Layered flexible explosion suppression and fire retardance safety device based on Tesla valve structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a layered flexible explosion suppression and fire retardance safety device based on a Tesla valve structure. The layered flexible explosion suppression and fire retardance safety device comprises a diffusion pipeline, an expansion cavity, a fire arrester body and a protection pipeline. Through cooperation of the expansion cavity, the front flame shunting island platform and the inner and outer flame-retardant layers, the impact energy of the core flame-retardant element in unit area can be greatly reduced, single-point overload is avoided, meanwhile, the contact area with flame and the heat dissipation area are increased, the flame impact energy is dispersed, and the flame-retardant effect is good. The first channel openings serving as flame inlets of the inner fire-resistant layer are formed in the outer side face of the inner fire-resistant layer in an array mode, flame is forced to enter the inner fire-resistant layer from the side face of the inner fire-resistant layer by forcibly changing the flame movement direction, front impact on the inner fire-resistant layer can be avoided, and the impact speed of the flame can be reduced; and the retention time of flame in the flame arrester main body is prolonged. And flames can enter the inner fire-resistant layer through the first channel opening array only after passing through the narrow gap channel, so that the temperature of the flames can be effectively reduced, and the flame quenching effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of flame arresters, and in particular to a layered flexible explosion suppression and flame arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous decline of global fossil fuel reserves and the increasing demand for energy structure transformation, hydrogen energy, with its high efficiency, greenness, and zero carbon emissions, has become a key development direction in the energy strategies of countries around the world. However, hydrogen has an extremely wide explosion limit range, extremely low ignition energy, and extremely high flame propagation speed. Once a leak occurs in the pipeline and causes a fire or explosion, it can easily develop from an initial deflagration (subsonic flame) into a highly destructive detonation (supersonic flame wave), resulting in catastrophic consequences.

[0003] Traditional flame arresters, as safety devices that prevent the passage of flames (deflagration or detonation) but allow the flow of media under normal operating conditions, still have the following drawbacks: Traditional flame arresters mostly have a single-layer structure. During the flame arresting process, the flame often flows through the flame arrester at the same time. This causes the temperature at the front end of the flame arrester to gradually increase during flame arresting, the cold wall effect to gradually fail, the effective flame arresting stroke of the flame arrester to be shortened, and the flame arresting effect to be poor.

[0004] Traditional flame arresters mostly arrest flames by receiving the flame impact from the front. This structure is not suitable for ultra-high-speed detonation flames because the flame passes through too short a time and it is difficult to effectively reduce the flame temperature and quench the flame.

[0005] Traditional flame arresters mostly have smooth metal wall cavities inside. These smooth metal wall cavities will repeatedly reflect the pressure waves emitted and reflected by the flame. This means that the flame arrester must not only resist the impact of the flame, but also constantly resist the penetration of the pressure waves. Under the combined impact of the flame and the pressure waves, the flame arrester is very prone to failure, resulting in flame arresting failure.

[0006] Traditional flame arresters all use a straight channel design. The straight channel has limited heat absorption effect on the flame inside the flame entering the flame arrester channel. When the flame speed is too fast, the flame leaves the straight channel before it has enough time to exchange heat with the straight channel, resulting in flame arrest failure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a layered flexible explosion suppression and fire arrestor safety device based on a Tesla valve structure.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure includes a venting pipe, an expansion chamber, a flame arrester body, and a protective pipe. The flame arrester body includes a flame arrester shell, a front flame diversion island located inside the flame arrester shell, an outer flame arresting layer, and an inner flame arresting layer. The outer fire-resistant layer is disposed around the inner fire-resistant layer, and a gap channel is formed between the outer fire-resistant layer and the inner fire-resistant layer. The outer side of the inner fire-resistant layer is provided with a first channel port array communicating with the gap channel, and the inner side of the inner fire-resistant layer is provided with a second channel port array communicating with the first channel port array. The pre-flame diversion island is located at one end of the inner fire-resistant layer, diverting the flame to the outer fire-resistant layer and the gap channel formed between the outer fire-resistant layer and the inner fire-resistant layer. The venting pipe is connected to one end of the flame arrester body equipped with a front flame diversion island via an expansion chamber. The protective conduit is connected to the other end of the flame arrester body and communicates with the second channel array.

