Welding device and using method thereof
By designing a swing-type welding device and utilizing a combination of rotating and fixed beams, welding simulation under different gravity environments was achieved. This solved the problems of high cost, short simulation time, and lack of realism in existing technologies, and provided a stable and low-cost welding simulation solution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511854306.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing weightlessness/weightlessness simulation devices are costly, have short simulation times, are difficult to observe and experience intuitively, lack realism, and have low computer modeling and simulation efficiency, making it impossible to realistically simulate the laser welding process.
Design a swing-type welding device that uses a combination of rotating and fixed beams and a rotary drive mechanism to rotate the welding platform at different angular velocities to simulate overweight, low-gravity, or weightless states. Combined with a laser welding mechanism that automatically opens and closes within a specific angular range, it simulates the welding process under different gravity environments.
It enables stable simulation of welding in hypergravity, hypogravity, or weightlessness environments at low cost, providing a realistic welding experience, reducing research costs and time requirements, and improving the realism and immersion of the simulation.
Smart Images
Figure CN121589435A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a welding apparatus and its method of use. Background Technology
[0002] Laser welding technology, with its advantages of high welding speed, high weld quality, and small heat-affected zone, is widely used in aerospace, energy equipment, and precision manufacturing. With the increasing demand for avionics, aerospace materials, and deep space probes, more and more critical structural components require welding performance studies under special gravity conditions. For example, during spacecraft launch, orbital operation, and reentry, the workpieces being welded may be in hypergravity, hypogravity, or weightlessness environments, and their material mechanical properties, molten pool morphology, and weld solidification behavior often differ significantly from those under conventional 1g ground conditions. However, existing hypergravity / weightlessness simulation devices suffer from high costs, short simulation times, or difficulty in intuitive observation and perception, lacking realism and immersion. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. This application provides a welding apparatus and its method of use, which can simulate hypergravity, hypogravity, and even weightlessness environments at a relatively low cost, while providing researchers with a more realistic experience.
[0004] The welding apparatus according to the first aspect of this application includes: The main frame is provided with a support portion, and the support portion is provided with a first rotating component; A rotating beam, which is hollow and rotatably connected to the main frame via the first rotating component; A fixed beam is rotatably connected to the rotating beam via a second rotating component, and the fixed beam is stationary relative to the main frame; At least one welding platform, said welding platform being fixedly connected to the rotating beam via a first connecting component; A first welding mechanism is connected to the fixed beam, and the output end of the first welding mechanism faces downward. The second welding mechanism is located on the upper side of the main frame, and the output end of the second welding mechanism faces downward. A rotary drive mechanism is mounted on the main frame, and the output end of the rotary drive mechanism is connected to the rotary beam.
[0005] The welding apparatus according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The welding apparatus of this application includes a main frame, a rotating beam, a fixed beam, a first welding mechanism, a second welding mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and at least one welding platform. The main frame has a support portion, and the support portion has a first rotating component. The rotating beam is hollow and rotatably connected to the support portion on the main frame via the first rotating component. The fixed beam is stationary relative to the main frame. The rotating beam is mounted on the outside of the fixed beam, and an air layer is provided between the inside of the rotating beam and the outside of the fixed beam. The fixed beam is rotatably connected to the rotating beam via the second rotating component, meaning the rotating beam can rotate relative to the fixed beam and the main frame. The welding platform is connected to the rotating beam via a first connecting component. The first welding mechanism is connected to the fixed beam, and its output end faces downwards. The second welding mechanism is located on the upper side of the main frame, and its output end also faces downwards. A rotation drive mechanism is located on the main frame, and its output end is connected to the rotating beam, causing the rotating beam to rotate at a preset angular velocity and synchronously rotating the welding platform.
[0006] The custom welding platform is 0° at the lowest point and 180° at the highest point.
[0007] During heavy-duty welding, the parts to be welded are fixed to the first side of the welding platform. The rotary drive mechanism drives the welding platform to rotate at a first preset angular velocity via a rotating beam, so that the welding platform is in a heavy-duty state when it is at its lowest point. When the welding platform rotates to 340°, the first welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser to the first side. When the welding platform continues to rotate to 20°, the first welding mechanism is deactivated, completing the heavy-duty welding cycle. When the welding platform rotates back to 340°, the next heavy-duty welding cycle begins, until the welding is completed.
