Man-machine interaction control construction system device suitable for plateau extremely cold environment
By integrating a mechanical exoskeleton, an AR head-mounted display, intelligent protective clothing, and a central processing module, the intelligent construction system has solved the problems of low construction efficiency, difficulty in ensuring accuracy, and low human-machine collaboration in high-altitude and extremely cold environments. It has achieved improvements in construction accuracy and efficiency as well as the protection of personnel safety, forming an end-to-end digital construction closed loop.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511725154.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
AI Technical Summary
In extreme climates such as high altitude and extreme cold, traditional construction methods suffer from low efficiency and difficulty in ensuring accuracy in construction surveying and setting out, inability to monitor the health status of personnel in real time, isolated functions of intelligent equipment, low degree of human-machine collaboration, a disconnect between design information and on-site construction, and reliance on worker experience, which is prone to errors.
A human-machine interactive control construction system is adopted, including components such as a mechanical exoskeleton, an AR head-mounted display, an intelligent protective suit, a vital signs monitoring system, and a central processing module. The system provides unified spatiotemporal positioning through a satellite navigation module, achieves deep information fusion through the AR head-mounted display, provides power assistance through the mechanical exoskeleton, monitors health status in real time through the intelligent protective suit, and performs data fusion and decision-making through the central processing module, forming an intelligent construction system that coordinates "human, machine, and environment".
It has achieved a qualitative leap in construction precision and efficiency, ensured personnel safety and health, improved the level of human-machine collaboration, constructed an end-to-end digital intelligent construction closed loop, and solved construction problems in extreme environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN121562020A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the fields of intelligent construction and high-end equipment manufacturing technology, specifically to a method and system that uses parametric modeling by a central processing module to accurately map data to the physical site, thereby guiding and enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of manual construction while simultaneously ensuring personnel safety and health. This system is particularly suitable for extreme climatic conditions such as high altitudes and extreme cold, integrating high-precision spatial positioning and enhancing collaborative construction through augmented reality (AR), human functional support, intelligent life support, and central intelligent scheduling. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of global infrastructure construction, major engineering projects such as railways, highways, and energy bases in high-altitude and extremely cold regions such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Arctic Circle are increasing. These extreme environments are often accompanied by low oxygen, low temperature, strong ultraviolet radiation, complex terrain and frequent extreme weather, which bring unprecedented severe challenges to traditional construction methods. These challenges mainly include: (1) Difficulty and high risk of manual construction: Low oxygen environment can easily lead to altitude sickness in workers, low temperature environment can lead to a significant decrease in manual efficiency, frostbite and physical exhaustion, which seriously threaten the health and safety of personnel. Heavy cold-proof clothing also limits the flexibility and precision of workers' operations. At the same time, the risk of construction accidents in extreme environments increases significantly, and the delay in emergency rescue will directly threaten life safety; (2) Serious degradation of mechanical equipment performance: Conventional engineering machinery faces a series of problems such as difficulty in starting, hydraulic system failure and brittle metal materials at extremely low temperatures, the failure rate increases sharply and the construction efficiency is seriously reduced; (3) Insufficient accuracy of construction measurement and positioning: The terrain in high-altitude areas is complex, and traditional optical measurement methods are greatly affected by the weather and have low efficiency. Extreme environments cause multipath effects and ionospheric interference to satellite signals, making it difficult for conventional RTK positioning equipment to meet the high-standard construction requirements in terms of accuracy and stability; (4) Unknown personnel status and management blind spots: Traditional management models cannot perceive the physiological status of each worker in real time (such as blood oxygen, heart rate, and body temperature). In extreme environments, personnel health risks are hidden and develop rapidly, and managers cannot provide advance warnings and scientific scheduling, resulting in huge safety hazards; (5) Low efficiency of information perception and collaborative interaction: Information transmission at the construction site relies on paper drawings or traditional tablet computers, which are inconvenient and inefficient to operate in the cold environment. There is a lack of a unified, intuitive, and real-time information interaction and collaboration platform between management personnel, on-site workers, and construction machinery.
