A method for breeding litopenaeus vannamei in saline-alkali soil

Abstract

This invention provides a method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land aquaculture, relating to the field of aquaculture technology. This method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land aquaculture optimizes the water's calcium content through a customized composite ion-regulating solution. 2+ :Mg 2+ :K + The ratio is 2.8:1:0.3 to control SO4. 2‑ / Cl ‑ The pH was stabilized to 8.2–8.8 using a citrate-sodium citrate buffer system within the range of 0.14–0.8. A "slow-medium-fast" staged acclimatization strategy was employed to adapt to different developmental stages of the seedlings. A combination of Clostridium ethanolate protein (CAP) and compound probiotics was added to the feed to enhance immune metabolic regulation. Experimental results showed that this method improved the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei seedlings to 86.3% ± 2.1%, shortened the rearing cycle by 12–15 days, increased hepatopancreatic SOD activity by 42.6%, and achieved a Vibrio inhibition rate of 78.5%, significantly outperforming existing technologies. This invention requires no large-scale pond modification, is adaptable to different types of saline-alkali water bodies, and enables efficient and green aquaculture, possessing significant application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically to a method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Litopenaeus vannamei is the world's most farmed and commercially important shrimp species, but its natural optimal growth environment is low-salinity, neutral pH water. my country has abundant saline-alkali land resources; the area of ​​heavily saline-alkali land in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and Northwest China alone reaches tens of millions of acres. These water bodies generally exhibit high carbonate alkalinity (1.94–3.32 mmol / L), pH values ​​of 8.79–9.15, and an imbalanced ion ratio (Mg²⁺ / Mg²⁺ / L). 2+ >Ca 2+ K + scarcity), SO4 2- / Cl - Problems such as abnormal ratios.

[0003] Existing saline-alkali land Litopenaeus vannamei farming technology has many limitations:

[0004] Firstly, water quality control often focuses on single ion detection (such as Ca). 2+ >80mg / L, Mg 2+ >150mg / L), lacking comprehensive optimization of ion ratio, pH buffer system and sulfate stress;

[0005] Secondly, the seedling domestication adopted a fixed gradient alkalinity increase mode (such as increasing alkalinity by 1 mmol / L every 12 hours), with a survival rate of only 34-41%, which did not adapt to the stress resistance characteristics of seedlings at different developmental stages.

[0006] Third, nutritional regulation relies heavily on single additives (such as vitamin C and probiotics), failing to form a synergistic system of "nutrient absorption - immune enhancement - disease inhibition," resulting in slow shrimp growth and frequent disease outbreaks under high salinity and alkalinity conditions.

[0007] Fourth, the problem of imbalance in the microbial community of saline-alkali land water has not been resolved, and the excessive proliferation of Vibrio leads to a low seedling survival rate.

[0008] Therefore, developing a comprehensive breeding method that integrates precise ion regulation, staged domestication, and immune nutrition enhancement to overcome multiple technical bottlenecks in the farming of Litopenaeus vannamei in saline-alkali land has significant practical implications and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0009] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0010] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a cultivation method for Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for aquaculture in saline-alkali land, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0011] (II) Technical Solution

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land aquaculture, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Pretreatment of aquaculture water in saline-alkali land:

[0014] Select a saline-alkali pond with a salinity of 0.8-5‰ and an initial carbonate alkalinity of 5-18 mmol / L. After cleaning the pond, lay a 10-15cm zeolite powder-humic acid composite bottom sediment improvement layer (mass ratio 3:1). After sun exposure for 72 hours, fill the pond with water to a depth of 80-100cm.

[0015] Step Two: Preparation and Application of Composite Ion Regulation Solution

[0016] The conditioning solution is composed of calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, citric acid, sodium citrate, and sodium chloride. The conditioning solution is added to the water body in several portions and the dissolution and mixing are completed within 24 hours, so that the pH of the water body is stabilized at 8.2-8.8.

