Tip head, assembling method thereof and endoscope

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical endoscope imaging devices, and discloses a tip and an assembling method thereof, and an endoscope, the tip comprises: a support member provided with a through accommodating hole, one end of the support member along the extension direction of the accommodating hole being provided with a front end face; the imaging structure is positioned in the accommodating hole; the imaging structure comprises a mounting base, an image sensor and a lens group, the mounting base is connected to the supporting piece, and a mounting hole penetrates through the mounting base in the optical axis direction of the lens group; the lens group is at least partially accommodated in the mounting hole; in the optical axis direction, the front end face is located on the side, close to the lens set, of the image sensor. The secondary optical light guide element is connected to the supporting piece and located in the supporting piece; the two ends of the secondary optical light guide element in the optical axis direction are provided with a first face and a light-emitting face respectively, and the light-emitting face is located on the front end face. The light source faces the first face. The technical problem that the size of the front end of the tip head is large in the prior art can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical endoscope imaging devices, and particularly relates to a tip head, an assembly method thereof and an endoscope. BACKGROUND

[0002] The light source of the tip head is usually installed at the front end of the tip head, and the circuit board is also arranged at the front end of the tip head. The circuit board has a large volume, and needs to be arranged at a distance from the accommodating hole on the tip head, resulting in a large volume of the front end of the tip head. SUMMARY

[0003] The tip head and the assembly method thereof and the endoscope provided by the embodiments of the present application aim to solve the technical problem of a large volume of the front end of the tip head in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a tip head, comprising: a support member, an accommodating hole is arranged through the support member, and the support member has a front end face at one end along the extending direction of the accommodating hole; an imaging structure is located in the accommodating hole; the imaging structure comprises a mounting base, an image sensor and a lens group, the mounting base is connected to the support member, and the mounting base is provided with a mounting hole in the direction of the optical axis of the lens group; the lens group is at least partially accommodated in the mounting hole, and the lens group comprises at least one optical lens, and the at least one optical lens and the mounting base are in one-piece structure; in the direction of the optical axis, the front end face is located on the side of the image sensor close to the lens group; a secondary optical light guide element is connected to and located in the support member, the secondary optical light guide element extends in the direction of the optical axis, and the secondary optical light guide element is a light-transmitting structure; the secondary optical light guide element has a first face and an out-coupling face at two ends in the direction of the optical axis, and the out-coupling face is located on the front end face; a light source is arranged on one side of the secondary optical light guide element in the direction of the optical axis, and the light source faces the first face, so that the light emitted by the light source can enter the secondary optical light guide element from the first face, and the light can be emitted out of the secondary optical light guide element from the out-coupling face; a circuit board is connected to the support member, and the circuit board is located on the side of the image sensor away from the lens group in the direction of the optical axis, and the light source and the image sensor are both connected to one end of the circuit board close to the image sensor in the direction of the optical axis.

[0005] In some embodiments, a reflective microstructure is arranged on the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element extending in the direction of the optical axis; and / or, the tip head further comprises a reflective layer connected to the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element extending in the direction of the optical axis.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first face is one of a plane, a curved face convex to the light source, a curved face concave to the out-coupling face, a diffractive optical face and a superplane; and the out-coupling face is one of a plane, a curved face convex to the side away from the first face, a curved face concave to the first face, a diffractive optical face and a superplane.

[0007] In some embodiments, when the tip includes a reflective layer, the reflective layer includes one of an electroplated layer, a physical vapor deposition layer, a chemical vapor deposition layer, and a reflective film layer; or, the reflective layer includes at least two of the electroplated layer, physical vapor deposition layer, chemical vapor deposition layer, and reflective film layer stacked together.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the tip includes a reflective microstructure, the reflective microstructure includes at least one of a serrated microstructure, a pyramidal microstructure, and a hemispherical microstructure.

[0009] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the circuit board falls within the receiving hole on a projection plane perpendicular to the optical axis.

[0010] In some embodiments, the secondary optical light guide element includes a first light guide segment and a second light guide segment spaced apart along the optical axis. The first light guide segment has a second surface at one end near the second light guide segment along the optical axis and a first surface at the other end. The second light guide segment has a third surface at one end near the first light guide segment along the optical axis and a light-emitting surface at the other end.

[0011] In some embodiments, a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer are provided on the outer wall of the first light guide segment extending along the optical axis; and / or, a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer are provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment extending along the optical axis.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first surface, the light-emitting surface, the second surface, and the third surface are all one of a plane, a curved surface, a diffractive optical surface, and a hyperplane.

[0013] In some embodiments, the mounting base and the first light guide segment are integrally formed, the mounting base is a light-shielding structural component, and the first light guide segment is located within the receiving hole; the second light guide segment and the support are integrally formed, and the support is a light-shielding structural component.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tip further includes a reflector cup located between the light source and the secondary optical guide element along the optical axis; the reflector cup has a reflector hole that extends through the light source along the optical axis, with the light source facing the reflector hole; along the optical axis from the light source to the secondary optical guide element, at least a portion of the aperture of the reflector hole gradually increases in size; the hole wall of the reflector hole is used to reflect the light emitted by the light source to the first surface.

[0015] In some embodiments, the reflector cup and the mounting base are integrally formed, with the reflector cup located within the receiving hole; the secondary optical light guide element and the support are integrally formed.

[0016] In some embodiments, the secondary optical light guide element and the mounting base are integrally formed, the mounting base is a light-shielding structural component, and the secondary optical light guide element is located in the receiving hole.

[0017] In some embodiments, the lens group further includes a first support aperture and a second support aperture; at least one optical lens includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens being connected to the first support aperture; the second lens being connected to the second support aperture; and the second lens and the first lens being sequentially arranged on one side of the image sensor in the optical axis direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second support aperture and the second lens are integrally formed; and / or, the first support aperture and the first lens are integrally formed.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first lens, the first support aperture, the secondary optical guide element, and the support are integrally formed; the second lens, the second support aperture, and the mounting base are located inside the first support aperture, the secondary optical guide element is located outside the first support aperture, and the first support aperture is a light-shielding structure.

[0020] In some embodiments, both surfaces of the first lens are curved surfaces convex to the object side of the lens group, and the first lens is used to diverge light rays; the second lens is a biconvex lens.

[0021] In some embodiments, the secondary optical light guide element and the support are integrally formed, and the support is a light-shielding structural component.

[0022] In some embodiments, the lens group further includes an infrared filter connected to the mounting base.

[0023] In some embodiments, the imaging structure further includes a first protective glass connected to the mounting base, the first protective glass being located on the side of the lens group away from the image sensor along the optical axis.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element perpendicular to the optical axis is one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon; or, the secondary optical light guide element includes at least two sub-light guide segments arranged sequentially along the optical axis, and the cross-sections of the at least two sub-light guide segments perpendicular to the optical axis are two of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon; or, in the optical axis direction, the cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element perpendicular to the optical axis gradually changes from one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon to another.

[0025] In some embodiments, the light source is one of a red light source, a green light source, an infrared light source, or a composite light source; the light source includes at least one of a light-emitting diode and a laser light source.

[0026] In some embodiments, an operation hole is provided through the support member, and the operation hole is located on one side of the imaging structure along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

[0027] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the support extending along the optical axis includes at least one of a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, an elliptical cylindrical surface, and a plane.

[0028] The second aspect of this application also provides a tip assembly method, using the tip of any of the first aspect embodiments, the tip further including a connecting housing; the tip assembly method includes: connecting the imaging structure, secondary optical light guide element, light source and circuit board to the housing to form an intermediate structure; connecting the intermediate structure to a support member and placing the intermediate structure within a receiving hole.

[0029] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application also provides an endoscope including the tip of any of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0030] The beneficial effects provided by this application are as follows: the front end face is located at the end of the support member near the object side of the lens group, that is, the side of the front end face away from the support member along the optical axis is the object side of the lens group, and the front end face faces the object side of the lens group. The light-emitting surface of the secondary optical light guide element is located on the front end face; moreover, the light source is disposed on one side of the secondary optical light guide element along the optical axis, and the light source faces the first surface. That is to say, in the optical axis direction, the light source, the first surface, and the light-emitting surface are arranged along the direction from the image side of the lens group to the object side of the lens group. The light emitted by the light source can enter the secondary optical light guide element from the first surface, and can pass through the secondary optical light guide element and be emitted from the light-emitting surface to the object side of the lens group. The light emitted from the light-emitting surface can illuminate the space on the object side of the lens group.

[0031] The lens group of the imaging structure receives light from the object side and refracts it onto the image sensor, thereby acquiring an image. Compared to embedding the circuit board into the front end of the tip, this embodiment places the circuit board on the side of the image sensor away from the lens group. The circuit board can be installed using the space of the receiving hole, and the circuit board does not affect the lens group's reception of light from the object side. The front end of the tip does not need a recess to accommodate the circuit board, reducing its volume. Since the optical axis of the imaging structure is parallel to the extension direction of the receiving hole, light rays located on the object side of the lens group outside the support can stably reach the imaging structure through the receiving hole, enabling the imaging structure to acquire a clear image. This embodiment solves the technical problem of a large front end volume. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the tip structure provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA of the tip; Figure 3 Side view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 4 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the imaging structure, the connection structure between the light source and the circuit board provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 5 ; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; Figure 13 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 14 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 4 ; Figure 15 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 5 ; Figure 16 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 6 ; Figure 17 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 7; Figure 18 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 8 ; Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 6 ; Figure 20 for Figure 19 Enlarged view of part B in the middle; Figure 21 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 9 ; Figure 22 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 ; Figure 23 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 one; Figure 24 Schematic diagram of the tip structure provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 25 for Figure 24 Sectional view of the tip along direction AA; Figure 26 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the second light guide segment provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 27 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the second light guide segment provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram showing the exploded view of the internal structure of the support member provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 29 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 two; Figure 30 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 three; Figure 31 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 Four; Figure 32 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the second light guide segment provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 33 for Figure 32 Enlarged view of a section in the middle C; Figure 34 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this applicationFigure 10 five; Figure 35 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 six; Figure 36 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 seven; Figure 37 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 eight; Figure 38 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the second light guide segment provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 4 ; Figure 39 for Figure 38 Enlarged view of a section in part D; Figure 40 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 10 Nine; Figure 41 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ten; Figure 42 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 2 eleven; Figure 43 Cross-sectional view of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 2 twelve; Figure 44 Schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 45 Schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 46 Schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 47 Schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 4 ; Figure 48 Schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 5 ; Figure 49 This is a schematic diagram of the imaging structure provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 50 Table 1 shows the parameters of the imaging structures provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 51Modulation transfer function curves of imaging structures provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 52 Field curvature of imaging structures provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 53 for Figure 52 A graph showing the correspondence between the color of the curve and the wavelength of light. Figure 54 Distortion of imaging structures provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 55 for Figure 54 A graph showing the correspondence between the color of the curve and the wavelength of light. Figure 56 Schematic diagram of the shape of the light spot on the image plane of the imaging structure provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 57 for Figure 56 A diagram showing the correspondence between the color of the light spot and the wavelength of the light. Figure 58 Table 2 shows the parameters of the imaging structures provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 59 Modulation transfer function curves of imaging structures provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 60 Field curvature of imaging structures provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 61 for Figure 60 A graph showing the correspondence between the color of the curve and the wavelength of light. Figure 62 Distortion of imaging structures provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 63 for Figure 62 A graph showing the correspondence between the color of the curve and the wavelength of light. Figure 64 Schematic diagram of the shape of the light spot on the image plane of the imaging structure provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 65 for Figure 64 A diagram showing the correspondence between the color of the light spot and the wavelength of the light. Figure 66 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 7 ; Figure 67 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this applicationFigure 8 ; Figure 68 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 9 ; Figure 69 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 10 ; Figure 70 Schematic diagram of the connection between the support member and the secondary optical guide element provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 10 one; Figure 71 Schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the tip provided for some embodiments of this application Figure 6 .

