Mesh architecture for controlling large scale quantum processors

Abstract

The invention discloses a grid architecture for controlling a large scale quantum processor, comprising: a parameter driven tunable coupler coupled to each superconducting qubit in a group of superconducting qubits comprising three or more superconducting qubits; a flux pump coupled to the parameter driven tunable coupler; a first control line coupled to the flux pump; and a second control line coupled to the flux pump. When one or more first frequency signals of the first control line and one or more second frequency signals of the second control line satisfy a specified condition, the first control line and the second control line are switched on. The parameter-driven tunable coupler generates a parameter single superconducting qubit drive of a single superconducting qubit within the set of superconducting qubits or a parameter resonant interaction between a single pair of superconducting qubits within the set of superconducting qubits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention generally relates to a processor. More specifically, it relates to a grid architecture for controlling large-scale quantum processors. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, methods for achieving complete control over all individual superconducting qubits and coupling between superconducting qubits (also known as superconducting quantum bytes) typically require several independent physical control lines to address each superconducting qubit and the coupling between any two superconducting qubits. This traditional and commonly used architecture significantly increases the difficulty of building low-crosstalk, low-error quantum processors because the number of control lines inevitably scales with the number of superconducting qubits and their couplings. For example, common superconducting quantum processors typically have a large number of control lines. A square grid configuration of superconducting qubits, where each superconducting qubit is directly coupled to its four nearest neighbors, requires at least [number missing] superconducting qubits for complete control of this quantum processor. Individual superconducting qubit control lines and coupling between coupled superconducting qubit pairs. A control line. Furthermore, in the above typical examples, for access... Within a superconducting qubit lattice, the control lines inevitably intersect each other and even the superconducting qubits themselves, significantly increasing crosstalk, superconducting qubit control errors, and decoherent noise channels. To mitigate these errors and noise, complex methods in microfabrication and quantum control optimization algorithms have been extensively explored. These mitigation methods not only significantly increase the difficulty of scaling quantum processors beyond current scales, but their scalability is also questionable (i.e., these methods may not be able to solve the problems of large-scale quantum processors because scaling these methods becomes difficult as the QPU size increases). Summary of the Invention

[0003] One embodiment of the present invention provides a controller for a group of superconducting qubits, comprising: a parameter-driven tunable coupler coupled to each superconducting qubit in the group comprising three or more superconducting qubits; a flux pump coupled to the parameter-driven tunable coupler; a first control line coupled to the flux pump; and a second control line coupled to the flux pump. When one or more first frequency signals of the first control line and one or more second frequency signals of the second control line satisfy specified conditions, the parameter-driven tunable coupler generates parameter-single superconducting qubit driving of a single superconducting qubit within the group of superconducting qubits or parameter-resonant interaction between pairs of superconducting qubits within the group of superconducting qubits.

[0004] In one embodiment, each superconducting qubit in the set of superconducting qubits is coupled to a readout resonator. In another embodiment, each superconducting qubit in the set of superconducting qubits is configured to respond to a specified frequency from the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the set of superconducting qubits is disposed around each parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the parameter-driven tunable coupler includes a superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID). In another embodiment, the first control line and the second control line intersect at the flux control port location of the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the specified condition includes the sum or difference of one or more first frequency signals and one or more second frequency signals corresponding to the pair of superconducting qubits, and the specified condition includes the sum or difference of one or more first frequency signals, one or more second frequency signals, and a dipole drive signal corresponding to the single superconducting qubit. In another embodiment, the pair of superconducting qubits includes three or more superconducting qubits in the set. The superconducting qubits are paired, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the group of three or more superconducting qubits. In another embodiment, the group of superconducting qubits, the parameter-driven tunable coupler, and the flux pump are disposed on a first chip, the first control line and the second control line are disposed on a second chip, and the first chip and the second chip are bonded together in a flip-chip configuration.

[0005] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum processor comprising: an array of superconducting qubits configured in groups of three or more superconducting qubits; and a controller coupled to each group of three or more superconducting qubits. The controller comprises: a parameter-driven tunable coupler coupled to each superconducting qubit in the group of three or more superconducting qubits; a flux pump coupled to the parameter-driven tunable coupler; a first control line coupled to the flux pump; and a second control line coupled to the flux pump. When one or more first frequency signals of the first control line and one or more second frequency signals of the second control line satisfy specified conditions, the parameter-driven tunable coupler generates parameter-single superconducting qubit driving of a single superconducting qubit within the group of three or more superconducting qubits, or parameter-resonant interaction between pairs of superconducting qubits within the group of three or more superconducting qubits.