[0017] Step 3: Segmented Gradient Acclimatization:

[0018] Healthy Litopenaeus vannamei nauplius (N5) were selected and domesticated in the following stages:

[0019] Phase 1 (N5 to mysid larvae stage III): Increase carbonate alkalinity by 0.8–1.0 mmol / L every 24 hours, maintain salinity at 0.8–1.5‰, for 7 days;

[0020] Phase 2 (Mysid larvae stage III to postlarvae stage V): Increase carbonate alkalinity by 1.2–1.5 mmol / L every 18 hours, raising the salinity gradient to 2–3‰, for 5 days;

[0021] Phase 3 (Postlarval shrimp stage V to juvenile shrimp): Increase carbonate alkalinity by 1.8–2.0 mmol / L every 12 hours, and stabilize salinity at 3–5‰ for 3 days;

[0022] Step 4: Immunological Nutritional Fortification Feeding:

[0023] A combination of basic feed and functional additives is used. In the basic feed, 40-50% of fishmeal is replaced by Clostridium ethanole protein (CAP). The functional additives include Bacillus belye, Exothromyces salsa, vitamin C, and astaxanthin. The feeding amount is adjusted according to the seedling development stage and the seedlings are fed 4-6 times a day.

[0024] Step 5: Ecological Regulation During the Aquaculture Period

[0025] The dissolved oxygen level is maintained at 5-10 mg / L throughout the process. A compound probiotic preparation is added every 7 days. The ion concentration in the water is tested and a regulating solution is added every 15 days. The breeding cycle is 45-60 days.

[0026] Preferably, in step two, the preparation method of the composite ion-regulating liquid is as follows: take 25-30 parts by mass of calcium chloride, 8-12 parts by mass of magnesium sulfate, 3-5 parts by mass of potassium chloride, 4-6 parts by mass of citric acid, 6-8 parts by mass of sodium citrate, and 15-20 parts by mass of sodium chloride, add deionized water to dissolve, make up to 1000 parts by mass, stir evenly, and seal for later use.

[0027] Preferably, Ca 2+ The concentration was adjusted to 120–180 mg / L, Mg 2+ The concentration was adjusted to 45–65 mg / L, K + The concentration was adjusted to 15–25 mg / L, SO4 2- / Cl - The ratio is 0.14–0.8, and the concentration of the citrate-sodium citrate buffer pair is 5–8 mmol / L.

[0028] Preferably, in step three, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water during the acclimatization process is 0.1–0.2 mg / L, the nitrite nitrogen content is 0.01–0.05 mg / L, and the total hardness is maintained at 10–15 mmol / L.

[0029] Preferably, in step four, the crude protein content of the basic feed is 42-45%, the crude fat content is 8-10%, and the carbohydrate content is 20-25%.

[0030] Preferably, in step four, the number of Bacillus belyceae is 1×10⁻⁶. 6 cfu / g, the number of *Exosulfuron-Salicylate* was 5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The vitamin C content is 0.2% and the astaxanthin content is 0.01%, with cfu / g.

[0031] Preferably, in step five, the compound probiotic preparation is made by mixing Bacillus bellis, Leymus spp. and Rhodotorula rubra in a volume ratio of 2:1:1.

[0032] Preferably, the concentration of the compound probiotic preparation is 5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 cfu / mL.

[0033] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0034] This invention provides a cultivation method for Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for aquaculture in saline-alkali land, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. An innovative triple-synergistic regulation system was constructed, achieving for the first time comprehensive optimization of ion balance, seedling domestication, and nutritional immunity in saline-alkali land water, overcoming the limitations of single regulation in existing technologies; and the seedling survival rate reached 86.3%, and the aquaculture survival rate reached 78.5%, which is more than 80% higher than existing technologies, shortening the aquaculture cycle by 12-15 days and significantly improving aquaculture efficiency.

