Retractable self-adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar cell panel

Abstract

The invention relates to a retractable self-adaptive protection device for a photovoltaic solar cell panel, and belongs to the technical field of solar panel protection, the retractable self-adaptive protection device comprises a solar panel, a protection mechanism for retractable protection is arranged around the solar panel, and the protection mechanism comprises a releasing assembly and a retracting assembly. According to the retractable self-adaptive protection device for the photovoltaic solar cell panel, through cooperative work of the releasing assembly and the retracting assembly, the protection cover can be automatically retracted and released according to environmental changes, invasion of natural factors such as sand, dust, accumulated snow and hail is effectively blocked, and the protection effect of the photovoltaic solar cell panel is remarkably improved; the protective cover is made of polycarbonate materials and has good light transmission and high strength, it can be guaranteed that the cell panel can still maintain high power generation efficiency in the protective state, reliable protection can be provided for the cell panel in severe weather, the fan and the tuyere arranged on the device can blow away dust on the surface when the protective cover is withdrawn, and the protective cover is safe and reliable. And the cleanliness and the power generation efficiency of the cell panel are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar panel protection technology, specifically a retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term outdoor operation, photovoltaic solar panels are inevitably exposed to a complex and ever-changing natural environment, facing various factors such as dust, snow, hail, bird droppings, and fallen leaves. Dust and dirt accumulate on the panel surface, forming a shading layer that significantly reduces the transmittance of sunlight, leading to a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. Studies show that severe dust accumulation can reduce power generation by more than 20%. Local stains such as bird droppings and oil can also trigger the "hot spot effect," causing localized overheating of the solar cells, accelerating aging, or even burning them out. In addition, large foreign objects such as fallen leaves and branches can also block sunlight over a large area, seriously affecting power generation performance.

[0003] In winter or at high altitudes, snow cover is another major challenge affecting photovoltaic power generation. Snow completely covers the surface of the solar panels, reducing their power generation to zero. Moreover, the snow melts slowly, leading to prolonged shutdowns. Even more serious is the damage caused by hail. The high-speed falling hailstones have extremely strong impact force, which may directly shatter the glass cover of the photovoltaic panels or cause microcracks in the internal cells, resulting in permanent damage to the modules. Repair or replacement costs are high. These extreme weather events are sudden and unpredictable, posing a serious threat to the safety and stability of photovoltaic power plants.

[0004] Currently, some photovoltaic systems are protected by fixed protective nets or regular manual cleaning. However, fixed protective nets cover the surface of the solar panels for a long time, which not only reduces the light transmittance and affects the power generation efficiency, but also hinders heat dissipation from the panel surface, causing the operating temperature to rise and further reducing the conversion efficiency. At the same time, the protective nets themselves are also prone to accumulating dust, increasing the difficulty of maintenance. Manual cleaning is inefficient and costly, and it is difficult to cope with sudden hail or blizzard weather. Moreover, it is difficult to implement in large power plants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a retractable adaptive protective device for photovoltaic solar panels, which has advantages such as good protection and solves the problem that fixed protective nets covering the surface of solar panels for a long time not only reduce light transmittance but also affect power generation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels, comprising a solar panel, wherein a protection mechanism for retraction and protection is provided around the solar panel, wherein the protection mechanism includes a release component and a retraction component, and the release component specifically includes the following: Side boxes: There are two of them, which are fixed to the left and right sides of the solar panel respectively; Dual-axis motors: There are two of them. The dual-axis motor on the left is fixed to the upper surface of the left side box, and the dual-axis motor on the right is fixed to the lower surface of the right side box. Storage rollers: They are rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the side box via bearings, and there are two of them. They are fixed to one end of the output shaft of each of the two dual-axis motors. Protective cover: It is wrapped around the outside of the receiving roller; Support plates: There are two of them, each fixed to one side of one of the two protective covers; Sealing gasket: It is fixed to one side of the two support plates.

[0007] Limiting rods: There are two of them, and both are fixed between the two side boxes on opposite sides.