[0006] In one embodiment, the number of superconducting qubits in the superconducting qubit array is based on... Scaling and the total number of these first control lines and these second control lines according to Scaling. In another embodiment, each of the three or more superconducting qubits in the group is coupled to a readout resonator. In another embodiment, each of the three or more superconducting qubits in the group is configured to respond to a specified frequency from the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the parameter-driven tunable coupler is configured in a square lattice, rectangular lattice, tilted lattice, hexagonal lattice, or rhombic lattice, wherein the three or more superconducting qubits are configured around each parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the parameter-driven tunable coupler includes a superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID). In another embodiment, the first control line and the second control line intersect at the flux control port location of the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the specified condition includes the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals and the one or more second frequency signals corresponding to the pair of superconducting qubits, and the specified condition includes the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals, the one or more second frequency signals, and the dipole drive signal corresponding to the single superconducting qubit. In another embodiment, the pair of superconducting qubits includes three or more superconducting qubits in the group. The superconducting qubits are paired, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the group of three or more superconducting qubits. In another embodiment, the group of superconducting qubits, the parameter-driven tunable coupler, and the flux pump are disposed on a first chip, the first control line and the second control line are disposed on a second chip, and the first chip and the second chip are bonded together in a flip-chip configuration.

[0007] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a group of superconducting qubits: providing a parameter-driven tunable coupler coupled to each superconducting qubit in the group of superconducting qubits, a flux pump coupled to the parameter-driven tunable coupler, a first control line coupled to the flux pump, and a second control line coupled to the flux pump; transmitting one or more first frequency signals on the first control line and transmitting one or more second frequency signals on the second control line; and when the one or more first frequency signals and the one or more second frequency signals satisfy specified conditions, using the parameter-driven tunable coupler to generate parameter-single superconducting qubit driving of a single superconducting qubit in the group of superconducting qubits or parameter-resonant interaction between a single pair of superconducting qubits in the group of superconducting qubits.

[0008] In one embodiment, the set of superconducting qubits comprises three or more superconducting qubits. In another embodiment, each superconducting qubit in the set is coupled to a readout resonator. In another embodiment, each superconducting qubit in the set is configured to respond to a specified frequency from the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the set of superconducting qubits is disposed around each parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the parameter-driven tunable coupler includes a superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID). In another embodiment, the first control line and the second control line intersect at the flux control port location of the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the specified condition includes the sum or difference of one or more first frequency signals and one or more second frequency signals corresponding to the pair of superconducting qubits, and the specified condition includes the sum or difference of one or more first frequency signals, one or more second frequency signals, and a dipole drive signal corresponding to the single superconducting qubit. In another embodiment, the pair of superconducting qubits comprises three or more superconducting qubits in the set. A pairwise combination, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the three or more superconducting qubits of the group. Attached Figure Description

[0009] For a more complete understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention, reference is now made to the detailed description of the invention together with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0010] Figure 1 A quantum processor according to an embodiment of the present invention is described;

[0011] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Microscopic photographs of two superconducting qubits, a readout resonator for one superconducting qubit, and two parameter-driven tunable couplers within a quantum processor.

[0012] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An unfolded diagram of a set of superconducting qubits within a quantum processor;

[0013] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Unfolded diagram of parameter-driven tunable couplers within a quantum processor;

[0014] Figure 5 for Figure 1 An unfolded diagram of a set of superconducting qubits within a quantum processor;

[0015] Figure 6 Depicting a flip-chip configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 7A and Figure 7BDepicting parametric single superconducting quantum bit drive according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 8A and Figure 8B Depicting parametric dual superconducting qubit interactions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 9A and Figure 9B A quantum processor having a set of three superconducting qubits according to an embodiment of the present invention is described; and

[0019] Figure 10 A method for controlling a set of superconducting qubits according to an embodiment of the present invention is described. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following describes exemplary embodiments of the system of this application. For clarity, not all features of the actual implementation are described in this specification. It should be understood, of course, that in the development of any such actual embodiment, many implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve specific objectives, such as complying with system-related and business-related constraints, and these decisions vary from implementation to implementation. Furthermore, it should be understood that this development may be complex and time-consuming, but is still a routine task for those skilled in the art.

