A basement anti-seepage structure for construction engineering

Abstract

The application relates to a basement anti-seepage structure for building engineering, belonging to the technical field of basement waterproofing, which comprises a cushion layer, the upper surface of the cushion layer is rigidly cast with a concrete bottom plate, the upper side of the concrete bottom plate is provided with a water-permeable concrete layer, the upper surface of the water-permeable concrete layer is flexibly bonded with a decorative panel; an anti-seepage mechanism for preventing groundwater seepage is arranged between the concrete bottom plate and the water-permeable concrete layer, and an extraction mechanism is arranged on the decorative panel. The basement anti-seepage structure for building engineering is provided with the integrated anti-seepage mechanism between the concrete bottom plate and the water-permeable concrete layer, realizes integrated protection of resistance-conduction-drainage-monitoring, and forms a double rigid-flexible barrier together with a waterproofing membrane and a microcapsule self-repairing coating, so that the initial groundwater seepage is effectively inhibited; the drainage cushion is embedded with X / Y axial porous pipes, and is communicated with a plurality of water collecting cavities through a drip pipe, so that a grid partitioned flow guiding network is formed, and it is ensured that the seepage water is quickly captured and directionally collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of basement waterproofing technology, specifically to a leak-proof structure for basements in building construction. Background Technology

[0002] In construction projects, basements, which are often below the groundwater level or subject to infiltration by rainwater and surface water, are highly susceptible to groundwater intrusion. When groundwater seeps into the interior through weak points such as micro-cracks, construction joints, post-cast strips, or through-wall pipes in the concrete structure, it can cause not only damp walls, sweaty floors, and blistering and peeling of decorative layers, but also structural damage such as steel corrosion and concrete carbonization. In severe cases, it can even affect the overall safety of the building. In addition, a continuously damp environment can easily breed mold, reduce the comfort of use, and cause irreversible damage to mechanical and electrical equipment and stored materials. Therefore, building an efficient and reliable basement anti-leakage system has become a key technical requirement for the high-quality construction and long-term operation and maintenance of underground spaces.

[0003] Currently, conventional basement waterproofing mainly relies on a passive protection strategy combining rigidity and flexibility. Rigid waterproofing improves the structure's self-waterproofing ability by using impermeable concrete (such as P6 and P8 grades). Flexible waterproofing lays waterproof membranes (such as SBS, polymer self-adhesive membranes, etc.) on the outside or inside of the base slab and side walls to form a continuous barrier. For small amounts of water that have already seeped in, some projects use blind drains, sump pits, or gravel drainage layers to guide the water and then pump it out. In recent years, some patents (such as CN216041364U) have proposed setting up side sump pits below the permeable layer and using buoy water level indicators to achieve simple drainage. In addition, intelligent monitoring technology has begun to try to introduce liquid level sensors to determine the water accumulation status.

[0004] However, existing seepage prevention technologies still have significant limitations: they mainly rely on a passive protection mode of "blocking as the primary method." Once the waterproof membrane or concrete structure suffers minor damage due to construction defects, material aging, or foundation deformation, groundwater may seep into the hidden space between the structure and the finish, making it difficult to detect and effectively drain in a timely manner. At the same time, existing water collection systems mostly use a single collection pool or a large-scale gravel layer for diversion, lacking the ability to collect in zones and accurately locate leaks, making it difficult to identify the source of leakage and maintain. In addition, the diversion process relies entirely on natural gravity and does not have an active diversion mechanism, resulting in low drainage efficiency in flat areas or under low seepage rate conditions, which can easily cause local water accumulation. More importantly, existing structures generally lack self-repair and intelligent response functions, and cannot dynamically seal micro-cracks, nor can they automatically activate early warning or forced drainage measures based on the leakage status. The overall system is unable to meet the actual needs of high-standard underground engineering in terms of reliability, intelligence, and long-term durability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a waterproof structure for basements in building construction, which has advantages such as high waterproof reliability, fast leakage response, accurate location, convenient maintenance, and long-term durability. It solves the problems of existing technologies that rely primarily on blocking, resulting in difficulty in detecting hidden seepage, difficulty in locating water collection systems without zoning, low efficiency of gravity drainage, and lack of self-repair and intelligent linkage capabilities.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a seepage-proof structure for basement of building engineering, including a cushion layer, a concrete base slab rigidly cast on the upper surface of the cushion layer, a permeable concrete layer provided on the upper side of the concrete base slab, and a decorative panel flexibly bonded to the upper surface of the permeable concrete layer.

