Intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil nutrient intelligent estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification, and relates to the technical field of soil assessment, the soil nutrient intelligent estimation system comprises an intelligent assessor, the intelligent assessor further comprises a hyperspectral image acquisition module, a spectral feature extraction module, a model training and inversion module and a ground verification module, the hyperspectral image acquisition module is used for acquiring and processing data of spectral images and judging the data, and the spectral feature extraction module is used for extracting spectral features in the hyperspectral image acquisition module, so that analysis and evaluation of a plurality of soil samples can be conveniently carried out at one time, the interval operation time of feeding and discharging is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved. The working efficiency is effectively improved, the samples can be conveniently pushed into and out of the intelligent evaluator, and the labor amount of manual pushing is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of soil evaluation, in particular to an intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification. BACKGROUND

[0002] The intelligent soil nutrient estimation based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification is realized by fusing air-based hyperspectral remote sensing data, ground measured data and artificial intelligence algorithms to realize rapid and accurate spatial estimation of soil nutrient content. The system takes hyperspectral remote sensing technology as the core, utilizes the spectral reflection characteristic differences of soil on electromagnetic waves in the visible light to short wave infrared band, combines ground verification data to correct the model, breaks through the limitations of traditional soil sampling, provides technical support for precision agriculture, adopts an "air-ground cooperation" data acquisition mode, integrates a hyperspectral sensor carried by a UAV and a field Internet of Things monitoring node, and extracts spectral feature parameters related to nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) by capturing continuous spectral information of soil in hundreds of narrow bands. The measured nutrient data of the synchronous soil sample are obtained by a portable spectrometer or laboratory analysis for model training and verification. Multiple soil samples need to be collected and analyzed on the ground, and then compared with the data of the hyperspectral remote sensing to estimate. However, at present, a large number of samples need to be analyzed, most of the analysis equipment can only analyze and detect one sample at a time, and the sample placing, feeding and removing operations need to be repeated multiple times, which causes time waste and reduces work efficiency. Therefore, the application provides an intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification to meet the needs of people. SUMMARY

[0003] The application provides an intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification, which can effectively solve the problem of a large number of samples, most of the analysis equipment can only analyze and detect one sample at a time, and the sample placing, feeding and removing operations need to be repeated multiple times, which causes time waste and reduces work efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme: an intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification, comprising an intelligent evaluator, wherein the intelligent evaluator is internally provided with a control module, the control module analyzes external operation instructions to generate control tasks corresponding to the system running process; The running state signal is sampled and logically judged, the control signal is generated based on the preset control logic, and the control signal is sequentially output according to the preset time sequence; When an abnormal state is detected, a preset fault handling strategy is executed; The control module is configured to have state interlocking control logic, which prohibits the execution of the corresponding control task when it is detected that the system is not in a preset safe state; The control module is also configured to have an exception protection and recovery function, which automatically enters a protection mode when a communication exception, a running timeout or a control conflict is detected, and re-establishes the control logic according to a preset recovery process after the exception is resolved, so as to ensure the stability and continuity of system operation; the ZY02D / ZY02E / GF5 hyperspectral image data transmitted by the Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources is combined with the ground ASD spectrometer measured spectrum data, and a soil information quantitative inversion model with strong generalization ability is constructed through the quantitative relationship between the spectral characteristics of the hyperspectral image data and the soil nutrients.

[0005] According to the above technical scheme, the intelligent evaluator further includes a hyperspectral image acquisition module, a spectral feature extraction module, a model training and inversion module, and a ground verification module, The hyperspectral image acquisition module collects and processes the data of the spectral image, and simultaneously judges; The spectral feature extraction module extracts the spectral features in the hyperspectral image acquisition module; The model training and inversion module intelligently estimates the spatial distribution of soil nutrients, and dynamically corrects the model through ground measured data; The ground verification module establishes the quantitative relationship between the soil nutrient content and the spectral characteristics through regional hyperspectral remote sensing data combined with ground sampling and laboratory analysis results.

