Multi-element cooperative vegetation restoration and reconstruction method and application
By employing a multi-faceted and collaborative approach to vegetation restoration and reconstruction, combining sand fixation, water conservation, and fertilization techniques, and utilizing specific materials and structures, the problem of insufficient soil fertility in desertified land has been solved, achieving efficient vegetation restoration and enhanced stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511814001.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
The treatment of desertified land is not effective in improving soil fertility, which makes it difficult for plants to grow vigorously in the early stages and meet their continuous growth needs, further exacerbating the difficulty of desertification control.
A multi-faceted and synergistic approach to vegetation restoration and reconstruction was adopted, including sand fixation, water retention, and fertilization steps. Guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand fixation agent, hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica water retention agent, and compound organic fertilizer were used to form chemical sand fixation and physical barriers. Combined with grass checkerboard sand barriers, the soil organic matter content and nutrient supply capacity were improved.
It effectively improves vegetation restoration and stability, is suitable for various sandy environments, enhances sand fixation efficiency, meets the water requirements of plants during their key growth periods, and improves plant survival rate.
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Figure SMS_1
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular to a method and application for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation. Background Technology
[0002] Land desertification, a global land degradation crisis, primarily occurs in arid, semi-arid, and some semi-humid regions. Its core cause lies in excessive human development and the imbalance of ecosystems, typically manifested as large-scale, high-frequency wind and sand erosion. Currently, this ecological problem has evolved into a triple dilemma of ecological security, social stability, and economic development that urgently requires global collaborative solutions. It not only severely hinders regional ecological restoration but also poses a profound constraint on sustainable economic and social development.
[0003] Currently, the main strategy for desertification control is afforestation to prevent wind erosion and stabilize sand dunes. However, the unique continental climate characteristics of sandy areas, such as scarce annual rainfall, high evaporation, significant diurnal temperature variations, and strong winds, pose enormous challenges to the control efforts. As plants cycle through their lifespan on shifting sand dunes, the parent material gradually transforms into aeolian sand. This type of soil is coarse in texture, loose in structure, and has poor water and fertilizer retention capacity. Nitrogen and potassium are easily lost, while phosphorus, although less mobile, accumulates slowly, and organic matter also accumulates slowly, making it difficult to improve soil fertility. These characteristics mean that although plants can germinate and emerge in the early stages of growth, they struggle to thrive. Insufficient nutrients and organic matter in the soil cannot meet the needs of sustained plant growth, further exacerbating the difficulty of desertification control. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a method and application for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation.
[0005] This application provides a method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for multi-species collaborative vegetation restoration and reconstruction includes the following steps: S1. Sand fixation: Spray the sand fixation agent slurry onto the target planting area, mix it evenly with the sand to form a sand fixation agent layer, and set up grass checkerboard sand barriers on the windward slope to fix the sand fixation agent layer; S2. Water retention: Mix water-retaining agent and water at a mass ratio of (2-3):(97-98) to obtain a water-retaining agent mixture; spray the water-retaining agent mixture onto the sand-fixing layer to form a water-retaining agent layer; S3. Fertilization: Apply compound organic fertilizer to the surface of the water-retaining agent layer to increase the soil organic matter content and nutrient supply capacity; S4. Planting: Select suitable plants for planting. After planting, regularly check the growth of the vegetation and the soil moisture, and supplement water-retaining agents and compound organic fertilizers as needed. The sand-fixing agent slurry is composed of sand-fixing agent and water, and the mass ratio of sand-fixing agent to water is 1:(7-9). The sand-fixing agent is a guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent; The water-retaining agent includes hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica; the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica is (1-3):1.
[0006] Preferably, the compound organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts earthworm fertilizer, 15-20 parts biochar, 2-3 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-8 parts humic acid, 1-1.8 parts compound bacterial powder, 15-20 parts livestock and poultry manure, 0.25-0.5 parts zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.2 parts borax, and 0.05-0.1 parts manganese sulfate.
[0007] Preferably, the spraying rate of the sand-fixing agent slurry is 2-3 t / hm. 2 The spraying rate of the water-retaining agent mixture is 0.15-0.25 t / hm. 2 The application rate of the compound organic fertilizer is 0.5-0.7 t / hm. 2 .