[0009] In this technical solution, the expansion cavity is used to slow down the flame, the pre-flame diversion island is used to divert and weaken the flame energy, the outer flame arrestor layer is used to handle most of the diverted flame, and the inner flame arrestor layer is used to handle a small portion of the flame entering the gap channel. Through the cooperation of the expansion cavity, the pre-flame diversion island, and the inner and outer double flame arrestor layers, the impact energy per unit area of ​​the core flame arrestor element (inner flame arrestor layer) can be significantly reduced, avoiding single-point overload. At the same time, it increases the contact area with the flame and the heat dissipation area, dispersing the flame impact energy and achieving a good flame arresting effect.

[0010] Furthermore, the first channel array (which also serves as the hydrogen outlet for the inner flame arrester) is located on the outer side of the inner flame arrester. By forcibly changing the direction of flame movement, it forces the flame to enter the inner flame arrester from the side, thus avoiding direct impact on the inner flame arrester, reducing the impact velocity of the flame, and extending the residence time of the flame inside the flame arrester body. Moreover, the flame must first pass through a narrow gap channel before entering the inner flame arrester through the first channel array, which effectively reduces the flame temperature and improves the flame quenching effect.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer fire-resistant layer includes a metal wire layer, a metal grid plate, and an outer fire-resistant base; The outer flame arrestor base is connected to the flame arrester housing; The metal grid plate is located around the metal wire layer, and both are connected to the outer fire-resistant base. A gap channel is formed between the metal wire layer and the inner fire-resistant layer.

[0012] In this technical solution, the metal wire layer is located between the metal grid plate and the inner fire-resistant layer, so that the metal grid plate and the inner fire-resistant layer are not connected. When the flame impacts the metal grid plate of the outer fire-resistant layer, the pressure wave will only remain in the metal grid plate of the outer fire-resistant layer and gradually disappear.

[0013] Furthermore, the metal wire layer includes metal wires, a first metal wire mesh, and a second metal wire mesh; The first and second metal wire meshes are arranged in concentric circles, forming a sandwich space between them; The metal wire is disposed within the interlayer space.

[0014] In this technical solution, the metal wire effectively isolates and absorbs the pressure waves generated in the cavity between the inner and outer flame arrestor layers. Simultaneously, the pressure waves generated when the flame contacts the inner flame arrestor layer in the gap channel are scattered and absorbed by the complex wire mesh structure after contacting the metal wire, effectively reducing the pressure waves reflected back to the inner flame arrestor layer. By isolating and absorbing pressure waves, the inner flame arrestor layer is effectively protected, preventing damage to the flame arrester body from the coupling effect of the flame and pressure waves.

[0015] Furthermore, the front flame diversion island is provided with a diversion structure that faces the expansion cavity and diverts the flame from the center to the surrounding area. Through this diversion structure, the flame that has been slowed down by the expansion cavity can be diverted to the outer flame arrestor layer and the inner flame arrestor layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the front flame diversion island is provided with energy attenuation channels that are directly opposite the expansion cavity and are evenly distributed (capable of accommodating the flame). The energy attenuation channels can attenuate the energy of the flame after it has been decelerated by the expansion cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner fire-resistant layer includes a first inner fire-resistant connector, a second inner fire-resistant connector, and a fire-resistant array; The flame arrester array is connected between the first inner flame arrester connector and the second inner flame arrester connector. The front flame diversion island is connected to the first internal flame arrestor connecting seat. The second inner flame arrestor connector is connected to the outer flame arrestor layer and the flame arrester housing.

[0018] Furthermore, the flame-arresting array includes multiple flame-arresting units arranged in a circular distribution; The flame arrestor unit is provided with Tesla sub-channels on both sides; The Tesla sub-channel on the side of each fire arrester unit merges with the Tesla sub-channel on the side of another adjacent fire arrester unit to form a complete Tesla channel. Each complete Tesla channel corresponds to a first channel port in the first channel port array and a second channel port in the second channel port array.

