Circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal equipment, and aims to solve the problem that a traditional mobile phone circularly polarized antenna is difficult to realize good circularly polarized performance due to limited internal space, complex structure and interference of a metal frame. The spatial characteristics of the corners of the metal frame of the mobile phone are excavated, the electromagnetic characteristics of a slot mode and an open slot mode are utilized, a feed structure and a parasitic unit structure are designed at key positions of the metal frame, and orthogonal mode current is accurately excited, regulated and controlled; by combining the orthogonality of a mobile phone structure and a single-port / dual-port network feed mode, stable and efficient circular polarization radiation is realized, and the antenna size is reduced and the performance is optimized through the breakpoint design of the metal frame. According to the invention, the satellite communication performance of the mobile electronic terminal equipment can be obviously improved, the balance between space utilization and communication performance is realized in a limited space, and the method has practical application value for the circularly polarized antenna design of the mobile terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to the design of circularly polarized antennas for mobile electronic terminal devices such as mobile phones. Specifically, it achieves efficient circularly polarized radiation by utilizing the structural characteristics of the mobile terminal itself (metal frame, corner space), with a focus on adapting to satellite communication scenarios and improving the performance of the device in complex communication environments. Background Technology

[0002] In modern mobile communication technology, the requirements for antenna performance in mobile electronic terminals such as mobile phones are constantly increasing. Among them, circularly polarized antennas have significant advantages in scenarios such as satellite communication due to their ability to suppress signal multipath fading and adapt to complex electromagnetic environments. However, the internal space of mobile electronic terminals is extremely limited, and the metal frame and internal component layout are complex. Traditional circularly polarized antenna designs have the following problems: they cannot effectively utilize the structural characteristics of the terminal itself, resulting in a prominent contradiction between antenna size and space requirements; the metal frame generates strong shielding interference on antenna radiation, limiting antenna performance; and it is difficult to achieve stable circularly polarized radiation in a limited space, failing to meet the ever-increasing high-performance requirements of satellite communication and other applications. Although existing technologies have attempted to optimize the circularly polarized antenna structure, they have not fully explored the orthogonality of the terminal structure and the electromagnetic potential of slot / open slot modes, and problems such as unstable performance and poor integration still exist. Innovative designs are urgently needed to overcome these limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing circularly polarized antennas for mobile electronic terminals, the core objective of this invention is to provide a circularly polarized antenna with high space utilization, excellent radiation performance, and easy integration.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following:

[0005] The main body of the circularly polarized antenna includes a metal frame, a feeding structure, a parasitic unit structure, a PCB board, and a grounding structure; the feeding structure and the parasitic unit structure are printed or fixed at key positions on the metal frame, and the grounding structure is connected to the PCB board and the metal frame respectively to form a complete circularly polarized radiation loop.

[0006] Furthermore, electromagnetic simulation analysis was performed on the metal frame to determine the current paths for the slotted and open slotted modes in the satellite band. Appropriate intervals were selected on the short side of the metal frame as feed points (using microstrip line feeding) to excite the main unit and parasitic unit to generate orthogonal currents. By opening narrow slots (the size of which is determined by the satellite band wavelength and the electrical parameters of the metal frame) at the corners of the frame or in the current concentration area, the current distribution was guided to enhance the orthogonality of the two modes and reduce the antenna size.

[0007] Furthermore, taking the adjacent corners of the rectangular structure of the mobile phone as the key radiation area, a ring-shaped radiation unit is set at the corner; by adjusting the size and relative position of the ring-shaped unit, the electromagnetic fields in the two vertical directions are effectively excited respectively, and the natural spatial orthogonality of the corner is used to provide the basic conditions for circular polarization radiation.

[0008] Furthermore, single-port feeding: optimize the feeding point location and feeding structure parameters (feed length, width, impedance) to ensure that the excitation signal efficiently excites the slot mode and open slot mode currents, achieve good matching between the antenna and the feed source, and improve energy transmission efficiency;

[0009] Furthermore, dual-port feeding: the positions of the two ports are reasonably configured, the phase difference and amplitude of the port signals are controlled, and two orthogonal modes of current are excited respectively; the power distribution and synthesis network is integrated to ensure that the dual-port signals work together and output stable circularly polarized radiation.

[0010] Beneficial effects

[0011] The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices provided by this invention has the following significant advantages:

[0012] 1. High space utilization

[0013] By reusing the metal frame and corner space of the mobile terminal itself, without occupying a large amount of additional internal space, the contradiction between the "size and space" of traditional antennas is resolved, and the miniaturization requirements of the terminal are met.

[0014] 2. Excellent circular polarization radiation efficiency

[0015] By precisely controlling the orthogonal currents in slot mode and open slot mode, combined with structural orthogonality and optimized feeding methods, stable and efficient circular polarization radiation is achieved, effectively suppressing multipath fading and significantly improving the reliability and signal quality of satellite communication.