[0021] This invention illustrates a way to scale up quantum processors by significantly reducing the number of control lines required, because conventional techniques require approximately O(N) control lines, where N is the total number of superconducting qubits, while the disclosure of this invention requires only O(N). This fundamental scalability advantage also significantly reduces the need for complex microfabrication techniques and advanced quantum control optimization algorithms for implementing and operating large-scale (numerous superconducting qubits) quantum processors with high connectivity (high coordination number). Large-scale quantum processors and their control will bring together so-called quantum advantages in computational solutions for discovering / generating new materials, medicine, AI, and other critical problems. By providing a scalable architecture for large-scale quantum processors, this invention could be key to accelerating the next evolution of information technology and a new era of abundant market opportunities.

[0022] Various embodiments of the present invention offer several advantages. Although used for control The grid with coordination number c Traditional methods for identifying superconducting qubits require approximations. While traditional methods use multiple control lines to address all superconducting qubits and their couplings, the architecture disclosed herein simplifies the number of control lines to a scaling factor of N + M. This significantly reduces the requirements for microfabrication and quantum control algorithm optimization, mitigating errors and noise caused by control lines intersecting with each other and with superconducting qubits. This invention allows... Direct, high-fidelity addressing of large N*M superconducting qubit arrays in rectangular grids with high connectivity (coordination number). The architecture disclosed in this paper improves the scalability of superconducting quantum processors.

[0023] For reference Figure 1 The figure illustrates a quantum processor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 2 and Figure 3 The figure shows various details of a quantum processor 100. The quantum processor 100 contains arrays of superconducting qubits arranged in groups of three or more (e.g., 102). In this example, there are four superconducting qubits in this group of superconducting qubits 102. , , , . Figure 9A and Figure 9B An example of a set of superconducting qubits with three superconducting qubits is shown. This set of superconducting qubits may contain three or more superconducting qubits. Parameters drive the tunable coupler 104 via a connector. , , , Each superconducting qubit coupled to the superconducting qubit 102 , , , More specifically, parameter-driven tunable couplers 104 within the quantum processor 100 are configured in a square lattice, with three or more superconducting qubits arranged around each parameter-driven tunable coupler 104. It should be noted that rectangular lattices, tilted lattices, hexagonal lattices, rhomboid lattices, or other geometrically shaped lattices may also be used. The parameter-driven tunable couplers 104 include flux pumps 702a and 702b, coupled to a first control line 108 and a second control line 110 intersecting at a flux control port location 704 (see [reference]). Figure 7A and Figure 8A In this example, the first control line 108 is a vertical control line (Y-Ctrl), and the second control line 110 is a horizontal control line (X-Ctrl). Figure 6 As illustrated, control lines 108 and 110 can be located on a separate silicon chip, the "wire chip," allowing the qubit chip die to be flip-chip bonded to the wire chip. For an N x M superconducting qubit array, the total number of the first control lines 108 and the second control lines 110 is scaled by N + M (i.e., half the perimeter of the array), because the number of qubits in the array is scaled to N × M, which is... This represents a significant improvement over previous techniques in scaling (i.e., the total number of qubits in the array). In addition to the advantages of the scaling law, more or fewer first and second control lines 108 and 110 can be used depending on the practical requirements of the specific design. Each superconducting qubit... , , , Corresponding to superconducting quantum bit readout resonators , , , When one or more first frequency signals on the first control line 108 and one or more second frequency signals on the second control line 110 meet specified conditions, the parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 generates parameter-driven single-superconducting quantum bit driving for a single superconducting quantum bit within the group of superconducting quantum bits 102 (see [reference]). Figure 7A and Figure 7B ) or parametric resonant interactions between single pairs of superconducting qubits within this group of superconducting qubits 102 (see Figure 8A and Figure 8B In this example, the pair of superconducting qubits can be one of six pairs: - , - , - , - , - , - In other embodiments, the pair of superconducting qubits is three or more superconducting qubits in the group. A pairwise combination, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the three or more superconducting qubits of the group.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 provides frequency spatial selectivity. The first control line 108 provides a non-zero amplitude. and frequency One or more first frequency signals. The second control line 110 provides a non-zero amplitude. and frequency One or more second frequency signals. The desired parameters drive the tunable coupler 104 located at the carrier non-zero amplitude. The intersection of the control lines (X-Ctrl, Y-Ctrl) of the signals. When two control frequencies... The desired interaction occurs when specific conditions are met. The parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 is also controlled by an amplitude-dependent oscillator on either control line 108 and / or control line 110. and frequency The parametric dipole drive signal drives the device. When specific conditions are met between the three control drive signals (i.e., two control signals and the dipole drive signal), the compliance effect results in effective parametric dipole drive of the single superconducting qubit coupled to the parametric drive tunable coupler 104 (see [reference]). Figure 4 , Figure 7A and Figure 7B ).

