Water circulation system applied to long-time hydrogen energy storage

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water circulation, in particular to a water circulation system applied to long-time hydrogen energy storage, which comprises a pressurizing water catching unit for receiving environmental moisture; an airflow inlet of the deep dehydration unit is communicated with a gas outlet of the pressurized water catching unit; a liquid water inlet of the water purification treatment unit converges with a liquid water outlet of the pressurized water catching unit and a liquid water outlet of the deep dehydration unit; a pure water inlet of the hydrogen production purification unit is communicated with the water purification treatment unit. The device and the method have the beneficial effects that a water-oxygen mixture and a water-hydrogen mixture in the electrolytic hydrogen production process are recovered by capturing environmental moisture, and wet air and hydrogen side exhaust gas generated by hydrogen fuel cell power generation are subjected to cooling separation and deep dehydration treatment, so that liquid water is converged into the raw material water tank and is purified; and long-time cyclic utilization of water resources in the hydrogen energy storage system is achieved, dependence on external water replenishing is remarkably reduced, and the system is suitable for remote unattended areas lacking of water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water circulation, and in particular to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient energy carrier, has shown great potential in storing renewable energy. For example, when solar and wind energy are unstable, it can store excess electrical energy. Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is one of the main ways to convert electrical energy into hydrogen energy, but this process cannot be separated from pure water. The electrolyzer needs a continuous supply of high-quality pure water as raw material to operate effectively. When the stored hydrogen is used to generate electricity again through fuel cells, a large amount of exhaust gas containing moisture will be produced. In some remote areas, such as communication base stations and border outposts in deserts, islands, or high mountains, water resources are often scarce and there are no people on long-term duty. Continuously replenishing water for electrolytic hydrogen production equipment or effectively recycling wastewater generated by fuel cells has become a very practical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that: in remote and unattended scenarios, existing hydrogen energy storage systems require continuous consumption of pure water for hydrogen production by electrolysis, and fuel cells also produce a large amount of water-rich exhaust gas. However, the system itself lacks an effective closed-loop management mechanism for water circulation, which makes its water balance unsustainable and thus heavily dependent on external water replenishment, significantly increasing the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage, which includes a pressurized water-capturing unit for receiving ambient moisture; a deep dehydration unit, the gas inlet of which is connected to the gas outlet of the pressurized water-capturing unit; a water purification unit, the liquid water inlet of which collects the liquid water outlets of the pressurized water-capturing unit and the deep dehydration unit; a hydrogen production and purification unit, the pure water inlet of which is connected to the water purification unit; a solid hydrogen storage unit, the hydrogen inlet of which is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen production and purification unit; and a hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit, the hydrogen inlet of which is connected to the hydrogen outlets of the solid hydrogen storage unit and the hydrogen production and purification unit.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage: the deep dehydration unit includes at least two sets of molecular sieve adsorption tanks, and the molecular sieve adsorption tanks are equipped with a heat source heating system and a pressure reducing gas backflushing pipeline in desorption mode.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage: the water purification unit includes a multi-stage high-precision filter, a reverse osmosis membrane module, and an ultraviolet disinfection module arranged in series. The liquid water inlet of the multi-stage high-precision filter is connected to the raw material water tank, the water inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module is connected to the water outlet of the multi-stage high-precision filter, and the water inlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module is connected to the water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage: the hydrogen production and purification unit includes an electrolyzer, a pure water tank, and a hydrogen molecular sieve tank; the pure water inlet of the electrolyzer is connected to the pure water tank, the pure water inlet of the pure water tank is connected to the pure water outlet of the water purification unit, and the gas flow inlet of the hydrogen molecular sieve tank is connected to the water-hydrogen mixture outlet of the electrolyzer.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage of the present invention, the system further includes a water circulation path comprising: a first water capture path, in which the liquid water of ambient air is collected after being processed by a pressurized water capture unit and a deep dehydration unit and then flows into the raw material water tank; a second water recovery path, in which the liquid water of the water-oxygen mixture and the water-hydrogen mixture from the hydrogen production purification unit is collected after being cooled and separated and then flows into the raw material water tank, with the humid oxygen connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water capture unit; and a third water recovery path, in which the liquid water of the air-side exhaust and the hydrogen-side exhaust from the hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit is collected after being cooled and separated and then flows into the raw material water tank, with the humid air connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water capture unit.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage: the heat source heating system includes a hydrogen production waste heat preheating unit and an electric heater, the hydrogen production waste heat preheating unit and the electric heater are connected in series, and the depressurized gas backflushing pipeline is connected to a dry gas source.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage, it further includes multiple detection devices, including an intake humidity detector, a gas dew point meter, a water quality sensor, and a differential pressure sensor, with the signal output terminals of each of the multiple detection devices connected to an electrical logic unit.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage, a multi-level safety protection unit is also included, comprising a condenser antifreeze circulation loop, an overpressure and overtemperature alarm device for the molecular sieve tank, a bed resistance differential pressure alarm device, and high and low water level alarm devices for the raw material tank and the separator.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage: an evaporator is provided at the flushing water of the reverse osmosis membrane module, and the steam outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water capture unit.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by capturing ambient moisture, recovering the water-oxygen mixture and water-hydrogen mixture during the electrolytic hydrogen production process, and the humid air and hydrogen side exhaust generated by the hydrogen fuel cell power generation, and after cooling separation and deep dehydration treatment, the liquid water is collected into the raw material water tank and purified; this realizes the recycling of water resources inside the long-term hydrogen energy storage system, significantly reducing the dependence on external water replenishment, and is especially suitable for remote unattended areas with scarce water resources; The synergistic effect of the pressurized water capture unit and the deep dehydration unit, combined with the molecular sieve regeneration technology of hydrogen production waste heat preheating and electric heating, and supplemented by depressurized gas backflushing, greatly improves the capture efficiency of environmental water vapor and the regeneration effect of molecular sieves; the flushing water of the reverse osmosis membrane module is treated by the evaporator and the steam is also returned to the water capture stage, further improving the comprehensive water resource recovery rate and the energy utilization efficiency of the system. This invention constructs a complete closed-loop water circulation management mechanism for hydrogen energy storage systems, effectively solving the problems of continuous consumption of pure water from electrolysis hydrogen production and improper treatment of fuel cell water-rich exhaust gas in remote scenarios in traditional systems; it achieves self-sustaining water balance, thereby significantly reducing the difficulty of system operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0015] Figure 1 A block diagram illustrating the working principle of a water circulation system applied to long-term hydrogen energy storage is shown. Figure 2 A process flow diagram for a water circulation system applied to long-term hydrogen energy storage is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0017] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0018] Reference Figure 1-2This embodiment provides a water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage, including a pressurized water-capturing unit 1 for receiving ambient moisture; a deep dehydration unit 2, the gas inlet of which is connected to the gas outlet of the pressurized water-capturing unit 1; a water purification unit 3, the liquid water inlet of which includes the pressurized water-capturing unit 1 and the deep dehydration unit 2; a hydrogen production and purification unit 4, the pure water inlet of which is connected to the water purification unit 3; a solid hydrogen storage unit 5, the hydrogen inlet of which is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen production and purification unit 4; and a hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit 6, the hydrogen inlet of which is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit 5 and the hydrogen production and purification unit 4.