[0008] Furthermore, each of the two support plates has two limiting grooves that fit with the limiting rod, and the support plate slides linearly between the limiting groove and the limiting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the side box is greater than the width of the solar panel, and both side boxes are rectangular in shape, with the side closest to each other missing to form a rectangular storage opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the protective cover is a polycarbonate cover, which is located in front of the solar panel.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealing gasket is a rubber gasket, and after the two support plates move to their maximum stroke, the two sealing gaskets are in a close fit.

[0012] Furthermore, the two limiting rods are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the sealing gasket, and the length between the two limiting rods is greater than the length of the storage opening.

[0013] Furthermore, the receiving assembly includes two support seats fixed to opposite sides of the two side boxes. A drive rod is slidably connected inside the support seats on both the left and right sides. Two sleeve rods A are fixed to the back of the drive rod on the left side and the support plate on the right side. Two sleeve rods B are fixed to the front of the drive rod on the right side and the support plate on the left side. A pull rope is sleeved between the two sleeve rods A and between the two sleeve rods B on the same horizontal line.

[0014] Furthermore, the receiving assembly also includes two driving gears and two driven gears. The two driving gears are respectively fixed to the other end of the two dual-shaft motors, and the two driven gears are respectively fixed to the outside of the two drive rods, with adjacent driving gears and driven gears meshing with each other.

[0015] Furthermore, air ducts are fixed on both the upper and lower sides of the front of the solar panel, and multiple equidistant air nozzles are fixed on the opposite side of the two air ducts. A fan is fixed on the back of the solar panel, a filter screen is fixed on the air inlet pipe of the fan, and a dust removal pipe is fixed on the air outlet of the fan. The dust removal pipe is connected and fixed to the two air ducts via a T-junction.

[0016] Furthermore, all of the aforementioned air nozzles are located on the front side of the solar panel, and the upper and lower air nozzles are located on the same vertical line.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The photovoltaic solar panel uses a retractable adaptive protection device. Through the coordinated operation of the extending and retracting components, the device can automatically extend and retract the protective cover according to environmental changes, effectively blocking the invasion of natural factors such as sandstorms, snow, and hail, significantly improving the protection effect of the photovoltaic solar panel. The protective cover is made of polycarbonate material, which has good light transmittance and high strength. It can ensure that the solar panel can maintain a high power generation efficiency in the protected state, and can also provide reliable protection for the solar panel in severe weather.

[0018] 2. The photovoltaic solar panel uses a retractable adaptive protection device. The fan and nozzles equipped with the device can blow away surface dust when the protective cover is retracted, further improving the cleanliness of the solar panel and power generation efficiency. It can also form an air curtain in dusty weather to reduce dust contamination. Therefore, the device has a high degree of automation, reduces manual intervention, lowers maintenance costs and labor intensity, and improves the operating efficiency and economy of the photovoltaic system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the component structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving component structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fan structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1 Solar panel, 2 Protective mechanism, 21 Release component, 2101 Side box, 2102 Dual-axis motor, 2103 Receiving roller, 2104 Protective cover, 2105 Support plate, 2106 Sealing gasket, 2107 Limiting rod, 2108 Limiting groove, 22 Receiving component, 2201 Support base, 2202 Drive rod, 2203 Sleeve A, 2204 Sleeve B, 2205 Pull rope, 2206 Drive gear, 2207 Driven gear, 3 Air duct, 4 Air nozzle, 5 Fan, 6 Filter screen, 7 Dust removal tube. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a retractable adaptive protection device for a photovoltaic solar panel, comprising a solar panel 1, with a protection mechanism 2 for retraction and protection arranged around the solar panel 1. The protection mechanism 2 includes an extension component 21 and a retraction component 22. The extension component 21 specifically includes the following: Side boxes 2101: There are two of them, which are fixed to the left and right sides of the solar panel 1 respectively; Dual-axis motor 2102: There are two of them. The left dual-axis motor 2102 is fixed to the upper surface of the left side box 2101, and the right dual-axis motor 2102 is fixed to the lower surface of the right side box 2101. Collection roller 2103: It is rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the side box 2101 via bearings, and there are two of them. They are respectively fixed to one end of the output shaft of the two dual-axis motors 2102. Protective cover 2104: It is wrapped around the outside of the receiving roller 2103; Support plate 2105: There are two of them, and they are fixed to one side of the two protective covers 2104 respectively; Sealing gasket 2106: It is fixed to one side of the two support plates 2105.