[0034] The following are the labeling elements in the figure: 100. First end; 10. Support component; 11. Receiving hole; 12. Operating hole; 13. Front end face; 20. Secondary optical light guide element; 21. Second light guide section; 211. Light emitting surface; 212. Third surface; 22. First light guide section; 221. First surface; 222. Second surface; 30. Light source; 40. Imaging structure; 41. Mounting base; 411. Mounting hole; 42. Lens group; 421. First support aperture; 422. Second support aperture; 423. First lens; 4231. First light-transmitting surface; 4232. Second light-transmitting surface; 424. Second lens; 4241. Third light-transmitting surface; 4242. Fourth light-transmitting surface; 425. Infrared filter; 43. Image sensor; 44. First protective glass; 45. Optical axis; 46. Second protective glass; 461. Fifth light-transmitting surface; 462. Sixth light-transmitting surface; 47. Object plane; 48. Image plane; 50. Reflector cup; 51. Reflector aperture; 60. Circuit board; 70. Connect the housing. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0037] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a tip capable of imaging in a narrow space within the human body, the tip being usable in a medical endoscope.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , Figure 25 The tip 100 of this application embodiment includes a support member 10, an imaging structure 40, a secondary optical light guide element 20, a light source 30, and a circuit board 60. The support member 10 is provided with a receiving hole 11, and one end of the support member 10 extending along the receiving hole 11 has a front end face 13. The imaging structure 40 is located within the receiving hole 11; the imaging structure 40 includes a mounting base 41, an image sensor 43, and a lens group 42. The mounting base 41 is connected to the support member 10, and the mounting base 41 is provided with a mounting hole 411 extending along the optical axis 45 direction Z of the lens group 42; the lens group 42 is at least partially received within the mounting hole 411, and the lens group 42 includes at least one optical lens, which is integrally formed with the mounting base 41; in the optical axis 45 direction Z, the front end face 13 is located on the side of the image sensor 43 near the lens group 42.

[0041] The secondary optical light guide element 20 is connected to and located within the support member 10. The secondary optical light guide element 20 extends along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction and is a light-transmitting structural component. The two ends of the secondary optical light guide element 20 along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction have a first surface 221 and a light-emitting surface 211, respectively, with the light-emitting surface 211 located on the front end surface 13. A light source 30 is positioned on one side of the secondary optical light guide element 20 along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, facing the first surface 221, so that the light emitted by the light source 30 can enter the secondary optical light guide element 20 from the first surface 221 and exit the secondary optical light guide element 20 from the light-emitting surface 211.

[0042] The circuit board 60 is connected to the support 10. The circuit board 60 is located on the side of the image sensor 43 away from the lens group 42 along the optical axis 45 direction Z. The light source 30 and the image sensor 43 are both connected to the end of the circuit board 60 close to the image sensor 43 along the optical axis 45 direction Z.

[0043] The support member 10 can support the imaging structure 40, the secondary optical light guide element 20, and the light source 30.

[0044] The receiving hole 11 refers to the hole on the support member 10 used to accommodate the imaging structure 40. Optionally, the receiving hole 11 can be a square hole, a round hole, an elliptical hole, or a hole of other shapes. Optionally, when the receiving hole 11 is provided on the support member 10, the support member 10 is a cylindrical or near-cylindrical structure. Optionally, the outer surface of the support member 10 extending along the Z direction of the optical axis 45 can be a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, etc.

[0045] The imaging structure 40 is used to capture images. The imaging structure 40 is located in the receiving hole 11 and connected to the support member 10, so the support member 10 can protect the imaging structure 40.

[0046] Mounting base 41 can support lens group 42 and image sensor 43.

[0047] The lens group 42 can receive light from its object side and refract the light to the image sensor 43. The image sensor 43 can convert the received light signal into an electrical signal and then transmit image information through the electrical signal.

[0048] The mounting base 41 protects the lens assembly 42 within the mounting hole 411. Optionally, the lens assembly 42 may be entirely contained within the mounting hole 411. Alternatively, the lens assembly 42 may be partially located within the mounting hole 411.

[0049] Optionally, the lens group 42 may include at least one optical lens, and the optical lens and the mounting base 41 are integrally formed.

[0050] Optionally, the lens group 42 may also include two or more optical lenses, wherein one or more optical lenses are integrally formed with the mounting base 41.

[0051] Optionally, the one-piece molded structure can be achieved using a two-color plastic molding process. The mounting base 41 and the secondary optical light guide element 20 can be made of different materials, and the support 10 and the secondary optical light guide element 20 can also be made of different materials. This allows the mounting base 41 and the support 10 to be made of light-shielding materials, preventing light leakage from the secondary optical light guide element 20. Alternatively, the one-piece molded structure can also be achieved using insert molding processes or other methods.

[0052] The optical axis 45 is an axis passing through the center of one or more optical lenses in the lens group. The direction Z of the optical axis 45 is parallel to the extension direction of the receiving aperture 11, so that the light reflected from the object on the object side of the lens group 42 can be incident on the lens group 42 from the receiving aperture 11, so that the imaging structure 40 can stably acquire an image.

[0053] The spaces on both sides of the support member 10 along the optical axis 45 Z are located on the object side and image side of the lens group 42, respectively. That is, along the optical axis 45 Z, the two ends of the support member 10 correspond to the object side and image side of the lens group 42, respectively. Along the optical axis 45 Z, the front end face 13 is located on the side of the image sensor 43 closest to the lens group 42. Specifically, the side of the front end face 13 furthest from the image sensor 43 along the optical axis 45 Z is the object side of the lens group 42, and the front end face 13 faces the object side of the lens group 42. In use, the object to be detected is located in front of the front end face 13.

[0054] The secondary optical light guide element 20 is a light-transmitting structural component extending along the optical axis 45 direction Z. The two ends of the secondary optical light guide element 20 along the optical axis 45 direction Z have a first surface 221 and a light-emitting surface 211, respectively. The light-emitting surface 211 is located on the front end surface 13. Moreover, the light source 30 is disposed on one side of the secondary optical light guide element 20 along the optical axis 45 direction Z. That is, in the optical axis 45 direction Z, the light source 30, the first surface 221 and the light-emitting surface 211 are arranged along the direction from the image side of the lens group 42 to the object side of the lens group 42, and the light-emitting surface 211 faces the object side of the lens group 42. The light source 30 faces the first surface 221. The light emitted by the light source 30 can enter the secondary optical light guide element 20 from the first surface 221 and pass through the secondary optical light guide element 20 to be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 to the object side of the lens group 42. The light emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 can illuminate the space on the object side of the lens group 42. After the object on the object side of the lens group 42 reflects the light into the imaging structure 40, the imaging structure 40 can acquire the image of the object.

[0055] Optionally, the secondary optical light guide element 20 can be a light-transmitting glass column, a light-transmitting glass block, a light-transmitting plastic column, etc., with high light transmittance.

[0056] One or more secondary optical light guide elements 20 can be provided, and one or more light sources 30 correspond to one secondary optical light guide element 20.

[0057] The circuit board 60 is located on the side of the image sensor 43 away from the lens group 42 along the optical axis 45 (Z direction). Therefore, the circuit board 60 does not affect the light received by the lens group 42 on the object side. The light source 30 and the image sensor 43 are both connected to the end of the circuit board 60 closest to the image sensor 43 along the optical axis 45 (Z direction), meaning the light source 30 and the image sensor 43 are connected to the same outer surface of the circuit board 60. The light source 30 is located between the circuit board 60 and the secondary optical light guide element 20. In use, the circuit board 60 is located behind the light source 30 and the image sensor 43.

[0058] By placing the light source 30 behind the image sensor 43, the space of the receiving hole 11 can be used to install the circuit board 60. The circuit board 60 does not affect the light received by the lens group 42 on the object side. The front end of the tip 100 does not need to have a groove to accommodate the circuit board 60, which can reduce the volume of the front end of the tip 100.

[0059] Optionally, the circuit board 60 can be used to support the light source 30 and the image sensor 43. Optionally, the circuit board 60 can also be electrically connected to the light source 30 and the image sensor 43 to supply power to them.

[0060] For example, taking the tip 100 applied to an oral endoscope as an example, when in use, the tip 100 is inserted into the esophagus from the mouth. The light source 30 emits light, which passes through the secondary optical light guide element 20 from the first surface 221 and exits from the light-emitting surface 211 to the object side of the lens group 42. After the light shines on the inner wall of the esophagus at the front end of the tip 100, the light reflected from the inner wall of the esophagus enters the imaging structure 40 through the receiving hole 11. The imaging structure 40 acquires an image of the inner wall of the esophagus, thereby examining the inner wall of the esophagus.