[0019] In this embodiment, a pressurized water-capturing unit 1 receives ambient moisture, captures and separates liquid water from it, and discharges the partially dehydrated moisture from its gas outlet. The gas discharged from the pressurized water-capturing unit 1 is connected to the airflow inlet of a deep dehydration unit 2, which further dehydrates the received gas to remove residual moisture and produce liquid water. The liquid water produced by the pressurized water-capturing unit 1 and the deep dehydration unit 2 is collected at the liquid water inlet of a water purification unit 3, which purifies the collected liquid water to convert it into pure water that meets the requirements for hydrogen production. The pure water processed by the water purification unit 3 is output from its pure water outlet. The pure water output from the water purification unit 3 is connected to the pure water inlet of a hydrogen production purification unit 4, which uses the pure water to produce hydrogen and purifies the generated hydrogen to obtain high-purity hydrogen. The purified hydrogen is output from the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen production purification unit 4. The purified hydrogen output from the hydrogen production and purification unit 4 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit 5. The solid hydrogen storage unit 5 receives and stores the hydrogen in solid form, achieving long-term stable hydrogen storage. When energy output is required, the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit 6 is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit 5 or the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen production and purification unit 4. The hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit 6 uses the hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage unit 5 or the hydrogen production and purification unit 4 to generate electricity, converting hydrogen energy into electrical energy.