[0008] Preferably, the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.9-2.7 parts guar gum, 25-75 parts water, 0.05-0.15 parts initiator, 3.2-9.6 parts acrylic acid, 4.6-13.8 parts sodium hydroxide solution, 0.42-1.26 parts bentonite, and 0.01-0.03 parts diethylenetriamine.
[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent includes the following steps: T1. By weight, add 0.9-2.7 parts of guar gum to 20-60 parts of water, stir and mix, heat to 70-80℃, and continue stirring for 1-2 hours to form a guar gum gelatinized liquid; T2. Add an initiator solution obtained by mixing 0.05-0.15 parts of initiator and 5-15 parts of water to the guar gum paste solution, and stir at 70-80℃ for 30-50 min, then cool to 50-60℃; add 3.2-9.6 parts of acrylic acid dropwise, and then add 4.6-13.8 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, and stir thoroughly for 20-40 min. T3. Add 0.42-1.26 parts of bentonite and 0.01-0.03 parts of diethylenetriamine to form a homogeneous mixed solution; under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 70-80℃ and continue the reaction at a constant temperature for 4-5 hours; dry the obtained product in an oven at 60-70℃ to constant weight to obtain guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent.
[0010] Preferably, the hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts paraformaldehyde powder, 1.1-2.5 parts potassium hydroxide, 13.3-20 parts urea, 220-330 parts water, 5-7.5 parts citric acid, and 14-21 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose.
[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the hydroxyethyl cellulose modified ureaaldehyde includes the following steps: E1. By weight, add 1.1-2.5 parts of potassium hydroxide to 10-15 parts of paraformaldehyde powder, then add 13.3-20 parts of urea, and react at 90-100℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain hydroxymethylurea; E2. Add the obtained hydroxymethylurea to a reaction extruder, mix with 10-15 parts water and 5-7.5 parts citric acid, and react at 60-70℃ for 15-30 min; then add 14-21 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose and 210-315 parts water, and react at 60-70℃ for 15-30 min. After the reaction is complete, extrude the mixture and dry it at 60-70℃ to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde.
[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing the fly ash-based mesoporous silica includes the following steps: P1. By weight, fly ash is calcined at 600-800℃ for 2-3 hours, then impregnated with hydrochloric acid solution at 80-90℃ for 2-3 hours, filtered, and dried to obtain acidified fly ash. P2. Mix 100-120 parts of acidified fly ash and 20-30 parts of sodium hydroxide solid, add 220-380 parts of water, and react for 2-3 hours under oil bath heating and stirring at 80-90℃ to obtain solution A; dissolve 8-12 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate in 80-120 parts of water, heat to dissolve, and obtain solution B; then add solution A dropwise to solution B under stirring, mix the resulting solutions evenly, and adjust the pH to 10-12; then stir at 80-90℃ for 2-3 hours, and then place the sol in a hydrothermal reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and hydrothermally react at 100-120℃ for 24-28 hours. After cooling to room temperature, filter, wash, dry, grind, and then calcine at 550-650℃ for 6-8 hours to obtain fly ash-based mesoporous silica.
[0013] Preferably, the method for preparing the water-retaining agent includes the following steps: Weigh out hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea aldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica according to the mass ratio, add them to a high-speed mixer, and stir at 800-1200 rpm for 10-20 minutes to obtain the water-retaining agent.
[0014] This application provides a method for multi-faceted collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation, employing the following technical solution: Application of a multi-element collaborative vegetation restoration and reconstruction method, and its application in the restoration of desertified land.
[0015] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This application comprehensively utilizes multiple technical means such as sand fixation, water conservation, fertilization, and planting to form a complete ecosystem restoration plan. This synergistic effect can effectively improve the effectiveness and stability of vegetation restoration and is applicable to various sandy environments.