[0003] In order to address the above challenges, "intelligent construction" technology has been developing in recent years, but existing solutions still have significant defects: (1) single automated machinery has poor adaptability in extremely complex and uncertain environments; (2) isolated intelligent equipment (such as individual mechanical exoskeletons, AR glasses or protective clothing) lacks system-level integration, data is fragmented, and it is impossible to form a closed loop of "perception-decision-execution-guarantee"; (3) most existing systems focus on improving mechanical automation or construction informatization, seriously neglecting the safety, health and efficiency of the core element "human" in extreme environments, and lacking systematic optimization of the relationship between human, machine and environment.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a highly integrated intelligent construction system designed for extreme climates and prioritizing human safety. This system should effectively overcome the constraints of extreme environments by providing unified spatiotemporal positioning for people and machinery through the host's satellite system; achieving deep integration and intuitive interaction between digital information and the physical world through an AR head-mounted display; enhancing and protecting the work capabilities of construction personnel under extreme conditions and ensuring their safety through a mechanical exoskeleton; monitoring and maintaining the health and safety status of construction personnel in real time through an intelligent life-sustaining protective suit; and finally, connecting information between people, machines, and the environment through an intelligent central dispatch system to form a collaborative intelligent construction system integrating people, machines, and the environment. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to solve the following technical problems of traditional construction mode in extreme climate environments such as high altitude and extreme cold: (1) Construction surveying and setting out are constrained by the environment, resulting in low efficiency and difficulty in ensuring accuracy; (2) In extreme environments, personnel face the threat of low temperature and hypoxia, and their health status cannot be monitored in real time, resulting in high safety risks; (3) The functions of various intelligent equipment (such as mechanical exoskeletons, AR devices, host computers, and intelligent protective clothing) are isolated, failing to form a system synergy, and the degree of human-machine collaboration is low; (4) There is a gap between design information and on-site construction, relying on workers' experience, which is prone to errors.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A human-computer interaction control construction system device suitable for high-altitude and extremely cold environments includes: a back support 1, a hydraulic rod 2, a drive motor 3, a signal receiver 4, a thigh connecting rod 5, a lower leg connecting rod 6, a foot base 7, a connecting bent rod 8, an arm connecting rod 9, a hip joint base 10, a thigh strap 11, a knee turntable 12, a lower leg strap 13, a hydraulic connecting rod 14, a fixing strap 15, a hip restraint ring 16, a central processing module 17, a posture sensor 18, an AR head-mounted display 19, a safety helmet 20, a head strap 21, a lidar module 22, a horizontal control module 23, a satellite navigation module 24, a main unit 25, a pole body 26, an intelligent protective suit 27, an adaptive temperature control system 28, and a vital signs monitoring system 29; The invention is characterized by a human-computer interactive control construction system device suitable for high-altitude and extremely cold environments. Its exoskeleton is fixed to the shoulders by a fixing strap 15 and connected to a drive motor 3 and a connecting rod 8 via a back support 1, serving as the core load-bearing structure of the entire system. A support frame includes a back support 1 for conforming to the human back. A power drive unit, fixedly mounted on the back support 1, includes a drive motor 3 and a hydraulic rod 2 driven by the drive motor 3. The drive motor 3 is connected to a signal receiver 4 for receiving external control commands. A limb movement execution mechanism includes: an upper limb connection part, consisting of a connecting rod 8 connected to the upper part of the back support 1 and an arm connecting rod 9; and a lower limb drive part, including a hip joint connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod 2. The system comprises: a base 10; a thigh link 5 hinged to the hip joint base 10; a lower leg link 6 hinged to the distal end of the thigh link 5 via a knee turntable 12; and a foot plate 7 located at the distal end of the lower leg link 6; a hydraulic assist link 14, one end of which is hinged to the thigh link 5 or the lower leg link 6, and the other end linked to the output end of the hydraulic rod 2; a human body fixation system, including a fixation strap 15 mounted on the back support 1, a hip restraint ring 16 located at the hip position of the limb movement actuator, a thigh strap 11, and a lower leg strap 13; and a drive motor 3 that drives the hydraulic rod 2 to extend and retract, thereby transmitting power to the thigh link 5 and the lower leg link 6 via the hydraulic assist link 14 to assist the wearer's lower limbs in flexion and extension movements during walking. The mechanical exoskeleton module provides limb assistance to construction workers. The mechanical exoskeleton is characterized as a modular, wearable power assist device, comprising an upper limb exoskeleton and a lower limb exoskeleton, used to provide precise power assistance and support for corresponding body parts of workers in extreme environments, reducing labor load and improving operational stability and precision. The upper limb exoskeleton is characterized by comprising a back support 1, a hydraulic rod 2, a connecting bend 8, an arm link 9, a fixing strap 15, and a hip restraint ring 16. The back support 1 serves as the core load-bearing base of the system and is tightly fitted to the user's torso via the fixing strap 15. When the user makes an arm movement, the hydraulic rod 2 responds and dynamically contracts, transmitting the contraction to the arm link 9 via the connecting bend 8, thereby enabling the user's limb to complete the designated movement. Furthermore, the reaction force of this action is transmitted downwards via the hydraulic rod 2 and effectively distributed and borne by the hip restraint ring 16.