[0006] According to the above technical scheme, one end of the intelligent evaluator is provided with an intelligent analysis computer, one end of the surface of the intelligent evaluator is movably provided with a transparent protective door, and the bottom of the intelligent evaluator is provided with a multi-station operation mechanism; The multi-station operation mechanism includes a conveying frame; The bottom end of the intelligent evaluator is provided with a conveying frame, the middle part of the conveying frame is rotatably provided with a conveying screw rod, and one end of the conveying frame is provided with a conveying motor; The middle part of the conveying frame is slidably provided with a conveying moving block, the top end of the conveying moving block is fixedly connected with a moving plate, the top end of the moving plate is provided with a placing plate, and the top end of the placing plate is equidistantly provided with a partition strip plate; One side of the side part of the intelligent evaluator is provided with an L-shaped fixing frame, the middle part of the L-shaped fixing frame is equidistantly provided with an electric telescopic rod, the end part of the electric telescopic rod is connected with a mounting plate, one end of the mounting plate is provided with an inclined pushing and scraping plate, and the top end of the L-shaped fixing frame is equidistantly provided with a starting controller.

[0007] According to the technical scheme, the bottom of the intelligent evaluator is provided with a long slot, the top of the conveying moving block is movably penetrated through the long slot, the moving plate and the storage plate are located inside the intelligent evaluator, and the bottom end of the moving plate is attached to the bottom end inside the intelligent evaluator.

[0008] According to the technical scheme, the bottom end of the moving plate is symmetrically provided with a splicing clamping groove, and the bottom end inside the intelligent evaluator is symmetrically provided with a splicing clamping strip at the corresponding position of the moving plate. The middle part of the installation plate is provided with an installation strip hole, the middle part of the installation strip hole is provided with a fixed plate, the both ends of the fixed plate are provided with installation bolts, and the bottom end of the fixed plate is provided with a cleaning brush. One end of the top of the installation plate is provided with a limiting block, the top of the L-shaped fixing frame is equidistantly provided with a guide round rod, one end of the bottom of the L-shaped fixing frame is fixedly connected with a swing frame, and one end of the surface wall of the intelligent evaluator is connected with a positioning shaft.

[0009] According to the technical scheme, the two splicing clamping strips are movably embedded in the interiors of the two splicing clamping grooves, and the moving plate and the intelligent evaluator are connected through the splicing clamping groove and the splicing clamping strip.

[0010] According to the technical scheme, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the installation plate through the installation bolts, and the bottom end of the cleaning brush is lower than the horizontal plane height of the bottom end of the inclined pushing and scraping plate. The guide round rod is movably penetrated through the limiting block, and the positioning shaft and the swing frame are rotationally connected.

[0011] According to the technical scheme, the top of the intelligent evaluator is provided with a step-by-step adjusting mechanism. The step-by-step adjusting mechanism comprises an installation box. One end of the top of the intelligent evaluator is provided with an installation box, the middle part of the installation box is provided with an adjusting screw rod, the inside of the installation box is embedded with a transposition sliding block, and the bottom end of the transposition sliding block is fixedly connected with a spectrum analyzer. One end of the adjusting screw rod is fixedly connected with a transmission gear, the back of the intelligent evaluator is provided with a fixed box at the corresponding position of the installation box, the inside of the fixed box is provided with a driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly provided with an incomplete driving gear, and the surface wall of the fixed box is provided with a timing controller. The top of the installation box is provided with a guide long slot, the top of the transposition sliding block is fixedly connected with a triangular positioning block, the top of the installation box is equidistantly provided with a position comparison block at the position on one side of the guide long slot, and one side wall of the intelligent evaluator is provided with a transparent observation plate.

[0012] According to the above technical scheme, the adjusting screw is movably penetrated into the transposition slider, the adjusting screw and the transposition slider are connected through threads, the bottom end of the transposition slider extends to the inside of the intelligent evaluator, and the spectrum analyzer is located above the placement plate.