[0007] A seepage prevention mechanism is provided between the concrete base slab and the permeable concrete layer to prevent groundwater leakage, and an extraction mechanism is provided on the decorative panel. The seepage prevention mechanism includes the following specific components:

[0008] Waterproof membrane: It is laid on the upper surface of the concrete base slab;

[0009] Infill layer: It partially fills the space above the concrete base slab;

[0010] Water collection cavities: These are located in the gaps filled by the filling layer, and there are no fewer than two of them;

[0011] Drainage pad: It covers and overlaps the upper side of the filling layer and is connected to the waterproof membrane through a water collection cavity;

[0012] Axial pipes: There shall be no fewer than two of them, both of which shall be built into the drainage pad;

[0013] Water inlet holes: There shall be no fewer than two inlet holes, which shall be equally spaced on the outside of the axial pipe;

[0014] Drip pipes: There are no fewer than two of them, which are vertically installed, with one end extending into the water collection cavity and the other end connected to the axial pipe;

[0015] Connector: It is hollow inside and open at both ends, and is connected to the inner wall of the drip pipe by a thread;

[0016] Filter A: It is fixed at the bottom of the connector and faces the water collection chamber;

[0017] The filling layer is composed of dry fine sand and lightweight ceramic particles. It only fills the area around the water collection cavity and does not cover the entire surface of the waterproof membrane, so as to maintain the permeable gap between the bottom of the drainage pad and the waterproof membrane.

[0018] Furthermore, the anti-leakage mechanism also includes a liquid level sensor fixed in each of the water collection chambers, the number of which is equal to the number of water collection chambers.

[0019] Furthermore, the axial conduit includes an X-pipe and a Y-pipe, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other, and multiple drip pipes are connected and fixed at the connection point of the X-pipe and the Y-pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the machine room is located in the upper space of the decorative panel, and the extraction mechanism for extracting the seepage water located in the machine room includes a water storage tank, a water pump, a water storage pipe, and a water extraction pipe. The water storage tank is located in the machine room and placed on the decorative panel. The water storage pipe is connected and fixed to the outlet end of the water pump, and the other end is connected and fixed to the water storage tank. The water extraction pipe is connected and fixed to the inlet end of the water pump.

[0021] Furthermore, the extraction mechanism also includes a manifold and a branch pipe. The number of branch pipes is equal to the number of water collection chambers, and one end of each branch pipe extends into the interior of the water collection chamber, while the other end of each branch pipe is fixed to the same manifold. The other end of the extraction pipe is connected and fixed to the manifold, and a one-way valve is fitted on the outside of the extraction pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, the water pump and multiple liquid level sensors are all electrically connected to a main controller, and an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the water storage tank.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper surface of the concrete base slab is coated with a microcapsule self-healing coating, which is located between the concrete base slab and the waterproof membrane. The microcapsule self-healing coating contains microcapsules containing repair monomers and is used to release repair agents and polymerize to seal cracks.

[0024] Furthermore, the X and Y pipes are laid horizontally as a whole, and are sloped at a rate of not less than 1% toward their respective water collection chambers, so that the seepage water flows into the drip pipe by gravity. The internal part of the diversion pipe is detachably fixed with a filter screen B.

[0025] Furthermore, a micro negative pressure generating device is provided inside the manifold. The micro negative pressure generating device is electrically connected to the main controller and is used to apply a brief negative pressure to each branch pipe and the water collection chamber before the water pump is started, so as to accelerate the collection of leaking water from the drainage pad through the axial pipe and the drip pipe to the water collection chamber.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The basement waterproofing structure of this building project utilizes an integrated waterproofing mechanism between the concrete slab and the permeable concrete layer, achieving integrated protection of "blocking, guiding, draining, and monitoring." The waterproof membrane and the microcapsule self-healing coating together form a double rigid-flexible barrier, effectively inhibiting initial groundwater infiltration. The drainage pad is embedded with X / Y axial porous pipes and connected to multiple water collection chambers through drip pipes, forming a grid-like zoned flow guidance network to ensure that seepage water is quickly captured and directionally collected. The filling layer is only partially set around the water collection chambers, preserving the permeable gaps between the drainage pad and the waterproof membrane, avoiding drainage blind spots caused by traditional full filling. At the same time, the axial pipes are laid with a slope of not less than 1%, ensuring the reliability of gravity flow and significantly improving seepage collection efficiency and system response speed.