[0016] 2. This application provides a guar gum-bentonite composite sand-fixing agent. Guar gum provides high water absorption and retention, while bentonite enhances mechanical strength and wind erosion resistance. The composite super absorbent resin sand-fixing agent is prepared by a semi-continuous aqueous solution polymerization method. It can effectively fix sand and reduce water evaporation. When used in conjunction with straw checkerboard sand barriers, it forms a dual barrier of "chemical sand fixation + physical barrier", effectively resisting wind erosion and improving sand fixation efficiency.
[0017] 3. The water-retaining agent provided in this application is an effective compound of hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica. It has a high "water absorption-locking" effect and can slowly release water. It can continuously release water under drought conditions to meet the water needs of plants during their key growth period. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0019] The chemical reagents used in the preparation examples, embodiments, and comparative examples provided in this invention are all commercially available products, and their brands and manufacturers are as follows: Paraformaldehyde powder, Jinan Hongli Chemical Co., Ltd.; Bentonite, Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., B802109; Guar gum, Dongying Baoze Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
[0020] Preparation Example 1: Preparation of Guar Gum-Bentonite Composite Superabsorbent Resin Sand-Stabilizing Agent Preparation Example 1.1 T1. Add 0.9g of guar gum to 20g of deionized water, stir and mix, and heat to 70℃. Continue stirring for 1 hour to form a guar gum gelatinized liquid. T2. Add the initiator solution obtained by mixing 0.05g ammonium persulfate and 5g deionized water to the guar gum paste solution, stir at 70℃ for 30min, and then cool to 50℃; add 3.2g acrylic acid dropwise, and then add 4.6g sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 6mol / L, and stir thoroughly for 20min. T3. Add 0.42g bentonite and 0.01g diethylenetriamine to form a homogeneous mixed solution; under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 70℃ and continue the reaction at a constant temperature for 4 hours; dry the obtained product in an oven at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent.
[0021] Preparation Example 1.2 T1. Add 1.8g of guar gum to 40g of deionized water, stir and mix, and heat to 75℃. Continue stirring for 1.5h to form a guar gum gelatinized solution. T2. Add the initiator solution obtained by mixing 0.1g ammonium persulfate and 10g deionized water to the guar gum paste solution, stir at 75℃ for 40min, and then cool to 55℃; add 6.4g acrylic acid dropwise, and then add 9.2g sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 6mol / L, and stir thoroughly for 20min. T3. Add 0.84g bentonite and 0.02g diethylenetriamine to form a homogeneous mixed solution; under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 75℃ and continue the reaction at a constant temperature for 4.5h; dry the obtained product in an oven at 65℃ to constant weight to obtain guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent.
[0022] Preparation Example 1.3 T1. Add 2.7g of guar gum to 60g of deionized water, stir and mix, and heat to 80℃. Continue stirring for 2 hours to form a guar gum gelatinized liquid. T2. Add the initiator solution obtained by mixing 0.15g ammonium persulfate and 15g deionized water to the guar gum paste solution, stir at 70℃ for 30min, and then cool to 50℃; add 3.2g acrylic acid dropwise, and then add 4.6g sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 6mol / L, and stir thoroughly for 20min. T3. Add 0.42g bentonite and 0.01g diethylenetriamine to form a homogeneous mixed solution; under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 70℃ and continue the reaction at a constant temperature for 4 hours; dry the obtained product in an oven at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent.
[0023] Preparation Example 2: Preparation of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Modified Urea-Formaldehyde Preparation Example 2.1 E1. Add 1.1g of potassium hydroxide to 10g of paraformaldehyde powder, then add 13.3g of urea, and react at 90℃ for 1h to obtain hydroxymethylurea; E2. The obtained hydroxymethylurea was added to a reaction extruder, mixed with 10g of deionized water and 5g of citric acid, and reacted at 60℃ for 15min; then 14g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 210g of deionized water were added, and reacted at 60℃ for 15min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extruded and dried at 60℃ to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde.
[0024] Preparation Example 2.2 E1. Add 2.3g of potassium hydroxide to 12.5g of paraformaldehyde powder, then add 17g of urea, and react at 95℃ for 1.5h to obtain hydroxymethylurea; E2. The obtained hydroxymethylurea was added to a reaction extruder and mixed with 12.5g of deionized water and 6.3g of citric acid, and reacted at 65℃ for 22min; then 18g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 270g of deionized water were added, and reacted at 65℃ for 22min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extruded and dried at 65℃ to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde.
