preferably, each clamping guide frame 5 is independently equipped with a complete belt conveyor system. This system consists of clamping conveyor wheels 6, fixed guide wheels 501, conveyor drive wheels 701, and clamping conveyor belts 604 surrounding them. Multiple clamping conveyor wheels 6 are arranged in a row along the length of the clamping guide frame 5 in its central section. The fixed guide wheels 501 and conveyor drive wheels 701 are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the clamping guide frame 5. The conveyor drive wheels 701 are connected to a conveyor drive motor 702, serving as the main power source for the entire conveying system. The clamping conveyor belt 604 tightly wraps around and tensions all the clamping conveyor wheels 6, fixed guide wheels 501, and conveyor drive wheels 701, forming a closed annular transmission belt. When a wheel needs to be conveyed, the conveyor drive motor 702 starts and drives the conveyor drive wheel 701 to rotate. Through the friction between the belt and the wheel, the clamping conveyor belt 604 is driven to circulate. When a pair of clamping guide frames 5 close and clamp the wheel, the clamping conveyor belts 604, which operate synchronously on both sides, drive the wheel to move laterally through the contact friction with the side of the wheel, thus achieving precise input or output.

[0073] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, preferably, each of the clamping conveyor wheels 6 of the device is not rigidly installed, but is connected to the clamping guide frame 5 through a set of elastic buffer structure. The elastic buffer structure consists of three core components: a fixed guide sleeve 603, a sliding guide rod 601, and a clamping spring 602. The fixed guide sleeve 603 is firmly fixed to the body of the clamping guide frame 5. One end of the sliding guide rod 601 is connected to the axle of the clamping conveyor wheel 6, while the other end is slidably nested inside the fixed guide sleeve 603. The clamping spring 602 is sleeved outside the sliding guide rod 601, with its two ends elastically pressing against the fixed guide sleeve 603 and the axle frame of the clamping conveyor wheel 6, thus continuously providing a tendency for the clamping conveyor wheel 6 to pop outwards. Furthermore, the two symmetrically arranged clamping guide frames 5 together form an outwardly open conical opening structure at their front ends. When the equipment moves to clamp the wheel, the conical opening first contacts the wheel, providing initial guidance and centering. As the clamping guide frames 5 continue to close, the sides of the wheel begin to compress... Each of the clamping conveyor wheels 6 can independently overcome the elastic force of its own clamping spring 602, pushing the sliding guide rod 601 to retract into the fixed guide sleeve 603. Since the multiple conveyor wheels are arranged vertically, their respective retraction displacement will be automatically adjusted according to the actual curvature of the wheel side. Ultimately, the working surfaces of all these conveyor wheels together form an arc-shaped clamping structure that fits the wheel side. Thus, the elastic buffer structure allows each clamping conveyor wheel 6 to independently adapt to the local contour of the wheel side. The arc-shaped clamping surface formed by multiple wheels can achieve a large-area close contact with the wheel in a wrapping manner, solving the point contact or line contact problem of rigid clamping. The significant increase in contact area is directly converted into static friction, ensuring that the wheel can be stably clamped during transfer and lifting, reducing the risk of slippage. The evenly distributed clamping force also significantly improves the equipment's load-bearing capacity for heavy wheels.

[0074] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, preferably, the device has a fitting guide groove 502 at the rear end of the clamping guide frame 5. A tension adjusting frame 7 is slidably fitted inside this guide groove. The conveyor drive wheel 701, which provides the active force, is not directly mounted on the clamping guide frame 5, but is rotatably mounted at the rear end of the tension adjusting frame 7. A tension spring 703 is installed between the fitting guide groove 502 and the tension adjusting frame 7. This spring continuously provides an elastic preload to the tension adjusting frame 7 and the conveyor drive wheel 701 mounted on it, causing them to move backward, thereby maintaining the basic tension of the clamping conveyor belt 604 and constituting basic passive tension adjustment. To achieve active control, a linkage magnet 704 is fixedly installed on the tension adjusting frame 7. At the fitting guide groove 502 of the clamping guide frame 5, corresponding to the linkage magnet 704, an adjusting electromagnet 705 is fixedly installed. By changing the magnitude and direction of the current supplied to the adjusting electromagnet 705 through an external control system, its tension can be controlled. The strength and polarity of the generated magnetic force repel or attract the linkage magnet 704. This magnetic force pushes or pulls the tension adjusting frame 7, causing it to overcome or assist the force of the tension spring 703, thereby sliding forward or backward along the fitting guide groove 502. This changes the position of the conveyor drive wheel 701, thus realizing dynamic, real-time, and adjustable control of the tension of the clamped conveyor belt 604. It can respond to changes in working conditions in real time. When slippage of the clamped conveyor belt 604 or an increase in load is detected, the control system increases the current supplied to the adjusting electromagnet 705 to enhance belt tension. When the clamped conveyor wheel 6 moves inward to fit the wheel, causing potential belt slack, the system can immediately apply magnetic force to increase tension, avoiding the risks of belt slippage, detachment, or even drive instability. This ensures the reliability of the conveying action, facilitates adaptation to the changing needs brought about by the elastic clamping structure of the equipment itself, and can set the most suitable belt tension for different loads and different operating speeds. This avoids additional friction loss and motor overload caused by excessive tension, improving the overall stability of the equipment operation.