[0013] According to the above technical scheme, the transmission gear is located directly above the incomplete drive gear, the transmission gear and the incomplete drive gear are engaged with each other, and the timing controller is connected with the driving motor through an external controller.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the advantages of scientific and reasonable structure, safe and convenient use, and the like. 1. The multi-station operation mechanism is provided, the top of the placement plate is equally divided into multiple analysis operation stations by the partition strip, the analysis and evaluation of multiple sample soils can be carried out at one time, the interval operation time of feeding and discharging is reduced, the work efficiency is effectively improved, the conveying screw and the conveying motor are matched with each other to achieve the conveying and moving effect of the placement plate, the sample can be conveniently pushed into the inside of the intelligent evaluator and pushed out, and the labor amount of manual pushing is reduced. Meanwhile, the electric telescopic rod and the mounting plate are matched with each other, the position of the inclined pushing scraper is adjusted, the inclined pushing scraper is moved to the top of the placement plate after soil analysis, the sample is pushed and discharged, the discharging operation is more quick and convenient, the starting controller is one-to-one corresponding to the electric telescopic rod, the corresponding electric telescopic rod is controlled according to the position and quantity of the sample, and the resource waste caused by useless work is reduced.

[0015] 2. The cleaning brush moves behind the inclined pushing scraper to clean the top end of the placement plate after the sample is pushed by the inclined pushing scraper, the double pushing and cleaning effectively improve the cleaning efficiency, prevent soil dust from being left on the top end of the placement plate to cause dirt or affect the analysis and evaluation of subsequent other samples, the fixed plate and the mounting bolt are matched with each other to fix and install the cleaning brush, the installation and dismounting mode of the cleaning brush is simple, and the worn cleaning brush can be conveniently replaced. Meanwhile, the limiting block and the guide round rod are matched with each other to relieve the pressure of the electric telescopic rod caused by the idle installation plate, the inclined pushing scraper and the like, and play a guiding and limiting role, so that the running track of the inclined pushing scraper and the cleaning brush is more stable, and the swing frame and the positioning shaft are matched with each other, so that the L-shaped fixing frame can rotate around the positioning shaft to rotate and store the L-shaped fixing frame to one side of the wall of the intelligent evaluator in the idle process, so that the L-shaped fixing frame does not need to occupy too much space in the stretched state.

[0016] 3. It is equipped with a step-by-step adjustment mechanism, which uses the adjustment screw and the shifting slider to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the spectrometer, so that the spectrometer can be moved sequentially above the soil sample for spectral irradiation analysis; Simultaneously, the drive motor and the partially driven gear work together to regularly mesh with the transmission gear and drive its rotation, which regularly controls the adjusting screw, ensuring that it moves the same distance after each regular rotation of a certain number of revolutions. This corresponds to the positions of multiple soil samples separated by the dividing strip, allowing multiple samples to be evaluated and analyzed sequentially, making the operation more convenient.

[0017] 4. The triangular positioning block and the position comparison block work together to mark the positions of the transposition slider and the spectrometer, providing auxiliary reference for staff to grasp the location of the spectrometer and preventing errors in the overall analysis process caused by misalignment of the spectrometer. At the same time, the transparent observation plate on the side can be used to observe and compare the position of the soil sample, reducing displacement errors and making the overall analysis and evaluation more accurate.