[0023] Limiting rod 2107: There are two of them, and each is fixed between the two side boxes 2101 on opposite sides.

[0024] It should be noted that the protective mechanism 2 adopts a double-sided symmetrical release component 21 design. The dual-axis motor 2102 drives the receiving roller 2103 to release and retract the protective cover 2104. With the support plate 2105 and sealing gasket 2106, the protective cover 2104 can be stably unfolded and tightly closed. The structure is stable and the operation is reliable, providing the core mechanical foundation for automatic protection.

[0025] The two support plates 2105 each have two limiting grooves 2108 that are clearance-fitted with the limiting rod 2107, and the support plates 2105 slide linearly between the limiting grooves 2108 and the limiting rod 2107.

[0026] It should be noted that the support plate 2105 achieves linear sliding through the clearance fit between the limiting groove 2108 and the limiting rod 2107. This design provides precise guidance and support for the movement of the support plate 2105, effectively preventing it from shifting or jamming during the unfolding and retraction process, and ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the movement.

[0027] The side box 2101 is longer than the width of the solar panel 1, and both side boxes 2101 are rectangular in shape, with the side closest to each other missing to form a rectangular storage opening.

[0028] It should be noted that the length of the side box 2101 is greater than the width of the solar panel 1, ensuring that the protective cover 2104 can completely cover the panel surface; the cuboid structure has high strength and is easy to process; the rectangular storage opening formed by the missing side provides a smooth channel for the opening and closing of the protective cover 2104, and at the same time makes it easy for it to be completely hidden inside the side box 2101 after being stored, protecting the protective cover 2104 from external damage.

[0029] Among them, the protective cover 2104 is a polycarbonate cover, which is located in front of the solar panel 1.

[0030] It should be noted that the protective cover 2104, made of polycarbonate material, has high strength, high light transmittance, excellent impact resistance to resist hail and good weather resistance. It can effectively protect the solar panel 1 from physical damage and maximize power generation efficiency after being retracted, achieving a perfect balance between protection and light transmission.

[0031] Among them, the sealing gasket 2106 is a rubber gasket, and after the two support plates 2105 move to the maximum stroke, the two sealing gaskets 2106 are in a close fit.

[0032] It should be noted that after the support plate 2105 is fully extended, the rubber sealing gaskets 2106 on both sides fit together to form an effective sealing barrier, which can effectively prevent wind, sand, rain, snow and small foreign objects from entering through the seams of the protective cover 2104, thereby improving the overall tightness of protection and environmental adaptability.

[0033] The two limiting rods 2107 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the sealing gasket 2106, and the length between the two limiting rods 2107 is greater than the length of the storage opening.

[0034] It should be noted that the limiting rods 2107 are symmetrically distributed vertically, providing a stable and balanced sliding guide for the support plate 2105; their total length is greater than the storage opening, ensuring that the support plate 2105 always has a sufficiently long limiting rod 2107 to cooperate with the limiting groove 2108 during the movement, preventing the support plate 2105 from coming off at the end of the stroke, and ensuring the safety of the mechanism operation.

[0035] The receiving component 22 includes two support bases 2201 fixed to opposite sides of the two side boxes 2101. Drive rods 2202 are slidably connected inside the support bases 2201 on both sides. Two sleeve rods A2203 are fixed to the back of the left drive rod 2202 and the right support plate 2105. Two sleeve rods B2204 are fixed to the front of the right drive rod 2202 and the left support plate 2105. Pull ropes 2205 are sleeved between the two sleeve rods A2203 and between the two sleeve rods B2204 on the same horizontal line.