[0025] For reference Figure 4 The image shows Figure 1 An expanded view of the parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 within the quantum processor 100. The parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 may include a superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID) 402. The asymmetrically configured SQUID 402 will result in a driving dipole term in the dynamics of the driving tunable coupler-superconducting qubit system. The dipole driving interaction is introduced by flux-driven signals on two intersecting control lines 108, 110 when specific conditions between the signals are met.

[0026] For reference Figure 5 The image shows Figure 1 The group of superconducting qubits within the quantum processor 100 The unfolded diagram. Each superconducting qubit (e.g.) This includes a single Josephson junction 502 for tuning superconducting qubits to a fixed frequency. Various detailed, non-limiting examples of superconducting qubits are described in PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US23 / 19199, filed April 20, 2023; U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 137,016, filed April 20, 2023; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 426,204, filed November 17, 2022; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 333,225, filed April 21, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0027] For reference Figure 6 The figure illustrates a flip-chip configuration 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A superconducting qubit array and a parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 are disposed on a first chip 602, and a first control line 108 and a second control line 110 are disposed on a second chip 604. The first chip 602 and the second chip 604 are bonded together in the flip-chip configuration 600.

[0028] For reference Figure 7A and Figure 7BThe figure illustrates a parametric single-superconducting qubit drive 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Dual-tone parametric flux pumps 702a to 702b are coupled to a parametric drive tunable coupler 104 and are used to generate parametric single-superconducting qubit drive for the superconducting qubits coupled to the coupler. In the embodiment shown in the figure, four superconducting qubits... , , , Connected to each parameter-driven tunable coupler 104. More superconducting qubits can be connected to each parameter-driven tunable coupler 104. A parameter coupling procedure supported by a single parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 is initiated by two intersecting orthogonal control lines 108, 110 at a flux control port location (which is the geometry above SQUID 402). The flux control port location couples the drive signals from the two control lines 108, 110 to SQUID 402 to generate parameter drive on the parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 and to generate drive parameter interactions between single superconducting qubit drives, as described above. The parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 can be tuned by the magnetic flux through SQUID 402. Each of the two intersecting control lines 108, 110 should carry one or more frequency tones such that the sum or difference between the frequency tones corresponds to appropriate values ​​corresponding to a desired type of single superconducting qubit drive for a desired superconducting qubit. Similar to the above, this dual selection rule enables precise control of a single superconducting qubit drive to occur precisely as expected and minimizes the quantum control error of the precise logic gate used to implement the single superconducting qubit.

[0029] The drive combination flux drive for the horizontal control line 110 is a flux pump 702a. and SQUID dipole drive pump 402 The flux drive for the vertical control line 108 is a flux pump 702b. and potential SQUID dipole driven pump 402 Therefore, in this example, there is a 0-1 transition frequency. of The driving condition for a single superconducting quantum bit is , its in Figure 7B The graph is plotted relative to the interaction time, measured in nanoseconds. In the demonstration, The state is initialized to The even-wave hybrid Hamiltonian after renormalization of [1,2] static superconducting qubit interactions is:

[0030] .

[0031] The asymmetric SQUID 402 even-wave hybrid Hamiltonian with an asymmetric parameter d, which generates the dipole driving term as the last term of the above interactive Hamiltonian, is:

[0032] .