[0061] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: the front end face 13 is located at the end of the support member 10 near the object side of the lens group 42, that is, the side of the front end face 13 away from the support member 10 along the optical axis 45 direction Z is the object side of the lens group 42, and the front end face 13 faces the object side of the lens group 42. The light-emitting surface 211 of the secondary optical light guide element 20 is located on the front end face 13, and the light source 30 is disposed on one side of the secondary optical light guide element 20 along the optical axis 45 direction Z, and the light source 30 faces the first surface 221. That is, in the optical axis 45 direction Z, the light source 30, the first surface 221, and the light-emitting surface 211 are arranged along the direction from the image side of the lens group 42 to the object side of the lens group 42. The light emitted by the light source 30 can enter the secondary optical light guide element 20 from the first surface 221, and can pass through the secondary optical light guide element 20 and be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 to the object side of the lens group 42. The light emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 can illuminate the space on the object side of the lens group 42.

[0062] The lens group 42 of the imaging structure 40 can receive light from its object side and refract the light onto the image sensor 43 to acquire an image. Compared with embedding the circuit board 60 into the front end of the tip 100, this embodiment places the circuit board 60 on the side of the image sensor 43 away from the lens group 42. The circuit board 60 can be installed using the space of the receiving hole 11, and the circuit board 60 does not affect the lens group 42's reception of light from the object side. The front end of the tip 100 does not need to have a groove to accommodate the circuit board 60, which can reduce the volume of the front end of the tip 100. The optical axis 45 of the imaging structure 40 is parallel to the extending direction of the receiving hole 11, so the light located on the object side of the lens group 42 outside the support member 10 can be stably projected onto the imaging structure 40 through the receiving hole 11, and the imaging structure 40 can acquire a clear image.

[0063] The embodiments of this application can solve the technical problem of the large front-end volume of the tip 100.

[0064] In some embodiments, the imaging structure 40 is fixed to the support member 10 by embedding or snapping.

[0065] In some embodiments, a reflective microstructure is provided on the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0066] The outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction is the annular wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20. A portion of the light emitted by the light source 30 forms an angle with the length direction of the secondary optical light guide element 20. This portion of the light will be incident from the first surface 221 onto the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, and cannot directly pass through the secondary optical light guide element 20 and exit from the light-emitting surface 211.

[0067] The reflective microstructure on the secondary optical light guide element 20 is an integral structure with the secondary optical light guide element 20. The reflective microstructure is a plurality of tiny reflective structures set on the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. When light is incident on the reflective microstructure on the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the reflective microstructure can reflect the light in a direction closer to the first surface 221. After one or more reflections, the light can be emitted from the light emitting surface 211 to the object side of the lens group 42, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0068] In a tip 100 where the light source 30 is directly positioned at the front end of the tip 100, the light emitted by the light source 30 may be too concentrated, causing the reflected light received by the imaging structure 40 to exceed the preset range, resulting in unclear imaging. Setting up a reflective microstructure can reflect the light emitted by the light source 30 in multiple directions, making the light distribution emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 more uniform, preventing overexposure, and enabling the imaging structure 40 to form a clear image.

[0069] In some embodiments, the reflective microstructure can be formed by at least one of molding, laser engraving, and etching.

[0070] In some embodiments, the tip 100 further includes a reflective layer, which is attached to the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0071] The reflective layer is an annular layer extending along the optical axis in the Z direction at 45°. Optionally, the reflective layer can be applied to the secondary optical guide element 20 by coating or film deposition, which has high production efficiency and can accurately control the thickness of the reflective layer.

[0072] When light strikes the reflective layer on the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the reflective layer can reflect the light towards the first surface 221. After one or more reflections, the light can be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 to the object side of the lens group 42, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0073] Setting up a reflective layer can reflect the light emitted by the light source 30 in multiple directions, making the light emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 more evenly distributed, preventing overexposure, and enabling the imaging structure 40 to form a clear image.

[0074] In some embodiments, a reflective microstructure is provided on the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. The tip 100 also includes a reflective layer, which is connected to the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. That is, the reflective layer is located outside the reflective microstructure. Both the reflective layer and the reflective microstructure can reflect light, which can improve the reflectivity of light, reduce the transmittance of light, and further improve the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0075] When a reflective microstructure or reflective layer is provided on the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element 20 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the surface shapes of the first surface 221 and the light-emitting surface 211 can be configured in various combinations. The reflective microstructure or reflective layer can reflect the light emitted by the light source 30 to the object side of the lens group 42.

[0076] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figures 9 to 23 The first surface 221 is one of the following: a plane, a curved surface convex to the light source 30, a curved surface concave to the light-emitting surface 211, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane; the light-emitting surface 211 is one of the following: a plane, a curved surface convex to the side opposite to the first surface 221, a curved surface concave to the first surface 221, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane.

[0077] A plane can be perpendicular to the optical axis in the 45° direction Z, or it can form an angle with the optical axis in the 45° direction Z other than 90°. Curved surfaces include regular curved surfaces such as spheres, ellipsoids, paraboloids of revolution, and higher-order surfaces of revolution, as well as aspherical surfaces and irregular curved surfaces.

[0078] The light-emitting surface 211 is arranged to protrude from the side opposite to the first surface 221, that is, the light-emitting surface 211 is arranged to protrude from the side opposite to the first surface 221 along the optical axis 45 direction Z.

[0079] Diffractive optical surfaces include Fresnel surfaces, binary optical surfaces, and holographic optical surfaces. Fresnel surfaces have Fresnel fringes, including Fresnel freeform surfaces and Fresnel ruled surfaces. Fresnel freeform surfaces have multiple arc-shaped tooth structures, while Fresnel ruled surfaces have multiple straight tooth structures.

[0080] For example, please refer to Figure 2 The first surface 221 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be an aspherical surface concave to the first surface 221.

[0081] For example, please refer to Figure 9 The first surface 221 can be an aspherical surface concave to the light-emitting surface 211, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be an aspherical surface concave to the first surface 221.

[0082] For example, please refer to Figure 10The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be an aspherical surface concave to the first surface 221.

[0083] For example, please refer to Figures 11 to 13 The first surface 221 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel freeform surface.

[0084] For example, please refer to Figure 14 The first surface 221 can be an aspherical surface with a concave light-emitting surface 211, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel freeform surface.

[0085] For example, please refer to Figure 15 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel freeform surface.

[0086] For example, please refer to Figure 16 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a plane.

[0087] For example, please refer to Figure 17 The first surface 221 can be an aspherical surface concave to the light-emitting surface 211, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a plane.

[0088] For example, please refer to Figure 18 The first surface 221 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a plane.

[0089] For example, please refer to Figures 19 to 21 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel ruled surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel ruled surface.

[0090] For example, please refer to Figure 22 The first surface 221 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel ruled surface.

[0091] For example, please refer to Figure 23 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel ruled surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a plane.

[0092] In some embodiments, when the tip 100 includes a reflective layer, the reflective layer includes one of an electroplated layer, a physical vapor deposition layer, a chemical vapor deposition layer, and a reflective film layer.

[0093] Optional electroplating layers include silver plating, aluminum plating, etc., and the production speed is fast.

[0094] Optionally, physical vapor deposition layers include magnetron sputtered chromium layers, evaporated nickel layers, etc., which have high reflectivity.

[0095] Optionally, the chemical vapor deposition layer includes a dielectric high-reflectivity film, a metal reflective layer, etc., with uniform thickness and able to be firmly bonded to the secondary optical light guide element 20.

[0096] Optional reflective film layers include metal reflective film, glass microsphere reflective film, etc., which have relatively simple processes.

[0097] In some embodiments, the reflective layer includes at least two of the following: an electroplated layer, a physical vapor deposition layer, a chemical vapor deposition layer, and a reflective film layer, stacked together.

[0098] Optionally, the reflective layer can be one of two types of layers stacked together: an electroplated layer, a physical vapor deposition layer, a chemical vapor deposition layer, or a reflective film layer.

[0099] Optionally, the reflective layer can be three or four of the following: electroplated layer, physical vapor deposition layer, chemical vapor deposition layer, and reflective film layer stacked together.

[0100] The electroplating layer, physical vapor deposition layer, chemical vapor deposition layer, and reflective film layer have different reflectivities for different types of light. The multiple layers in the electroplating layer, physical vapor deposition layer, chemical vapor deposition layer, and reflective film layer can improve the overall reflectivity of light, reduce the transmittance of light, and further improve the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0101] For example, the reflective layer includes an electroplated layer and a physical vapor deposition layer, wherein the physical vapor deposition layer is disposed on the side of the electroplated layer away from the secondary optical guide element 20 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis 45 direction Z.

[0102] In some embodiments, when the tip 100 includes a reflective microstructure, the reflective microstructure includes at least one of a serrated microstructure, a pyramidal microstructure, and a hemispherical microstructure.

[0103] The reflective microstructures can be set to different shapes according to the preset direction of light reflection.

[0104] Optionally, the reflective microstructure may include multiple serrated microstructures.

[0105] Optionally, the reflective microstructure may also include multiple serrated microstructures, multiple pyramidal microstructures, or multiple hemispherical microstructures.

[0106] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 15The first surface 221 is one of a curved surface convex to the light source 30, a Fresnel surface, or a hyperplane. The first surface 221 is used to refract the light emitted from the light source 30 into a converging beam or a collimated beam. The light-emitting surface 211 is one of a curved surface concave to the first surface 221, a curved surface convex to the side opposite to the first surface 221, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane. The light-emitting surface 211 is used to refract the light refracted by the first surface 221 into a diverging beam.

[0107] The first surface 221 is one of the following: a curved surface, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane convex to the light source 30. It can converge the divergent light beam emitted by the light source 30 and collimate the light.

[0108] The first surface 221 can focus the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0109] Optionally, the first surface 221 is used to refract the light emitted by the light source 30 into a converging beam, so that the light after passing through the first surface 221 is gradually concentrated and can be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 to the object side of the lens group 42, thereby improving the utilization rate of light.

[0110] Optionally, the first surface 221 is used to refract the light emitted by the light source 30 into a collimated beam, that is, to refract the light emitted by the light source 30 that intersects the optical axis 45 in the Z direction into light parallel to the optical axis 45, so that the light passing through the first surface 221 can be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 to the object side of the lens group 42, thereby improving the utilization rate of light.