[0036] 2. The entire process involves zero water changes and no antibiotics. The water body is self-purified through probiotics and bottom sediment conditioners, reducing aquaculture pollution and meeting the requirements of green aquaculture. It is also suitable for a wide range of saline-alkali land types with salinity of 0.8-5‰ and carbonate alkalinity of 5-30mmol / L, without the need for large-scale pond modification, and has broad prospects for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cultivation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] This invention provides a method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land aquaculture. Based on the characteristics of saline-alkali water and the physiological needs of Litopenaeus vannamei, a triple synergistic regulation system is constructed to simultaneously improve the stress resistance of seedlings and the aquaculture benefits, as detailed below:

[0041] 1. Core Technology Solution

[0042] (1) Precise regulation of composite ions

[0043] The core problems of saline-alkali land water bodies are ion imbalance and pH instability. This invention provides a customized composite ion-regulating solution, which achieves precise optimization through the following design:

[0044] Ion ratio optimization: regulating Ca in water 2+ :Mg 2+ :K + The ratio of 2.8:1:0.3 satisfies the osmotic pressure regulation requirements of shrimp and also addresses the K+ issue in saline-alkali land. + Deficiency-induced metabolic disorders;

[0045] pH buffering system: Add citric acid-sodium citrate buffer pair (concentration 5-8 mmol / L) to stabilize the pH of the water at 8.2-8.8, and avoid the significant inhibition of the survival rate of larvae by pH > 9.0;

[0046] Sulfate stress relief: Strict control of SO4 2- / Cl - The ratio should be between 0.14 and 0.8, below the critical threshold of 1.127, to avoid immune damage caused by decreased ACP and AKP activity in gill tissue.

[0047] (2) Segmented gradient acclimatization

[0048] Based on the differences in stress resistance at different developmental stages of Litopenaeus vannamei, a three-stage domestication strategy of "slow-medium-fast" was designed, which improved the survival rate by more than 40% compared with the traditional single-gradient domestication:

[0049] Nauplius (N5) to mysid larvae stage III: Slow gradient acclimatization was adopted, with alkalinity increased by 0.8 to 1.0 mmol / L every 24 hours to adapt to the fragile osmoregulation system of the larvae;

[0050] From mysid larvae stage III to postlarvae stage V: a medium-gradient acclimatization method was adopted, with alkalinity increased by 1.2 to 1.5 mmol / L every 18 hours to gradually enhance alkalinity resistance;

[0051] Larval shrimp (stage V to juvenile shrimp): Rapid gradient acclimatization is adopted, with alkalinity increased by 1.8 to 2.0 mmol / L every 12 hours, utilizing the metabolic advantages of the larval stage to complete the final adaptation.

[0052] (3) Immune Nutrition Enhancement System

[0053] A compound feed program combining basic nutrition and functional enhancement is adopted to balance growth performance and stress resistance:

[0054] Protein source optimization: Replace 40-50% of fishmeal with Clostridium ethanole protein (CAP) to improve feed conversion rate by utilizing its high protein (>80%) and easy digestibility, while enhancing salinity adaptability through immune-metabolic synergistic regulation.

[0055] Probiotic combination: Added Bacillus vesiculosus (1×10) 6 cfu / g) and Salmonella exosulfuron-methyl (5×10) 5 (cfu / g), the former inhibits Vibrio proliferation, the latter enhances denitrification function, and synergistically improves the micro-ecological environment of aquatic bodies;

[0056] Antioxidant enhancement: The compound addition of vitamin C (0.2%) and astaxanthin (0.01%) helps to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduce oxidative stress damage in highly alkaline environments, and enhance the activity of SOD and CAT enzymes.

[0057] 2. Specific Implementation Steps

[0058] (1) Pond pretreatment

[0059] Select a saline-alkali pond with a salinity of 0.8–5‰ and an initial carbonate alkalinity of 5–18 mmol / L, with an area of ​​10–30 mu, a depth of 1.6–1.8 m, and a slope ratio of 1:3. After cleaning the pond, lay a 10–15 cm zeolite powder-humic acid composite bottom sediment improvement layer (mass ratio 3:1), expose it to sunlight for 72 hours, then fill the pond with water to a depth of 80–100 cm, and turn on the aerator (power 3 kW / mu) for aeration for 24 hours.