[0033] For reference Figure 8A and Figure 8B The figure illustrates a parametric dual superconducting qubit interaction 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A dual-tone parametric flux pump 702 is coupled to a parametrically driven tunable coupler 104 and is used to generate parametric resonant interactions between desired pairs of superconducting qubits coupled to the coupler. In one embodiment, four superconducting qubits... , , , Connected to their respective couplers. More superconducting qubits can be connected to the respective parameter-driven tunable couplers 104. A parameter coupling procedure supported by a parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 is initiated by two intersecting orthogonal control lines 108, 110 at a flux control port location (which is the geometry above SQUID 402). The flux control port location couples the drive signals from the two control lines 108, 110 to SQUID 402 to generate parameter drive on the parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 and to generate drive parameter interaction between the pair of superconducting qubits, as described above. Each of the two intersecting control lines 108, 110 should carry one or more frequency tones such that the sum or difference between the frequency tones corresponds to appropriate values ​​that correspond to a type of two-superconducting qubit coupling between two superconducting qubits coupled to a shared drive coupler. The pair of superconducting qubits can be one of six pairs: - , - , - , - , - , - In other embodiments, the pair of superconducting qubits is three or more superconducting qubits in the group. Pairwise combinations are used, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the group of three or more superconducting qubits. Therefore, in summary, the desired spatial and spectral selection of the two superconducting qubit logic gates is achieved simultaneously through the desired parametric interactions between the pairs of superconducting qubits. This dual selection rule ensures that precise control of qubit-qubit interactions occurs precisely only as expected and minimizes the quantum control errors used to achieve precise logic gates between the superconducting qubits.

[0034] As mentioned above, multi-tone actuation is used to initiate and apply desired precision quantum control of single qubits and qubit pairs. These tones can be frequency-multitasked on two intersecting control lines to generate desired interactions and actuations on superconducting qubits sharing a single coupler. Additionally, spatial control multitasking can also initiate interactions between two superconducting qubits along a link by simultaneously driving several intersecting control lines.

[0035] The drive combination flux drive for the horizontal control line 110 is a flux pump 702a. The flux drive for the vertical control line 108 is a flux pump 702b. Therefore, in the example, it has a fixed frequency. of and has a fixed frequency of The photon exchange condition is: , its in Figure 8B The graph is plotted relative to the interaction time, which is measured in nanoseconds. The system uses Initialization. The even-wave mixed Hamiltonian after the interaction of the [1,2] static superconducting qubit coupler is:

[0036] .

[0037] For reference Figure 9A The figure illustrates a quantum processor 900 having a set of three superconducting qubits 902 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 is coupled to each superconducting qubit in the set of superconducting qubits 902 via a connector. , , More specifically, the parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 within the quantum processor 900 is configured in a hexagonal lattice, containing three superconducting qubits. , , The parameters are configured around the tunable coupler 104. The tunable coupler 104 includes a flux pump coupled to a first control line 108 and a second control line 110 that intersect at the flux control port location (see...). Figure 7A and Figure 8A In this example, the first control line 108 is a vertical control line (Y-Ctrl), while the second control line 110 is a diagonal control line (D-Ctrl).

[0038] For reference Figure 9BThe figure illustrates a quantum processor 950 having a set of three superconducting qubits 902 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 is coupled to each superconducting qubit in the set of superconducting qubits 902 via a connector. , , More specifically, the parameter-driven tunable coupler 104 within the quantum processor 950 is configured in a hexagonal lattice, containing three superconducting qubits. , , The parameters are configured around the tunable coupler 104. The tunable coupler 104 includes a flux pump coupled to a first control line 108 and a second control line 110 that intersect at the flux control port location (see...). Figure 7A and Figure 8A In this example, the first control line 108 is a vertical control line (Y-Ctrl), while the second control line 110 is a horizontal control line (X-Ctrl).