[0019] In this technical solution, by utilizing the narrow and curved Tesla channel structure, the flame entering the Tesla channel after passing through the gap channel will be subject to great resistance due to the reverse flow of the channel, forcing the flame to remain in the Tesla channel. This fully utilizes the dual quenching effect of free radical absorption by the wall effect and heat absorption and cooling by the cold wall effect, which can more efficiently quench the flame that has been weakened by the previous steps.

[0020] Furthermore, the tilted arrangement of the complete Tesla channel provides excellent fire-retardant effect. In addition, when the device is set vertically, the height of the hydrogen inlet of the Tesla channel (i.e., the corresponding second channel in the second channel array) is lower than the height of the hydrogen outlet of the corresponding Tesla channel (i.e., the corresponding first channel in the first channel array). This is beneficial for hydrogen to flow completely through the Tesla channel by buoyancy during the release process without remaining in the Tesla channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the first inner flame arrestor connector is provided with a conical protrusion facing the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer and extending into the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer. Through this conical protrusion, hydrogen gas entering the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer from the protective pipe flows to the surrounding area of ​​the channel, thereby entering the corresponding Tesla channel through the second channel port of the second channel port array, ensuring that no hydrogen gas remains in the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer (the device is set in a vertical state).

[0022] Furthermore, the venting pipe and the expansion chamber, the flame arrester body and the expansion chamber, and the protective pipe are all connected by flanges, bolts, and nuts to ensure the sealing and structural stability of the device under high-pressure conditions.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the principles and advantages of this technical solution are as follows: The expansion chamber slows down the flame, the pre-flame diversion island diverts and weakens the flame energy, the outer flame arrestor layer handles most of the diverted flame, and the inner flame arrestor layer handles a small portion of the flame entering the gap channel. Through the combined use of the expansion chamber, the pre-flame diversion island, and the inner and outer double flame arrestor layers, the impact energy per unit area of ​​the core flame arrestor element (inner flame arrestor layer) can be significantly reduced, preventing single-point overload. Simultaneously, it increases the contact area with the flame and the heat dissipation area, dispersing the flame impact energy and achieving a good flame arresting effect.

[0024] Furthermore, the first channel array (which also serves as the hydrogen outlet for the inner flame arrester) is located on the outer side of the inner flame arrester. By forcibly changing the direction of flame movement, it forces the flame to enter the inner flame arrester from the side, thus avoiding direct impact on the inner flame arrester, reducing the impact velocity of the flame, and extending the residence time of the flame inside the flame arrester body. Moreover, the flame must first pass through a narrow gap channel before entering the inner flame arrester through the first channel array, which effectively reduces the flame temperature and improves the flame quenching effect.

[0025] The metal wire layer is located between the metal grid plate and the inner fire-resistant layer, so that the metal grid plate and the inner fire-resistant layer are not connected. When the flame impacts the metal grid plate of the outer fire-resistant layer, the pressure wave will only remain in the metal grid plate of the outer fire-resistant layer and gradually disappear.

[0026] The metal wire effectively isolates and absorbs pressure waves generated in the cavity between the inner and outer flame arrestor layers. Simultaneously, pressure waves generated when the flame contacts the inner flame arrestor layer in the gap channel are scattered and absorbed by the complex wire mesh structure upon contact with the metal wire, effectively reducing pressure waves reflected back to the inner flame arrestor layer. By isolating and absorbing pressure waves, the inner flame arrestor layer is effectively protected, preventing damage to the flame arrester body from the coupling effect of the flame and pressure waves.

[0027] The front flame diversion island is equipped with a diversion structure that faces the expansion cavity and diverts the flame outward from the center. This diversion structure can divert the flame, which has been slowed down by the expansion cavity, to the outer and inner flame arrestor layers. In addition, the front flame diversion island is also equipped with energy attenuation channels that face the expansion cavity and are evenly distributed (capable of accommodating the flame). These energy attenuation channels can attenuate the energy of the flame after it has been slowed down by the expansion cavity.