[0111] The light rays collimated by the first surface 221 are too concentrated. The light-emitting surface 211 is used to refract the light rays collimated by the first surface 221 into a divergent beam, which can make the light rays evenly distributed and enable the imaging structure 40 to obtain a clear image.

[0112] Optionally, when the light-emitting surface 211 is a curved surface concave to the first surface 221, the light-emitting surface 211 can diffuse light, and the light-emitting surface 211 can refract the light collimated by the first surface 221 into a divergent beam.

[0113] Optionally, if the light-emitting surface 211 is a curved surface that protrudes to the side opposite to the first surface 221, the light-emitting surface 211 can converge light. The light rays collimated by the first surface 221 converge to a point after passing through the light-emitting surface 211, and then form a diverging beam.

[0114] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 On the projection plane perpendicular to the optical axis 45, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the circuit board 60 falls within the receiving hole 11.

[0115] The object side of the lens group 42 is projected onto a plane perpendicular to the optical axis 45. At least a portion of the orthographic projection of the circuit board 60 falls within the receiving hole 11. That is, in one or more directions perpendicular to the optical axis 45, the circuit board 60 coincides with at least a portion of the receiving hole 11, making the structure of the tip 100 more compact. It can be understood that at least a portion of the aforementioned projection plane perpendicular to the optical axis 45 is located within the receiving hole 11.

[0116] For the tip 100 where the circuit board 60 is located at the front end of the tip 100, in order to avoid the circuit board 60 blocking the receiving hole 11, the circuit board 60 and the receiving hole 11 are spaced apart. In a direction perpendicular to the optical axis 45, with a fixed size of the tip 100, the size of the receiving hole 11 is smaller. In the embodiments of this application, the circuit board 60 can coincide with the receiving hole 11, and the receiving hole 11 can be provided with a larger diameter.

[0117] Optionally, on the projection surface perpendicular to the optical axis 45, a portion of the orthographic projection of the circuit board 60 may fall within the receiving hole 11.

[0118] Optionally, on the projection surface perpendicular to the optical axis 45, the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the circuit board 60 falling into the receiving hole 11 can also be equal to the area of ​​the cross-section of the receiving hole 11; the cross-section of the receiving hole 11 is perpendicular to the optical axis 45.

[0119] For example, the circuit board 60 can be disposed within the receiving hole 11. In any direction perpendicular to the optical axis 45, the size of the circuit board 60 is smaller than the size of the receiving hole 11. On the projection plane perpendicular to the optical axis 45, the orthographic projection of the circuit board 60 coincides with the orthographic projection of a portion of the receiving hole 11.

[0120] For example, the circuit board 60 can also be set on one side of the receiving hole 11 along the optical axis 45 direction Z. In any direction perpendicular to the optical axis 45, the size of the circuit board 60 is larger than the size of the receiving hole 11. On the projection plane perpendicular to the optical axis 45, the orthographic projection of the receiving hole 11 is located within the orthographic projection of the circuit board 60.

[0121] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 24 to 28 The secondary optical light guide element 20 includes a first light guide segment 22 and a second light guide segment 21 spaced apart along the optical axis 45 direction Z. The first light guide segment 22 has a second surface 222 at one end near the second light guide segment 21 along the optical axis 45 direction Z, and a first surface 221 at the other end. The second light guide segment 21 has a third surface 212 at one end near the first light guide segment 22 along the optical axis 45 direction Z, and a light-emitting surface 211 at the other end.

[0122] The first surface 221 is located on the first light guide segment 22, and the light-emitting surface 211 is located on the second light guide segment 21. That is, the first light guide segment 22 is located between the light source 30 and the second light guide segment 21.

[0123] The first light guide segment 22 has a second surface 222 at one end of the first light guide segment 21 along the optical axis 45 direction Z, and the second light guide segment 21 has a third surface 212 at one end of the second light guide segment 22 along the optical axis 45 direction Z, that is, the second surface 222 and the third surface 212 are located between the first surface 221 and the light-emitting surface 211.

[0124] In use, the light emitted by the light source 30 passes through the first light guide section 22 from the first surface 221, then exits from the second surface 222 to the third surface 212, and then passes through the second light guide section 21 from the third surface 212 before exiting from the light emitting surface 211. The surface shapes of the first surface 221, the light emitting surface 211, the second surface 222, and the third surface 212 all affect the direction of light transmission. By adjusting the surface shapes of the first surface 221, the light emitting surface 211, the second surface 222, and the third surface 212, the direction of light transmission can be easily controlled.

[0125] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 25 , Figure 34 , Figure 35 The first surface 221 is one of a curved surface, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane convex to the light source 30. The first surface 221 is used to refract the light emitted by the light source 30 into a converging beam or a collimated beam. The second surface 222 and the third surface 212 are both planes perpendicular to the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. The light-emitting surface 211 is one of a curved surface concave to the first surface, a curved surface protruding to the side away from the first surface, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane. The light-emitting surface 211 is used to refract the light refracted by the first surface 221 into a diverging beam.

[0126] The first surface 221 can focus the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0127] Optionally, the first surface 221 can be used to refract light emitted from the light source 30 into a converging beam.

[0128] Optionally, the first surface 221 can also be used to refract the light emitted by the light source 30 into a collimated beam, that is, to refract the light emitted by the light source 30 that intersects the optical axis 45 in the Z direction into light parallel to the optical axis 45.

[0129] Both the second surface 222 and the third surface 212 are planes perpendicular to the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. Therefore, the second surface 222 and the third surface 212 have virtually no impact on the propagation direction of the light. The light rays collimated by the first surface 221 can stably reach the light-emitting surface 211 along the optical axis 45 after passing through the second surface 222 and the third surface 212, resulting in high light utilization. The light-emitting surface 211 is used to refract the light rays collimated by the first surface 221 into a diverging beam, which enables the light to be evenly distributed, allowing the imaging structure 40 to acquire a clear image.

[0130] The light rays collimated by the first surface 221 are too concentrated, and the second surface 222 and the third surface 212 have little effect on the direction of light propagation. The light-emitting surface 211 is used to refract the light rays collimated by the first surface 221 into a divergent beam, which can make the light rays evenly distributed and enable the imaging structure 40 to obtain a clear image.

[0131] Optionally, when the light-emitting surface 211 is a curved surface concave to the first surface 221, the light-emitting surface 211 can diffuse light, and the light-emitting surface 211 can refract the light collimated by the first surface 221 into a divergent beam.

[0132] Optionally, if the light-emitting surface 211 is a curved surface that protrudes to the side opposite to the first surface 221, the light-emitting surface 211 can converge light. The light rays collimated by the first surface 221 converge to a point after passing through the light-emitting surface 211, and then form a diverging beam.

[0133] In some embodiments, a reflective microstructure and / or reflective layer are provided on the outer wall of the first light guide segment 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0134] The outer wall of the first light guide segment 22, extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, is the annular wall of the first light guide segment 22. The reflective microstructure on the first light guide segment 22 is an integral structure with the first light guide segment 22.

[0135] Optionally, a reflective microstructure can be provided on the outer wall of the first light guide segment 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. When the light emitted by the light source 30 hits the reflective microstructure on the outer wall of the first light guide segment 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the reflective microstructure can reflect the light towards the second surface 222, so that more light can be emitted from the second surface 222 and more light can pass through the second light guide segment 21 and be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0136] Optionally, a reflective layer can also be provided on the outer wall of the first light guide segment 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. When the light emitted by the light source 30 hits the reflective layer on the outer wall of the first light guide segment 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the reflective layer can reflect the light towards the second surface 222, so that more light can be emitted from the second surface 222 and more light can pass through the second light guide segment 21 and be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0137] Optionally, a reflective microstructure and a reflective layer can be provided on the outer wall of the first light guide segment 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. The reflective layer is located outside the reflective microstructure. Both the reflective layer and the reflective microstructure can reflect light, which can improve the reflectivity of light, reduce the transmittance of light, and further improve the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0138] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction is provided with a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer.

[0139] The outer wall of the second light guide segment 21, extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, is the annular wall of the second light guide segment 21. The reflective microstructure on the second light guide segment 21 is an integral structure with the second light guide segment 21.

[0140] Optionally, a reflective microstructure can be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. When light rays from the second surface 222 to the third surface 212 hit the reflective microstructure on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the reflective microstructure can reflect the light rays toward the light-emitting surface 211, so that more light rays can be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0141] Optionally, a reflective layer can also be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide section 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. When the light rays from the second surface 222 to the third surface 212 hit the reflective layer on the outer wall of the second light guide section 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the reflective layer can reflect the light rays toward the light-emitting surface 211, so that more light rays can be emitted from the light-emitting surface 211, thereby improving the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0142] Optionally, a reflective microstructure and a reflective layer can be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. The reflective layer is located outside the reflective microstructure. Both the reflective layer and the reflective microstructure can reflect light, which can improve the reflectivity of light, reduce the transmittance of light, and further improve the utilization rate of the light emitted by the light source 30.

[0143] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the first light guide segment 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction is provided with a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer. The outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction is provided with a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer.

[0144] When reflective microstructures or reflective layers are provided on the outer walls of the second light guide section 21 and the first light guide section 22 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the surface shapes of the first surface 221, the second surface 222, the third surface 212 and the light-emitting surface 211 can be configured in various combinations. The reflective microstructures or reflective layers can reflect the light emitted by the light source 30 to the object side of the lens group 42.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first surface 221, the light-emitting surface 211, the second surface 222, and the third surface 212 are all one of a plane, a curved surface, a diffractive optical surface, and a hyperplane.

[0146] For example, please refer to Figure 25The first surface 221 can be an aspherical surface convex to the light source 30, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be an aspherical surface concave to the third surface 212.

[0147] For example, please refer to Figure 29 The first surface 221 can be an aspherical surface convex to the light source 30, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be an aspherical surface convex to the second surface 222, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a plane.

[0148] For example, please refer to Figure 30 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a plane.

[0149] For example, please refer to Figure 31 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be an aspherical surface concave to the third surface 212.

[0150] For example, please refer to Figures 32 to 34 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel freeform surface, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel freeform surface.

[0151] For example, please refer to Figure 35 The first surface 221 can be an aspherical surface convex to the light source 30, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel freeform surface.

[0152] For example, please refer to Figure 36 The first surface 221 can be a plane, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel freeform surface.