[0018] In summary, by combining the multi-station operating mechanism and the step-by-step adjustment mechanism, multiple soil samples can be placed simultaneously for analysis and evaluation. The spectrometer will also synchronously change its position to correspond sequentially with the positions of the multiple soil samples, enabling efficient and smooth multi-analysis operations and effectively improving overall work efficiency and the accuracy of sample data analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0020] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the conveyor motor of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the conveyor frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the spectrometer of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the partition strip of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-station operating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cleaning brush of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the step-by-step adjustment mechanism of the present invention; The diagram is labeled: 1. Intelligent evaluator; 2. Intelligent analysis computer; 3. Transparent protective door. 4. Multi-station operating mechanism; 401. Conveyor frame; 402. Conveyor screw; 403. Conveyor motor; 404. Conveyor moving block; 405. Moving plate; 406. Storage plate; 407. Divider strip; 408. L-shaped fixing frame; 409. Electric telescopic rod; 410. Mounting plate; 411. Inclined pushing scraper; 412. Starter controller; 413. Splicing slot; 414. Splicing strip; 415. Mounting strip hole; 416. Fixing plate; 417. Mounting bolt; 418. Cleaning brush; 419. Limit block; 420. Guide rod; 421. Swing frame; 422. Positioning shaft; 5. Step-by-step adjustment mechanism; 501. Mounting box; 502. Adjusting screw; 503. Shifting slider; 504. Spectrometer; 505. Transmission gear; 506. Fixing box; 507. Drive motor; 508. Incomplete drive gear; 509. Timer controller; 510. Guide groove; 511. Triangular positioning block; 512. Position comparison block; 513. Transparent observation plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Example: Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, a soil nutrient intelligent estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification, including an intelligent evaluator 1, characterized in that: the intelligent evaluator 1 is internally equipped with a control module, which parses external operation commands and generates control tasks corresponding to the system operation process; The system samples and performs logical judgments on the operating status signals, generates control signals based on preset control logic, and outputs the control signals sequentially according to a preset timing sequence. When an abnormal state is detected, a preset fault handling strategy is executed; The control module is configured with state interlock control logic, which prohibits the execution of corresponding control tasks when the system is detected to be not in a preset safe state. The control module is also configured to have anomaly protection and recovery functions. When communication anomalies, running timeouts or control conflicts are detected, it automatically enters protection mode and re-establishes control logic according to the preset recovery process after the anomaly is resolved, so as to ensure the stability and continuity of system operation. By combining ZY02D / ZY02E / GF5 hyperspectral image data launched by the Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources with measured spectral data from a ground-based ASD spectrometer, a quantitative soil information inversion model with strong generalization ability is constructed based on the quantitative relationship between the spectral characteristics of the hyperspectral image data and soil nutrients.

[0023] Furthermore, the intelligent evaluator 1 also includes a hyperspectral image acquisition module, a spectral feature extraction module, a model training and inversion module, and a ground validation module. The hyperspectral image acquisition module acquires and processes spectral image data, and simultaneously makes judgments. The spectral feature extraction module extracts spectral features from the hyperspectral image acquisition module; The model training and inversion module intelligently estimates the spatial distribution of soil nutrients and dynamically corrects the model using ground-based measured data. The ground validation module establishes a quantitative relationship between soil nutrient content and spectral characteristics by combining regional hyperspectral remote sensing data with ground sampling and laboratory analysis results.