[0020] As an optional embodiment, the pressurized water-capturing unit 1 includes an air compressor, a condenser, and a separator. The air compressor gas inlet is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water-capturing unit 1; the condenser airflow inlet is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor; and the separator gas inlet is connected to the gas outlet of the condenser. The deep dehydration unit 2 includes at least two sets of molecular sieve adsorption tanks, configured to operate alternately in adsorption and desorption modes. In desorption mode, the molecular sieve adsorption tanks are equipped with a heat source heating system 81 and a pressure-reducing gas backflushing pipeline. The water purification treatment unit 3 includes a multi-stage high-precision filter, a reverse osmosis membrane module 84, and an ultraviolet disinfection module arranged in series. The liquid water inlet of the multi-stage high-precision filter is connected to the raw material water tank; the water inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module 84 is connected to the water outlet of the multi-stage high-precision filter; and the water inlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module is connected to the water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module 84. The hydrogen production and purification unit 4 includes an electrolyzer, a pure water tank, and a hydrogen molecular sieve tank; the pure water inlet of the electrolyzer is connected to the pure water tank, and has a water-oxygen mixture outlet and a water-hydrogen mixture outlet; the pure water inlet of the pure water tank is connected to the pure water outlet of the water purification treatment unit 3, and the gas flow inlet of the hydrogen molecular sieve tank is connected to the water-hydrogen mixture outlet of the electrolyzer.