[0039] For reference Figure 10 The figure illustrates a method 1000 for controlling a group of superconducting qubits according to an embodiment of the present invention. In step 1002, a parameter-driven tunable coupler coupled to each superconducting qubit in the group comprising three or more superconducting qubits, a flux pump coupled to the parameter-driven tunable coupler, a first control line coupled to the flux pump, and a second control line coupled to the flux pump are provided. In step 1004, one or more first frequency signals are transmitted on the first control line and one or more second frequency signals are transmitted on the second control line. In step 1006, when the one or more first frequency signals and the one or more second frequency signals satisfy a specified condition, the parameter-driven tunable coupler is used to generate parameter-single superconducting qubit driving of a single superconducting qubit within the group of superconducting qubits or parameter-resonant interaction between single pairs of superconducting qubits within the group of superconducting qubits.

[0040] In one embodiment, each superconducting qubit in the set of superconducting qubits is coupled to a readout resonator. In another embodiment, each superconducting qubit in the set of superconducting qubits is configured to respond to a specified frequency from the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the set of superconducting qubits is disposed around each parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the parameter-driven tunable coupler includes a superconducting quantum interface device (SQUID) with an asymmetric parameter d for enabling flux-tunable coupling between superconducting qubits and generating qubit-qubit parameter coupling and single superconducting qubit dipole actuation. In another embodiment, the first control line and the second control line intersect at the flux control port location of the parameter-driven tunable coupler. In another embodiment, the specified condition includes the sum or difference of one or more first frequency signals and one or more second frequency signals corresponding to the pair of superconducting qubits, and the specified condition includes the sum or difference of one or more first frequency signals, one or more second frequency signals, and dipole actuation signals corresponding to the single superconducting qubit. In another embodiment, the pair of superconducting qubits includes three or more superconducting qubits in the group. A pairwise combination, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the three or more superconducting qubits of the group.

[0041] The circuit may use (but is not limited to) single or combined implementations of discrete electrical and electronic components, integrated circuits, semiconductor devices, analog devices, digital devices, etc. Components may be coupled together using any type of suitable direct or indirect connection between components, including (but not limited to) lines, paths, pathways, vias, electromagnetic induction, electrostatic charge, optical links, wireless communication links, etc.

[0042] It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are shown by way of illustration and not as limitations of the invention. The main features of the invention may be employed in various embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize or be able to determine various equivalents of the specific procedures described herein using only conventional experimentation. These equivalents are considered to be within the scope of the invention and covered by the claims.

[0043] All disclosures and patent applications mentioned in this specification are intended to indicate the skill level of someone skilled in the art. All disclosures and patent applications are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent that each individual disclosure or patent application would be expressly and separately cited.

[0044] In this specification, reference may be made to the spatial relationships between the various components of the apparatus as depicted in the accompanying drawings, and the spatial orientations of various embodiments of the components. However, those skilled in the art will recognize, upon fully reading this application, that the apparatus, components, devices, etc., described herein can be positioned in any desired orientation. Therefore, the use of terms such as “above,” “below,” “upper,” “lower,” or other similar terms to describe the spatial relationships between various components or the spatial orientations of embodiments of these components should be understood as describing the relative relationships between these components or the spatial orientations of embodiments of these components, since the apparatus described herein can be oriented in any desired direction.

[0045] When used in conjunction with the term "comprising" in the application content and / or specification, the use of the word "a" can mean "one," but it is also consistent with the meaning of "one or more," "at least one," and "one or more." Unless explicitly indicated as referring only to alternatives or that alternatives are mutually exclusive, the use of the term "or" in the application can be used to mean "and / or," although the present invention also supports the definition of referring only to alternatives and "and / or." In this application, the term "about" is used to indicate that a numerical value includes inherent error variations in the apparatus, variations existing between the method used to determine the value, or variations between the object of study.

[0046] As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “having,” “including,” etc., encompass or are open-ended and do not exclude additional, undescribed components or method steps. In embodiments of any of the compositions and methods provided herein, “comprising” may be replaced by “consistently consisting of” or “consistent with.” As used herein, the phrase “consistently consisting of” requires specifying (a number of) wholes or steps as well as wholes or steps that do not substantially affect the features or functions claimed by the invention. As used herein, the term “comprising” is used only to indicate the presence of said wholes (e.g., features, components, characteristics, properties, method / procedure steps, or limitations) or groups of wholes (e.g., (a number of) features, (a number of) components, (a number of) characteristics, (a number of) properties, (a number of) method / procedure steps, or (a number of) limitations).