[0024] One end of the intelligent evaluator 1 is equipped with an intelligent analysis computer 2, one end of the surface of the intelligent evaluator 1 is movably equipped with a transparent protective door 3, and the bottom of the intelligent evaluator 1 is equipped with a multi-station operating mechanism 4. The multi-station operating mechanism 4 includes a conveyor frame 401, a conveyor screw 402, a conveyor motor 403, a conveyor moving block 404, a moving plate 405, a storage plate 406, a partition strip 407, an L-shaped fixing frame 408, an electric telescopic rod 409, a mounting plate 410, an inclined pushing scraper 411, a start controller 412, a splicing slot 413, a splicing strip 414, a mounting strip hole 415, a fixing plate 416, mounting bolts 417, a cleaning brush 418, a limit block 419, a guide rod 420, a swing frame 421, and a positioning shaft 422. The bottom of the intelligent evaluator 1 is equipped with a conveyor frame 401, a conveyor screw 402 is rotatably installed in the middle of the conveyor frame 401, and a conveyor motor 403 is installed at one end of the conveyor frame 401. A conveying moving block 404 is slidably installed in the middle of the conveying frame 401. A moving plate 405 is fixedly connected to the top of the conveying moving block 404. A shelf 406 is installed on the top of the moving plate 405. Dividing strips 407 are installed at equal intervals on the top of the shelf 406. One end of the conveying screw 402 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the conveying motor 403. The conveying screw 402 moves through the conveying moving block 404. The conveying screw 402 and the conveying moving block 404 are connected by threads. A long groove is opened at the bottom of the intelligent evaluator 1. The top of the conveying moving block 404 moves through the long groove. The moving plate 405 and the shelf 406 are both located inside the intelligent evaluator 1. The bottom end of the moving plate 405 is attached to the bottom end inside the intelligent evaluator 1. An L-shaped bracket 408 is installed on one side of the intelligent evaluator 1. Electric telescopic rods 409 are equidistantly installed in the middle of the L-shaped bracket 408. A mounting plate 410 is connected to the end of each electric telescopic rod 409. An inclined pushing scraper 411 is installed at one end of the mounting plate 410. Start controllers 412 are equidistantly installed at the top of the L-shaped bracket 408. The number of electric telescopic rods 409 and start controllers 412 is the same. The start controllers 412 are connected to the electric telescopic rods 409 via an external controller. The bottom end of the inclined pushing scraper 411 is connected to the top end of the placement plate 406. Located at the same horizontal plane height, the width of the inclined pusher scraper 411 is the same as the spacing between two adjacent partition plates 407. The partition plates 407 divide the top of the placement plate 406 into multiple analysis operation stations at equal intervals, which facilitates the analysis and evaluation of multiple soil samples at one time, reduces the interval operation time between loading and unloading, and effectively improves work efficiency. In addition, the conveying screw 402 and the conveying motor 403 work together to move the placement plate 406, which facilitates pushing the samples into and out of the intelligent evaluator 1, reducing the amount of manual pushing labor. Meanwhile, the electric telescopic rod 409 and the mounting plate 410 work together to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the inclined pushing scraper 411, so that it can move to the top of the placement plate 406 after the soil analysis is completed, and push the placed sample to discharge. The unloading operation is faster and more convenient. The start controller 412 corresponds one-to-one with the electric telescopic rod 409, and controls the operation of the corresponding electric telescopic rod 409 according to the position and quantity of the sample, reducing the waste of resources caused by useless work. The bottom of the mobile tablet 405 is symmetrically provided with splicing slots 413. The bottom of the intelligent evaluator 1 is symmetrically installed with splicing strips 414 at the corresponding positions of the mobile tablet 405. The two splicing strips 414 are respectively movably embedded into the two splicing slots 413. The mobile tablet 405 and the intelligent evaluator 1 are connected by the splicing slots 413 and the splicing strips 414 in a sliding fit. The mounting plate 410 has a mounting slot 415 in the middle, and a fixing plate 416 is installed in the middle of the mounting slot 415. Mounting bolts 417 are installed at both ends of the fixing plate 416, and a cleaning brush 418 is installed at the bottom of the fixing plate 416. The fixing plate 416 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 410 by the mounting bolts 417. The bottom horizontal plane of the cleaning brush 418 is lower than the bottom horizontal plane of the inclined pusher scraper 411. A limiting block 419 is installed at one end of the top of the mounting plate 410. Guide rods 420 are equidistantly installed on the top