[0021] In this embodiment, the pressurized water-capturing unit 1 consists of an air compressor, a condenser, and a separator. Ambient air (relative humidity greater than or equal to 20%), hydrogen production exhaust gas, and fuel cell exhaust gas are used as the intake air for the pressurized water-capturing unit 1. After being pressurized by the air compressor, the air enters the condenser. In the condenser, most of the moisture (greater than or equal to 50%) is condensed and separated, thereby achieving preliminary moisture recovery. The uncondensed moisture enters the separator for gas-liquid separation, and the liquid water is stored in the raw material water tank. The three water sources—ambient air, hydrogen production exhaust gas, and fuel cell exhaust gas—are subjected to primary dehumidification and pre-moisture recovery. The deep dehydration unit 2 is equipped with at least two sets of molecular sieve adsorption tanks. The adsorption and desorption modes are alternately operated through electromagnetic or pneumatic valve groups. The uncondensed moisture discharged from the separator of the pressurized water capture unit 1 enters the molecular sieve A tank for deep adsorption, with an adsorption rate greater than or equal to 95%. After adsorption by the molecular sieve, the dry gas with a low dew point (less than or equal to -15°C) is discharged after recovering energy (greater than or equal to 40%) through an expander. Simultaneously, the molecular sieve B tank undergoes thermal desorption and regeneration. During the desorption stage, waste heat from hydrogen production is used for preheating (greater than or equal to 65°C), followed by electric heating to reach the set temperature (150 to 175°C), and desorption steam is discharged. This process is combined with backflushing with depressurized air to carry out and condense and recover most of the water. This condensate is stored in the raw material water tank, and depressurized dry air (about 50 kPa) is introduced into the molecular sieve B tank for backflushing until the molecular sieve is completely dry (exhaust dew point less than or equal to -10°C), thereby fully regenerating the molecular sieve and ensuring the continuity of water supply. This process significantly improves the water capture efficiency compared to the traditional single pressurized condensation method, supports continuous operation of the system in extreme environments, and significantly reduces operation and maintenance costs through water balance self-sufficiency. Water purification unit 3 includes a multi-stage high-precision filter, a reverse osmosis membrane module 84, and an ultraviolet disinfection module, which are connected in series. The liquid water obtained from the condensation and separation of each unit, including water recovered from the pressurized water capture unit 1 and the deep dehydration unit 2, is stored in a feed water tank. The water in the feed water tank is filtered through the multi-stage high-precision filter. The filtered water enters the reverse osmosis membrane module 84 for deep desalination. The total dissolved solids (TDS) of the product water can be less than 10 ppm. The effluent from the reverse osmosis membrane module 84 enters the ultraviolet disinfection module for further processing. The system undergoes sterilization to eliminate bacterial and algal growth, purifying the recycled water to ultrapure water standards for electrolysis. This ensures that the resistivity of the final product water meets the requirements of the hydrogen production system, remaining stable at over 1.5 MΩ·cm, thus eliminating dependence on external water replenishment. This makes it suitable for unattended scenarios in water-scarce areas such as deserts and islands. The water purification system is equipped with an online water quality monitoring device that monitors water quality in real time using absorbance (greater than or equal to 0.01) and conductivity (greater than or equal to 0.02 ms / m) sensors, and triggers backwashing when the water quality does not meet the requirements. The hydrogen production and purification unit 4 consists of an electrolyzer, a pure water tank, and a hydrogen molecular sieve tank. The pure water inlet of the pure water tank is connected to the pure water outlet of the water purification treatment unit 3, receiving purified ultrapure water. The pure water in the pure water tank is filtered and then pumped into the electrolyzer. In the electrolyzer, the pure water undergoes an electrochemical reaction under the action of electricity and a catalyst, consuming electrical energy and generating hydrogen and oxygen. The resulting water-rich oxygen mixture is initially separated in the pure water tank. The wet oxygen is mixed with ambient air and then enters the air compressor to participate in the pressurization and water capture process. The water-hydrogen mixture produced by the electrolyzer is cooled and separated. The water is returned to the raw material water tank for recycling, while the wet hydrogen enters the hydrogen molecular sieve tank A for purification, increasing the hydrogen purity to meet the requirements of the solid-state hydrogen storage system and fuel. The hydrogen required for fuel cell production is stored in a solid-state hydrogen storage system. Once the hydrogen molecular sieve tank B is full of water from the hydrogen, it switches to regeneration mode. In this mode, the molecular sieve is preheated using waste heat from hydrogen production, then electrically heated to a set temperature, and backflushed with depressurized dry hydrogen. The steam generated by desorption is condensed and stored in the feed water tank. The hydrogen-containing exhaust gas is pressurized (50 to 70 kPa) and then enters the fuel cell system for power generation or storage. The hydrogen water content discharged from the hydrogen molecular sieve tank is less than or equal to 5 PPM (dew point temperature greater than or equal to -63°C), ensuring high hydrogen purity. This closed-loop system solves the problems of high dependence on water resources and low water circulation efficiency in long-term hydrogen energy storage systems.

[0022] In some embodiments, a water circulation path 7 is also included, comprising: a first water collection path 71, in which the liquid water of ambient air after being treated by the pressurized water collection unit 1 and the deep dehydration unit 2 flows into the raw material water tank; a second water recovery path 72, in which the liquid water of the water-oxygen mixture and the water-hydrogen mixture of the hydrogen production purification unit 4 flows into the raw material water tank after cooling and separation, and the humid oxygen is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water collection unit 1; and a third water recovery path 73, in which the liquid water of the air-side exhaust and the hydrogen-side exhaust of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit 6 flows into the raw material water tank after cooling and separation, and the humid air is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water collection unit 1.