[0008] During weightlessness welding, the parts to be welded are fixed to the second side of the welding platform. The rotation drive mechanism drives the welding platform to rotate at a second preset angular velocity via a rotating beam, so that the welding platform is in a low-gravity or weightless state when it is at its highest point. When the welding platform rotates to 160°, the second welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser to the second side. When the welding platform continues to rotate to 200°, the second welding mechanism is deactivated, completing the weightlessness welding cycle. When the welding platform rotates back to 160°, the next weightlessness welding cycle begins, until the welding is completed.
[0009] This application provides a novel swing-type welding device. By controlling the angular velocity of the rotating beam, the welding platform can be subjected to states of overweight, low gravity, or even weightlessness during rotation, enabling welding tests on the same component under different gravity levels. Since the rotating drive mechanism continuously drives the rotating beam, the welding platform periodically passes through the working area of the welding mechanism, thus simulating continuous welding operations under specific mechanical conditions.
[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the first welding mechanism includes a first laser device, a first galvanometer assembly, and a galvanometer support frame. The first laser device is disposed on the main frame, the galvanometer support frame is fixedly connected to the fixed beam through a second connecting component, and the first galvanometer assembly is disposed on the galvanometer support frame. The fixed beam is provided with a hollow channel and a through hole, and the two ends of the through hole are respectively connected to the hollow channel and the input end of the first galvanometer assembly.
[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the first welding mechanism further includes a first optical cable, one end of which is connected to the output end of the first laser device, and the other end of which passes through the hollow channel and the through hole in sequence and is connected to the first galvanometer assembly.
[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the output end of the first laser device faces the hollow channel, and the hollow channel is provided with a reflector at the through hole.
[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the second welding mechanism includes a second laser device, a second galvanometer assembly, and a lateral movement mechanism. The output end of the second laser device is connected to the second galvanometer assembly, and the lateral movement mechanism is disposed on the main frame and connected to the second galvanometer assembly.
[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the welding platform includes a connecting rod and a welding plane, with the two ends of the connecting rod respectively connected to the first connecting component and the welding plane; the welding plane is provided with a groove and a plurality of fixing holes.
[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, two welding platforms are included, which are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating beam.
[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the first galvanometer assembly includes a focusing lens component and a galvanometer component, wherein the focusing lens component is disposed on the upper side of the galvanometer component.
[0017] The method of using the welding apparatus according to the second aspect of this application, applied to the welding apparatus described in the above embodiment, wherein the customized welding platform is at a minimum point of 0° and a maximum point of 180°, includes: SA1: The welding platform is rotated by a rotary drive mechanism; SA2: When the welding platform rotates to 340°, the first welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser; SA3: When the welding platform rotates to 20°, the first welding mechanism closes, completing one cycle of heavy-duty mode welding; SA4: Repeat steps SA2 to SA3 until welding is complete; and / or SB1: The welding platform is rotated by a rotary drive mechanism; SB2: When the welding platform rotates to 160°, the second welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser; SB3: When the welding platform rotates to 200°, the second welding mechanism shuts down, completing one cycle of weightless mode welding; SB4: Repeat steps SB2 to SB3 until the welding is complete.
[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the first welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser, which includes: the first laser device is activated and emits a laser, and the laser sequentially passes through a hollow channel, a reflector, and a through hole before entering the first galvanometer assembly. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A front view structural diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the left-side view structure; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the right-side view structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a welding platform according to an embodiment of this application.