[0028] By utilizing the narrow, curved Tesla channel structure, the flame entering the Tesla channel after passing through the gap channel will encounter great resistance due to the reverse flow in the channel, forcing the flame to remain in the Tesla channel. This fully utilizes the dual quenching effect of free radical absorption by the wall effect and heat absorption and cooling by the cold wall effect, which can more efficiently quench the flame that has been weakened by the previous steps. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a layered flexible explosion-proof and fire-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the flame arrester body in a layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a layered cross-sectional structural diagram of a layered flexible explosion-proof and fire-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a radial cross-sectional view of a layered flexible explosion suppression and fire arrestor safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a layered flexible explosion suppression and flame arrestor safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to the present invention. Figure 5 (The display is horizontal; during normal use, it is in a vertical position, meaning hydrogen is supplied from bottom to top). Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the explosion-proof operation principle of a layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a flame arrestor unit; Figure 8 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0031] Figure label: 1-Flame arrester housing; 2-Expansion chamber; 3-Vent pipe; 4-Protective pipe; 11-Inner flame arrester layer; 12-Outer flame arrester layer; 120-Metal grid plate; 121-Outer flame arrester base; 122-Metal wire layer; 123-Metal wire; 124-Metal wire mesh assembly; 130-First inner flame arrester connector; 140-Flame arrester array; 143-First connecting threaded hole; 144-Tesla channel; 145-Second connecting threaded hole; 150-Second inner flame arrester connector; 160-Front flame diversion island; 161-First channel port array; 166-Second channel port array. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments: like Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the figure, the layered flexible explosion suppression and fire arrestor safety device based on the Tesla valve structure described in this embodiment includes a venting pipe 3, an expansion chamber 2, a flame arrester body, and a protective pipe 4. The flame arrester body includes a flame arrester shell 1, a pre-flame diversion island 160 located inside the flame arrester shell 1, an outer flame arresting layer 12, and an inner flame arresting layer 11. The outer flame arresting layer 12 is located around the inner flame arresting layer 11, and a gap channel is formed between the outer flame arresting layer 12 and the inner flame arresting layer 11. The outer side of the inner flame arresting layer 11 is provided with a first channel port array 161 communicating with the gap channel, and the inner side of the inner flame arresting layer 11 is provided with a second channel port array 166 communicating with the first channel port array 161. The pre-flame diversion island 160 is located at one end of the inner flame arresting layer 11, diverting the flame to the outer flame arresting layer 12 and the gap channel formed between the outer flame arresting layer 12 and the inner flame arresting layer 11. The venting pipe 3 is connected to the end of the flame arrester body where the pre-flame diversion island 160 is located through the expansion cavity 2. The protection pipe 4 is connected to the other end of the flame arrester body and communicates with the second channel port array 166.

[0033] In this embodiment, the expansion cavity 2 is used to slow down the flame, the pre-flame diversion island 160 is used to divert and weaken the flame energy, the outer flame arrestor layer 12 is used to handle most of the diverted flame, and the inner flame arrestor layer 11 is used to handle a small portion of the flame entering the gap channel. Through the cooperation of the expansion cavity 2, the pre-flame diversion island 160, and the inner and outer double flame arrestor layers, the impact energy per unit area of ​​the core flame arrestor element (inner flame arrestor layer 11) can be significantly reduced, avoiding single-point overload, while increasing the contact area and heat dissipation area with the flame, dispersing the flame impact energy, and achieving a better flame arresting effect. In addition, the first channel array 161 (which is also the hydrogen outlet of the inner flame arrestor layer 11) is set on the outer side of the inner flame arrestor layer 11 as the flame inlet of the inner flame arrestor layer 11. By forcibly changing the direction of flame movement, the flame is forced to enter the inner flame arrestor layer 11 from the side, which can both prevent the inner flame arrestor layer 11 from being impacted from the front and reduce the impact velocity of the flame, thus prolonging the time the flame stays inside the flame arrestor body. Moreover, the flame must first pass through a narrow gap channel before it can enter the inner flame-resistant layer 11 through the first channel array 161, which can effectively reduce the flame temperature and improve the flame quenching effect.