[0016] 3. Controllable radiation pattern

[0017] By adjusting the structural parameters of the metal frame (breakpoints, slots) and the power supply method, the antenna radiation pattern can be precisely controlled to ensure high gain in the key directions of satellite signal transmission and reception, thus adapting to complex communication scenarios.

[0018] 4. Flexible design and easy integration

[0019] The power supply structure, slotting parameters, and lumped components can be flexibly optimized according to different communication frequency bands (2G / 3G / 4G / 5G / Wi-Fi / GPS, etc.) and the internal layout of the terminal. It has strong compatibility with existing terminal architectures and is easy to integrate for mass production.

[0020] 5. Strong anti-interference ability

[0021] The metal frame breakpoint design reduces the shielding interference of the frame on the antenna, and the stable excitation of the orthogonal mode further reduces the impact of external electromagnetic interference, improving the antenna's working stability in complex environments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is antenna structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the axial ratio curve of antenna structure 1;

[0024] Figure 3 This is antenna structure 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the axial ratio curve of antenna structure 2;

[0026] Figure 5 This is antenna structure 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the axial ratio curve of antenna structure 3. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, specific embodiments are described below, with reference to the appendix. Figure 1-6 The present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the positional relationship of the metal frame, feed, parasitic unit, PCB board and grounding point is clearly shown, the connection method between the feed and the antenna is clear, and the integration characteristics of the antenna and terminal structure are reflected.

[0030] Specifically, the feeder cable is 20.8 mm long and 1.0 mm wide.

[0031] Specifically, the length of the metal frame of the main antenna is 48 mm.

[0032] Specifically, the length of the parasitic antenna's metal frame is 48 mm.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the positional relationship of the metal frame, feed, parasitic unit, PCB board and grounding point is clearly shown, the connection method between the feed and the antenna is clear, and the integration characteristics of the antenna and terminal structure are reflected.

[0034] Specifically, the feeder cable is 20.8 mm long and 1.0 mm wide.

[0035] Specifically, the length of the metal frame of the main antenna is 48 mm.

[0036] Specifically, the length of the parasitic antenna's metal frame is 36 mm.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the positional relationship of the metal frame, feed, parasitic unit, PCB board and grounding point is clearly shown, the connection method between the feed and the antenna is clear, and the integration characteristics of the antenna and terminal structure are reflected.

[0038] Specifically, the feeder cable is 20.8 mm long and 1.0 mm wide. The transverse feeder cable is 8.8 mm long and 1.0 mm wide.

[0039] Specifically, the length of the metal frame of the main antenna is 48 mm.

[0040] Specifically, the length of the parasitic antenna's metal frame is 33 mm.

[0041] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices, characterized in that, It includes a metal frame, a power supply structure, a parasitic unit structure, a PCB board, and a grounding structure; the power supply structure and the parasitic unit structure are set at specific positions on the metal frame, and the grounding structure is connected to the PCB board and the metal frame, together forming a circularly polarized radiation system.

2. The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal frame has a break point structure. The position, length and width of the break point are determined by electromagnetic simulation optimization based on the antenna operating frequency band (2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, Wi-Fi, GPS, etc.) to break the continuity of the metal frame and reduce shielding interference to the antenna.

3. The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding structure includes a single-port feeding network or a dual-port feeding network; the single-port feeding network achieves antenna-feed matching by optimizing the feeding point position, feed line length and impedance; the dual-port feeding network excites orthogonal slot mode and open slot mode currents by controlling the phase difference and amplitude relationship between the two ports.

4. The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parasitic unit structure works in conjunction with the power supply structure. By designing slots (depth, width, and length determined according to satellite frequency band wavelength and metal frame electrical parameters) at the corners of the metal frame or in areas of concentrated current, the current is redistributed, enhancing the orthogonality between the slot mode and the open slot mode.

5. The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, By utilizing the orthogonality of the mobile phone structure, annular radiating units are set at the adjacent corners of a rectangular mobile phone. By adjusting the size and relative position of the annular units, the electromagnetic fields in two vertical directions can be effectively excited, laying the foundation for circularly polarized radiation.

6. The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slot mode and the open slot mode are generated by excitation through the feeding structure. The current paths of the two modes are optimized by electromagnetic analysis, and their electromagnetic field distribution in space satisfies the basic conditions of circular polarization.

7. The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dual-port feed network also integrates a power distribution and combining network to ensure that the signals from the two ports work together and improve antenna radiation efficiency.

8. The circularly polarized antenna for mobile electronic terminal devices according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna radiation pattern can be optimized by adjusting the feed point location, feed method (single-feed / double-feed), and local structural parameters of the metal frame, ensuring high gain in key directions of satellite communication.

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