[0007] The lower limb exoskeleton is characterized by comprising a drive motor 3, a signal receiver 4, a thigh link 5, a calf link 6, a foot plate 7, a hip joint base 10, a thigh strap 11, a knee turntable 12, a calf strap 13, and a hydraulic link 14. The hip joint base 10 serves as a hub connecting the torso and lower limbs, bearing the drive motor 3. When the signal receiver 4 detects the user's movement intention, it instructs the drive motor to output power, driving the thigh link 5 to flex and extend. Simultaneously, the hydraulic link 14, which is linked with the knee turntable 12, moves synchronously, precisely controlling the flexion and extension range of the calf link 6. The thigh strap 11 and calf strap 13 then closely transmit this assistance to the user's limbs, and finally, all the force is applied to the ground through the foot plate 7.
[0008] The signal receiver 4 can receive signals from the central processing module 17 and execute life support functions in response to the instructions of the central processing module 17; The central processing module 17 located on the back of the device is used to import the basic information of the building structure construction contained in the building structure design drawings, the on-site positioning anchor point coordinates sent by the host 25, and perform coordinate system transformation and construction parameter processing through the built-in algorithm to generate augmented reality information for guiding construction. The information is then distributed to the AR head-mounted display 19. At the same time, it receives and processes the work posture data of the construction personnel received by the posture sensor 18, the health data of the personnel from the smart protective clothing 27, the body temperature data of the personnel from the adaptive temperature control system 28, and the vital sign data from the vital sign monitoring system 29. The mechanical exoskeleton posture sensor 18 is used to acquire the actual posture of the current construction worker in real time and transmit the current posture information to the central processing module 17. The central processing module 17 predicts the next action of the construction worker based on the current posture information and transmits signals to the hydraulic rod 2 and hydraulic connecting rod 14 so that the two can provide assistance and support, reduce the workload of construction workers in harsh environments, and improve work efficiency.
[0009] The AR head-mounted display 19 has a built-in high-precision optical display module and processor, which is used to receive and display construction guidance information sent by the central processing module 17, and superimpose virtual models of building components, installation points and other virtual models on the real construction field of view with centimeter-level precision, providing workers with visual operation guidance.
[0010] The satellite navigation module 24 is used to acquire the coordinates of the positioning anchor points at the construction site with centimeter-level accuracy and upload them to the central processing module 17. The central processing module 17 receives and processes the building structure design drawings, the satellite navigation module 24, and the vital signs monitoring system 29, and generates control and guidance commands. The AR head-mounted display 19 is used to receive and visualize the parameterized and construction guidance information related to virtual modeling sent by the central processing module 17. The host 25 uses a satellite navigation module 24 equipped with an anti-interference antenna and a differential positioning module, and is equipped with a lidar module 22 and a horizontal control module 23; it is used to accurately measure and obtain the actual coordinates of key corner points of the building structure on site at least two corner points, and upload the coordinates as positioning anchor point data to the central processing module 17. The intelligent protective clothing module 27 provides the wearer with airtight protection, oxygen supply and temperature buffering to maintain the stability of basic vital signs and physical safety in harsh environments with high altitude, low pressure, low temperature and hypoxia.
[0011] The adaptive temperature control system 28 is communicatively connected to the central processing module 17, and is used to receive ambient temperature and user body temperature data, and actively adjust the temperature inside the protective clothing to maintain the core body temperature of construction workers within the normal physiological range in high-altitude and cold regions.