[0153] For example, please refer to Figure 37 The first surface 221 can be a plane, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be an aspherical surface concave to the third surface 212.

[0154] For example, please refer to Figures 38 to 40 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel ruled surface, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel ruled surface.

[0155] For example, please refer to Figure 41The first surface 221 can be a plane, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a plane, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a Fresnel ruled surface.

[0156] For example, please refer to Figure 42 The first surface 221 can be a Fresnel ruled surface, the second surface 222 can be a plane, the third surface 212 can be a Fresnel ruled surface, and the light-emitting surface 211 can be a plane.

[0157] In some embodiments, the first surface 221 is one of a curved surface convex to the light source 30, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane, and the first surface 221 is used to collimate the light emitted by the light source 30; the second surface 222 is one of a curved surface concave to the first surface 221, a curved surface protruding to the side opposite to the first surface 221, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane, and the second surface 222 is used to refract the light collimated by the first surface 221; a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer are provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0158] The first surface 221 refracts the light emitted by the light source 30, which intersects the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, into light parallel to the optical axis 45, allowing the light passing through the first surface 221 to exit from the second surface 222. The second surface 222 refracts the light collimated by the first surface 221, that is, the second surface 222 refracts the light collimated by the first surface 221 into light forming an angle with the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, allowing the light to reach the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction after passing through the third surface 212.

[0159] The reflective microstructure or reflective layer on the outer wall of the second light guide section 21, which extends along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, can reflect light towards the direction close to the first surface 221 and reflect light in multiple directions, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 is more evenly distributed when it is emitted from the light-emitting surface 211.

[0160] Optionally, reflective microstructures can be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis Z direction. Optionally, a reflective layer may also be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0161] Optionally, a reflective microstructure and a reflective layer can be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, with the reflective layer located outside the reflective microstructure.

[0162] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 29 to 34 The first surface 221 is one of the following: a curved surface convex to the light source 30, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane. The first surface 221 is used to refract the light emitted by the light source 30 into a converging beam. The outer wall of the second light guide section 21, which extends along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, is provided with a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer.

[0163] The first surface 221 can refract the light emitted by the light source 30 that intersects with the optical axis 45 direction Z into a gradually converging beam, so that the light passing through the first surface 221 can be emitted from the second surface 222, and the light makes an angle with the optical axis 45 direction Z. After passing through the third surface 212, the light reaches the outer wall of the second light guide section 21 that extends along the optical axis 45 direction Z.

[0164] The reflective microstructure or reflective layer on the outer wall of the second light guide section 21, which extends along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, can reflect light towards the direction close to the first surface 221 and reflect light in multiple directions, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting surface 211 is more evenly distributed when it is emitted from the light-emitting surface 211.

[0165] Optionally, reflective microstructures can be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis Z direction. Optionally, a reflective layer may also be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0166] Optionally, a reflective microstructure and a reflective layer can be provided on the outer wall of the second light guide segment 21 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, with the reflective layer located outside the reflective microstructure.

[0167] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 27 and Figure 28 The mounting base 41 and the first light guide section 22 are integrally formed, the mounting base 41 is a light-shielding structural component, and the first light guide section 22 is located inside the receiving hole 11; the second light guide section 21 and the support member 10 are integrally formed, and the support member 10 is a light-shielding structural component.

[0168] The mounting base 41 can support other components of the imaging structure 40.

[0169] The first light guide segment 22 is a light-transmitting structural component, and the mounting base 41 is a light-shielding structural component. Thus, the mounting base 41 can prevent light from the first light guide segment 22 from entering the mounting hole 411 and affecting the imaging. The first light guide segment 22 and the mounting base 41 can be made of different materials. For example, the first light guide segment 22 and the mounting base 41 can be integrally formed by a two-color plastic molding process.

[0170] If the first light guide segment 22 is located inside the receiving hole 11, then the support member 10 can protect the first light guide segment 22.

[0171] The second light guide segment 21 is a light-transmitting structural component, and the support member 10 is a light-shielding structural component. Thus, the support member 10 can prevent light from the second light guide segment 21 from entering the receiving hole 11 and affecting the imaging. The second light guide segment 21 and the support member 10 can be made of different materials. For example, the second light guide segment 21 and the support member 10 can be integrally formed by a two-color plastic molding process.

[0172] The mounting base 41 and the first light guide segment 22 are integrally formed, thus the position of the first light guide segment 22 relative to the mounting base 41 is fixed. The second light guide segment 21 and the support member 10 are integrally formed, thus the position of the second light guide segment 21 relative to the support member 10 is fixed. After the mounting base 41 and the other components of the imaging structure 40 are assembled, inserting the mounting base 41 into the receiving hole 11 will position the mounting base 41 relative to the support member 10, and also position the first light guide segment 22 relative to the support member 10 and the second light guide segment 21, eliminating the need for further assembly and adjustment of the positions of the first and second light guide segments 22.

[0173] In some embodiments, the circuit board 60 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 41 by screws, snap-fit ​​structures, or adhesive layers.

[0174] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 43 and Figure 44 The tip 100 also includes a reflector cup 50, which is located between the light source 30 and the secondary optical guide element 20 along the optical axis 45 direction Z. The reflector cup 50 has a reflector hole 51 that is disposed through the light source 30 along the optical axis 45 direction Z. The light source 30 is disposed toward the reflector hole 51. Along the direction from the light source 30 to the secondary optical guide element 20 in the optical axis 45 direction Z, at least part of the aperture of the reflector hole 51 gradually increases. The hole wall of the reflector hole 51 is used to reflect the light emitted by the light source 30 to the first surface 221.

[0175] The reflector cup 50 can reflect the light emitted by the light source 30, so that the light emitted by the light source 30 is directed towards the secondary optical light guide element 20.

[0176] The reflector cup 50 has a reflector hole 51 that extends through the optical axis 45 in the Z direction. The light source 30 is positioned facing the reflector hole 51, so the light emitted by the light source 30 can enter the reflector hole 51, and some of the light can pass through the reflector hole 51 into the secondary optical light guide element 20.

[0177] Along the optical axis Z from the light source 30 to the secondary optical guide element 20, the aperture of at least part of the reflection aperture 51 gradually increases, that is, the aperture wall of at least part of the reflection aperture 51 is a conical structure, which can make the reflected light converge.

[0178] Optionally, along the direction from the light source 30 to the secondary optical guide element 20 in the Z direction of the optical axis 45, the aperture of the reflective aperture 51 can remain unchanged at first and then gradually increase.

[0179] Optionally, along the direction from the light source 30 to the secondary optical guide element 20 in the Z direction of the optical axis 45, the aperture of the reflective aperture 51 can also gradually increase, and the reflective aperture 51 is a tapered aperture.

[0180] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 24 , Figure 43 and Figure 44 The reflector cup 50 and the mounting base 41 are integrally formed, and the reflector cup 50 is located inside the receiving hole 11; the secondary optical light guide element 20 and the support 10 are integrally formed.

[0181] If the reflector cup 50 is located within the receiving hole 11, then the support member 10 can protect the reflector cup 50.

[0182] The mounting base 41 and the reflector cup 50 are integrally formed, thus the position of the reflector cup 50 relative to the mounting base 41 is fixed. Similarly, the secondary optical guide element 20 and the support member 10 are integrally formed, thus the position of the secondary optical guide element 20 relative to the support member 10 is fixed. After the mounting base 41 and the other components of the imaging structure 40 are assembled, inserting the mounting base 41 into the receiving hole 11 will position the mounting base 41 relative to the support member 10, and also position the reflector cup 50 relative to the support member 10 and the secondary optical guide element 20, eliminating the need for further assembly and adjustment of the reflector cup 50 and the secondary optical guide element 20.

[0183] In some embodiments, the image sensor 43 is electrically connected to the circuit board 60, and the circuit board 60 is capable of transmitting electrical signals from the image sensor 43.

[0184] In some embodiments, the image sensor 43 is connected to the support member 10 by means of adhesive or snap-fit.

[0185] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 24 and Figure 45 The secondary optical light guide element 20 and the mounting base 41 are integrally formed. The mounting base 41 is a light-shielding structural component. The secondary optical light guide element 20 is located inside the receiving hole 11.

[0186] The mounting base 41 is a light-shielding structure that can prevent light from the secondary optical light guide element 20 from entering the mounting hole 411 and affecting the imaging.

[0187] After the mounting base 41 is assembled with the lens group 42 and the image sensor 43, the imaging structure 40 and the mounting base 41 can be assembled onto the support 10 at the same time, which can improve production efficiency. Moreover, the hole wall of the receiving hole 11 can position the imaging structure 40 and the secondary optical light guide element 20 relative to the support 10.

[0188] If the secondary optical light guide element 20 is located inside the receiving hole 11, then the support member 10 can protect the secondary optical light guide element 20 and make the secondary optical light guide element 20 transmit light stably.

[0189] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 24 andFigure 25 The lens group 42 further includes a first support aperture 421 and a second support aperture 422; at least one optical lens includes a first lens 423 and a second lens 424, the first lens 423 is connected to the first support aperture 421; the second lens 424 is connected to the second support aperture 422; in the optical axis 45 direction Z, the second lens 424 and the first lens 423 are arranged sequentially on one side of the image sensor 43.

[0190] The first support aperture 421 can support the first lens 423, and the first lens 423 can be fixed to the mounting base 41 through the first support aperture 421.

[0191] The second support aperture 422 can support the second lens 424, and the second lens 424 can be fixed to the mounting base 41 through the second support aperture 422.

[0192] Both the first support aperture 421 and the second support aperture 422 are annular components. Optionally, the first support aperture 421 and the second support aperture 422 can be light-shielding structural components, which can block stray light and improve image quality.

[0193] Along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, the second lens 424 and the first lens 423 are sequentially arranged on one side of the image sensor 43, that is, the second lens 424 is located between the first lens 423 and the image sensor 43. During imaging, the light rays from the object side of the lens group 42 pass sequentially through the first lens 423 and the second lens 424 before reaching the image sensor 43.

[0194] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 44 The second support aperture 422 and the second lens 424 are integrally formed structures. The overall production efficiency of the second support aperture 422 and the second lens 424 is high. When assembling the imaging structure 40, there is no need to adjust the relative position of the second support aperture 422 and the second lens 424.