[0025] Preparation Example 2.3 E1. Add 2.5g of potassium hydroxide to 15g of paraformaldehyde powder, then add 20g of urea, and react at 100℃ for 2h to obtain hydroxymethylurea; E2. The obtained hydroxymethylurea was added to a reaction extruder, mixed with 15g of deionized water and 7.5g of citric acid, and reacted at 70℃ for 30min; then 21g of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 315g of deionized water were added, and reacted at 70℃ for 30min. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was extruded and dried at 70℃ to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde.
[0026] Preparation Example 3: Preparation of fly ash-based mesoporous silica Preparation Example 3.1 P1. After calcining fly ash at 600℃ for 2 hours, it is impregnated with a 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution at 80℃ for 2 hours, filtered, and dried to obtain acidified fly ash. P2. Mix 100g of acidified fly ash and 20g of sodium hydroxide solid, add 220g of deionized water, and react for 2h under oil bath heating and stirring at 80℃ to obtain solution A; dissolve 8g of tetraethyl orthosilicate in 80g of deionized water, heat to dissolve, and obtain solution B; then add solution A dropwise to solution B under stirring at 400rpm, mix the resulting solutions evenly, and adjust the pH to 10 with 1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution; then stir at 80℃ for 2h, and then place the sol in a hydrothermal reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and hydrothermally react at 100℃ for 24h. After cooling to room temperature, filter, wash, dry, grind, and then calcine at 550℃ for 6h to obtain fly ash-based mesoporous silica.
[0027] Preparation Example 3.2 P1. After calcining fly ash at 600℃ for 2 hours, it is impregnated with a 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution at 80℃ for 2 hours, filtered, and dried to obtain acidified fly ash. P2. Mix 100g of acidified fly ash and 20g of sodium hydroxide solid, add 220g of deionized water, and react for 2h under oil bath heating and stirring at 80℃ to obtain solution A; dissolve 8g of tetraethyl orthosilicate in 80g of deionized water, heat to dissolve, and obtain solution B; then add solution A dropwise to solution B under stirring at 400rpm, mix the resulting solutions evenly, and adjust the pH to 10 with 1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution; then stir at 80℃ for 2h, and then place the sol in a hydrothermal reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and hydrothermally react at 100℃ for 24h. After cooling to room temperature, filter, wash, dry, grind, and then calcine at 550℃ for 6h to obtain fly ash-based mesoporous silica.
[0028] Preparation Example 3.3 P1. After calcining fly ash at 600℃ for 2 hours, it is impregnated with a 5 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution at 80℃ for 2 hours, filtered, and dried to obtain acidified fly ash. P2. Mix 100g of acidified fly ash and 20g of sodium hydroxide solid, add 220g of deionized water, and react for 2h under oil bath heating and stirring at 80℃ to obtain solution A; dissolve 8g of tetraethyl orthosilicate in 80g of deionized water, heat to dissolve, and obtain solution B; then add solution A dropwise to solution B under stirring at 400rpm, mix the resulting solutions evenly, and adjust the pH to 10 with 1mol / L sodium hydroxide solution; then stir at 80℃ for 2h, and then place the sol in a hydrothermal reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and hydrothermally react at 100℃ for 24h. After cooling to room temperature, filter, wash, dry, grind, and then calcine at 550℃ for 6h to obtain fly ash-based mesoporous silica.