[0012] The vital signs monitoring system 29 is used to monitor at least one physiological parameter among the wearer's heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and body temperature in real time, and uploads the monitoring data to the central processing platform to achieve centralized monitoring and early warning management of the life status of multiple construction workers.
[0013] Compared with existing single-function mechanical and intelligent device technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. A qualitative leap has been achieved in construction accuracy and efficiency. The technical approach of "main unit positioning anchor points + central platform coordinate transformation + AR visualization guidance" replaces the traditional method relying on optical instruments such as total stations and theodolites, and manual layout. This not only greatly improves the efficiency of surveying and layout but also achieves intuitive and precise construction guidance through millimeter-level virtual information overlay, fundamentally reducing errors in human drawing interpretation and ensuring a high success rate for the first-time installation of complex components.
[0014] 2. Breakthroughs have been achieved in personnel safety and health protection. The intelligent protective suit, acting as a mobile "life support platform," monitors key physiological indicators such as blood oxygen, heart rate, and body temperature in real time and links with a central platform to achieve "24 / 7, early warning, and intervention-enabled" closed-loop management of construction workers' health status. The system can proactively issue warnings and automatically adjust parameters such as oxygen supply and heating before health risks occur (e.g., hypothermia, altitude sickness), or dispatch personnel for intervention. This shifts safety management from post-event remediation to pre-event prevention, enabling real-time response to worker safety and significantly reducing construction safety risks in extreme environments.
[0015] 3. Deep integration has been achieved in human-machine collaboration and efficiency improvement. The organic complementarity of "human power" and "machine power" is realized: the mechanical exoskeleton (upper and lower limbs) provides precise assistance for specific actions during construction (such as tightening, bending, and walking), improving worker efficiency, effectively reducing physical load and fatigue in extreme environments, and preventing occupational injuries. Through "human-machine collaboration," human-machine efficiency has been significantly improved.
[0016] 4. An end-to-end digital intelligent construction closed loop has been constructed. Breaking down information silos: This invention unifies and intelligently decides on previously isolated design data, high-precision positioning data, personnel status data, and environmental data on a central platform, constructing a digital virtual model from "design drawings" to "physical construction." Intelligent and adaptive decision-making: The system can dynamically adjust construction guidance, safety assurance, and assistance strategies based on real-time feedback data (such as sudden environmental changes and personnel status changes), demonstrating high intelligence, adaptability, and robustness. This reduces the over-reliance on workers' personal experience during construction, significantly improving the standardization and scientific level of construction management.
[0017] 5. Designed specifically for extreme environments, the system boasts extremely high reliability. Every component in the system, from the host's multipath-resistant antenna to the intelligent protective suit's zoned active temperature control and oxygen supply, has been specially optimized for high-altitude and extremely cold environments. This targeted design, from the system level to the component level, ensures the stable operation and reliability of the entire system under extreme climates, solving the core pain point of conventional equipment's incompatibility with such environments.
[0018] In summary, this invention is not a simple stacking of multiple technologies, but rather a systematic and innovative architecture that deeply integrates people, machines, environment, and information to form a collaborative and interconnected organic whole. It simultaneously overcomes the three core challenges of precision, efficiency, and safety that have long existed in construction in extreme environments, providing an advanced solution for major infrastructure construction in high-altitude and extremely cold regions. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the mechanical exoskeleton of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the mechanical exoskeleton of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the mechanical exoskeleton of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a detailed view of the mechanical exoskeleton of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a detailed view of the upper limb of the mechanical exoskeleton of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a detailed view of the lower limb of the mechanical exoskeleton of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a 3D view of the AR head-mounted display and safety helmet of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the positioning device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the host computer of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent protective suit of the present invention.
[0020] In the diagram, 1-back support, 2-hydraulic rod, 3-drive motor, 4-signal receiver, 5-thigh link, 6-lower leg link, 7-foot base, 8-connecting bend, 9-arm link, 10-hip joint base, 11-thigh strap, 12-knee turntable, 13-lower leg strap, 14-hydraulic link, 15-fixation strap, 16-hip restraint ring, 17-central processing module, 18-attitude sensor, 19-AR head-mounted display, 20-safety helmet, 21-head strap, 22-LiDAR module, 23-horizontal control module, 24-satellite navigation module, 25-main unit, 26-pole body, 27-intelligent protective clothing, 28-adaptive temperature control system, 29-vital sign monitoring system. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The following is a detailed description of the present invention, "A Human-Machine Interactive Control Construction System Device Suitable for Extremely Cold Plateau Environments," with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific construction location described is at an altitude of 4850 meters, with an ambient temperature of -25 degrees Celsius and a wind force of 6. The construction task is to install a 15-meter-high power transmission tower, requiring multiple construction workers to work together to tighten the bolts.