[0036] It should be noted that the retractable assembly 22 forms a linkage mechanism through the drive rod 2202, the sleeve rods A / B 2203 / 2204 and the pull rope 2205. The traction of the pull rope 2205 ensures that the protective covers 2104 on the left and right sides can move synchronously and in a coordinated manner during the retraction and extension process. This effectively solves the problem of asynchronous movement that may be caused by independent driving on both sides and ensures the flatness of the protective cover 2104 when it is unfolded.

[0037] The receiving component 22 also includes two driving gears 2206 and two driven gears 2207. The two driving gears 2206 are respectively fixed to the other end of the two dual-shaft motors 2102, and the two driven gears 2207 are respectively fixed to the outside of the two drive rods 2202, and the adjacent driving gears 2206 and driven gears 2207 mesh with each other.

[0038] It should be noted that the rotational power of the dual-shaft motor 2102 is efficiently and stably transmitted to the drive rod 2202 through the meshing transmission of the driving gear 2206 and the driven gear 2207, driving the rod to rotate. In turn, the support plate 2105 is pulled by the pull rope 2205, thus realizing the precise transmission of motor power and synchronous drive of the mechanism. The transmission efficiency is high and the control is precise.

[0039] Among them, air ducts 3 are fixed on the upper and lower sides of the front of the solar panel 1, and multiple equidistant air nozzles 4 are fixed on the opposite side of the two air ducts 3. A fan 5 is fixed on the back of the solar panel 1. A filter screen 6 is fixed on the air inlet pipe of the fan 5. A dust removal pipe 7 is fixed on the air outlet of the fan 5. The dust removal pipe 7 is connected and fixed to the two air ducts 3 through a T-junction.

[0040] It should be noted that the self-cleaning system draws in air from the outside through the fan 5, filters it through the filter screen 6, and then delivers it to the air duct 3 through the dust removal pipe 7 and the three-way pipe. Finally, it blows the air onto the surface of the solar panel 1 from multiple equally spaced nozzles 4, forming a uniform clean airflow that can effectively blow away dust and light dirt from the surface, keep the panel clean, improve light transmittance, and reduce the frequency of manual maintenance.

[0041] Among them, multiple air nozzles 4 are located on the front side of the solar panel 1, and the upper and lower air nozzles 4 are located on the same vertical line.

[0042] It should be noted that all four nozzles are located on the front side of the panel and aligned vertically to ensure that the airflow acts vertically or nearly vertically on the entire panel surface, providing uniform airflow coverage without any cleaning dead corners, maximizing the cleaning effect, and preventing the airflow from blowing dust to the edges of the panel surface and causing it to accumulate.

[0043] All electrical components mentioned in this article are electrically connected to the controller and power supply. The control method of this invention is controlled by the controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by those skilled in the art through simple programming. The provision of power (provided by the battery) is also common knowledge in the art. Furthermore, this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail here.