[0028] 2. The basement of this building project uses a seepage-proof structure that integrates intelligent monitoring and active intervention mechanisms. Each water collection chamber has a built-in liquid level sensor, which can sense the water level status of each zone in real time and realize precise leakage location and automatic alarm through the main controller. The extraction mechanism, together with the manifold, diversion pipe and one-way valve, ensures efficient drainage of accumulated water and prevents backflow. Crucially, the micro negative pressure generating device installed in the manifold can apply a brief negative pressure to the pipe network before the water pump starts, actively "sucking" the stagnant water in the drainage pad, which greatly shortens the drainage response time, especially suitable for flat slopes or slightly seeping conditions. Combined with the microcapsule self-healing coating on the surface of the concrete slab, the system can also automatically release repair agent to seal cracks in the early stage of crack initiation, reducing leakage from the source. This not only improves the intelligence level and ease of operation and maintenance of the basement seepage prevention, but also significantly enhances the long-term durability and safety reliability of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-leakage mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the filter screen A and connector structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extraction mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Subbase, 2. Concrete base slab, 3. Permeable concrete layer, 4. Decorative panel, 5. Leak-proof mechanism, 51. Waterproof membrane, 52. Filling layer, 53. Water collection cavity, 54. Drainage pad, 55. Axial pipe, 56. Water inlet, 57. Drip pipe, 58. Connector, 59. Filter A, 510. Liquid level sensor, 6. Extraction mechanism, 601. Water storage tank, 602. Water pump, 603. Water storage pipe, 604. Pumping pipe, 605. Manifold, 606. Diverter, 607. Check valve, 608. Vent pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see Figure 1-4 The waterproof structure for basement construction in this embodiment includes a cushion layer 1, a concrete base slab 2 rigidly cast on the upper surface of the cushion layer 1, a permeable concrete layer 3 on the upper side of the concrete base slab 2, and a decorative panel 4 flexibly bonded to the upper surface of the permeable concrete layer 3.

[0036] A seepage prevention mechanism 5 is provided between the concrete base slab 2 and the permeable concrete layer 3 to prevent groundwater leakage, and an extraction mechanism 6 is provided on the decorative panel 4.

[0037] Leakage prevention mechanism 5 includes the following specific components:

[0038] Waterproof membrane 51: It is laid on the upper surface of the concrete base slab 2;

[0039] Infill layer 52: It partially fills the space above the concrete base slab 2;

[0040] Water collection cavity 53: It is located in the gap filled by the filling layer 52, and there are no fewer than two of them;

[0041] Drainage pad 54: It covers and overlaps the upper side of the filling layer 52 and is connected to the waterproof membrane 51 through the water collection cavity 53;

[0042] Axial pipes 55: There are no fewer than two of them, and they are all built inside the drainage pad 54;

[0043] Water inlet 56: There are no fewer than two inlet holes, which are equally spaced on the outside of the axial pipe 55;

[0044] Drip pipe 57: There are no fewer than two of them, and they are vertically arranged, with one end extending into the water collection cavity 53 and the other end connected to the axial pipe 55;

[0045] Connector 58: It is hollow inside and open at both ends, and is connected to the inner wall of the drip pipe 57 by a threaded connection.

[0046] Filter screen A59: It is fixed at the bottom of connector 58 and faces the water collection chamber 53.

[0047] It should be noted that a seepage prevention mechanism 5, consisting of a waterproof membrane 51, a partial filling layer 52, multiple water collection chambers 53, a drainage pad 54, and an embedded axial pipe 55, is set between the concrete base slab 2 and the permeable concrete layer 3, thus constructing an integrated "blocking-guiding-collecting" structural system. The drainage pad 54 covers the filling layer 52 and is connected to the waterproof membrane 51 through the water collection chamber 53, ensuring that the seepage water is effectively captured and directed into the water collection chamber 53, preventing water from accumulating under the decorative panel 4, and significantly improving the seepage prevention reliability and drainage efficiency of the basement base slab area.

[0048] The filling layer 52 is composed of dry fine sand and lightweight ceramic particles. It only fills the area around the water collection cavity 53 and does not cover the entire surface of the waterproof membrane 51, so as to maintain the water-permeable gap between the bottom of the drainage pad 54 and the waterproof membrane 51.

[0049] It should be noted that this discontinuous filling method retains the permeable gap between the bottom of the drainage pad 54 and the waterproof membrane 51, ensuring that leaked water can flow freely throughout the entire base plate area and be effectively captured, avoiding drainage blind spots or local water stagnation problems caused by traditional full filling methods.