[0029] Example 1 A method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation, characterized by the following steps: S1. Sand fixation: The sand-fixing agent slurry is sprayed onto the target planting area at a rate of 2 t / hm². 2 The mixture is thoroughly mixed with sand to form a sand-fixing agent layer. Straw checkerboard sand barriers are then installed on the windward slope to secure the sand-fixing agent layer, with a straw checkerboard density of 2000 checkerboards per hectare. 2 ; S2. Water retention: The water-retaining agent and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:98 to obtain a water-retaining agent mixture; the water-retaining agent mixture is sprayed onto the sand-fixing layer at a spraying rate of 0.15 t / hm. 2 This forms a water-retaining agent layer; S3. Fertilization: Apply compound organic fertilizer to the surface of the water-retaining agent layer at a rate of 0.5 t / hm². 2 This will increase the soil's organic matter content and nutrient supply capacity. S4. Planting: Select Caragana korshinskii for planting. After planting, regularly check the vegetation growth and soil moisture, and supplement water-retaining agents, organic fertilizers and microbial agents as needed. The sand-fixing agent slurry is composed of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent prepared in Preparation Example 1.1 and water, wherein the mass ratio of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent to water is 1:7. The water-retaining agent comprises hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde prepared in Preparation Example 2.1 and fly ash-based mesoporous silica prepared in Preparation Example 3.1; the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica is 1:1. The compound organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts earthworm fertilizer, 15 parts biochar, 2 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts humic acid, 1 part compound bacterial powder, 20 parts livestock and poultry manure, 0.25 parts zinc sulfate, 0.1 parts borax, and 0.05 parts manganese sulfate. The compound bacterial powder includes 35% Bacillus subtilis, 15% nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 20% Bacillus licheniformis, 10% phosphate-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium, and 10% potassium-solubilizing colloidal Bacillus.
[0030] Example 2 A method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation, characterized by the following steps: S1. Sand fixation: The sand-fixing agent slurry is sprayed onto the target planting area at a rate of 2 t / hm². 2 The mixture is thoroughly mixed with sand to form a sand-fixing agent layer. Straw checkerboard sand barriers are then installed on the windward slope to stabilize the sand-fixing agent layer, with a straw checkerboard density of 2500 checkerboards per hectare. 2 ; S2. Water retention: The water-retaining agent and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 2.5:97.5 to obtain a water-retaining agent mixture; the water-retaining agent mixture is sprayed onto the sand-fixing layer at a spraying rate of 0.15 t / hm. 2 This forms a water-retaining agent layer; S3. Fertilization: Apply compound organic fertilizer to the surface of the water-retaining agent layer at a rate of 0.5 t / hm². 2 This will increase the soil's organic matter content and nutrient supply capacity. S4. Planting: Select Caragana korshinskii for planting. After planting, regularly check the vegetation growth and soil moisture, and supplement water-retaining agents, organic fertilizers and microbial agents as needed. The sand-fixing agent slurry is composed of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent prepared in Preparation Example 1.1 and water, wherein the mass ratio of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent to water is 1:8. The water-retaining agent comprises hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde prepared in Preparation Example 2.1 and fly ash-based mesoporous silica prepared in Preparation Example 3.1; the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica is 1:1. The compound organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts earthworm fertilizer, 17.5 parts biochar, 2.5 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.5 parts humic acid, 1.4 parts compound bacterial powder, 17.5 parts livestock and poultry manure, 0.375 parts zinc sulfate, 0.15 parts borax, and 0.075 parts manganese sulfate. The compound bacterial powder includes 35% Bacillus subtilis, 15% nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 20% Bacillus licheniformis, 10% phosphate-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium, and 10% potassium-solubilizing colloidal Bacillus.
[0031] Example 3 A method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation, characterized by the following steps: S1. Sand fixation: The sand-fixing agent slurry is sprayed onto the target planting area at a rate of 2 t / hm². 2 The mixture is thoroughly mixed with sand to form a sand-fixing agent layer. Straw checkerboard sand barriers are then installed on the windward slope to secure the sand-fixing agent layer, with a straw checkerboard density of 3000 checkerboards per hectare. 2 ; S2. Water retention: The water-retaining agent and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 3:97 to obtain a water-retaining agent mixture; the water-retaining agent mixture is sprayed onto the sand-fixing layer at a spraying rate of 0.15 t / hm. 2 This forms a water-retaining agent layer; S3. Fertilization: Apply compound organic fertilizer to the surface of the water-retaining agent layer at a rate of 0.5 t / hm². 2 This will increase the soil's organic matter content and nutrient supply capacity. S4. Planting: Select Caragana korshinskii for planting. After planting, regularly check the vegetation growth and soil moisture, and supplement water-retaining agents, organic fertilizers and microbial agents as needed. The sand-fixing agent slurry is composed of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent prepared in Preparation Example 1.1 and water, wherein the mass ratio of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent to water is 1:9. The water-retaining agent comprises hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde prepared in Preparation Example 2.1 and fly ash-based mesoporous silica prepared in Preparation Example 3.1; the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica is 1:1. The compound organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts earthworm fertilizer, 20 parts biochar, 3 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts humic acid, 1.8 parts compound bacterial powder, 15 parts livestock and poultry manure, 0.5 parts zinc sulfate, 0.2 parts borax, and 0.1 parts manganese sulfate. The compound bacterial powder includes 35% Bacillus subtilis, 15% nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 20% Bacillus licheniformis, 10% phosphate-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium, and 10% potassium-solubilizing colloidal Bacillus.