[0060] (2) Application of compound ion-regulating solution

[0061] Add the composite ion-regulating solution at a ratio of 1‰ of the water volume, stir well, and let stand for 48 hours. Detect water indicators: Ca... 2+ 120–180 mg / L, Mg 2+ 45~65mg / L, K + 15-25 mg / L, SO4 2- / Cl - 0.14–0.8, pH 8.2–8.8, total hardness 10–15 mmol / L. If the standard is not met, add adjustment solution until the requirement is met.

[0062] (3) Segmented acclimatization of seedlings

[0063] Select vigorous Litopenaeus vannamei nauplius (N5) with a body length of 0.3–0.5 cm and release them at a density of 100,000 nauplius per acre, and implement a three-stage acclimatization process:

[0064] Phase 1 (7 days): Initial carbonate alkalinity 5-8 mmol / L, increasing by 0.8-1.0 mmol / L every 24 hours, salinity maintained at 0.8-1.5‰, feeding algae powder 3 times a day at a rate of 0.1 g / 10,000 fish;

[0065] Phase 2 (5 days): Increase the carbonate alkalinity by 1.2-1.5 mmol / L every 18 hours, and increase the salinity gradient to 2-3‰. Feed the juvenile shrimp with formulated feed 4 times a day at a rate of 0.3g / 10,000 shrimp.

[0066] Phase 3 (3 days): Increase carbonate alkalinity by 1.8-2.0 mmol / L every 12 hours, stabilize salinity at 3-5‰, feed juvenile shrimp formulated feed 5 times a day, feed amount 0.5g / 10,000 shrimp.

[0067] (4) Immunonutrient fortification feeding

[0068] Customized compound feed is used throughout the breeding process. Specific details are as follows:

[0069] Basic formula: 42-45% crude protein, 8-10% crude fat, 20-25% carbohydrates, of which CAP replaces 40% of fish meal;

[0070] Functional additive: Bacillus vesiculosus (1×10) 6 cfu / g), *Exosulfuron-Salmonella* (5×10) 5 CFU / g), Vitamin C (0.2%), Astaxanthin (0.01%);

[0071] Feeding strategy: Feed 6 times a day during the larval stage and 4 times a day during the juvenile stage. The amount of feed should be 3-8% of the shrimp's body weight, and adjusted according to the feeding situation to avoid pollution from uneaten feed.

[0072] (5) Ecological regulation during the breeding period

[0073] Water quality management: Maintain dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.2mg / L, and nitrite nitrogen ≤0.05mg / L throughout the process; supplement with compound probiotic preparation (concentration 5×10) every 7 days. 5 (cfu / mL), ion concentration was measured every 15 days and adjustment solution was added;

[0074] Disease control: No antibiotics are used during the breeding period; biological control is achieved through probiotic colonization and water quality optimization.

[0075] Harvesting shrimp: After 45 to 60 days of cultivation, when the average body length of the shrimp reaches 12 to 15 cm and the weight reaches 20 to 25 g, the shrimp are harvested using a seine net.

[0076] Experimental data and effect verification

[0077] 1. Experimental Design

[0078] Three heavily saline-alkali ponds (numbered A, B, and C) in the lower reaches of the Yellow River were selected, each with an area of ​​15 mu. An experimental group (using the method of this invention) and a control group (using the existing conventional method, patent CN110278898A) were set up, with 3 replicates in each group. The culture period was 60 days. The test indicators included survival rate, growth performance, immune enzyme activity, and aquatic microbial indicators.

[0079] 2. Experimental Results

[0080] (1) Comparison of survival rate and growth performance

[0081]

[0082] (2) Comparison of immune enzyme activities (end of aquaculture)

[0083]

[0084] (3) Comparison of aquatic microorganisms and water quality indicators (end of aquaculture)

[0085]

[0086] 3. Results Analysis

[0087] Experimental data show that the method of this invention achieves three core breakthroughs through the synergistic effect of complex ion regulation, segmented acclimatization, and immunonutritional enhancement:

[0088] 1. The seedling survival rate increased from 40.7% in the control group to 86.3%. The key lies in the fact that the segmented domestication method was adapted to the development characteristics of the seedlings and avoided the stress damage of traditional domestication.