[0023] In this embodiment, the first water capture path 71, the water circulation path 7, after the ambient air is treated by the pressurized water capture unit 1 and the deep dehydration unit 2, the liquid water is collected into the raw material water tank; specifically, the ambient air (relative humidity greater than or equal to 20%) first enters the pressurized water capture unit 1, and after being pressurized by the air compressor, it enters the condenser; most of the moisture (greater than or equal to 50%) is condensed and separated into liquid water, which is stored in the raw material water tank, and the uncondensed moisture then enters the molecular sieve A tank of the deep dehydration unit 2 for deep adsorption, with an adsorption rate greater than or equal to 95%. After absorbing water, the molecular sieve B tank undergoes simultaneous thermal desorption and regeneration. It is preheated using waste heat from hydrogen production (greater than or equal to 65°C), and then heated to the set temperature (150 to 175°C) by an electric heater. Dry air (about 50 kPa) after depressurization is introduced for backflushing. The steam generated by desorption is condensed and separated, and the liquid water is also stored in the raw material water tank. Through this path, the system captures water from the ambient air and recovers it to the raw material water tank, thus solving the dependence of traditional hydrogen energy storage on external water replenishment. It is suitable for unattended scenarios in water-scarce areas such as deserts and islands. This path recovers the water produced in the hydrogen production and purification unit 4. Specifically, after the water-oxygen mixture produced by the electrolyzer is initially separated in the pure water tank, the wet oxygen is mixed with the ambient air and then connected to the air compressor gas inlet of the pressurized water capture unit 1 to participate in the subsequent air water capture process. After the water-hydrogen mixture produced by the electrolyzer is cooled and separated, the liquid water is directly fed into the raw material water tank for recovery. The liquid water recovered in the hydrogen production process, together with the water captured by the first water capture path 71 and the third water recovery path 73, enters the raw material water tank, forming a closed-loop utilization of water resources within the system and realizing fully self-sufficient water resource management. The third water recovery path 73 recovers moisture from the exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit 6. Specifically, the humid air discharged from the air side of the fuel cell is cooled and separated, and the liquid water in it is recovered to the feed water tank. The separated humid air is mixed with ambient air and then connected to the air compressor gas inlet of the pressurized water capture unit 1 to participate in the air water capture process. In addition, the liquid water in the hydrogen side exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell is also recovered to the feed water tank after cooling and separation. Through this path, the system achieves efficient recovery of moisture from the fuel cell exhaust gas. Combined with multi-stage purification technology (filtration, reverse osmosis, and ultraviolet disinfection), the recovered water is purified to the ultrapure water standard for electrolysis, supporting the continuous operation of the system in extreme environments.

[0024] In some embodiments, the heat source heating system 81 includes a hydrogen production waste heat preheating unit and an electric heater, which are connected in series. A depressurized gas backflushing pipeline is connected to a drying gas source. It also includes multiple detection devices 82, including an inlet humidity detector, a gas dew point meter, a water quality sensor, and a differential pressure sensor. The signal output terminals of each detection device 82 are connected to an electrical logic unit. Furthermore, it includes a multi-level safety protection unit 83, which includes a condenser antifreeze circulation loop, overpressure and overtemperature alarm devices for the molecular sieve tank, and high and low water level alarm devices for the feed water tank and the separator. An evaporator is installed at the flushing water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module 84, and the steam outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module 84 is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water-catching unit 1.