[0034] Specifically, the outer fire-resistant layer 12 includes a metal wire layer 122, a metal grid plate 120, and an outer fire-resistant base 121; The outer flame arrestor base 121 is connected to the flame arrester housing 1; the metal grid plate 120 is disposed around the metal wire layer 122, and both are connected to the outer flame arrestor base 121; a gap channel is formed between the metal wire layer 122 and the inner flame arrestor layer 11. The metal wire layer 122 includes metal wires 123 and a metal wire mesh assembly 124, and the metal wire mesh assembly 124 includes a first metal wire mesh and a second metal wire mesh; the first metal wire mesh and the second metal wire mesh are arranged in concentric circles, forming a sandwich space between them; the metal wires 123 are disposed within the sandwich space.

[0035] In this embodiment, the metal wire layer 122 is located between the metal grid plate 120 and the inner flame arrestor layer 11, so that the metal grid plate 120 and the inner flame arrestor layer 11 are not connected. When the flame impacts the metal grid plate 120 of the outer flame arrestor layer 12, the pressure wave will only remain within the metal grid plate 120 of the outer flame arrestor layer 12 and gradually disappear. In addition, the metal wire 123 can effectively isolate and absorb the pressure wave generated in the cavity between the inner flame arrestor layer 11 and the outer flame arrestor layer 12. At the same time, the pressure wave generated when the flame contacts the inner flame arrestor layer 11 in the gap channel will be scattered and absorbed by the complex wire mesh structure after contacting the metal wire 123, which can effectively reduce the pressure wave reflected to the inner flame arrestor layer 11. By isolating and absorbing the pressure wave, the inner flame arrestor layer 11 can be effectively protected, and the coupling effect of the flame and the pressure wave can be avoided from damaging the flame arrestor body.

[0036] Specifically, the front flame diversion island 160 is provided with a diversion structure that faces the expansion cavity and diverts the flame from the center to the surrounding area. The diversion structure is conical and can divert the flame after it has been decelerated by the expansion cavity to the outer flame arrestor layer 12 and the inner flame arrestor layer 11. In addition, the front flame diversion island 160 is also provided with energy attenuation channels that face the expansion cavity and are evenly distributed. The energy attenuation channels can attenuate the energy of the flame after it has been decelerated by the expansion cavity.

[0037] Specifically, the inner fire-resistant layer 11 includes a first inner fire-resistant connector 130, a second inner fire-resistant connector 150, and a fire-resistant array 140. The flame arrester array 140 is connected between the first inner flame arrester connector 130 and the second inner flame arrester connector 150; the front flame diversion island 160 is threadedly connected to the first inner flame arrester connector 130; the second inner flame arrester connector 150 is connected to the outer flame arrester layer 12 and the flame arrester housing 1.

[0038] The flame arresting array 140 includes 48 flame arresting units arranged in a circular pattern. Each flame arresting unit has a first connecting threaded hole 143 and a second connecting threaded hole 145 pre-drilled at both ends. Each flame arresting unit is fixedly connected to the first inner flame arresting connector 130 and the second inner flame arresting connector 150 by engaging with corresponding screws through its first connecting threaded hole 143 and the second connecting threaded hole 145, thus ensuring the integrity of the inner flame arresting layer 11. In addition, each flame arresting unit has a Tesla sub-channel on both sides. The Tesla sub-channel on the side of each flame arresting unit merges with the Tesla sub-channel on the side of another adjacent flame arresting unit to form an inclined and complete Tesla channel 144. The channel opening of each complete Tesla channel 144 corresponds to a first channel opening in the first channel opening array 161 and a second channel opening in the second channel opening array 166.

[0039] In this embodiment, by utilizing the narrow and curved Tesla channel 144 structure, the flame entering the Tesla channel 144 after passing through the gap channel will be subject to great resistance due to the reverse flow of the channel, forcing the flame to remain in the Tesla channel 144. This fully utilizes the dual quenching effect of free radical absorption by the wall effect and heat absorption and cooling by the cold wall effect, and can more efficiently quench the flame that has been weakened by the previous steps.