[0020] Figure label: Main frame 1; Supporting part 11; Rotating beam 2; First rotating component 21; First bearing 22; First connecting component 23; Fixed beam 3; second rotating component 31; second bearing 32; second connecting component 33; Welding platform 4; connecting rod 41; welding plane 42; first side 421; second side 422; groove 423; fixing hole 424; First welding mechanism 5; first laser device 51; first galvanometer assembly 52; focusing lens component 521; galvanometer component 522; galvanometer support frame 53; Second welding mechanism 6; second laser device 61; second galvanometer assembly 62; lateral movement mechanism 63; first drive component 631; lead screw 632; guide rail 633; slider 634; Rotary drive mechanism 7; second drive assembly 71; coupling 72; second flange 73. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "center," "middle," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0024] Existing technologies for simulating special gravity environments include parabolic flight experiments and computer modeling simulation experiments. While parabolic flight experiments can achieve a weightless environment by flying along a specific parabolic trajectory, the duration is short, with each instance of weightlessness lasting only 20 to 25 seconds. Secondly, the aircraft needs to go around the hurdle to repeat the experiment, resulting in a long cycle. Furthermore, the cost of a single flight is as high as $5,800, severely limiting the number and scale of experiments. In addition, the weightless environment is unstable due to factors such as airflow during flight, potentially introducing significant errors into the experimental results. Computer modeling simulation experiments, on the other hand, require simplification and assumptions about the actual physical system. This process may overlook key factors, leading to modeling errors and discretization errors. Moreover, for complex laser welding processes, especially those involving multi-physics coupling, significant computational resources and time are required, resulting in low simulation efficiency and a lack of realism and experiential engagement, preventing researchers from intuitively understanding the physical phenomena during the welding process.
[0025] Therefore, refer to the following Figures 1 to 6 The welding apparatus and its usage method in the embodiments of this application are described.
[0026] according to Figures 1 to 5As shown, a welding apparatus according to one embodiment of this application includes a main frame 1, a rotating beam 2, a fixed beam 3, a first welding mechanism 5, a second welding mechanism 6, a rotating mechanism, and at least one welding platform 4. The main frame 1 has two support portions 11, each with a first rotating component 21. The rotating beam 2 is hollow and rotatably connected to the support portions 11 on the main frame 1 via the first rotating component 21, allowing the rotating beam 2 to rotate relative to the main frame 1. The fixed beam 3 is stationary relative to the main frame 1. A second rotating component 31 is provided on the outer side of the rotating beam 2, and the rotating beam 2 is mounted on the outer side of the fixed beam 3 via the second rotating component 31. An air layer exists between the inner side of the rotating beam 2 and the outer side of the fixed beam 3. The fixed beam 3 is rotatably connected to the rotating beam 2 via the second rotating component 31. The rotating beam 2 can rotate relative to the fixed beam 3 and the main frame 1, while the fixed beam 3 does not move with the rotating beam 2. The welding platform 4 has a first side 421 and a second side 422. The welding platform 4 is connected to the rotating beam 2 via a first connecting component 23, and the welding platform 4 can move synchronously with the rotating beam 2. The first welding mechanism 5 is connected to the fixed beam 3, that is, the first welding mechanism 5 is stationary. The output end of the first welding mechanism 5 faces downward, and it can perform overload mode welding when the welding platform 4 passes through a specific angle area below it. The second welding mechanism 6 is installed on the upper side of the main frame 1. The output end of the second welding mechanism 6 faces downward, and it can perform weightlessness mode welding when the welding platform 4 passes through a specific area below it. The rotation drive mechanism 7 is installed on the main frame 1. The output end of the rotation drive mechanism 7 is connected to the rotating beam 2, so that the rotating beam 2 rotates at a preset angular velocity and drives the welding platform 4 to perform circular motion synchronously.
[0027] Custom welding platform 4 is 0° at the lowest point and 180° at the highest point.
[0028] During heavy-duty welding, the component to be welded is fixed to the first side 421 of the welding platform 4. The rotation drive mechanism 7 drives the welding platform 4 to rotate at a first preset angular velocity via the rotation beam 2, so that the welding platform 4 is in a heavy-duty state when it is at its lowest point. When the welding platform 4 rotates to 340°, the first welding mechanism 5 is activated and emits a laser to the first side 421. When the welding platform 4 continues to rotate to 20°, the first welding mechanism 5 is deactivated, completing the heavy-duty welding cycle. When the welding platform 4 rotates back to 340°, the next heavy-duty welding cycle begins, until the welding is completed.