[0050] The anti-leakage mechanism 5 also includes a liquid level sensor 510 fixed in each water collection chamber 53, the number of which is equal to the number of water collection chambers 53.

[0051] It should be noted that each water collection chamber 53 is equipped with an independent liquid level sensor 510 to achieve real-time and accurate monitoring of the seepage status of each zone; when abnormal water accumulation occurs in a certain area, the system can quickly identify the specific location, provide clear leakage source information for operation and maintenance, greatly improve the efficiency of fault diagnosis and the targeted nature of maintenance, and overcome the shortcomings of traditional single water collection tanks that cannot locate leakage points.

[0052] The axial pipe 55 includes an X pipe and a Y pipe, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other, and multiple drip pipes 57 are connected and fixed at the connection between the X pipe and the Y pipe.

[0053] It should be noted that the axial pipe 55 is designed as X pipes and Y pipes that are perpendicular to each other, and the drip pipe 57 is connected at their intersection to form a grid-like flow guidance network. This layout allows leakage water to be quickly guided to the nearest drip pipe 57 no matter which direction it enters the drainage pad 54 from, which greatly shortens the collection path, improves the uniformity of drainage and response speed, and is especially suitable for efficient zoning management of large basements.

[0054] The machine room is located in the upper space of the decorative panel 4, and the extraction mechanism 6 for extracting the seepage water is located in the machine room. It includes a water storage tank 601, a water pump 602, a water storage pipe 603, and a water extraction pipe 604. The water storage tank 601 is located in the machine room and placed on the decorative panel 4. The water storage pipe 603 is connected and fixed to the outlet end of the water pump 602, and the other end is connected and fixed to the water storage tank 601. The water extraction pipe 604 is connected and fixed to the inlet end of the water pump 602.

[0055] It should be noted that a machine room is set up above the decorative panel 4 and an extraction mechanism 6 is integrated to achieve centralized and forceful drainage of seepage water. This design physically isolates the drainage equipment from the usable space, ensuring a clean indoor environment and facilitating maintenance. At the same time, the active drainage by the water pump 602 overcomes the limitations of natural gravity drainage in low-slope or high-water-level conditions.

[0056] The extraction mechanism 6 also includes a manifold 605 and a branch pipe 606. The number of branch pipes 606 is equal to the number of water collection chambers 53. One end of each branch pipe extends into the interior of the water collection chamber 53, and the other end of each branch pipe is fixed to the same manifold 605. The other end of the extraction pipe 604 is connected and fixed to the manifold 605, and a one-way valve 607 is sleeved on the outside of the extraction pipe 604.

[0057] It should be noted that the extraction mechanism 6 also includes a manifold 605 and a branch pipe 606, so that the water accumulated in multiple water collection chambers 53 first flows into a unified manifold 605 through their respective independent branch pipes 606, and then is centrally transported by the pumping pipe 604; this graded water collection method avoids hydraulic interference caused by multiple pipelines being directly connected to the water pump 602, and, together with the one-way valve 607, effectively prevents water from flowing back into the water collection chamber 53 after the pump stops, ensuring stable system operation and thorough drainage.

[0058] The water pump 602 and multiple liquid level sensors 510 are all electrically connected to a main controller, and the top of the water storage tank 601 is connected to and fixed with an exhaust pipe 608.

[0059] It should be noted that the water pump 602 and multiple liquid level sensors 510 are all electrically connected to the main controller to realize intelligent closed-loop control of "sensing-decision-execution". When the water level in any water collection chamber 53 exceeds the limit, the system automatically starts the pump to drain water and balances the air pressure in the water storage tank 601 through the exhaust pipe 608 to ensure smooth drainage, significantly improve the level of automation and emergency response capability, and reduce the need for manual intervention.

[0060] The upper surface of the concrete base slab 2 is coated with a microcapsule self-healing coating. The microcapsule self-healing coating is located between the concrete base slab 2 and the waterproof membrane 51. The coating contains microcapsules containing repair monomers and is used to release repair agents and polymerize to seal cracks.

[0061] It should be noted that when groundwater seeps into the concrete base slab 2 due to cracking, the moisture triggers the microcapsules to rupture, releasing the repair agent which polymerizes and solidifies in the cracks, thereby automatically sealing the microcracks, reducing leakage from the source, significantly enhancing the structure's long-term self-waterproofing ability and durability, and making up for the defect that traditional rigid waterproofing layers fail once they crack.