of the L-shaped fixing frame 408. A swing frame 421 is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the L-shaped fixing frame 408. A positioning shaft 422 is connected to one end of the surface wall of the intelligent evaluator 1. The guide rods 420 move through the limiting block 419. The positioning shaft 422 and the swing frame 421 are rotatably connected. The cleaning brush 418 moves behind the inclined pushing scraper 411 to clean the top of the placement plate 406 after the inclined pushing scraper 411 pushes the material. The double pushing and cleaning effectively improves the cleaning efficiency and prevents soil and dust residue from remaining on the top of the placement plate 406, which may cause dirt or affect the analysis and evaluation of other samples. The fixing plate 416 and the mounting bolts 417 cooperate to fix the cleaning brush 418, making the installation and disassembly of the cleaning brush 418 simple and convenient for subsequent replacement of worn cleaning brush 418. Meanwhile, the limiting block 419 and the guide rod 420 work together to relieve the pressure on the electric telescopic rod 409 when the plate 410 and the inclined pusher scraper 411 are installed when idle, and also play a guiding and limiting role, making the trajectory of the inclined pusher scraper 411 and the cleaning brush 418 more stable. In addition, the swing frame 421 and the positioning shaft 422 work together to allow the L-shaped fixing frame 408 to rotate around the positioning shaft 422, so that the L-shaped fixing frame 408 can be rotated and stored to one side of the surface wall of the intelligent evaluator 1 when idle, preventing it from occupying too much space when it is in the extended state. The intelligent evaluator 1 is equipped with a step-by-step adjustment mechanism 5 on its top; The step-by-step adjustment mechanism 5 includes a mounting box 501, an adjusting screw 502, a shifting slider 503, a spectrum analyzer 504, a transmission gear 505, a fixing box 506, a drive motor 507, an incomplete drive gear 508, a timing controller 509, a guide groove 510, a triangular positioning block 511, a position comparison block 512, and a transparent observation plate 513. A mounting box 501 is installed at one end of the top of the intelligent evaluator 1. An adjusting screw 502 is installed in the middle of the mounting box 501. A shifting slider 503 is embedded inside the mounting box 501. A spectrometer 504 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shifting slider 503. The adjusting screw 502 moves through the shifting slider 503. The adjusting screw 502 and the shifting slider 503 are connected by a thread. The bottom end of the shifting slider 503 extends into the interior of the intelligent evaluator 1. The spectrometer 504 is located above the shelf 406. One end of the adjusting screw 502 is fixedly connected to a transmission gear 505. A fixed box 506 is installed on the back of the intelligent evaluator 1 at a position corresponding to the mounting box 501. A drive motor 507 is installed inside the fixed box 506. An incomplete drive gear 508 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 507. A timer controller 509 is installed on the surface wall of the fixed box 506. The transmission gear 505 is located directly above the incomplete drive gear 508. The transmission gear 505 and the incomplete drive gear 508 mesh with each other. The timer controller 509 is connected to the drive motor 507 through an external controller. The adjusting screw 502 and the shifting slider 503 work together to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the spectrometer 504, so that the spectrometer 504 can move sequentially above the sample soil for spectral irradiation analysis. At the same time, the drive motor 507 and the incomplete drive gear 508 cooperate with each other to regularly mesh with the transmission gear 505 and drive it to rotate. This regularly controls the adjusting screw 502, so that it moves the same distance after each regular rotation of a certain number of times. This corresponds to the positions of multiple soil samples separated by the dividing strip 407, so that multiple samples can be evaluated and analyzed in sequence, making the operation more convenient. The top of the mounting box 501 is provided with a guide groove 510. The top of the transposition slider 503 is fixedly connected with a triangular positioning block 511. Position comparison blocks 512 are equidistantly installed on the top of the mounting box 501 at one side of the guide groove 510. A transparent observation plate 513 is installed on one side wall of the intelligent evaluator 1. The triangular positioning block 511 and the position comparison block 512 work together to mark the positions of the transposition slider 503 and the spectrometer 504, providing auxiliary reference for staff to grasp the position of the spectrometer 504 and preventing the spectrometer 504 from moving and causing errors in the overall analysis process. At the same time, the transparent observation plate 513 on the side can be used to observe and compare the position of the soil sample, reduce displacement errors, and make the overall analysis and evaluation more accurate.