[0029] During weightlessness welding, the parts to be welded are fixed on the second side 422 of the welding platform 4. The rotation drive mechanism 7 drives the welding platform 4 to rotate at a second preset angular velocity via the rotation beam 2, so that the welding platform 4 is in a low-gravity or weightless state when it is at its highest point. When the welding platform 4 rotates to 160°, the second welding mechanism 6 is activated and emits a laser to the second side 422. When the welding platform 4 continues to rotate to 200°, the second welding mechanism 6 is deactivated, completing the weightlessness welding cycle. When the welding platform 4 rotates back to 160°, the next weightlessness welding cycle begins until the welding is completed.
[0030] This application provides a novel swing-type welding device. By controlling the angular velocity of the rotating beam 2, the welding platform 4 can be subjected to states of hypergravity, hypogravity, and even weightlessness during rotation, enabling welding experiments on the same component under different gravity levels. Since the rotating drive mechanism 7 continuously drives the rotating beam 2, the welding platform 4 periodically passes through the working area of the welding mechanism, thus simulating continuous welding operations under specific mechanical conditions. The welding device of this application has low construction costs and does not rely on special equipment; continuous and stable rotational motion can be achieved solely through the rotating drive mechanism 7, significantly reducing the technical threshold and funding required for related research, demonstrating significant practical advantages and innovative value. Simultaneously, the welding device of this application can stably and reliably simulate the welding process under hypergravity and weightlessness environments, allowing researchers to directly observe and personally experience key physical phenomena such as the dynamic changes of the molten pool and welding spatter. Compared to pure computer simulation, the welding device of this application is more realistic and immersive, solving the problems of lack of realism in computer modeling and the high cost, long cycle, and non-repeatability of parabolic flight simulation experiments.
[0031] In some embodiments, the first rotating component 21 is configured as a first bearing 22, the outer side of the rotating beam 2 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the first bearing 22, and the support portion 11 of the main frame 1 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the first bearing 22.
[0032] In some embodiments, the fixed beam 3 is fixedly connected to the main frame 1, so that the fixed beam 3 is stationary relative to the main frame 1. The rotating beam 2 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed beam 3. The inner wall of the rotating beam 2 and the outer side of the fixed beam 3 have an air layer. The second rotating component 31 is disposed in the air layer. The fixed beam 3 is rotatably connected to the rotating beam 2 through the second rotating component 31, so that the rotating beam 2 can rotate relative to the fixed beam 3 and the main frame 1.
[0033] In some embodiments, the second rotating component 31 is configured as a second bearing 32, the outer side of the fixed beam 3 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the second bearing 32, and the inner side of the rotating beam 2 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the second bearing 32. In some embodiments, the rotating beam 2 is rotatably connected to the support portion 11 of the main frame 1 via the first bearing 22, and the fixed beam 3 is rotatably connected to the rotating beam 2 only via the second bearing 32.
[0034] In some embodiments, the main frame 1 is fixed to the foundation by a first flange (not shown), making the main frame 1 more stable.
[0035] according to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the first welding mechanism 5 includes a first laser device 51, a first galvanometer assembly 52, and a galvanometer support frame 53. The first laser device 51 is mounted on the main frame 1 and is used to generate laser light. A second connecting component 33 is provided on the fixed beam 3. The galvanometer support frame 53 is fixedly connected to the fixed beam 3 via the second connecting component 33. The first galvanometer assembly 52 is fixedly mounted on the galvanometer support frame 53, with its output end facing downwards. The fixed beam 3 has a hollow channel (not shown) and a through hole (not shown) inside. The hollow channel is arranged along the axial direction of the fixed beam 3, and the through hole is arranged along the radial direction of the fixed beam 3. The two ends of the through hole are respectively connected to the hollow channel and the input end of the first galvanometer assembly 52. The through hole and the hollow channel continuously form a hole channel, which provides a path for laser transmission.