[0089] 2. The survival rate of aquaculture increased by 33.3 percentage points and the specific growth rate increased by 52.4%, which was attributed to the nutritional optimization after CAP replaced fishmeal and the mitigation of oxidative stress by antioxidant additives;

[0090] 3. The number of Vibrio bacteria decreased by 270 times, and the pH stabilized within a suitable range, confirming the regulatory effect of the compound probiotics and buffer system on the microecology of the water body and solving the problem of frequent diseases in saline-alkali land.

[0091] Example 2:

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, in a certain saline-alkali land aquaculture base, three ponds, each 15 mu in size, were selected to implement the cultivation method of this invention:

[0093] Step 1: Pretreatment of aquaculture water in saline-alkali land:

[0094] After cleaning the pond, lay a 12cm zeolite powder-humic acid composite bottom improvement layer (mass ratio 3:1), expose it to the sun for 72 hours, fill it with water to 90cm, and aerate it for 24 hours.

[0095] Step Two: Preparation and Application of Composite Ion Regulation Solution

[0096] Add a composite ion-regulating solution (calcium chloride 28 parts, magnesium sulfate 10 parts, potassium chloride 4 parts, citric acid 5 parts, sodium citrate 7 parts, sodium chloride 18 parts) at a ratio of 1‰, and test after 48 hours: Ca 2+ 156 mg / L, Mg 2+ 58mg / L, K + 21 mg / L, SO4 2- / Cl - 0.62, pH 8.6, total hardness 13.2 mmol / L;

[0097] Step 3: Segmented Gradient Acclimatization:

[0098] 100,000 N5 seedlings per mu were released. In stage 1 (7 days), the alkalinity increased by 0.9 mmol / L every 24 hours. In stage 2 (5 days), the alkalinity increased by 1.3 mmol / L every 18 hours. In stage 3 (3 days), the alkalinity increased by 1.9 mmol / L every 12 hours.

[0099] Step 4: Immunological Nutritional Fortification Feeding:

[0100] A compound feed using CAP to replace 40% of fishmeal, with the addition of Bacillus vesiculosus (1×10⁻⁶). 6 cfu / g), *Exosulfuron-Salmonella* (5×10) 5 CFU / g), Vitamin C (0.2%), Astaxanthin (0.01%);

[0101] Step 5: Ecological Regulation During the Aquaculture Period

[0102] Supplement with compound probiotic preparation every 7 days, add regulatory solution every 15 days, and harvest shrimp after 53 days of farming.

[0103] Results: The survival rate of seedlings was 87.2%, the survival rate of cultured animals was 79.3%, the average body length was 14.5 cm, the average weight was 24.2 g, and the number of Vibrio bacteria was 2.8 × 10² cfu / mL. All indicators were better than those of the control group.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] like Figure 1 As shown, in a certain saline-alkali land aquaculture area, two ponds, each 20 mu (approximately 3.3 hectares) in size, were selected. The initial salinity was 3.2‰, and the carbonate alkalinity was 12.5 mmol / L.

[0106] Step 1: Pretreatment of aquaculture water in saline-alkali land:

[0107] Lay a 15cm composite substrate improvement layer, fill with water to a depth of 100cm, and aerate for 36 hours;

[0108] Step Two: Preparation and Application of Composite Ion Regulation Solution

[0109] After adding the conditioning solution, the Ca content was measured. 2+ 168 mg / L, Mg 2+ 62mg / L, K + 23 mg / L, SO4 2- / Cl - 0.75, pH 8.7;

[0110] Step 3: Segmented Gradient Acclimatization:

[0111] 80,000 seedlings per mu were released and domesticated according to the three-stage strategy of this invention.

[0112] Step 4: Immunological Nutritional Fortification Feeding:

[0113] Feed 5 times a day, and adjust the frequency of probiotic supplementation to once every 5 days;

[0114] Step 5: Ecological Regulation During the Aquaculture Period

[0115] After 56 days of rearing, the seedling survival rate was 85.1%, the rearing survival rate was 77.8%, the average weight was 22.9g, and the pH of the water was stable at 8.4-8.8.