[0195] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 44 The first support aperture 421 and the first lens 423 are integrally formed structures. The overall production efficiency of the first support aperture 421 and the first lens 423 is high. When assembling the imaging structure 40, there is no need to adjust the relative position of the first support aperture 421 and the first lens 423.

[0196] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 44 The second support aperture 422 and the second lens 424 are integrally formed; the first support aperture 421 and the first lens 423 are integrally formed.

[0197] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 46The first lens 423, the first support aperture 421, the secondary optical light guide element 20, and the support member 10 are integrally formed structures; the second lens 424, the second support aperture 422, and the mounting base 41 are located inside the first support aperture 421, the secondary optical light guide element 20 is located outside the first support aperture 421, and the first support aperture 421 is a light-shielding structure.

[0198] The first lens 423, the first support aperture 421, the secondary optical guide element 20, and the support member 10 are integrally formed. Therefore, there is no need to set an assembly gap between the first lens 423, the first support aperture 421, the secondary optical guide element 20, and the support member 10, and the tip 100 can be made more compact.

[0199] If the second lens 424, the second support aperture 422, and the mounting base 41 are located within the first support aperture 421, then the first support aperture 421 can protect the second lens 424, the second support aperture 422, and the mounting base 41.

[0200] The secondary optical light guide element 20 is located outside the first support aperture 421. The first support aperture 421 is a light-shielding structure. The first support aperture 421 separates the second lens 424, the second support aperture 422 and the mounting base 41 from the secondary optical light guide element 20. The first support aperture 421 can block the light in the secondary optical light guide element 20 from shining into the internal lens group 42.

[0201] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 47 After the secondary optical light guide element 20, imaging structure 40, and circuit board 60 are packaged together, they are then installed into the support component 10.

[0202] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 48 The secondary optical light guide element 20, the support component 10, and the mounting base 41 are all molded separately. When assembling the tip 100, the relative positions of the secondary optical light guide element 20, the support component 10, and the mounting base 41 can be adjusted.

[0203] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 25 Both surfaces of the first lens 423 are curved surfaces convex to the object side of the lens group 42, and the second lens 424 is used to diverge light rays; the second lens 424 is a biconvex lens.

[0204] The second lens 424 can converge light. During imaging, the light rays on the object side of the lens group 42 are diverged by the first lens 423 and then converged by the second lens 424 before reaching the image sensor 43.

[0205] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 49As shown, in the Z direction of the optical axis 45, a second protective glass 46 connected to the image sensor 43 is also provided between the image sensor 43 and the second lens 424.

[0206] In some embodiments, T / f is greater than or equal to 2.85, where T is the distance between the object-side surface of the first lens 423 and the image plane 48, and f is the focal length of the lens group 42. The F-number (aperture number) of the lens group 42 is greater than or equal to 2.79, and the minimum imaging distance is 2 mm.

[0207] In some embodiments, the lens group 42 has a T / f = 2.85, an F-number of 2.79, and an imaging distance of 2 mm. Please refer to... Figure 49 The surface of the first lens 423 facing the object side is defined as the first light-transmitting surface 4231, the surface of the first lens 423 facing the second lens 424 is defined as the second light-transmitting surface 4232, the surface of the second lens 424 facing the first lens 423 is defined as the third light-transmitting surface 4241, and the surface of the second lens 424 facing the image sensor 43 is defined as the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242. The fourth light-transmitting surface 4242 is the location of the aperture stop. The surface of the second protective glass 46 facing the second lens 424 is defined as the fifth light-transmitting surface 461, and the surface of the second protective glass 46 facing the image sensor 43 is defined as the sixth light-transmitting surface 462.

[0208] The parameters of imaging structure 40 are as follows Figure 50 As shown, the distance between the object surface 47 and the first light-transmitting surface 4231 is 2mm, and the net diameter is 4.030611mm.

[0209] The first light-transmitting surface 4231 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 1.425688 mm. The distance between the first light-transmitting surface 4231 and the second light-transmitting surface 4232 (the thickness of the first lens 423) is 0.32 mm. The first lens 423 is made of E48R optical plastic and has a net aperture of 0.76 mm. The coefficient of the quadratic term r in the aspherical equation of the first light-transmitting surface 4231 is -0.039351383. The coefficients of the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th terms r in the aspherical equation of the first light-transmitting surface 4231 are all 0.

[0210] The second transparent surface 4232 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 1.2655712 mm. The distance between the second transparent surface 4232 and the third transparent surface 4241 is 0.25 mm, the net diameter is 0.436 mm, and the conicity coefficient is 20.8259952. In the aspherical equation of the second transparent surface 4232, the coefficients of the quadratic term r are 0, the coefficients of the quartic term r are 5.5624586, the coefficients of the sixth term r are -180.42243, the coefficients of the octet term r are 5725.4774, and the coefficients of the decennial term r are 19875.435. In the aspherical equation of the second transparent surface 4232, the coefficients of the decennial, quartic, and decennial terms r are all 0.

[0211] The third light-transmitting surface 4241 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 12.098457 mm. The distance between the third light-transmitting surface 4241 and the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242 (the thickness of the second lens 424) is 0.328 mm. The second lens 424 is made of E48R optical plastic with a net aperture of 0.5 mm and a conic coefficient of -122.18018. In the aspherical equation of the third light-transmitting surface 4241, the coefficients of the 2nd term of r are 0, the coefficients of the 4th term of r are 3.9627903, the coefficients of the 6th term of r are -74.390518, the coefficients of the 8th term of r are 1066.0398, and the coefficients of the 10th term of r are 37428.809. In the aspherical equation of the third light-transmitting surface 4241, the coefficients of the 12th, 14th, and 16th terms of r are all 0.

[0212] The fourth light-transmitting surface 4242 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 10.003241 mm. The distance between the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242 and the fifth light-transmitting surface 461 is 0.16 mm, the net diameter is 0.372667 mm, and the conic coefficient is -30.659623. In the aspherical equation of the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242, the coefficients of the quadratic term of r are 0, the coefficients of the fourth-order term of r are -0.86061973, the coefficients of the sixth-order term of r are 22.633681, the coefficients of the eighth-order term of r are 320.80762, and the coefficients of the tenth-order term of r are -16058.864. In the aspherical equation of the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242, the coefficients of the twelfth-order, fourteenth-order, and sixteenth-order terms of r are all 0.

[0213] The back focal length of lens group 42 is 0.7018359 mm, the distance between the first light-transmitting surface 4231 and the image plane 48 (total length of the optical system) is 2.112186 mm, the image space F / # (the ratio of the paraxial effective focal length to the entrance pupil diameter under infinite conjugate conditions) is 2.798491, the image space NA (numerical aperture) is 0.4456884, and the object space NA (numerical aperture) is 0.24805588.

[0214] The fifth light-transmitting surface 461 is a plane, and the distance between the fifth light-transmitting surface 461 and the sixth light-transmitting surface 462 (the thickness of the second protective glass 46) is 0.35mm. The second lens 424 is made of BK7 glass and has a net aperture of 0.436852mm.

[0215] The sixth light-transmitting surface 462 is a plane, and the distance between the sixth light-transmitting surface 462 and the image plane 48 is 0.7571855mm, with a net aperture of 0.6251766mm.

[0216] The net diameter of image plane 48 is 0.51 mm.

[0217] The modulation transfer function curve of imaging structure 40 is as follows: Figure 51 As shown, the vertical axis represents the optical transfer function (OTF) magnitude, and the horizontal axis represents the spatial frequency. At a spatial frequency of 72 lp / mm, the imaging structure 40 exhibits an OTF magnitude greater than 0.5, resulting in relatively clear imaging.

[0218] The field curvature of imaging structure 40 is as follows Figure 52 As shown, the vertical axis represents the field of view angle, and the horizontal axis represents the field curvature. Curves of different colors represent the field curvature of light rays of different wavelengths in the meridional and sagittal planes under different fields of view; dashed lines represent the sagittal field curvature of light rays in different fields of view, and solid lines represent the meridional field curvature of light rays in different fields of view. Within a field of view of 0-40 degrees, the maximum meridional field curvature for various wavelengths of light is approximately 0.42 mm, and the maximum sagittal field curvature for various wavelengths of light is 0.415 mm. The wavelengths of light rays corresponding to the different colored lines in the field curvature diagram are as follows: Figure 53 As shown.

[0219] The F-THETA distortion map of imaging structure 40 is shown below. Figure 54 As shown, the vertical axis represents the field of view; the horizontal axis represents the distortion percentage, which is (difference between the position of the principal ray and the position of the reference ray) / principal ray. The curves representing various wavelengths of light basically overlap. Within a field of view of 0-40 degrees, the maximum F-THETA distortion for various wavelengths is 5.8%. The wavelengths of light corresponding to the different colored lines in the F-THETA distortion graph are as follows: Figure 55 As shown.

[0220] At different incident angles, the shapes of the light spots at specific locations on the image plane 48, where light of different wavelengths strike, are as follows: Figure 56 As shown. The angle of incidence of the object plane 47 is the angle of incidence of the light rays entering the imaging structure 40. The size of the image plane 48 represents the radial position of the center of the light spot on the image plane 48 (the distance between the center of the light spot and the center of the image plane 48). The horizontal axis represents the lateral dimension of the light spot, with a total length of 40 μm; the vertical axis represents the longitudinal dimension of the light spot, with a total length of 40 μm. Figure 56 The wavelengths of light corresponding to different colors in the image are as follows:Figure 57 As shown.

[0221] In some embodiments, the lens group 42 has a T / f of 68.5, an F-number of 3.11, and an imaging distance of 50 mm.

[0222] The parameters of imaging structure 40 are as follows Figure 58 As shown, the distance between the object surface 47 and the first light-transmitting surface 4231 is 50mm, and the net diameter is 84.57476mm.

[0223] The first light-transmitting surface 4231 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 4.07285 mm. The distance between the first light-transmitting surface 4231 and the second light-transmitting surface 4232 (the thickness of the first lens 423) is 0.275675 mm. The first lens 423 is made of E48R optical plastic and has a net aperture of 0.76 mm. The coefficient of the quadratic term r in the aspherical equation of the first light-transmitting surface 4231 is -0.162680116. The coefficients of the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th terms r in the aspherical equation of the first light-transmitting surface 4231 are all 0.