[0022] Preliminary Preparations: Technicians at the central command post on-site imported the 3D design model of the transmission tower into the central processing module 17. Several construction workers entered the preparation area and first donned intelligent protective suits 27, which integrated vital sign monitoring 29 and adaptive temperature control 28 modules. The outer layer of this protective suit was made of wear-resistant composite material. Next, the worker donned a mechanical exoskeleton system, fastening the thigh straps 11 and calf straps 13 in sequence, adjusting the height of the back support 1 to fit the torso (for a worker 185cm tall, the mechanical exoskeleton height can be adjusted within the range of 175cm to 190cm), and securing the mechanical arm linkage 9 with its fixing straps 15. Finally, they wore an AR head-mounted display 19 and adjusted it to a stable position using the head strap 21. After all equipment was powered on, the system performed a self-check to confirm that all modules were connected correctly.
[0023] 1. Each terminal device operates independently. The satellite navigation module 24 operates as follows: The surveyor uses the high-precision satellite navigation module 24 to travel to the construction site. This device independently performs satellite signal search, differential calculation, and accurately measures the geodetic coordinates of the two foundation embedded corner points specified in the design drawings. After measurement, the device automatically uploads the coordinate data of these two "positioning anchor points" to the central processing module 17. The AR head-mounted display 19 operates as follows: The AR head-mounted display 19, worn by construction workers, receives installation data from the central processing module 17. Its built-in SLAM module achieves precise spatial positioning of the device through real-time scanning and modeling of the surrounding environment. Subsequently, a semi-transparent 3D virtual model of the tower segment, along with green guide circles marking each bolt hole position, is clearly superimposed and displayed in the construction workers' field of vision. Based on the position of the virtual model in their field of vision, the construction workers use gesture commands to instruct the crane operator to lift the actual segment to the designated installation area, completing the initial positioning. Simultaneously, it monitors the worker's gaze point and gesture interactions. This interaction data is recorded and uploaded to the central processing module 17. Mechanical exoskeleton operation: After wearing the mechanical exoskeleton, construction workers determine the construction points and carry out construction operations through the virtual component model and installation guide lines displayed on the AR head-mounted display 19. The posture sensor 18 transmits worker posture data to the central processing module 17 in real time, and the central processing module 17 transmits predictive signals to the mechanical exoskeleton for adaptive assistance. When the system recognizes through AR interaction that the worker has picked up a hydraulic wrench and is making a tightening motion, the central processing module 17 instructs the mechanical exoskeleton arm linkage 9 to switch to high torque mode. In this mode, the exoskeleton provides a counter-balancing torque to the worker's arms, resisting the huge reaction force generated by the wrench and ensuring that the bolts can be stably and safely tightened to the designed preload force. Throughout the installation process, the smart protective suits 27 worn by the construction workers operated continuously. Their vital signs monitoring system collected and transmitted heart rate and blood oxygen saturation data from the workers every second. The adaptive temperature control system automatically adjusted the power of the heating units inside the suits based on the harsh external environment of -25 degrees Celsius, maintaining a comfortable body temperature of around 20 degrees Celsius. When the safety monitoring platform of the central processing module 17 detected a worker's blood oxygen saturation dropping to 87% due to high-intensity work through data trend analysis, the platform immediately issued a soft voice reminder via the AR head-mounted display 19, suggesting a short rest and deep breathing. The on-site dispatcher also simultaneously received this warning information on the command center's large screen for continuous monitoring.