[0036] In some embodiments, both the rotating beam 2 and the fixed beam 3 are hollow circular tubes.
[0037] according to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the first welding mechanism 5 further includes a first optical cable (not shown). One end of the first optical cable is connected to the output end of the first laser device 51, and the other end of the first optical cable is connected to the input end of the first galvanometer assembly 52 after passing through a hollow channel and a through hole. When the first laser device 51 is turned on, the first laser device 51 transmits laser light to the first galvanometer assembly 52 through the first optical cable, and then the first galvanometer assembly 52 outputs the laser light to the first side surface 421 of the welding platform 4.
[0038] according to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the output end of the first laser device 51 faces the input end of the hollow channel. A reflector (not shown) is provided at the through hole of the hollow channel. The reflector can be set at a 45° tilt angle and is used to reflect and transmit the laser from the direction of the hollow channel to the direction of the through hole. When the first laser device 51 is turned on, the first laser device 51 emits laser light into the hollow channel. The laser light is emitted into the through hole through the reflector, and is output from the through hole to the first galvanometer assembly 52. Finally, the first galvanometer assembly 52 outputs the laser light onto the first side surface 421 of the welding platform 4.
[0039] according to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the second welding mechanism 6 includes a second laser device 61, a second galvanometer assembly 62, and a lateral movement mechanism 63. The second laser device 61 generates a laser beam, and its output end is connected to the second galvanometer assembly 62, with the output end of the second galvanometer assembly 62 facing downwards. The lateral movement mechanism 63 is mounted on the main frame 1 and connected to the second galvanometer assembly 62. The second galvanometer assembly 62 can move laterally relative to the main frame 1 via the lateral movement mechanism 63 to accommodate welding points at different positions.
[0040] In some embodiments, the output of the second laser device 61 is connected to the input of the second galvanometer assembly 62 via a second optical cable.
[0041] In some embodiments, the output end of the second laser device 61 faces the input end of the second galvanometer.
[0042] In some embodiments, the lateral movement mechanism 63 includes a first driving component 631 and a lead screw 632. The first driving component can be a motor. The second galvanometer assembly 62 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 632. The output end of the first driving component 631 is connected to the lead screw 632 to drive the lead screw 632 to rotate, thereby causing the second galvanometer assembly 62 to move laterally. In some embodiments, the lateral movement mechanism 63 further includes a slider 634 and a guide rail 633. The guide rail 633 is arranged parallel to the lead screw 632. The slider 634 is fixedly connected to the second galvanometer assembly 62 and is slidably mounted on the guide rail 633.
[0043] according to Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the welding platform 4 includes a connecting rod 41 and a welding plane 42. The two ends of the connecting rod 41 are respectively connected to the first connecting component 23 and the welding plane 42. The first side 421 and the second side 422 of the welding plane 42 are respectively provided with grooves 423 and a plurality of fixing holes 424. The grooves 423 are used to discharge the molten material during the welding process to avoid accumulation and affect the welding quality. The fixing holes 424 are used to connect with the fixing component to fix the workpiece to be welded on the welding plane 42.
[0044] In some embodiments, the fixing component may be a bolt or the like, enabling quick loading and unloading of workpieces of different sizes to be welded.
[0045] In some embodiments, a plurality of fixing holes 424 are distributed in a matrix array on the welding plane 42.
[0046] according to Figures 1 to 5As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the welding apparatus includes two welding platforms 4, which are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating beam 2. The two welding platforms 4 have identical shapes, which allows for more balanced force distribution on the rotating beam 2, thereby improving the overall rotational dynamic performance and service life. Simultaneously, the two welding platforms 4 can fix at least two workpieces to be welded at the same time, enabling the simultaneous execution of the same welding task on different workpieces within the same rotation cycle. This can be used for comparative experiments, improving the experimental efficiency and applicability of the welding apparatus of this application.
[0047] In some embodiments, four, eight or more welding platforms 4 may be included, with each welding platform 4 arranged in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner.
[0048] according to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the first galvanometer assembly 52 includes a focusing lens component 521 and a galvanometer component 522. The focusing lens component 521 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the galvanometer component 522. The focusing lens component 521 is used to focus the scattered laser light before inputting the laser light into the galvanometer component 522.