[0025] The working principle and usage process of this invention are as follows: First, the staff opens the transparent protective door 3 and starts the conveyor motor 403, which drives the conveyor screw 402 to rotate clockwise, which pushes and moves the conveyor moving block 404, so that the moving plate 405 and the placement plate 406 extend out of the intelligent evaluator 1. The splicing strip 414 and the splicing slot 413 cooperate with each other to guide and stabilize the movement of the moving plate 405, thereby improving the stability of the movement. The dividing strip 407 divides the top position of the placement plate 406 at equal intervals. The staff takes multiple soil samples and places them in the multiple spaces divided by the dividing strip 407. The staff started the conveyor motor 403 again, which drove the conveyor screw 402 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby moving the moving plate 405 and the placement plate 406 in the opposite direction and entering the interior of the intelligent evaluator 1. The transparent protective door 3 was closed. The initial position of the spectrometer 504 was directly above the placement plate 406 near the transparent protective door 3. The position of the spectrometer 504 was adjusted according to the number and position of the soil samples placed on the placement plate 406. If there is a soil sample near the transparent protective door 3 on the shelf 406, the spectrometer 504 can be started directly for spectrometer analysis. If no sample is placed in this position, the drive motor 507 will be started, and the timer controller 509 will control the running time of the drive motor 507. The drive motor 507 will drive the incomplete drive gear 508 to rotate at a time, so that it meshes with the transmission gear 505, pushing the transmission gear 505 and the adjusting screw 502 to rotate. The incomplete drive gear 508 rotates for the same time each time, and the number of rotations of the transmission gear 505 is also the same each time, so that the moving distance of the shift slider 503 and the spectrometer 504 is also the same. It moves backward from the initial position, accurately aligning with the position of each soil sample, and analyzing and evaluating multiple samples in sequence. The triangular positioning block 511 moves with the spectrometer 504. By comparing its position with the position comparison block 512, the staff can accurately observe the accuracy of the movement position of the spectrometer 504 from the outside. Each analysis and evaluation result is sent to the intelligent analysis computer 2 for comparison and analysis with the data obtained from hyperspectral remote sensing. After multiple evaluations are completed, the transparent protective door 3 is opened, and the conveyor motor 403 drives the conveyor screw 402 to rotate clockwise, so that the moving plate 405 and the shelf 406 are moved out of the intelligent evaluator 1 until they correspond to the positions of the L-shaped fixed frame 408. Based on the quantity and location of the soil samples, the staff activates the corresponding electric telescopic rod 409 via the start controller 412 at the corresponding location. This causes the electric telescopic rod 409 to extend forward, pushing the mounting plate 410 forward. The tilting pusher scraper 411 and the cleaning brush 418 move forward simultaneously. The tilting pusher scraper 411 pushes the soil samples, removing them from the surface of the placement plate 406. The staff has placed the sample collection container under the moving plate 405 in advance, so that the samples are pushed into the collection container. The cleaning brush 418 further cleans the surface of the placement plate 406, removing residual soil dust and improving cleaning efficiency. Then the electric telescopic rod 409 retracts backward, causing the inclined pushing scraper 411 and cleaning brush 418 to return to their original positions. The guide rod 420 moves through the limiting block 419, supporting the mounting plate 410 and preventing the inclined pushing scraper 411 and mounting plate 410 from being suspended for a long time when idle, thus preventing pressure on the end of the electric telescopic rod 409. If evaluation is not required, the L-shaped fixing frame 408 and swing frame 421 can be pushed to rotate around the positioning axis 422, so that the L-shaped fixing frame 408 rotates and is stored and attached to one end of the surface wall of the intelligent evaluator 1, reducing the space occupied.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil nutrient intelligent estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification, comprising an intelligent estimator (1), characterized in that: The intelligent evaluator (1) is equipped with a control module. The control module parses external operation instructions and generates control tasks corresponding to the system operation process. The system samples and performs logical judgments on the operating status signals, generates the control signals based on preset control logic, and outputs the control signals sequentially according to a preset timing sequence. When an abnormal state is detected, a preset fault handling strategy is executed; The control module is configured to have state interlock control logic, which prohibits the execution of corresponding control tasks when the system is detected to be not in a preset safe state. The control module is also configured to have anomaly protection and recovery functions. When a communication anomaly, running timeout or control conflict is detected, it automatically enters protection mode and re-establishes the control logic according to the preset recovery process after the anomaly is resolved, so as to ensure the stability and continuity of system operation. By combining ZY02D / ZY02E / GF5 hyperspectral image data launched by the Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources with measured spectral data from a ground-based ASD spectrometer, a quantitative soil information inversion model with strong generalization ability is constructed based on the quantitative relationship between the spectral characteristics of the hyperspectral image data and soil nutrients.

2. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent evaluator (1) also includes a hyperspectral image acquisition module, a spectral feature extraction module, a model training and inversion module, and a ground verification module. The hyperspectral image acquisition module acquires and processes spectral image data, and simultaneously makes judgments. The spectral feature extraction module extracts spectral features from the hyperspectral image acquisition module; The model training and inversion module intelligently estimates the spatial distribution of soil nutrients and dynamically corrects the model using ground-based measured data. The ground validation module establishes a quantitative relationship between soil nutrient content and spectral characteristics by combining regional hyperspectral remote sensing data with ground sampling and laboratory analysis results.

3. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the intelligent evaluator (1) is equipped with an intelligent analysis computer (2), one end of the surface of the intelligent evaluator (1) is movably equipped with a transparent protective door (3), and the bottom of the intelligent evaluator (1) is equipped with a multi-station operating mechanism (4). The multi-station operating mechanism (4) includes a conveyor frame (401); The intelligent evaluator (1) is equipped with a conveyor frame (401) at its bottom end, a conveyor screw (402) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the conveyor frame (401), and a conveyor motor (403) is mounted at one end of the conveyor frame (401). A conveying moving block (404) is slidably installed in the middle of the conveying frame (401), and a moving plate (405) is fixedly connected to the top of the conveying moving block (404). A shelf (406) is installed on the top of the moving plate (405), and partition strips (407) are installed at equal intervals on the top of the shelf (406). An L-shaped bracket (408) is installed on one side of the edge of the intelligent evaluator (1). An electric telescopic rod (409) is installed at equal intervals in the middle of the L-shaped bracket (408). An installation plate (410) is connected to the end of the electric telescopic rod (409). An inclined pusher scraper (411) is installed at one end of the installation plate (410). A starter controller (412) is installed at equal intervals at the top of the L-shaped bracket (408).

4. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the intelligent evaluator (1) is provided with a long groove, and the top of the conveying moving block (404) moves through the long groove. The moving plate (405) and the placement plate (406) are both located inside the intelligent evaluator (1), and the bottom of the moving plate (405) is attached to the bottom of the intelligent evaluator (1).

5. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the mobile tablet (405) is symmetrically provided with splicing slots (413), and the bottom of the intelligent evaluator (1) is symmetrically provided with splicing strips (414) at the corresponding positions of the mobile tablet (405). The mounting plate (410) has a mounting slot (415) in the middle, a fixing plate (416) is installed in the middle of the mounting slot (415), mounting bolts (417) are installed at both ends of the fixing plate (416), and a cleaning brush (418) is installed at the bottom end of the fixing plate (416). A limit block (419) is installed at one end of the top of the mounting plate (410), and guide rods (420) are installed at equal intervals on the top of the L-shaped fixing frame (408). A swing frame (421) is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the L-shaped fixing frame (408), and a positioning shaft (422) is connected to one end of the surface wall of the intelligent evaluator (1).

6. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two splicing strips (414) are respectively movably embedded inside the two splicing slots (413), and the mobile tablet (405) and the intelligent evaluator (1) are connected by the splicing slots (413) and the splicing strips (414).

7. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed plate (416) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (410) by mounting bolts (417), and the bottom horizontal plane of the cleaning brush (418) is lower than the bottom horizontal plane of the inclined pushing scraper (411). The guide rod (420) is movably inserted through the limiting block (419), and the positioning shaft (422) and the swing frame (421) are rotatably connected.

8. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent evaluator (1) is equipped with a step-by-step adjustment mechanism (5) on its top. The step-by-step adjustment mechanism (5) includes a mounting box (501); The intelligent evaluator (1) has a mounting box (501) installed at one end of its top. An adjusting screw (502) is installed in the middle of the mounting box (501). A shifting slider (503) is embedded inside the mounting box (501). A spectrometer (504) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shifting slider (503). One end of the adjusting screw (502) is fixedly connected to a transmission gear (505). A fixed box (506) is installed on the back of the intelligent evaluator (1) at a position corresponding to the mounting box (501). A drive motor (507) is installed inside the fixed box (506). An incomplete drive gear (508) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the drive motor (507). A timer controller (509) is installed on the surface of the fixed box (506). The top of the mounting box (501) is provided with a guide groove (510), the top of the shift slider (503) is fixedly connected with a triangular positioning block (511), the top of the mounting box (501) is provided with a position comparison block (512) at equal intervals on one side of the guide groove (510), and a transparent observation plate (513) is installed on one side wall of the intelligent evaluator (1).

9. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adjusting screw (502) moves through the shifting slider (503), and the adjusting screw (502) and the shifting slider (503) are connected by a thread. The bottom end of the shifting slider (503) extends into the interior of the intelligent evaluator (1), and the spectrometer (504) is located above the shelf (406).

10. The intelligent soil nutrient estimation system based on hyperspectral remote sensing and ground verification according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission gear (505) is located directly above the incomplete drive gear (508), and the transmission gear (505) and the incomplete drive gear (508) mesh with each other. The timing controller (509) is connected to the drive motor (507) through an external controller.

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