[0032] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica used in Example 4 is 2:1.
[0033] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica used in Example 5 is 3:1.
[0034] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the spraying rate of the sand-fixing agent slurry used in Example 6 is 2.5 t / hm. 2 The spraying rate of the water-retaining agent mixture is 0.2 t / hm. 2 The application rate of compound organic fertilizer is 0.6 t / hm. 2 .
[0035] Example 7 The difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that the spraying rate of the sand-fixing agent slurry used in Example 7 is 3 t / hm. 2 The spraying rate of the water-retaining agent mixture is 0.25 t / hm. 2 The application rate of compound organic fertilizer is 0.7 t / hm. 2 .
[0036] Example 8 The difference between Example 8 and Example 1 is that the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent used in Example 8 was prepared by Preparation Example 1.2; the hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea formaldehyde was prepared by Preparation Example 2.2; and the fly ash-based mesoporous silica was prepared by Preparation Example 3.2.
[0037] Example 9 The difference between Example 9 and Example 1 is that the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent used in Example 9 was prepared by Preparation Example 1.3; the hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea formaldehyde was prepared by Preparation Example 2.3; and the fly ash-based mesoporous silica was prepared by Preparation Example 3.3.
[0038] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the water-retaining agent used in Comparative Example 1 only includes the hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde obtained from Preparation Example 2.1.
[0039] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica used in Comparative Example 2 is 5:1.
[0040] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the sand-fixing agent used in Comparative Example 3 is ordinary bentonite.
[0041] Performance testing The vegetation restoration and reconstruction treatment was carried out according to the methods of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3. The experimental site was set up in the Horqin Sandy Land. At the same time, a control group without sand fixation, water retention and fertilization treatment was set up to test the survival rate of Caragana korshinskii. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0042] The specific test results are as follows:
[0043] As can be seen from the test results of the embodiments in Table 1, the survival rate of Caragana korshinskii is greater than 89% in the multi-element synergistic restoration and reconstruction vegetation method provided in this application. This indicates that the method provided in this application can effectively improve the survival rate of sandy plants and has significant effects on restoring and reconstructing sandy vegetation.
[0044] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Sand fixation: Spray the sand fixation agent slurry onto the target planting area, mix it evenly with the sand to form a sand fixation agent layer, and set up grass checkerboard sand barriers on the windward slope to fix the sand fixation agent layer; S2. Water retention: Mix water-retaining agent and water at a mass ratio of (2-3):(97-98) to obtain a water-retaining agent mixture; spray the water-retaining agent mixture onto the sand-fixing layer to form a water-retaining agent layer; S3. Fertilization: Apply compound organic fertilizer to the surface of the water-retaining agent layer to increase the soil organic matter content and nutrient supply capacity; S4. Planting: Select suitable plants for planting. After planting, regularly check the growth of the vegetation and the soil moisture, and supplement water-retaining agents and compound organic fertilizers as needed. The sand-fixing agent slurry is composed of sand-fixing agent and water, and the mass ratio of sand-fixing agent to water is 1:(7-9). The sand-fixing agent is a guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent; The water-retaining agent includes hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica; the mass ratio of the hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea-formaldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica is (1-3):
1.
2. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound organic fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts earthworm fertilizer, 15-20 parts biochar, 2-3 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-8 parts humic acid, 1-1.8 parts compound bacterial powder, 15-20 parts livestock and poultry manure, 0.25-0.5 parts zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.2 parts borax, and 0.05-0.1 parts manganese sulfate.
3. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying rate of the sand-fixing agent slurry is 2-3 t / hm. 2 The spraying rate of the water-retaining agent mixture is 0.15-0.25 t / hm. 2 The application rate of the compound organic fertilizer is 0.5-0.7 t / hm. 2 .
4. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.9-2.7 parts guar gum, 25-75 parts water, 0.05-0.15 parts initiator, 3.2-9.6 parts acrylic acid, 4.6-13.8 parts sodium hydroxide solution, 0.42-1.26 parts bentonite, and 0.01-0.03 parts diethylenetriamine.
5. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent includes the following steps: T1. By weight, add 0.9-2.7 parts of guar gum to 20-60 parts of water, stir and mix, heat to 70-80℃, and continue stirring for 1-2 hours to form a guar gum gelatinized liquid; T2. Add an initiator solution obtained by mixing 0.05-0.15 parts of initiator and 5-15 parts of water to the guar gum paste solution, and stir at 70-80℃ for 30-50 min, then cool to 50-60℃; add 3.2-9.6 parts of acrylic acid dropwise, and then add 4.6-13.8 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, and stir thoroughly for 20-40 min. T3. Add 0.42-1.26 parts of bentonite and 0.01-0.03 parts of diethylenetriamine to form a homogeneous mixed solution; under a nitrogen atmosphere, heat to 70-80℃ and continue the reaction at a constant temperature for 4-5 hours; dry the obtained product in an oven at 60-70℃ to constant weight to obtain guar gum-bentonite composite superabsorbent resin sand-fixing agent.
6. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts paraformaldehyde powder, 1.1-2.5 parts potassium hydroxide, 13.3-20 parts urea, 220-330 parts water, 5-7.5 parts citric acid, and 14-21 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose.
7. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde includes the following steps: E1. By weight, add 1.1-2.5 parts of potassium hydroxide to 10-15 parts of paraformaldehyde powder, then add 13.3-20 parts of urea, and react at 90-100℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain hydroxymethylurea; E2. Add the obtained hydroxymethylurea to a reaction extruder, mix with 10-15 parts water and 5-7.5 parts citric acid, and react at 60-70℃ for 15-30 min; then add 14-21 parts hydroxyethyl cellulose and 210-315 parts water, and react at 60-70℃ for 15-30 min. After the reaction is complete, extrude the mixture and dry it at 60-70℃ to obtain hydroxyethyl cellulose modified urea aldehyde.
8. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing fly ash-based mesoporous silica includes the following steps: P1. By weight, fly ash is calcined at 600-800℃ for 2-3 hours, then impregnated with hydrochloric acid solution at 80-90℃ for 2-3 hours, filtered, and dried to obtain acidified fly ash. P2. Mix 100-120 parts of acidified fly ash and 20-30 parts of sodium hydroxide solid, add 220-380 parts of water, and react for 2-3 hours under oil bath heating and stirring at 80-90℃ to obtain solution A; dissolve 8-12 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate in 80-120 parts of water, heat to dissolve, and obtain solution B; then add solution A dropwise to solution B under stirring, mix the resulting solutions evenly, and adjust the pH to 10-12; then stir at 80-90℃ for 2-3 hours, and then place the sol in a hydrothermal reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and hydrothermally react at 100-120℃ for 24-28 hours. After cooling to room temperature, filter, wash, dry, grind, and then calcine at 550-650℃ for 6-8 hours to obtain fly ash-based mesoporous silica.
9. The method for multi-element collaborative restoration and reconstruction of vegetation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the water-retaining agent includes the following steps: Weigh out hydroxyethyl cellulose-modified urea aldehyde and fly ash-based mesoporous silica according to the mass ratio, add them to a high-speed mixer, and stir at 800-1200 rpm for 10-20 minutes to obtain the water-retaining agent.
10. The application of the multi-element collaborative vegetation restoration and reconstruction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Application of the multi-faceted collaborative vegetation restoration and reconstruction method in the remediation of desertified land.