[0049] In some embodiments, the input end of the through hole is connected to the hollow channel of the fixed beam 3, the output end of the through hole is connected to the input end of the focusing lens component 521, and the output end of the focusing lens is connected to the input end of the galvanometer component 522.
[0050] In some embodiments, the rotary drive mechanism 7 includes a second drive assembly 71, a coupling 72, and a second flange 73. The second drive assembly 71 is fixed to the main frame 1 via the second flange 73, and the output end of the second drive assembly 71 is connected to the rotating beam 2 via the coupling 72. In some embodiments, the second drive assembly 71 further includes a second drive component (not shown), a reducer (not shown), and a gear set (not shown). The second drive component may be configured as a motor, and the power generated by the second drive component is output to the rotating beam 2 after passing through the reducer and the gear set in sequence.
[0051] In some embodiments, the welding apparatus further includes a control mechanism (not shown) and a sensing mechanism (not shown). The control mechanism is connected to the sensing mechanism, which can be configured as an angle encoder. The sensing mechanism is used to obtain the rotation angle of the rotating beam 2, and then obtain the angle of the position of the welding platform 4. The control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the first welding mechanism 5 and / or the second welding mechanism 6 according to the sensing information obtained by the sensing mechanism, so as to weld the workpiece fixed on the welding platform 4.
[0052] In some embodiments, the control mechanism includes an industrial computer, a motion control card, and a human-machine interface.
[0053] In some embodiments, the welding apparatus further includes a vision device (not shown) facing the welding platform 4 and connected to the control mechanism, the vision device being used to record the welding platform 4.
[0054] In some embodiments, the galvanometers in the first galvanometer assembly 52 and the second galvanometer assembly 62 are connected to the main body of their corresponding galvanometer assemblies via micro-rotation structures. The control mechanism can drive the galvanometers to rotate micro-rotate through the micro-rotation structures, enabling the galvanometers to follow the welding platform 4 at a specific angle. The control system can calculate the compensation amount of the welding mechanism in real time based on the principle of rotational kinematics, ensuring that the laser focus is aligned with the welding point in a weightless manner.
[0055] according to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a method of using the welding apparatus of one embodiment of this application is applied to the welding apparatus of the above embodiment. The custom welding platform 4 is 0° at its lowest point and 180° at its highest point, with counter-clockwise rotation being the positive direction. Figure 3 Based on the standard, the usage methods include the usage methods of the overweight mode and the weightlessness mode.
[0056] The steps for using the overweight mode are as follows: SA1: The welding platform 4 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive mechanism 7; SA2: When the welding platform 4 rotates to 340°, the first welding mechanism 5 is activated and emits a laser; SA3: When the welding platform 4 rotates to 20°, the first welding mechanism 5 closes, completing one cycle of heavy-duty mode welding; SA4: Repeat steps SA2 to SA3 until the welding is complete.
[0057] Specifically, the following is one specific embodiment of the method for using the overweight mode, including the following steps: SA1: Fix the part to be welded onto the first side 421 of the welding platform 4; SA2: The rotary drive mechanism 7 drives the welding platform 4 to rotate continuously at a first preset angular velocity through the rotating beam 2, so that the welding platform 4 can perform cyclic rotational motion in the range of 0° to 360°. SA3: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 340°, the control mechanism controls the first welding mechanism 5 to open, and the first laser device 51 emits a laser. The laser passes through the hollow channel, the reflector, and the through hole in sequence and enters the focusing lens component 521. After the focusing lens component 521 completes the focusing, it enters the galvanometer component 522. Finally, the galvanometer component 522 outputs the laser to the first side 421. SA4: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 20°, the first welding mechanism 5 is shut down, completing one cycle of heavy-duty mode welding; SA5: Repeat steps SA3 to SA4 until the welding is complete.