[0040] The tilted and complete Tesla channel 144 can provide a good flame-retardant effect. In addition, when the device is set in a vertical position, the height of the hydrogen inlet of the Tesla channel 144 (i.e. the corresponding second channel in the second channel array 166) is lower than the height of the hydrogen outlet of the corresponding Tesla channel 144 (i.e. the corresponding first channel in the first channel array 161). This is beneficial for hydrogen to flow through the Tesla channel 144 completely by buoyancy during the release process without being stuck in the Tesla channel 144.

[0041] Specifically, the first inner flame arrestor connector 130 is provided with a conical protrusion facing the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer 11 and extending into the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer 11. The conical protrusion allows the hydrogen gas entering the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer 11 from the protective pipe 4 to flow to the surrounding area of ​​the channel, thereby entering the corresponding Tesla channel 144 through the second channel port of the second channel port array 166, ensuring that no hydrogen gas remains in the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer 11.

[0042] Specifically, the venting pipe 3 and the expansion chamber 2, the flame arrester body and the expansion chamber 2, and the protection pipe 4 are all connected by flanges, bolts, and nuts to ensure the sealing and structural stability of the device under high pressure conditions.

[0043] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on the Tesla valve structure is in normal use, the expansion chamber 2 and the flame arrester body are vertically installed between the venting pipe 3 and the protective pipe 4, and the protective pipe 4 is installed below the flame arrester body.

[0044] When no fire or other dangerous situation occurs, hydrogen flows from bottom to top into the inner channel of the inner fire-resistant layer 11 under the action of buoyancy. At this time, since the height of the channel opening (i.e. hydrogen inlet) on the inner side of the inner fire-resistant layer 11 is lower than the height of the channel opening (i.e. hydrogen outlet) on the outer side of the inner fire-resistant layer 11, the hydrogen flows stably under the drive of buoyancy and flows through the Tesla channel 144 in the fire-resistant array 140 and the gap channel between the metal wire layer 122 and the fire-resistant array 140 in sequence.

[0045] In the event of a fire or other dangerous situation, the mixture of hydrogen and air in the venting pipe 3 is ignited. The flame propagates forward along the venting pipe 3, passes through the expansion chamber 2, is slowed down by the expansion chamber 2, and reaches the flame arrester body. It then impacts the pre-flame diversion island 160. Part of the flame enters the energy attenuation channel of the pre-flame diversion island 160. With the combined effect of the wall effect and the cold wall effect, the flame propagation speed and flame temperature are initially attenuated. The flame is further diverted by the pre-flame diversion island 160 to the outer flame arrestor layer 12, while most of the flame enters the metal grid plate 120. Figure 6 As shown, after the flame enters the metal grid plate 120, it is divided into multiple smaller flames, increasing the contact area between the flame and the metal grid plate 120. Under the influence of the cold wall effect and the vessel wall effect, the metal grid plate 120 continuously absorbs the flame temperature, causing the hydrogen flame temperature to continuously decrease, the reaction rate to slow down, and eventually extinguishing within the metal grid plate 120. Another small portion of the flame enters the gap channel between the metal wire layer 122 and the inner flame arrestor layer 11 flame arrestor array 140. The flame continues to propagate forward in the gap channel and enters the Tesla channel 144 from the first channel opening array 161 on the side of the flame arrestor array 140. During this process, the pressure wave generated by the flame contacting the flame arrestor array 140 of the inner flame arrestor layer 11 in the gap channel contacts and enters the metal wire layer 122. The pressure wave undergoes repeated reflections within the metal wire layer 122, and its energy continuously attenuates, reducing the impact of the continuously reflected and stacked pressure waves on the flame arrestor array 140. Finally, the flame enters the Tesla channel 144 region, where a multi-factor coupled flame-arresting mechanism occurs: First, after the flame enters the Tesla channel 144 region, the leading pressure wave arrives at the first annular structure earlier than the flame. The reflection of the pressure wave hinders the forward propagation of the flame. When the flame flows through the Tesla channel 144, the flame kinetic energy is greatly weakened by turbulent dissipation. At the same time, the pressure wave is constantly reflected within the Tesla channel 144, and the constantly reflected pressure wave, in turn, inhibits the forward movement of the flame. Meanwhile, since most of the flame is quenched by the outer flame-arresting layer 12, the temperature of the inner flame-arresting layer 11 is lower than that of the outer flame-arresting layer 12, and the cold wall effect is more significant. The convective cooling effect of the flame entering the gap channel and the Tesla channel 144 of the inner flame-arresting layer 11 can significantly reduce the flame temperature. Furthermore, as the flame flows through the Tesla channel 144, a large number of free radicals are absorbed by the wall effect during continuous turning and collision, and the reaction rate of the flame is greatly reduced, thereby achieving a highly efficient, stable, and reliable flame-arresting function.