[0224] The second transparent surface 4232 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 1.2430207 mm. The distance between the second transparent surface 4232 and the third transparent surface 4241 is 0.18 mm, the net diameter is 0.436 mm, and the conic coefficient is 10.7814951. In the aspherical equation of the second transparent surface 4232, the coefficients of the quadratic term r are 0, the coefficients of the quartic term r are 15.6531065, the coefficients of the sixth term r are -298.73161, the coefficients of the octet term r are 1836.0343, and the coefficients of the decennial term r are -12760.1393. In the aspherical equation of the second transparent surface 4232, the coefficients of the decennial, quartic, and decennial terms r are all 0.

[0225] The third light-transmitting surface 4241 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 3.993562 mm. The distance between the third light-transmitting surface 4241 and the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242 (the thickness of the second lens 424) is 0.42 mm. The second lens 424 is made of E48R optical plastic with a net aperture of 0.5 mm and a conic coefficient of -16.73417. In the equation for the aspherical surface of the third light-transmitting surface 4241, the coefficients of the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th orders of r are 0, 11.137763, -22.381684, 902.22524, and 22291.898, respectively. The coefficients of the 12th, 14th, and 16th orders of r in the equation for the aspherical surface of the third light-transmitting surface 4241 are all 0.

[0226] The fourth light-transmitting surface 4242 is an even-order aspherical surface with a radius of curvature of 10.327449 mm. The distance between the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242 and the fifth light-transmitting surface 461 is 0.1 mm, the net diameter is 0.3845802 mm, and the conic coefficient is -132.73946. In the aspherical equation of the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242, the coefficients of the quadratic term r are 0, the coefficients of the quartic term r are -10.4573287, the coefficients of the sixth term r are 97.3714461, the coefficients of the octet term r are 843.62375, and the coefficients of the decet term r are -8826.2403. In the aspherical equation of the fourth light-transmitting surface 4242, the coefficients of the twelfth, fourteenth, and sixteenth terms r are all 0.

[0227] The back focal length of lens group 42 is 0.7096256 mm, the distance between the first light-transmitting surface 4231 and the image plane 48 (total length of the optical system) is 2.115011 mm, the image space F / # (the ratio of the paraxial effective focal length to the entrance pupil diameter under infinite conjugate conditions) is 3.114157, the image space NA (numerical aperture) is 0.2070543, and the object space NA (numerical aperture) is 0.01344809.

[0228] The fifth light-transmitting surface 461 is a plane. The distance between the fifth light-transmitting surface 461 and the sixth light-transmitting surface 462 (the thickness of the second protective glass 46) is 0.645mm. The second lens 424 is made of BK7 glass and has a net aperture of 0.4463843mm.

[0229] The sixth light-transmitting surface 462 is a plane, the distance between the sixth light-transmitting surface 462 and the image plane 48 is 0.760011mm, and the net aperture is 0.6317415mm.

[0230] The net diameter of image plane 48 is 0.51 mm.

[0231] The modulation transfer function curve of imaging structure 40 is as follows: Figure 59 As shown, the vertical axis represents the optical transfer function (OTF) magnitude, and the horizontal axis represents the spatial frequency. At a spatial frequency of 72 lp / mm, the imaging structure 40 exhibits an OTF magnitude greater than 0.4, resulting in a relatively clear image.

[0232] The field curvature of imaging structure 40 is as follows Figure 60 As shown, the vertical axis represents the field of view angle, and the horizontal axis represents the field curvature. Curves of different colors represent the field curvature of light rays of different wavelengths in the meridional and sagittal planes under different fields of view; the dashed line represents the sagittal field curvature of light rays in different fields of view, and the solid line represents the meridional field curvature of light rays in different fields of view. The wavelengths of light rays corresponding to the different colored lines in the field curvature diagram are as follows: Figure 61 As shown.

[0233] The F-THETA distortion map of imaging structure 40 is shown below. Figure 62 As shown, the vertical axis represents the field of view; the horizontal axis represents the distortion percentage, which is (difference between the position of the principal ray and the position of the reference ray) / principal ray. The curves representing various wavelengths of light basically overlap. The different colored lines in the F-THETA distortion diagram correspond to the wavelengths of light as follows: Figure 63 As shown.

[0234] At different incident angles, the shapes of the light spots at specific locations on the image plane 48, where light of different wavelengths strike, are as follows: Figure 64 As shown. The angle of incidence of the object plane 47 is the angle of incidence of the light rays entering the imaging structure 40. The size of the image plane 48 represents the radial position of the center of the light spot on the image plane 48 (the distance between the center of the light spot and the center of the image plane 48). The horizontal axis represents the lateral dimension of the light spot, with a total length of 100 μm; the vertical axis represents the longitudinal dimension of the light spot, with a total length of 100 μm. Figure 64 The wavelengths of light corresponding to different colors in the image are as follows: Figure 65 As shown.

[0235] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 25 The lens group 42 also includes an infrared filter 425 connected to the mounting base 41. The infrared filter 425 can filter infrared light, reduce the influence of infrared light on the image, and make the image clear.

[0236] Optionally, the infrared filter 425 can be disposed between the second lens 424 and the image sensor 43 along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0237] Optionally, the infrared filter 425 can also be disposed between the second lens 424 and the first lens 423 along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction.

[0238] Optionally, the infrared filter 425 may also be disposed along the optical axis 45 in the direction Z, on the side of the first lens 423 away from the second lens 424 along the optical axis 45 in the direction Z.

[0239] In some embodiments, the secondary optical light guide element 20 and the support member 10 are integrally formed, and the support member 10 is a light-shielding structure that can prevent light in the second light guide segment 21 from entering the receiving hole 11 and affecting imaging.

[0240] In some embodiments, the infrared filter 425 is attached to the mounting base 41 by adhesive or snap-fit.

[0241] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 25 The imaging structure 40 also includes a first protective glass 44 connected to the mounting base 41. The first protective glass 44 is located on the side of the lens group 42 away from the image sensor 43 along the optical axis 45 direction Z.

[0242] In some embodiments, the first protective glass 44 and the second protective glass 46 are both fixed to the mounting base 41 by adhesive or snap-fit.

[0243] The first protective glass 44 can protect the lens group 42, and the first protective glass 44 can transmit light so that the lens group 42 can receive light from its object side.

[0244] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figures 66 to 70 The cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element 20 in the direction Z perpendicular to the optical axis 45 is one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon.

[0245] For example, please refer to Figure 1 The secondary optical light guide element 20 can be cylindrical.

[0246] For example, please refer to Figure 66 The secondary optical guide element 20 can be an elliptical cylinder.

[0247] For example, please refer to Figure 67 The secondary optical light guide element 20 can be a quadrangular prism, and the cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element 20 is rectangular.

[0248] For example, please refer to Figure 68 The secondary optical light guide element 20 can be a quadrangular prism, and the cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element 20 is prismatic.

[0249] For example, please refer to Figure 69 The secondary optical light guide element 20 can be a hexagonal prism.

[0250] For example, please refer to Figure 70 The secondary optical light guide element 20 can be an octagonal prism.

[0251] In some embodiments, the secondary optical light guide element 20 includes at least two sub-light guide segments arranged sequentially along the optical axis 45 direction Z, and the cross-sections of the at least two sub-light guide segments perpendicular to the optical axis 45 direction Z are two of the following: circular, elliptical, and polygonal.

[0252] Optionally, the ends of the two sub-light guide segments along the optical axis 45 direction Z can be connected together.

[0253] Optionally, when the secondary optical light guide element 20 includes a second light guide segment 21 and a first light guide segment 22, the two sub-secondary optical light guide elements 20 can be the second light guide segment 21 and the first light guide segment 22, respectively.

[0254] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the secondary optical guide element 20 perpendicular to the optical axis 45 direction Z gradually changes from one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon to another along the optical axis 45 direction Z.

[0255] For example, the cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element 20 can be gradually changed from a circle to a regular hexagon.

[0256] For example, the cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element 20 can also be gradually changed from a circle to an ellipse.

[0257] Optionally, when the secondary optical light guide element 20 includes a second light guide segment 21 and a first light guide segment 22, the cross-section of the second light guide segment 21 can be gradually changed from one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon, and the cross-section of the first light guide segment 22 can be gradually changed from one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon.

[0258] In some embodiments, the light source 30 is one of a red light source, a green light source, an infrared light source, or a composite light source; the light source 30 includes at least one of a light-emitting diode and a laser light source.

[0259] The red light source 30 emits red light, which has strong penetrating power. The green light source emits green light, suitable for high-precision measurements. The infrared light source emits infrared light, which can penetrate biological tissue to image its interior.

[0260] Composite light sources can emit light in different wavelengths. For example, a composite light source can emit light in two or three of the red, green, and infrared wavelengths.

[0261] Optionally, the light source 30 may include a light-emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting light uniformly.

[0262] Optionally, the light source 30 may include a laser light source capable of being used for three-dimensional imaging.

[0263] Optionally, when there are two secondary optical light guide elements 20, the tip 100 may include two light sources 30 corresponding to the two secondary optical light guide elements 20, and the two light sources 30 may be a light-emitting diode and a laser light source, respectively.

[0264] In some embodiments, an operation hole 12 is provided through the support member 10, and the operation hole 12 is located on one side of the imaging structure 40 along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis 45.

[0265] The operating port 12 is used to receive instruments. For example, when the tip 100 is used inside the human body, surgical instruments can be passed through the operating port 12 to process the human tissue while observing the human tissue.

[0266] There are multiple directions perpendicular to the optical axis 45. The operation hole 12 is located on one side of the imaging structure 40 along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis 45. The instruments in the operation hole 12 do not affect the imaging structure 40.

[0267] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 71 The operating hole 12 may not be provided on the support member 10, and the front end of the support member 10 has a small volume.

[0268] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the support member 10 extending along the optical axis 45 direction Z includes at least one of a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, an elliptical cylindrical surface, and a plane.

[0269] Optionally, the outer surface of the support member 10 extending along the Z direction of the optical axis 45 can be a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, an elliptical cylindrical surface, or a plane. For example, when the outer surface of the support member 10 extending along the Z direction of the optical axis 45 is a cylindrical surface, the support member 10 is an overall cylindrical structure. For example, when the outer surface of the support member 10 extending along the Z direction of the optical axis 45 is a plane, the support member 10 is an overall prism structure.