[0062] Among them, the X pipe and the Y pipe are laid horizontally as a whole, and are set with a slope of not less than 1% towards their respective water collection chambers 53, so that the seepage water flows into the drip pipe 57 by gravity. The filter screen B is fixedly and detachably fixed inside the diversion pipe 606.

[0063] It should be noted that the X and Y pipes are laid horizontally and have a slope of not less than 1% towards their respective water collection chambers 53, so that the seepage water flows into the drip pipe 57 by gravity. At the same time, the diversion pipe 606 is equipped with a removable filter screen B, which provides double protection for smooth water flow and impurity interception, taking into account both diversion efficiency and maintenance convenience, effectively preventing pipe blockage and ensuring long-term stable operation of the system.

[0064] The manifold 605 is equipped with a micro negative pressure generating device, which is electrically connected to the main controller. It is used to apply a short-term negative pressure to each branch pipe 606 and the water collection chamber 53 before the water pump 602 is started, so as to accelerate the collection of leaking water from the drain pad 54 through the axial pipe 55 and the drip pipe 57 to the water collection chamber 53.

[0065] It should be noted that the manifold 605 is equipped with a micro negative pressure generating device to apply a brief negative pressure to each branch pipe 606 and the water collection chamber 53 before the water pump 602 starts. This actively "sucks" the residual water in the drainage pad 54, accelerating the collection of leaking water into the water collection chamber 53 through the inlet hole 56 → axial pipe 55 → drip pipe 57. This significantly shortens the drainage response time and is particularly suitable for flat slopes or slow seepage conditions, greatly improving the system's adaptability and reliability in complex environments.

[0066] In this application, the electrical connections and control logic between the main controller and components such as the water pump 602 and the level sensor 510 (e.g., when any level sensor 510 detects that the water level exceeds a preset threshold, the main controller starts the water pump 602 to drain water) are all within the scope of existing technology. The specific circuit structure can be implemented using a conventional PLC controller, microcontroller, or intelligent building control system. Its signal acquisition, logic judgment, and execution output functions are well known to those skilled in the art and can be implemented without additional explanation.

[0067] The working principle of the above embodiments is as follows:

[0068] The concrete base slab 2 and the waterproof membrane 51 laid on its surface form a double waterproof barrier, effectively preventing groundwater from seeping upwards. When a small amount of groundwater breaks through the barrier due to structural micro-cracks, construction joints, or material aging, the water will not enter the room but will remain in the structural layer above the waterproof membrane 51.

[0069] At this time, the drainage pad 54 covering the filling layer 52 quickly captures the seepage water due to its high porosity; the seepage water enters the pipe through the water inlet holes 56 evenly opened on the outer wall of the axial pipe 55 (including mutually perpendicular X pipe and Y pipe) embedded inside the drainage pad 54, and under the guidance of the axial pipe 55 being set with a slope of not less than 1% towards the water collection cavity 53, it flows by gravity to the connection between the axial pipe 55 and the drip pipe 57 and collects; then, the seepage water flows into the corresponding water collection cavity 53 below through the vertically set drip pipe 57. The drip pipe 57 is connected to the water collection cavity 53 through the connector 58, and the bottom end of the connector 58 is fixed with a filter screen A59 to intercept mud and sand impurities and prevent subsequent pipe blockage.

[0070] Each water collection chamber 53 is equipped with a liquid level sensor 510 to monitor the water level in real time and transmit the signal to the main controller. When the water level in any water collection chamber 53 reaches the set threshold, the main controller starts the water pump 602 in the extraction mechanism 6. The water is then transported to the collection chamber 53 by multiple diversion pipes 606, which are connected to the manifold 605 at the other end. The water is then pumped to the storage tank 601 in the machine room by the pumping pipe 604 (which is fitted with a one-way valve 607 to prevent backflow). Finally, the water is discharged to the outdoor drainage system by the storage pipe 603. The exhaust pipe 608 is connected to the top of the storage tank 601 to release the gas in the tank and maintain normal drainage pressure.

[0071] Crucially, before the water pump 602 starts, the micro negative pressure generating device integrated in the manifold 605 can apply a brief negative pressure to the diversion pipe 606 and the water collection chamber 53, actively accelerating the collection efficiency of residual water in the drainage pad 54 through the path of water inlet 56 → axial pipe 55 → drip pipe 57 to the water collection chamber 53.