[0047] The term "or combinations thereof" (as used herein) refers to all permutations and combinations of the terms listed preceding the term. For example, "A, B, C, or combinations thereof" is intended to include at least one of the following: A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC, and also includes BA, CA, CB, CBA, BCA, ACB, BAC, or CAB if the order is more important in the particular context. Continuing this example, it explicitly includes repeating combinations containing one or more items or terms, such as BB, AAA, AB, BBC, AAABCCCC, CBBAAA, CABABB, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that there is generally no limitation on the number of items or terms in any combination unless it is obvious from the context.

[0048] As used herein, approximations such as “about,” “substantial,” or “essentially” mean that, when modified in this way, the condition is not necessarily absolute or perfect, but should be considered close enough to the general technique to guarantee the existence of the specified condition. The degree of variability will depend on how much change can be made while the general technique still identifies the modified feature as having the desired characteristics and ability to retain the unmodified feature. Generally, but limited to the foregoing discussion, numerical values ​​modified herein by approximations (such as “about”) may vary from the stated value by at least ±1%, ±2%, ±3%, ±4%, ±5%, ±6%, ±7%, ±10%, ±12%, or ±15%.

[0049] According to the present invention, all the apparatuses and / or methods disclosed and claimed herein can be made and performed without improper experimentation. Although the apparatuses and / or methods of the present invention have been described with respect to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that variations can be applied to the compositions and / or methods and steps or sequences of steps described herein without departing from the concept, spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all such similar substitutions and modifications are considered to be within the spirit, scope and concept of the present invention.

[0050] Furthermore, the details of the constructions or designs shown herein are not intended to be limited beyond those described in the following claims. Therefore, it is apparent that the specific embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified, and all such modifications should be considered within the scope and spirit of the invention.

[0051] Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the systems and devices described herein without departing from the scope of the invention. Components of the systems and devices may be integrated or separated. Furthermore, the operation of the systems and devices may be performed by more, fewer, or other components. Methods may include more, fewer, or other steps. Additionally, steps may be performed in any suitable order.

[0052] To assist the Patent Office and those skilled in the art in understanding the scope of this application, the applicant hereby states that, unless the expressions “for the manner of” or “for the steps of” are explicitly used, the applicant does not intend to subject the application to 35 U.SC § 112(f).

[0053] References

[0054] [1]YY Gao, BJ Lester, Y. Zhang, C. Wang, S. Rosenblum, L.Frunzio, L. Jiang, SM Girvin, RJ Schoelkopf, Programmable Interface between Two Microwave Quantum Memories, Physical Review X 8, 021073 (2018) DOI: 10.1103 / PhsRevX.8.021073.

[0055] [2]C. Zhou, P. Lu, M. Praquin, TC Chien, R. Kaufman,

Claims

1. A controller for assembling superconducting qubits, characterized in that, include: A parameter-driven tunable coupler is used to couple to each superconducting qubit in the group of superconducting qubits comprising three or more superconducting qubits. A flux pump coupled to the parameter-driven tunable coupler; A first control line is coupled to the flux pump; and A second control line is coupled to the flux pump; When one or more first frequency signals of the first control line and one or more second frequency signals of the second control line meet the specified conditions, the parameter-driven tunable coupler generates parameter single-superconducting quantum bit driving of a single superconducting quantum bit within the group of superconducting quantum bits or parameter resonant interaction between single pairs of superconducting quantum bits within the group of superconducting quantum bits.

2. The controller as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The controller further includes a readout resonator coupled to each superconducting quantum bit in the group of superconducting quantum bits.

3. The controller as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each superconducting quantum bit in the group of superconducting quantum bits is configured to respond to a specified frequency from the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

4. The controller as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The group of superconducting qubits is arranged around the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

5. The controller as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The parameter-driven tunable coupler includes a superconducting quantum interface device.

6. The controller as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first control line and the second control line intersect at the flux control port of the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

7. The controller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specified conditions include the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals and the one or more second frequency signals corresponding to the single pair of superconducting qubits; and The specified conditions include the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals, the one or more second frequency signals, and the dipole driving signal corresponding to the single superconducting quantum bit.

8. The controller as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The single pair of superconducting qubits includes three or more superconducting qubits from the group. A pairwise combination, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the three or more superconducting qubits of the group.