[0025] In this embodiment, the hydrogen production waste heat preheating unit and the electric heater are connected in series. In the desorption mode of the molecular sieve adsorption tank, the waste heat generated during the hydrogen production process is used to preheat the molecular sieve tank to a set temperature greater than or equal to 65°C. The electric heater is then activated to further heat the molecular sieve tank to a specified temperature range of 150 to 175°C, and the temperature is continuously controlled within this range until the molecular sieve is regenerated. In conjunction with this, the depressurized gas backflushing pipeline is connected to a dry gas source, and the depressurized dry air (about 50 kPa) or dry hydrogen is introduced into the high-temperature molecular sieve tank for backflushing. Under the low-pressure and high-temperature environment, the water adsorbed in the molecular sieve is evaporated and precipitated, and then separated and recovered as liquid water after condensation and stored in the raw material water tank. This dual heat source heating combined with depressurized backflushing process greatly improves the water capture efficiency compared with the traditional single pressurization condensation method, ensuring the efficient regeneration of the molecular sieve and the efficient recovery of water resources throughout the entire process. The control system includes multiple sensors 82, each with a signal output connected to an electrical logic unit. Specifically, an intake humidity detector measures ambient humidity (relative humidity range of 20% to 100%), and its signal is used to adjust the air compressor speed; a gas dew point meter measures the dew point at the gas outlet (triggered at -15°C or higher), and its signal is used to adjust the switching cycle of the molecular sieve to ensure continuous water supply; and water quality sensors, including absorbance (greater than or equal to 0.01) and conductivity (greater than or equal to 0.02 mS / m) sensors, monitor water quality in real time and output the signal. When the quality does not meet the requirements, the backwashing of the purification system is triggered. The differential pressure sensor monitors the differential pressure of the molecular sieve tank, which is used for differential pressure alarm and as one of the two thresholds of the molecular sieve tank switching judgment logic. Through the data of these detection devices 82, the electrical logic unit executes a dynamic adjustment algorithm. For example, the signal measured by the intake hygrometer is converted into 4 to 20mA, and after differential calculation, it is converted into 20 to 4mA signal, which in turn adjusts the output frequency of the frequency converter (50 to 10HZ), and finally drives the motor to rotate and drives the air compressor to run, thereby realizing the dynamic control of the operating parameters of each unit and avoiding excessive water accumulation and consumption. The condenser antifreeze circulation loop uses low-temperature resistant antifreeze (such as ethylene glycol antifreeze with a freezing point of -45℃) to achieve temperature control. While enhancing the condensation effect, it effectively prevents condensate from freezing and blocking, making it particularly suitable for extremely cold environments. The molecular sieve tank is equipped with overpressure, overtemperature, and bed resistance differential pressure alarm devices to monitor and warn of abnormal conditions in real time. Both the raw material water tank and the separation tank are equipped with high and low water level alarm devices to prevent overflow due to excessively high water levels or damage to the equipment due to excessively low water levels. When an abnormal water balance is detected, the system can initiate a three-level emergency response, sequentially executing load reduction, alarm, and shutdown strategies, thereby significantly reducing the failure rate and ensuring stable operation of the system under various extreme environmental temperatures. When the reverse osmosis membrane module 84 in the water purification treatment unit 3 produces flushing water, this flushing water enters the evaporator for treatment. In the evaporator, the flushing water is heated and evaporated, and the generated steam is discharged from the evaporator outlet and connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water capture unit 1. Through this process, the concentrated water (flushing water) produced by the reverse osmosis membrane module 84 is evaporated, and its steam re-enters the pressurized water capture unit 1, where it is captured and recovered along with ambient air, hydrogen production tail gas, and fuel cell tail gas, thus realizing the reuse of water resources.

[0026] In summary, through the pressurized water capture unit 1 (i.e. Figure 1 The pressurization unit and the primary condensation and separation unit (condenser) in the system receive ambient moisture, capture and process it, and separate liquid water from it. The gas outlet of the pressurization and water-capturing unit 1 discharges the partially dehydrated moisture, which is then connected to the gas inlet of the deep dehydration unit 2. The deep dehydration unit 2 further dehydrates the received gas, removing residual moisture and producing liquid water. The liquid water produced by the pressurization and water-capturing unit 1 and the deep dehydration unit 2 is collected at the liquid water inlet of the water purification unit 3 (i.e., the water purification system). The water purification unit 3 purifies the collected liquid water, converting it into pure water that meets the requirements for hydrogen production. The pure water processed by the water purification unit 3 is output from its pure water outlet. The pure water output from the water purification unit 3 is connected to the hydrogen production purification unit 4 (i.e., the hydrogen production purification system). Figure 1 The hydrogen production and purification system (a combination of hydrogen production and purification systems) has a pure water inlet. The hydrogen production and purification unit 4 uses pure water to produce hydrogen and purifies the generated hydrogen to obtain high-purity hydrogen. The hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen production and purification unit 4 outputs purified hydrogen. The purified hydrogen gas output from hydrogen production and purification unit 4 (e.g.) Figure 1 The outlet gas flow line of the hydrogen purification system is connected to the solid hydrogen storage unit 5 (corresponding to...). Figure 1 The hydrogen inlet of the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage system (in the system) is where the solid-state hydrogen storage unit 5 receives and stores hydrogen in solid form, achieving long-term stable hydrogen storage; when energy output is needed, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit 6 (corresponding to...) Figure 1 The hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell power generation system is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit 5 or the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen production and purification unit 4. The hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit 6 uses hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage unit 5 or the hydrogen production and purification unit 4 to generate electricity, converting hydrogen energy into electrical energy.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage, characterized in that: include, The pressurized water-capturing unit (1) receives ambient moisture; A deep dehydration unit (2) has an airflow inlet connected to the gas outlet of a pressurized water-capturing unit (1). The water purification treatment unit (3) includes a liquid water inlet collection unit (1) and a deep dehydration unit (2) liquid water outlet. Hydrogen production and purification unit (4), wherein the pure water inlet of the hydrogen production and purification unit (4) is connected to the water purification treatment unit (3); Solid hydrogen storage unit (5), the hydrogen inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit (5) is connected to the hydrogen production and purification unit (4) hydrogen outlet; The hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit (6) has a hydrogen inlet connected to the solid hydrogen storage unit (5) and the hydrogen production and purification unit (4) hydrogen outlet.

2. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurized water-catching unit (1) includes an air compressor, a condenser and a separator. The air compressor gas inlet is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water-catching unit (1); the condenser airflow inlet is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor; and the separator gas inlet is connected to the gas outlet of the condenser.

3. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deep dehydration unit (2) includes at least two sets of molecular sieve adsorption tanks, which are equipped with a heat source heating system (81) and a depressurized gas backflushing pipe in desorption mode.

4. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water purification unit (3) includes a multi-stage high-precision filter, a reverse osmosis membrane module (84) and an ultraviolet disinfection module arranged in series. The liquid water inlet of the multi-stage high-precision filter is connected to the raw material water tank. The water inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module (84) is connected to the water outlet of the multi-stage high-precision filter. The water inlet of the ultraviolet disinfection module is connected to the water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module (84).

5. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen production and purification unit (4) includes an electrolyzer, a pure water tank, and a hydrogen molecular sieve tank; the pure water inlet of the electrolyzer is connected to the pure water tank, the pure water inlet of the pure water tank is connected to the pure water outlet of the water purification treatment unit (3), and the gas flow inlet of the hydrogen molecular sieve tank is connected to the water-hydrogen mixture outlet of the electrolyzer.

6. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a water circulation path (7), which includes, The first water capture path (71) processes ambient air through the pressurized water capture unit (1) and the deep dehydration unit (2), and the liquid water is then collected into the raw material water tank. In the second water recovery path (72), after the water-oxygen mixture and water-hydrogen mixture of the hydrogen production and purification unit (4) are cooled and separated, the liquid water flows into the raw material water tank, and the wet oxygen is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water-capturing unit (1); and In the third water recovery path (73), after the air-side exhaust and hydrogen-side exhaust of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation unit (6) are cooled and separated, the liquid water flows into the raw material water tank, and the humid air is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water capture unit (1).

7. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat source heating system (81) includes a hydrogen production waste heat preheating unit and an electric heater. The hydrogen production waste heat preheating unit and the electric heater are connected in series, and the depressurized gas backflushing pipeline is connected to a dry gas source.

8. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes multiple detection components (82), including an air humidity detector, a gas dew point meter, a water quality sensor and a differential pressure sensor, and the signal output terminals of each of the multiple detection components (82) are connected to the electrical logic unit.

9. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a multi-level safety protection unit (83), which includes a condenser antifreeze circulation loop, an overpressure and overheat alarm device for the molecular sieve tank, a bed resistance differential pressure alarm device, and a water level high and low limit alarm device for the raw material tank and the separator.

10. The water circulation system for long-term hydrogen energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that: An evaporator is provided at the flushing water of the reverse osmosis membrane module (84), and the steam outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane module (84) is connected to the air inlet of the pressurized water capture unit (1).

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