[0024] 2. Data fusion, processing, and intelligent feedback in the central processing module 17 Data reception and coordinate transformation: After receiving the coordinates of the "positioning anchor point" uploaded by the host 25, the central processing module 17 calls the built-in algorithm to automatically complete the accurate transformation from the geodetic coordinate system to the local coordinate system of the construction site, and calculates the accurate spatial coordinates and attitude parameters of the relevant components to be constructed and installed. Generate and issue collaborative instructions: a) The central processing module 17 displays the calculated installation coordinates, angles, and other information through the AR head-mounted display 19; b) After receiving relevant data, the AR head-mounted display 19 superimposes the virtual structural component model onto the worker's real field of vision with millimeter-level precision through parametric modeling, and provides clear installation guide lines to help construction personnel carry out precise construction. Safety warnings and interventions: a) The central platform continuously analyzes and evaluates the physiological data of construction workers transmitted back in real time from the protective suits in order to monitor the safety status of the construction workers. b) When the vital signs monitoring system 29 transmits back the physiological data of the construction workers and it drops to the warning line (e.g., blood oxygen data drops to 85%), the system will issue an alarm and issue an instruction to increase oxygen supply to the oxygen supply unit of the intelligent protective suit 27. The dispatcher will then confirm and intervene in a timely manner.
[0025] In summary, the system of this invention independently collects multi-dimensional data on "people, machines, and environment" at the site through various terminal devices and uploads it to the central processing module 17. After fusion processing and intelligent decision-making, the central processing module 17 feeds back instructions to the corresponding terminal devices, thereby achieving precise guidance of the construction process, proactive protection of personnel status, and optimized scheduling of machine efficiency, ultimately forming an efficient, safe, and intelligent human-machine collaborative closed-loop intelligent construction system.
Claims
1. A human-machine interactive control construction system device suitable for high-altitude and extremely cold environments, comprising: Back support (1), hydraulic rod (2), drive motor (3), signal receiver (4), thigh link (5), calf link (6), foot plate (7), connecting bend rod (8), arm link (9), hip joint base (10), thigh strap (11), knee turntable (12), calf strap (13), hydraulic link (14), fixing strap (15), hip restraint ring (16), central processing module (17), posture sensor (18), AR head-mounted display (19), safety helmet (20), head strap (21), lidar module (22), horizontal control module (23), satellite navigation module (24), main unit (25), pole body (26), intelligent protective clothing (27), adaptive temperature control system (28), vital signs monitoring system (29); The device is characterized by a human-computer interaction control construction system suitable for high-altitude and extremely cold environments. Its exoskeleton is fixed to the shoulders via a fixing strap (15), and a drive motor (3) and a connecting rod (8) are connected via a back support (1), serving as the core load-bearing structure of the entire system. A support frame includes a back support (1) for conforming to the back of the human body. A power drive unit is fixedly installed on the back support (1), including a drive motor (3) and a hydraulic rod (2) driven by the drive motor (3). The drive motor (3) is connected to a signal receiver (4) for receiving external control commands. A limb movement execution mechanism includes an upper limb connection part, consisting of a connecting rod (8) connected to the upper part of the back support (1) and an arm connecting rod (9); and a lower limb drive part, including a hip joint base (10) connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod (2). The system includes: a thigh link (5) hinged to the hip joint base (10); a lower leg link (6) hinged to the distal end of the thigh link (5) via a knee turntable (12); and a foot plate (7) located at the distal end of the lower leg link (6); a hydraulic assist link (14), one end of which is hinged to the thigh link (5) or the lower leg link (6), and the other end of which is linked to the output end of the hydraulic rod (2); a human body fixation system, including a fixing strap (15) located on the back support (1), a hip restraint ring (16) located at the hip position of the limb movement actuator, a thigh strap (11), and a lower leg strap (13); the drive motor (3) drives the hydraulic rod (2) to extend and retract, and then transmits power to the thigh link (5) and the lower leg link (6) via the hydraulic assist link (14) to assist the wearer's lower limbs in flexion and extension movements during walking. The mechanical exoskeleton module is used to provide limb assistance for construction workers. The mechanical exoskeleton is characterized as a modular, wearable power assist device, including an upper limb exoskeleton and a lower limb exoskeleton, used to provide precise power assistance and support for corresponding body parts of workers in extreme environments, reducing labor load and improving operational stability and accuracy. The upper limb exoskeleton is characterized by comprising a back support (1), a hydraulic rod (2), a connecting bend rod (8), an arm link (9), a fixing strap (15), and a hip restraint ring (16). The back support (1) serves as the core load-bearing base of the system and is closely fitted to the user's torso through the fixing strap (15). When the user makes an arm movement, the hydraulic rod (2) responds and dynamically contracts, and then transmits the contraction to the arm link (9) through the connecting bend rod (8), thereby driving the user's limb to complete the specified movement. Furthermore, the reaction force of this action is transmitted downward through the hydraulic rod (2) and effectively distributed and borne by the hip restraint ring (16). The lower limb exoskeleton is characterized by comprising a drive motor (3), a signal receiver (4), a thigh link (5), a calf link (6), a foot plate (7), a hip joint base (10), a thigh strap (11), a knee turntable (12), a calf strap (13), and a hydraulic link (14). The hip joint base (10) serves as a hub connecting the torso and the lower limbs and carries the drive motor (3). When the signal receiver (4) detects the user's movement intention, it instructs the drive motor to output power and drive the thigh link (5) to flex and extend. At the same time, the hydraulic link (14), which is linked with the knee turntable (12), moves synchronously to precisely control the flexion and extension range of the calf link (6). The thigh strap (11) and the calf strap (13) then closely transmit this assistance to the user's limbs. Finally, all the force is applied to the ground through the foot plate (7).