9. The controller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The superconducting quantum bits, the parameter-driven tunable coupler, and the flux pump are mounted on the first chip. The first control line and the second control line are disposed on the second chip; and The first chip and the second chip are bonded together in a flip-chip configuration.

10. A quantum processor, characterized in that, include: A superconducting qubit array, which is configured in several groups of three or more superconducting qubits; and A controller coupled to three or more superconducting qubits in each group, wherein the controller comprises: A parameter-driven tunable coupler is used, which is respectively coupled to each of the three or more superconducting qubits in the group. A flux pump, coupled to the parameter-driven tunable coupler. The first control line, coupled to the flux pump, and A second control line is coupled to the flux pump; When one or more first frequency signals of the first control line and one or more second frequency signals of the second control line meet specified conditions, the parameter-driven tunable coupler generates parameter single-superconducting quantum bit driving of a single superconducting quantum bit within three or more superconducting quantum bits of the group, or parameter resonant interaction between single pairs of superconducting quantum bits within three or more superconducting quantum bits of the group.

11. The quantum processor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The number of superconducting qubits in the superconducting qubit array is as follows: Scaling and the total number of the first control line and the second control line according to Scaling.

12. The quantum processor as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The controller further includes a readout resonator for each of the three or more superconducting qubits coupled to the group.

13. The quantum processor as described in claim 10, characterized in that, Each of the three or more superconducting qubits in the group is configured to respond to a specified frequency from the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

14. The quantum processor as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The parameter-driven tunable couplers are configured in a square lattice, rectangular lattice, tilted lattice, hexagonal lattice, or rhombic lattice, wherein three or more superconducting qubits are configured around each parameter-driven tunable coupler.

15. The quantum processor as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The parameter-driven tunable coupler includes a superconducting quantum interface device.

16. The quantum processor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The first control line and the second control line intersect at the flux control port of the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

17. The quantum processor as described in claim 10, characterized in that: The specified conditions include the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals and the one or more second frequency signals corresponding to the single pair of superconducting qubits; and The specified conditions include the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals, the one or more second frequency signals, and the dipole driving signal corresponding to the single superconducting quantum bit.

18. The quantum processor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The single pair of superconducting qubits includes three or more superconducting qubits from the group. A pairwise combination, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the three or more superconducting qubits of the group.

19. The quantum processor as described in claim 10, characterized in that: The superconducting quantum bits, the parameter-driven tunable coupler, and the flux pump are mounted on the first chip. The first control line and the second control line are disposed on the second chip; and The first chip and the second chip are bonded together in a flip-chip configuration.

20. A method for controlling a group of superconducting qubits, characterized in that, include: Provides a parameter-driven tunable coupler coupled to each superconducting qubit in the group of superconducting qubits comprising three or more superconducting qubits, a flux pump coupled to the parameter-driven tunable coupler, a first control line coupled to the flux pump, and a second control line coupled to the flux pump; One or more first frequency signals are transmitted on the first control line and one or more second frequency signals are transmitted on the second control line; as well as When the one or more first frequency signals and the one or more second frequency signals meet the specified conditions, the parameter-driven tunable coupler is used to generate the parameter single superconducting quantum bit drive of a single superconducting quantum bit in the group of superconducting quantum bits or the parameter resonant interaction between a single pair of superconducting quantum bits in the group of superconducting quantum bits.

21. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, It further includes a readout resonator that is respectively coupled to each superconducting quantum bit in the group of superconducting quantum bits.

22. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, Each superconducting quantum bit in the group of superconducting quantum bits is configured to respond to a specified frequency from the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

23. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The group of superconducting qubits is arranged around the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

24. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The parameter-driven tunable coupler includes a superconducting quantum interface device.

25. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The first control line and the second control line intersect at the flux control port of the parameter-driven tunable coupler.

26. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that: The specified conditions include the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals and the one or more second frequency signals corresponding to the single pair of superconducting qubits; and The specified conditions include the sum or difference of the one or more first frequency signals, the one or more second frequency signals, and the dipole driving signal corresponding to the single superconducting quantum bit.

27. The method as described in claim 20, characterized in that, The single pair of superconducting qubits includes three or more superconducting qubits from the group. A pairwise combination, where Q is the number of superconducting qubits in the three or more superconducting qubits of the group.

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