[0046] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any changes made in accordance with the shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure, characterized in that, This includes venting pipes, expansion chambers, flame arrester bodies, and protective pipes; The flame arrester body includes a flame arrester shell, a front flame diversion island located inside the flame arrester shell, an outer flame arresting layer, and an inner flame arresting layer. The outer fire-resistant layer is disposed around the inner fire-resistant layer, and a gap channel is formed between the outer fire-resistant layer and the inner fire-resistant layer. The outer side of the inner fire-resistant layer is provided with a first channel port array communicating with the gap channel, and the inner side of the inner fire-resistant layer is provided with a second channel port array communicating with the first channel port array. The pre-flame diversion island is located at one end of the inner fire-resistant layer, diverting the flame to the outer fire-resistant layer and the gap channel formed between the outer fire-resistant layer and the inner fire-resistant layer. The venting pipe is connected to one end of the flame arrester body equipped with a front flame diversion island via an expansion chamber. The protective conduit is connected to the other end of the flame arrester body and communicates with the second channel array.

2. The layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer fire-resistant layer includes a metal wire layer, a metal grid plate, and an outer fire-resistant base; The outer flame arrestor base is connected to the flame arrester housing; The metal grid plate is located around the metal wire layer, and both are connected to the outer fire-resistant base. A gap channel is formed between the metal wire layer and the inner flame-retardant layer.

3. The layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal wire layer includes metal wires, a first metal wire mesh, and a second metal wire mesh; The first and second metal wire meshes are arranged in concentric circles, forming a sandwich space between them; The metal wire is disposed within the interlayer space.

4. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front flame diversion island is equipped with a diversion structure that faces the expansion cavity and diverts the flow from the center outwards.

5. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front flame diversion island is equipped with energy attenuation channels that are directly opposite the expansion cavity and are evenly distributed.

6. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner fire-resistant layer includes a first inner fire-resistant connector, a second inner fire-resistant connector, and a fire-resistant array. The flame arrester array is connected between the first inner flame arrester connector and the second inner flame arrester connector. The front flame diversion island is connected to the first internal flame arrestor connecting seat. The second inner flame arrestor connector is connected to the outer flame arrestor layer and the flame arrester housing.

7. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flame arresting array includes multiple flame arresting units arranged in a circular distribution. The flame arrestor unit is provided with Tesla sub-channels on both sides; The Tesla sub-channel on the side of each fire-arresting unit merges with the Tesla sub-channel on the side of another adjacent fire-arresting unit to form a complete Tesla channel. Each complete Tesla channel corresponds to a first channel port in the first channel port array and a second channel port in the second channel port array.

8. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The complete Tesla channels are set at an angle, and the height of the channel opening inside the inner fire barrier is lower than the height of the channel opening outside the inner fire barrier.

9. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first inner flame arrestor connector is provided with a conical protrusion that faces the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer and extends into the inner channel of the inner flame arrestor layer.

10. A layered flexible explosion-proof and flame-arresting safety device based on a Tesla valve structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The venting pipe and the expansion chamber, the flame arrester body and the expansion chamber, and the protection pipe are all connected by flanges, bolts, and nuts.

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