2. The signal receiver (4) according to claim 1 can receive signals from the central processing module (17) and execute life support functions in response to the instructions of the central processing module (17).
3. The central processing module (17) located on the back of the device according to claim 1 is used to import the architectural structure design drawings (including basic information on architectural structure construction), the on-site positioning anchor coordinates sent by the host (25), perform coordinate system transformation and construction parameter processing through the built-in algorithm, generate augmented reality information for guiding construction, and distribute the information to the AR head-mounted display (19). At the same time, it receives and processes the work posture data of the construction personnel from the posture sensor (18), the health data of the personnel from the intelligent protective clothing (27), the body temperature data of the personnel from the adaptive temperature control system (28), and the vital signs data from the vital signs monitoring system (29).
4. The mechanical exoskeleton posture sensor (18) according to claim 1 is used to acquire the actual posture of the current construction worker in real time and transmit the current posture information to the central processing module (17). The central processing module (17) predicts the next action of the construction worker through the current posture information and transmits the signal to the hydraulic rod (2) and the hydraulic connecting rod (14) so that the two can provide assistance and support, reduce the workload of the construction worker in harsh environments, and improve the work efficiency.
5. The AR head-mounted display (19) according to claim 1 has a built-in high-precision optical display module and processor, which is used to receive and display the construction guidance information sent by the central processing module (17), and superimpose virtual models of building components, installation points and other virtual models on the real construction field of view with centimeter-level precision, so as to provide workers with visual operation guidance.
6. The satellite navigation module (24) according to claim 1 is used to acquire the coordinates of the positioning anchor points at the construction site with centimeter-level accuracy and upload them to the central processing module (17). The central processing module (17) receives and processes the building structure design drawing information, the satellite navigation module (24), and the vital signs monitoring system (29), and generates control and guidance commands. The AR head-mounted display (19) is used to receive and visualize the parameterized virtual modeling and construction guidance information sent by the central processing module (17).
7. The host (25) according to claim 1 adopts a satellite navigation module (24) equipped with an anti-interference antenna and a differential positioning module, and is equipped with a lidar module (22) and a horizontal control module (23); used to accurately measure and obtain the actual coordinates (at least two corner points) of the key corner points of the building structure on site, and upload the coordinates as positioning anchor point data to the central processing module (17).
8. The intelligent protective clothing module (27) according to claim 1 provides the wearer with airtight protection, oxygen supply and temperature buffer, so as to maintain the stability of basic vital signs and physical safety in harsh environments with high altitude, low pressure, low temperature and hypoxia.
9. The adaptive temperature control system (28) according to claim 1 is communicatively connected to the central processing module (17) for receiving ambient temperature and user body temperature data, and actively adjusting the temperature inside the protective clothing to maintain the core body temperature of construction workers within the normal physiological range in high-altitude and cold regions.
10. The vital signs monitoring system (29) according to claim 1 is used to monitor at least one physiological parameter among the wearer's heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and body temperature in real time, and upload the monitoring data to the central processing platform to realize centralized monitoring and early warning management of the life status of multiple construction workers.