[0270] Optionally, the outer surface of the support member 10 extending along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction may also include two, three, or four of the following: a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, an elliptical cylindrical surface, and a plane. For an example, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 The outer surface of the support member 10 extending along the optical axis 45 direction Z includes a cylindrical surface and a conical surface. The conical surface is located between the cylindrical surface and the light-emitting surface along the optical axis 45 direction Z. The diameter of the conical surface gradually decreases along the direction from the cylindrical surface to the light-emitting surface in the optical axis 45 direction Z.

[0271] The second aspect of this application also provides a tip assembly method, using the tip 100 of any of the embodiments in the first aspect. Please refer to... Figure 25 and Figure 47 The tip 100 also includes a connecting housing 70.

[0272] The tip assembly method includes connecting the imaging structure 40, the secondary optical light guide element 20, the light source 30 and the circuit board 60 to the connecting housing 70 to form an intermediate structure.

[0273] The intermediate structure is connected to the support 10 and positioned within the receiving hole 11.

[0274] The secondary optical light guide element 20 is located on the periphery of the imaging structure 40; the light source 30 is disposed on one side of the secondary optical light guide element 20 along the optical axis 45 direction Z, and the light source 30 faces the first surface 221.

[0275] The circuit board 60 is located on one side of the imaging structure 40 along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction, and the circuit board 60 is located on the side of the image sensor 43 in the imaging structure 40 away from the lens group 42.

[0276] The intermediate structure refers to the entire structure that connects the housing 70, the imaging structure 40, the secondary optical light guide element 20, the light source 30, and the circuit board 60.

[0277] For example, the imaging structure 40 includes a mounting base 41, an image sensor 43, a lens group 42, a first protective glass 44, and a second protective glass 46. The mounting base 41 has a mounting hole 411 extending through it along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction of the lens group 42. The lens group 42 includes a first support aperture 421, a second support aperture 422, a first lens 423, a second lens 424, and an infrared filter 425. The image sensor 43, the second protective glass 46, the infrared filter 425, the second support aperture 422, the second lens 424, the first support aperture 421, the first lens 423, and the first protective glass 44 are arranged sequentially along the optical axis 45 in the Z direction within the mounting hole 411.

[0278] Optionally, the light source 30 and the circuit board 60 can be fixedly connected to the imaging structure 40 first, and then the imaging structure 40 can be fixed to the connecting housing 70, and the secondary optical light guide element 20 can be fixed to the connecting housing 70.

[0279] Optionally, the light source 30, circuit board 60, imaging structure 40, and secondary optical light guide element 20 can be fixed to the connecting housing 70 respectively.

[0280] The connecting housing 70 connects the imaging structure 40, the secondary optical light guide element 20, and the circuit board 60 together, so that the connecting housing 70, the imaging structure 40, the secondary optical light guide element 20, the light source 30, and the circuit board 60 can be connected as a whole, and the whole of the connecting housing 70, the imaging structure 40, the secondary optical light guide element 20, the light source 30, and the circuit board 60 can be quickly connected to the support member 10.

[0281] Optionally, the connecting housing 70 can be a cylindrical structure, with the imaging structure 40, secondary optical light guide element 20, light source 30 and circuit board 60 all located inside the connecting housing 70.

[0282] Optionally, the connecting housing 70 can also be an arc-shaped structure extending circumferentially along the imaging structure 40, and the connecting housing 70 connects the imaging structure 40 to the secondary optical guide element 20 on the periphery of the imaging structure 40.

[0283] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: the tip assembly method of the embodiments of this application uses the tip 100 of any one of the first aspect embodiments, which can reduce the volume of the tip 100 and has all the beneficial effects of the first aspect embodiments.

[0284] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application also provides an endoscope, the endoscope including the tip 100 of any of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0285] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: the endoscope of the embodiments of this application includes the tip 100 of any one of the first aspect embodiments, which can reduce the volume of the tip 100 and has all the beneficial effects of the first aspect embodiments.

[0286] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A tip, characterized in that, include: A support member is provided with a through-hole, and one end of the support member extending along the direction of the through-hole has a front end face; An imaging structure is located within the receiving hole; the imaging structure includes a mounting base, an image sensor, and a lens group; the mounting base is connected to the support member, and the mounting base has a mounting hole extending through it along the optical axis of the lens group; the lens group is at least partially received within the mounting hole, and the lens group includes at least one optical lens, wherein at least one optical lens and the mounting base are integrally formed; along the optical axis, the front end face is located on the side of the image sensor closer to the lens group; A secondary optical light guide element is connected to and located within the support member. The secondary optical light guide element extends along the optical axis and is a light-transmitting structural component. The two ends of the secondary optical light guide element along the optical axis have a first surface and a light-emitting surface, respectively, with the light-emitting surface located on the front end surface. A light source is disposed on one side of the secondary optical light guide element along the optical axis, with the light source facing the first surface, so that the light emitted by the light source can enter the secondary optical light guide element from the first surface and exit the secondary optical light guide element from the light-emitting surface. A circuit board is connected to the support member. The circuit board is located on the side of the image sensor away from the lens group along the optical axis. The light source and the image sensor are both connected to the end of the circuit board close to the image sensor along the optical axis.

2. The tip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary optical light guide element has a reflective microstructure on its outer wall extending along the optical axis; and / or, The tip also includes a reflective layer, which is connected to the outer wall of the secondary optical light guide element extending along the optical axis.

3. The tip as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first surface is one of the following: a plane, a curved surface convex to the light source, a curved surface concave to the light-emitting surface, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane; the light-emitting surface is one of the following: a plane, a curved surface convex to the side opposite to the first surface, a curved surface concave to the first surface, a diffractive optical surface, or a hyperplane.

4. The tip as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the tip includes the reflective layer, the reflective layer includes one of an electroplated layer, a physical vapor deposition layer, a chemical vapor deposition layer, and a reflective film layer; or, the reflective layer includes at least two of the following: an electroplated layer, a physical vapor deposition layer, a chemical vapor deposition layer, and a reflective film layer, stacked together.

5. The tip as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the tip includes the reflective microstructure, the reflective microstructure includes at least one of a serrated microstructure, a pyramidal microstructure, and a hemispherical microstructure.

6. The tip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, On a projection plane perpendicular to the optical axis, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the circuit board falls within the receiving hole.

7. The tip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary optical light guide element includes a first light guide segment and a second light guide segment spaced apart along the optical axis. The first light guide segment has a second surface at one end near the second light guide segment along the optical axis and a first surface at the other end. The second light guide segment has a third surface at one end near the first light guide segment along the optical axis and a light-emitting surface at the other end.

8. The tip as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the first light guide segment extending along the optical axis is provided with a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer; and / or, The outer wall of the second light guide segment extending along the optical axis is provided with a reflective microstructure and / or a reflective layer.

9. The tip as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first surface, the light-emitting surface, the second surface, and the third surface are all one of the following: a plane, a curved surface, a diffractive optical surface, and a hyperplane.

10. The tip as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting base and the first light guide segment are integrally formed, and the mounting base is a light-shielding structural component. The first light guide segment is located inside the receiving hole. The second light guide segment and the support are integrally formed, and the support is a light-shielding structural component.

11. The tip as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The tip also includes a reflector cup, which is located between the light source and the secondary optical guide element along the optical axis; the reflector cup has a reflective hole that extends through the light source along the optical axis, and the light source is positioned toward the reflective hole; along the optical axis from the light source to the secondary optical guide element, at least a portion of the aperture of the reflective hole gradually increases in size; the hole wall of the reflective hole is used to reflect the light emitted by the light source to the first surface.

12. The tip as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The reflector cup and the mounting base are integrally formed, and the reflector cup is located inside the receiving hole; the secondary optical light guide element and the support are integrally formed.

13. The tip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary optical light guide element and the mounting base are integrally formed, the mounting base is a light-shielding structural component, and the secondary optical light guide element is located in the receiving hole.

14. The tip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lens group further includes a first support aperture and a second support aperture; at least one of the optical lenses includes a first lens and a second lens, wherein the first lens is connected to the first support aperture. The second lens is connected to the second support aperture; Along the optical axis, the second lens and the first lens are sequentially arranged on one side of the image sensor.

15. The tip as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The second support aperture and the second lens are integrally formed; and / or, the first support aperture and the first lens are integrally formed.

16. The tip as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The first lens, the first support aperture, the secondary optical guide element, and the support are integrally formed; the second lens, the second support aperture, and the mounting base are located inside the first support aperture, the secondary optical guide element is located outside the first support aperture, and the first support aperture is a light-shielding structure.

17. The tip as described in claim 14, characterized in that, Both sides of the first lens are curved surfaces convex towards the object side of the lens group, and the first lens is used to diverge light rays; the second lens is a biconvex lens.

18. The tip as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary optical light guide element and the support are integrally formed, and the support is a light-shielding structural component.

19. The tip as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The lens group also includes an infrared filter connected to the mounting base.

20. The tip as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The imaging structure also includes a first protective glass connected to the mounting base, the first protective glass being located on the side of the lens group away from the image sensor along the optical axis.

21. The tip as claimed in any one of claims 1-20, characterized in that, The cross-section of the secondary optical light guide element perpendicular to the optical axis is one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon; or... The secondary optical light guide element includes at least two sub-light guide segments arranged sequentially along the optical axis, wherein the cross-sections of the at least two sub-light guide segments perpendicular to the optical axis are two of the following: circular, elliptical, and polygonal; or... Along the optical axis, the cross-section of the secondary optical guide element perpendicular to the optical axis gradually changes from one of a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon to another.

22. The tip as claimed in any one of claims 1-20, characterized in that, The light source is one of red light source, green light source, infrared light source, or composite light source; the light source includes at least one of light-emitting diode and laser light source.

23. The tip as described in any one of claims 1-20, characterized in that, An operation hole is provided through the support member, and the operation hole is located on one side of the imaging structure along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

24. The tip as claimed in any one of claims 1-20, characterized in that, The outer surface of the support member extending along the optical axis includes at least one of a cylindrical surface, a conical surface, an elliptical cylindrical surface, and a plane.

25. A method for assembling a tip, characterized in that, Using the tip as described in any one of claims 1-24, the tip further includes a connecting housing; the tip assembly method includes: The imaging structure, the secondary optical guide element, the light source, and the circuit board are all connected to the connecting housing to form an intermediate structure; The intermediate structure is connected to the support member and positioned within the receiving hole.

26. An endoscope, characterized in that, Includes the tip as described in any one of claims 1-24.

Images