[0075] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, preferably, the central storage tank 8 on the mobile chassis 101 of the equipment has a bottom that is not a fixed structure, but an independent support base plate 801. The left and right ends of the support base plate 801 are respectively connected to the telescopic ends of a set of lifting telescopic rods 803. The fixed ends of the lifting telescopic rods 803 are installed on the mobile chassis 101. By controlling the extension and retraction of the lifting telescopic rods 803, the support base plate 801 can be driven to rise or fall smoothly in the central storage tank 8. In the middle area of ​​the support base plate 801, multiple freely rotatable support rollers 802 are evenly installed along the wheel movement direction. When the equipment needs to unload the stacked wheels temporarily stored in the central storage tank 8 at once, the lifting telescopic rod 803 is first controlled to slowly retract, so that the support base plate 801 and the stack of wheels on it fall smoothly together until the support base plate 801 falls. 1. The wheels are fully attached to the external ground or receiving platform. Then, the clamping and conveying assembly moves, and its clamping guide frame 5 closes. The clamping conveyor belt 604 tightly clamps the bottom wheel of the stack of wheels. Then, the clamping conveyor belt 604 continues to rotate, driving the bottom wheel to move horizontally through friction. Due to the static friction between the stack of wheels and the pressure above, the movement of the bottom wheel will drive all the wheels above it as a whole. The bearing roller 802 greatly reduces the sliding friction, so it can slide smoothly and synchronously out of the central storage tank 8 along the bearing roller 802 on the bearing base plate 801 with low resistance. This achieves the one-time unloading of the entire stack of wheels, realizing the one-time overall transfer and unloading of the stacked wheels. It reduces the operation cycle of repeatedly performing single stacking actions at fixed loading and unloading points and improves the efficiency of batch loading and unloading operations.

[0076] The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment provided by this invention mainly consists of a mobile carrying platform 1 and a conveying and palletizing mechanism above it. It can move flexibly through an omnidirectional moving mechanism. It has a central storage slot 8 for temporarily storing wheels. The palletizing mechanism drives the clamping and conveying component to be positioned through lifting and horizontal moving components. This component uses a pair of adjustable-spacing clamping guide frames 5 and a clamping conveyor belt 604 on them to achieve stable clamping and lateral conveying of wheels. It can clamp wheels and temporarily store them in the central slot, integrating transfer and palletizing functions into one, eliminating the secondary handling link of forklifts. Batch transfer is achieved through the central slot, improving the flow efficiency from the production line to the warehouse.

[0077] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the invention is limited to these examples; within the framework of the invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An automatic wheel transfer and palletizing device, characterized in that, include: The mobile carrying platform (1) includes a mobile chassis (101) and an omnidirectional moving mechanism disposed at the bottom of the mobile chassis (101). The mobile chassis (101) is provided with a central storage groove (8) for receiving and temporarily storing wheels. A conveying and palletizing mechanism, disposed above the mobile chassis (101), includes: A vertical support frame (2) is vertically fixed to the movable chassis (101); The lifting assembly is vertically slidably connected to the vertical support frame (2); A horizontally moving component is slidably connected to the lifting component and can move up and down synchronously with the lifting component; The clamping and conveying assembly is connected to the horizontal moving assembly and can move synchronously with the horizontal moving assembly. The clamping and conveying assembly includes a pair of clamping guide frames (5) arranged opposite to each other, and a spacing adjustment mechanism that drives the pair of clamping guide frames (5) to move closer or further away from each other. Each clamping guide frame (5) is provided with a clamping conveying belt (604) driven by a power component. The omnidirectional moving mechanism, the lifting component, the horizontal moving component, and the spacing adjustment mechanism work together to move the clamping and conveying component to the target position. The wheel is clamped or released by adjusting the spacing of the pair of clamping guide frames (5). At the same time, the lateral input or output of the wheel is achieved by the operation of the clamping conveyor belt (604), thereby completing the automatic transfer and stacking operation of the wheel.

2. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The omnidirectional movement mechanism includes four Mecanum wheels (102) and a walking drive motor (103) that drives the Mecanum wheels (102).

3. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes: The lifting guide rail (201) is fixedly installed on the vertical support frame (2); The lifting connecting seat (3) is vertically slidably connected to the vertical support frame (2) via the lifting guide rail (201); The lifting drive mechanism includes a lifting drive motor (205), a lifting traction wheel (204), a traction guide wheel (202), and a lifting traction belt (203); The lifting traction wheel (204) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the vertical support frame (2) and connected to the output shaft of the lifting drive motor (205); The traction guide wheel (202) is disposed on the top of the vertical support frame (2); The lifting traction belt (203) is wound around the lifting traction wheel (204), with one end fixed and the other end passing around the traction guide wheel (202) and connected to the lifting connecting seat (3); The lifting drive motor (205) drives the lifting traction wheel (204) to rotate, and by winding or releasing the lifting traction belt (203), the lifting connecting seat (3) is pulled up or down along the lifting guide rail (201).

4. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal movement component includes: The horizontal guide frame (4) is slidably connected to the lifting connecting seat (3); A horizontal drive mechanism is used to drive the horizontal guide frame (4) to move horizontally; The lifting connecting seat (3) is provided with a horizontal guide groove (301), and the horizontal guide frame (4) is fitted and slidably disposed in the horizontal guide groove (301); The horizontal drive mechanism includes a translation drive motor (303), a translation gear (302), and a translation rack (401); The translation rack (401) is mounted on the horizontal guide frame (4); The translation gear (302) is rotatably mounted on the lifting connecting seat (3) and meshes with the translation rack (401); The translation drive motor (303) is connected to the translation gear (302) for driving its rotation; The translation drive motor (303) drives the translation gear (302) to rotate, and then the translation rack (401) drives the horizontal guide frame (4) to move horizontally along the horizontal guide groove (301).

5. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The horizontal guide frame (4) is provided with a sliding connection groove (402) perpendicular to its length direction; The clamping guide frame (5) is slidably connected to the horizontal guide frame (4) through the sliding connecting groove (402); The spacing adjustment mechanism is a pneumatic telescopic rod (403), the cylinder of the pneumatic telescopic rod (403) is connected to the horizontal guide frame (4), and the end of its telescopic rod is connected to the clamping guide frame (5); The pneumatic telescopic rod (403) is used to extend and retract, thereby driving the clamping guide (5) to move along the sliding connecting groove (402) to adjust the distance between the pair of clamping guides (5).

6. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A linkage slider (503) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the gripping guide frame (5). A linkage inclined surface (504) is formed on the linkage slider (503). The pneumatic telescopic rod (403) is arranged parallel to the horizontal guide frame (4). Its cylinder body is connected to the horizontal guide frame (4) as a fixed end. A drive slider (404) is slidably connected in the middle of the horizontal guide frame (4). The drive slider (404) is connected to the telescopic end of the pneumatic telescopic rod (403). A top pressure inclined surface (405) that cooperates with the linkage inclined surface (504) is formed on the side of the drive slider (404). A return spring (505) is connected between the gripping guide frame (5) and the horizontal guide frame (4).

7. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the clamping guide frames (5) is provided with a clamping conveyor wheel (6), a fixed guide wheel (501), a conveying drive wheel (701), and a clamping conveyor belt (604) arranged around it. Multiple clamping conveyor wheels (6) are arranged in the middle along the length direction of the clamping guide frame (5). The fixed guide wheel (501) and the conveying drive wheel (701) are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the clamping guide frame (5). The conveying drive wheel (701) is connected to a conveying drive motor (702). The clamping conveyor belt (604) is wrapped around and tensioned on the clamping conveyor wheel (6), the fixed guide wheel (501), and the conveying drive wheel (701). The conveying drive motor (702) drives the conveying drive wheel (701) to rotate, thereby driving the clamping conveyor belt (604) to rotate.

8. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping conveyor wheel (6) is connected to the clamping guide frame (5) through an elastic buffer structure. The elastic buffer structure includes a fixed guide sleeve (603), a sliding guide rod (601), and a clamping spring (602). The fixed guide sleeve (603) is fixed on the clamping guide frame (5). One end of the sliding guide rod (601) is connected to the wheel axle of the clamping conveyor wheel (6), and the other end is nested and slidably disposed inside the fixed guide sleeve (603). The clamping spring (602) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding guide rod (601) and elastically biased between the fixed guide sleeve (603) and the wheel axle of the clamping conveyor wheel (6) or the end of the sliding guide rod (601). The front ends of the two symmetrically arranged clamping guide frames (5) form a conical opening structure. When clamping the wheel, the clamping conveyor wheel (6) can overcome the elastic force of the clamping spring (602) and slide along the fixed guide sleeve (603) under the action of external force, so that multiple clamping conveyor wheels (6) together form an arc-shaped clamping structure that matches the curvature of the wheel side.

9. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rear end of the clamping guide frame (5) is provided with a fitting guide groove (502), and a tension adjusting frame (7) is fitted and slidably arranged inside the fitting guide groove (502). The conveying drive wheel (701) is rotatably arranged at the rear end of the tension adjusting frame (7). A tension spring (703) is arranged between the fitting guide groove (502) and the tension adjusting frame (7). A linkage magnet (704) is fixed on the tension adjusting frame (7). An adjusting electromagnet (705) is arranged in the middle of the fitting guide groove (502) corresponding to the linkage magnet (704).

10. The automatic wheel transfer and palletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the central storage tank (8) is provided with a support base plate (801). The left and right ends of the support base plate (801) are connected to lifting telescopic rods (803). The fixed end and the telescopic end of the lifting telescopic rods (803) are connected to the mobile chassis (101) and the support base plate (801) respectively. Multiple support rollers (802) are evenly arranged in the middle of the support base plate (801).

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