[0072] The entire system, through the coordinated action of the concrete base slab 2, waterproof membrane 51, drainage pad 54, axial pipe 55, water collection chamber 53, liquid level sensor 510, extraction mechanism 6 and its various sub-components, achieves an integrated intelligent anti-leakage function of "blocking-guiding-draining-monitoring-control", significantly improving the waterproof reliability, response speed and long-term durability of the basement.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0074] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waterproof structure for basements in building construction, comprising a cushion layer (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the cushion layer (1) is rigidly cast with a concrete base plate (2), and a permeable concrete layer (3) is provided on the upper side of the concrete base plate (2). A decorative panel (4) is flexibly bonded to the upper surface of the permeable concrete layer (3). A seepage prevention mechanism (5) is provided between the concrete base slab (2) and the permeable concrete layer (3) to prevent groundwater leakage, and an extraction mechanism (6) is provided on the decorative panel (4). The seepage prevention mechanism (5) includes the following: Waterproof membrane (51): It is laid on the upper surface of the concrete base slab (2); Infill layer (52): It partially fills the space above the concrete base slab (2); Water collection cavity (53): It is located in the gap filled by the filling layer (52), and there are no fewer than two of them; Drainage pad (54): It covers and overlaps the upper side of the filling layer (52) and is connected to the waterproof membrane (51) through the water collection cavity (53); Axial pipes (55): There are no fewer than two of them, both of which are built into the drain pad (54); Water inlet (56): There are no fewer than two inlet holes, which are equally spaced on the outside of the axial pipe (55); Drip pipe (57): There are no fewer than two of them and they are vertically arranged, with one end extending into the water collection cavity (53) and the other end connected to the axial pipe (55); Connector (58): It is hollow inside and open at both ends, and is connected to the inner wall of the drip pipe (57) by a threaded connection. Filter screen A (59): It is fixed at the bottom of the connector (58) and faces the water collection chamber (53); The filling layer (52) is composed of dry fine sand and lightweight ceramic particles. It only fills the area around the water collection cavity (53) and does not cover the entire surface of the waterproof membrane (51) in order to maintain the permeable gap between the bottom of the drainage pad (54) and the waterproof membrane (51).

2. The anti-seepage structure for basements in building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-leakage mechanism (5) also includes a liquid level sensor (510) fixed in each of the water collection chambers (53), the number of which is equal to the number of water collection chambers (53).

3. The anti-seepage structure for basements in building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial pipe (55) includes an X pipe and a Y pipe, which are arranged perpendicularly to each other, and multiple drip pipes (57) are connected and fixed at the connection between the X pipe and the Y pipe.

4. A waterproof structure for basements in building construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The machine room is located in the upper space of the decorative panel (4), and the extraction mechanism (6) for extracting the permeable water is located in the machine room. It includes a water storage tank (601), a water pump (602), a water storage pipe (603), and a water extraction pipe (604). The water storage tank (601) is located in the machine room and placed on the decorative panel (4). The water storage pipe (603) is connected and fixed to the outlet end of the water pump (602), and the other end is connected and fixed to the water storage tank (601). The water extraction pipe (604) is connected and fixed to the inlet end of the water pump (602).

5. A waterproof structure for basements in building construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extraction mechanism (6) further includes a manifold (605) and a branch pipe (606). The number of branch pipes (606) is equal to the number of water collection chambers (53), and one end extends into the interior of the water collection chamber (53), while the other end is fixed to the same manifold (605). The other end of the pumping pipe (604) is connected and fixed to the manifold (605), and a one-way valve (607) is sleeved on the outside of the pumping pipe (604).

6. A waterproof structure for basements in building construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water pump (602) and multiple liquid level sensors (510) are all electrically connected to a main controller, and the top of the water storage tank (601) is connected to and fixed with an exhaust pipe (608).

7. A waterproof structure for basements in building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the concrete base plate (2) is coated with a microcapsule self-healing coating, which is located between the concrete base plate (2) and the waterproof membrane (51). The coating contains microcapsules containing repair monomers and is used to release repair agents and polymerize to seal cracks.

8. A waterproof structure for basements in building construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The X and Y pipes are laid horizontally as a whole, and are set with a slope of not less than 1% toward their respective water collection chambers (53) so that the seepage water flows into the drip pipe (57) by gravity. The filter screen B is detachably fixed inside the diversion pipe (606).

9. A waterproof structure for basements in building construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The manifold (605) is equipped with a micro negative pressure generating device, which is electrically connected to the main controller. It is used to apply a short negative pressure to each branch pipe (606) and the water collection chamber (53) before the water pump (602) is started, so as to accelerate the collection of leaking water from the drain pad (54) through the axial pipe (55) and the drip pipe (57) to the water collection chamber (53).

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