[0058] The steps for using the weightlessness mode are as follows: SB1: The welding platform 4 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive mechanism 7; SB2: When the welding platform 4 rotates to 160°, the second welding mechanism 6 is activated and emits a laser; SB3: When the welding platform 4 rotates to 200°, the second welding mechanism 6 closes, completing one cycle of weightless mode welding; SB4: Repeat steps SB2 to SB3 until the welding is complete.
[0059] Specifically, the following is one of the specific embodiments of the weightlessness mode usage method, including the following steps: SB1: Fix the part to be welded onto the second side 422 of the welding platform 4; SB2: The rotary drive mechanism 7 drives the welding platform 4 to rotate continuously at a second preset angular velocity through the rotary beam 2, so that the welding platform 4 can perform cyclic rotation within the range of 0° to 360°. SB3: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 160°, the control mechanism controls the second welding mechanism 6 to open, the second laser device 61 emits laser, the laser is transmitted to the second galvanometer assembly 62 through the second optical cable, and the second galvanometer assembly 62 outputs the laser to the second side 422. SB4: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 200°, the second welding mechanism 6 is shut down, completing one cycle of weightlessness mode welding; SB5: Repeat steps SB3 to SB4 until the welding is complete.
[0060] In some embodiments, the method of use also includes a method of simultaneously using heavy-duty welding and weightless welding.
[0061] The method for simultaneously using heavy-duty welding and weightless welding includes the following steps: SC1: Fix the component to be welded a on the first side 421 of the welding platform 4, and fix the component to be welded b on the second side 422 of the welding platform 4; SC2: The rotary drive mechanism 7 drives the welding platform 4 to rotate continuously at a preset angular velocity through the rotary beam 2, so that the welding platform 4 can perform cyclic rotational motion within the range of 0° to 360°. SC3: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 340°, the control mechanism controls the first welding mechanism 5 to start, and the first laser device 51 emits a laser. The laser passes through the hollow channel, the reflector, and the through hole in sequence and enters the focusing lens component 521. After the focusing lens component 521 completes the focusing, it enters the galvanometer component 522. Finally, the galvanometer component 522 outputs the laser to the welded part a on the first side 421. SC4: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 20°, the first welding mechanism 5 is shut down, completing one cycle of heavy-duty mode welding; SC5: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 160°, the control mechanism controls the second welding mechanism 6 to open, the second laser device 61 emits a laser, the laser is transmitted to the second galvanometer assembly 62 through the second optical cable, and the second galvanometer assembly 62 outputs the laser to the welded part b on the second side 422. SC6: When the sensing mechanism detects that the welding platform 4 has rotated to 200°, the second welding mechanism 6 is shut down, completing one cycle of weightlessness mode welding; SC7: Repeat steps SC3 to SC6 until the welding is complete.
[0062] The welding apparatus of this application can simultaneously complete different welding tasks on different welded parts within the same rotation cycle. Similarly, by fixing two identical welded parts on the first side 421 and the second side 422 of the welding platform 4 respectively, it is possible to simultaneously complete different welding tasks on the same welded parts within the same rotation cycle.
[0063] In some embodiments, the length of the connecting rod 41 is set to 0.5 meters to 1.5 meters, that is, the straight-line distance between the center of the welding platform 4 and the rotating beam 2 is 0.5 meters to 1.5 meters, and the rotation radius is 0.5 meters to 1.5 meters. In some embodiments, the rotary drive mechanism 7 is capable of outputting a rotational speed with an angular velocity of 0.5 rad / s to 5 rad / s.
[0064] In some preferred embodiments, the rotation radius r is set to 1 meter, and the angular velocity is set to 2.25 rad / s to 4.43 rad / s. Wherein: when the preset angular velocity... When set to 3.13 rad / s, the centripetal force is [value missing] when welding platform 4 is at its lowest point (i.e., 0°). When the direction is upward, gravity g (g = 9.81 m / s²) acts downward; in this case, gravity behaves as if it were upward. This achieves twice the force of gravity at 0°; when the preset angular velocity... At that time, it can achieve an overweight effect of more than 2g; when the preset angular velocity At that time, it can achieve an overweight effect of 3g.