[0116] In summary, this invention effectively solves the technical challenges of Litopenaeus vannamei farming in saline-alkali land through precise ion regulation, scientific domestication strategies, and synergistic nutritional enhancement, providing a new path for the development of saline-alkali land resources and the improvement of quality and efficiency in aquaculture.

[0117] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pretreatment of aquaculture water in saline-alkali land: Select a saline-alkali pond with a salinity of 0.8-5‰ and an initial carbonate alkalinity of 5-18 mmol / L. After cleaning the pond, lay a 10-15cm zeolite powder-humic acid composite bottom sediment improvement layer. After sun exposure for 72 hours, fill the pond with water to a depth of 80-100cm. Step Two: Preparation and Application of Composite Ion Regulation Solution The conditioning solution is composed of calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, citric acid, sodium citrate, and sodium chloride. The conditioning solution is added to the water body in several portions and the dissolution and mixing are completed within 24 hours, so that the pH of the water body is stabilized at 8.2-8.

8. Step 3: Segmented Gradient Acclimatization: Healthy Litopenaeus vannamei nauplius (N5) were selected and domesticated in the following stages: Phase 1 (N5 to mysid larvae stage III): Increase carbonate alkalinity by 0.8–1.0 mmol / L every 24 hours, maintain salinity at 0.8–1.5‰, for 7 days; Phase 2 (Mysid larvae stage III to postlarvae stage V): Increase carbonate alkalinity by 1.2–1.5 mmol / L every 18 hours, raising the salinity gradient to 2–3‰, for 5 days; Phase 3 (Postlarval shrimp stage V to juvenile shrimp): Increase carbonate alkalinity by 1.8–2.0 mmol / L every 12 hours, and stabilize salinity at 3–5‰ for 3 days; Step 4: Immunological Nutritional Fortification Feeding: A combination of basic feed and functional additives is used. In the basic feed, 40-50% of fishmeal is replaced by Clostridium ethanole protein (CAP). The functional additives include Bacillus belye, Exothromyces salsa, vitamin C, and astaxanthin. The feeding amount is adjusted according to the seedling development stage and the seedlings are fed 4-6 times a day. Step 5: Ecological Regulation During the Aquaculture Period Dissolved oxygen was maintained at 5-10 mg / L throughout the process. Compound probiotic preparation was added every 7 days. Ion concentration in the water was tested and conditioning solution was added every 15 days. The breeding cycle was 45-60 days.

2. The method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the preparation method of the composite ion-regulating liquid is as follows: take 25-30 parts of calcium chloride, 8-12 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-5 parts of potassium chloride, 4-6 parts of citric acid, 6-8 parts of sodium citrate, and 15-20 parts of sodium chloride by mass, add deionized water to dissolve, make up to 1000 parts, stir evenly, and seal for later use.

3. The method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land culture according to claim 2, characterized in that: Ca 2 + The concentration was adjusted to 120–180 mg / L, Mg 2+ The concentration was adjusted to 45–65 mg / L, K + The concentration was adjusted to 15–25 mg / L, SO4 2- / Cl - The ratio is 0.14–0.8, and the concentration of the citrate-sodium citrate buffer pair is 5–8 mmol / L.

4. The method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, during the acclimatization process, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water is 0.1–0.2 mg / L, the nitrite nitrogen content is 0.01–0.05 mg / L, and the total hardness is maintained at 10–15 mmol / L.

5. The method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the basic feed has a crude protein content of 42-45%, a crude fat content of 8-10%, and a carbohydrate content of 20-25%.

6. The method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the number of Bacillus belyceae is 1×10⁻⁶. 6 cfu / g, the number of *Exosulfuron-Salicylate* was 5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 The vitamin C content is 0.2% and the astaxanthin content is 0.01%, with cfu / g.

7. The method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the compound probiotic preparation is made by mixing Bacillus bellis, Leymus serratus, and Rhodotorula rubra in a volume ratio of 2:1:

1.

8. A method for cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei suitable for saline-alkali land culture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The concentration of the compound probiotic preparation is 5×10⁻⁶. 5 cfu / mL.

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