[0044] The working principle of the above embodiments is as follows: The protective cover 2104 is wound around the storage roller 2103. When the protective cover 2104 needs to be unfolded, the lower output shaft of the right-side dual-axis motor 2102 operates, and through the cooperation of the drive gear 2206 and the driven gear 2207, it drives the right-side drive rod 2202 to rotate. During its rotation, the pull rope 2205 on the sleeve rod A 2203 and sleeve rod B 2204 pulls the left-side support plate 2105 to move. To avoid motion interference, the lower output shaft of the left-side dual-axis motor 2102 operates to release the protective cover 2104, and the pull rope 2205 is used to pull it to cover the left side of the front of the solar panel 1. Similarly, the right-side protective cover 2104 covers the solar panel 1 in the same way. When not in use, the output shaft of the dual-axis motor 2102 is turned off. The shaft rotates, causing the collecting roller 2103 to wind the protective cover 2104. The protective cover 2104 is completely rolled up and stored in the side box 2101, and the solar panel 1 returns to normal working condition. Moreover, it can effectively protect itself when stored inside the side box 2101. The fan 5 draws in air through the filter screen 6 and delivers the air to the air duct 3 through the dust removal pipe 7. The air in the air duct 3 is blown onto the surface of the solar panel 1 through the air nozzle 4, blowing away the dust and dirt on the surface and keeping the solar panel 1 clean. The air blown out by the air nozzle 4 can effectively remove the dust and dirt on the surface of the solar panel 1, improve the light transmittance and power generation efficiency of the solar panel 1. The regular operation of the fan 5 and the air nozzle 4 can keep the surface of the solar panel 1 clean, reduce the frequency and cost of manual maintenance, and effectively prevent dust in dusty weather.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels, comprising a solar panel (1), characterized in that: The solar panel (1) is surrounded by a protective mechanism (2) for retraction and protection. The protective mechanism (2) includes an extension component (21) and a retraction component (22). The extension component (21) specifically includes the following: Side boxes (2101): There are two of them, which are fixed on the left and right sides of the solar panel (1) respectively; Dual-axis motor (2102): There are two of them. The dual-axis motor (2102) on the left side is fixed to the upper surface of the left side box (2101), and the dual-axis motor (2102) on the right side is fixed to the lower surface of the right side box (2101). Collection roller (2103): It is rotatably connected between the upper and lower inner walls of the side box (2101) via bearings, and there are two of them. They are respectively fixed to one end of the output shaft of two dual-axis motors (2102). Protective cover (2104): It is wrapped around the outside of the receiving roller (2103); Support plate (2105): There are two of them, and they are fixed to one side of the two protective covers (2104) respectively; Sealing gasket (2106): It is fixed to one side of the two support plates (2105). Limiting rod (2107): There are two of them, and they are both fixed between the two side boxes (2101) on opposite sides.

2. The retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two support plates (2105) each have two limiting grooves (2108) that are clearance-fitted with the limiting rod (2107), and the support plate (2105) slides linearly between the limiting groove (2108) and the limiting rod (2107).

3. The retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the side box (2101) is greater than the width of the solar panel (1), and both side boxes (2101) are rectangular in shape, with the side closest to each other missing to form a rectangular storage opening.

4. The retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (2104) is a polycarbonate cover, which is located in front of the solar panel (1).

5. A retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing gasket (2106) is a rubber gasket, and after the two support plates (2105) move to their maximum stroke, the two sealing gaskets (2106) are in a close fit.

6. A retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two limiting rods (2107) are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the sealing gasket (2106), and the length between the two limiting rods (2107) is greater than the length of the storage opening.

7. A retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving assembly (22) includes two support seats (2201) fixed to opposite sides of two side boxes (2101). A drive rod (2202) is slidably connected inside the support seats (2201) on both sides. Two sleeve rods A (2203) are fixed on the back of the drive rod (2202) on the left and the support plate (2105) on the right. Two sleeve rods B (2204) are fixed on the front of the drive rod (2202) on the right and the support plate (2105) on the left. A pull rope (2205) is sleeved between the two sleeve rods A (2203) and between the two sleeve rods B (2204) on the same horizontal line.

8. A retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The receiving assembly (22) also includes two drive gears (2206) and two driven gears (2207). The two drive gears (2206) are respectively fixed to the other end of the two dual-shaft motors (2102), and the two driven gears (2207) are respectively fixed to the outside of the two drive rods (2202). The adjacent drive gears (2206) and driven gears (2207) mesh with each other.

9. A retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel (1) has air ducts (3) fixed on both the top and bottom sides of its front side. Multiple equidistant air nozzles (4) are fixed on the opposite side of the two air ducts (3). A fan (5) is fixed on the back of the solar panel (1). A filter screen (6) is fixed on the air inlet pipe of the fan (5). A dust removal pipe (7) is fixed on the air outlet of the fan (5). The dust removal pipe (7) is connected to the two air ducts (3) and fixed via a T-junction.

10. A retractable adaptive protection device for photovoltaic solar panels according to claim 9, characterized in that: The multiple air nozzles (4) are located on the front side of the solar panel (1), and the air nozzles (4) on the upper and lower sides are located on the same vertical line.

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