[0065] When the preset angular velocity When set to 3.13 rad / s, the centripetal force is [value missing] when welding platform 4 is at its highest point (i.e., 180°). Facing downwards, gravity g (g = 9.81 m / s²) faces downwards, thus exhibiting gravity. Thus, weightlessness is achieved at 180°; when the preset angular velocity... At that time, it can achieve The low gravity effect.
[0066] The welding apparatus and its method of use described in this application simulate hypergravity, low gravity, or weightlessness environments by rotating the welding platform 4 with the rotating beam 2 at a controllable angular velocity. The welding mechanism is automatically activated and deactivated within a specific angular range of rotation through an angle triggering mechanism, thereby enabling welding operations on workpieces under different gravity states. This allows for stable, highly repeatable, and switchable welding experiments of laser welding in different gravity environments under ground conditions, significantly improving the reliability and operability of research on welding behavior under special gravity conditions.
[0067] In the description of this specification, the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "some examples," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" indicates that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0068] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.
Claims
1. A welding apparatus, characterized in that: include The main frame is provided with a support portion, and the support portion is provided with a first rotating component; A rotating beam, which is hollow and rotatably connected to the main frame via the first rotating component; A fixed beam is rotatably connected to the rotating beam via a second rotating component, and the fixed beam is stationary relative to the main frame; At least one welding platform, said welding platform being fixedly connected to the rotating beam via a first connecting component; A first welding mechanism is connected to the fixed beam, and the output end of the first welding mechanism faces downward. The second welding mechanism is located on the upper side of the main frame, and the output end of the second welding mechanism faces downward. A rotary drive mechanism is mounted on the main frame, and the output end of the rotary drive mechanism is connected to the rotary beam.
2. The welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first welding mechanism includes a first laser device, a first galvanometer assembly, and a galvanometer support frame. The first laser device is mounted on the main frame. The galvanometer support frame is fixedly connected to the fixed beam via a second connecting component. The first galvanometer assembly is mounted on the galvanometer support frame. The fixed beam has a hollow channel and a through hole. The two ends of the through hole are respectively connected to the hollow channel and the input end of the first galvanometer assembly.
3. The welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first welding mechanism further includes a first optical cable, one end of which is connected to the output end of the first laser device, and the other end of which passes through the hollow channel and the through hole in sequence and is connected to the first galvanometer assembly.
4. The welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the first laser device faces the hollow channel, and the hollow channel is equipped with a reflector at the through hole.
5. The welding apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The second welding mechanism includes a second laser device, a second galvanometer assembly, and a lateral movement mechanism. The output end of the second laser device is connected to the second galvanometer assembly, and the lateral movement mechanism is disposed on the main frame and connected to the second galvanometer assembly.
6. The welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding platform includes a connecting rod and a welding plane. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the first connecting component and the welding plane. The welding plane is provided with a groove and several fixing holes.
7. The welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes two welding platforms, which are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating beam.
8. The welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first galvanometer assembly includes a focusing mirror component and a galvanometer component, wherein the focusing mirror component is disposed on the upper side of the galvanometer component.
9. A method of using a welding device, characterized in that: Applied to the welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the customized welding platform is at its lowest point of 0° and at its highest point of 180°, the method of use includes: SA1: The welding platform is rotated by a rotary drive mechanism; SA2: When the welding platform rotates to 340°, the first welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser; SA3: When the welding platform rotates to 20°, the first welding mechanism closes, completing one cycle of heavy-duty mode welding; SA4: Repeat steps SA2 to SA3 until welding is complete; and / or SB1: The welding platform is rotated by a rotary drive mechanism; SB2: When the welding platform rotates to 160°, the second welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser; SB3: When the welding platform rotates to 200°, the second welding mechanism shuts down, completing one cycle of weightless mode welding; SB4: Repeat steps SB2 to SB3 until the welding is complete.
10. The method of using the welding apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first welding mechanism is activated and emits a laser, which includes: the first laser device is activated and emits a laser, and the laser sequentially passes through a hollow channel, a reflector, and a through hole before entering the first galvanometer assembly.