Self-adaptive laser arc double-heat-source welding device and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a self-adaptive laser electric arc double-heat-source welding device and a control method.The self-adaptive laser electric arc double-heat-source welding device comprises a moving structure, a mounting frame, a first cooling sleeve, a second cooling sleeve, a laser welding head and an electric arc welding head; the first cooling sleeve is arranged on the mounting frame, the laser welding head is arranged in the first cooling sleeve, the second cooling sleeve is arranged on one side of the first cooling sleeve and communicated with the first cooling sleeve, the electric arc welding head is arranged in the second cooling sleeve, and cooling gas entering the first cooling sleeve enters the second cooling sleeve. And the gas is sprayed from the side surface of the arc welding head as protective gas. The gradient utilization of the cooling gas can be realized, the gas use efficiency is improved, the operation cost is reduced, and the protection effect of the arc area is enhanced through the ordered guide of the gas flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] The laser-arc dual-heat source welding device is an advanced hybrid welding equipment that combines a high-energy-density laser beam with an electric arc (such as MIG, TIG, or plasma arc) heat source, acting synergistically on the workpiece in the same area. By precisely controlling the relative positions, parameter matching, and synchronous operation of the laser and arc, the device achieves the complementary advantages of the two heat sources: the laser provides deep and narrow penetration and high welding speed, while the arc increases the weld pool width, improves bridging ability and filling performance, and simultaneously stabilizes the plasma and reduces defects such as porosity.

[0003] Existing laser-arc dual-heat source welding devices generally face the problem of poor heat dissipation during long-term high-power operation. Since both the laser and the arc welding torch generate a large amount of heat during operation, and the cooling systems of most current devices are relatively independent and inefficient, this affects the welding results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device and control method, which aims to realize the cascade utilization of cooling gas, thereby not only improving gas utilization efficiency and reducing operating costs, but also enhancing the protection effect of the arc area through the orderly guidance of airflow.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive laser-arc dual-heat-source welding device, comprising a base and a mounting frame, the mounting frame being disposed on the base, and further comprising a movable structure, a mounting frame, a first cooling jacket, a second cooling jacket, a laser welding head, and an arc welding head. The movable structure is disposed on the mounting frame, the mounting frame is fixed on the movable structure, the first cooling jacket is disposed on the mounting frame, the laser welding head is disposed within the first cooling jacket, the second cooling jacket is disposed on one side of the first cooling jacket and communicates with the first cooling jacket, the arc welding head is disposed within the second cooling jacket, and cooling gas entering the first cooling jacket enters the second cooling jacket and is ejected from the side of the arc welding head as a protective gas.

[0006] The movable structure includes a lateral mover, a longitudinal mover, and a lifter. The lateral mover is slidably mounted on the placement frame, the longitudinal mover is slidably mounted on the lateral mover, the lifter is mounted on the longitudinal mover, and the mounting frame is mounted on the lifter.

[0007] The first cooling jacket includes a cooling jacket body, a support sleeve, an air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe. The cooling jacket body is fixed on the mounting bracket. The support sleeve has multiple through holes and is fixed inside the cooling jacket body. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are located on both sides of the cooling jacket body, and the air outlet pipe communicates with the second cooling jacket.

[0008] The first cooling jacket further includes an inlet ring, a return ring, an inlet pipe, a return pipe, a cooler, and a circulation pump. The support sleeve is provided with a flow channel. The inlet ring and the return ring are located on both sides of the flow channel. The inlet pipe and the return pipe are respectively connected to the inlet ring and the return ring. The cooler is connected to the return pipe. The circulation pump is connected to the cooler and the inlet pipe.

[0009] The first cooling jacket also includes a heat-conducting plate, which is disposed between the support sleeve and the cooling jacket body.

[0010] The second cooling jacket includes a second support sleeve, a rotating ring, a driver, and blades. The second support sleeve is fixed on the mounting bracket, the arc welding head is disposed inside the second support sleeve, the rotating ring is rotatably disposed inside the second support sleeve, the blades are fixed to the side of the rotating ring, and the driver is used to drive the rotating ring and the blades to rotate so that the cooling gas entering from the outlet pipe is discharged from the side of the arc welding head.

[0011] The second cooling jacket also includes a flow guide, which is disposed at the opening of the second support sleeve.

[0012] The driver includes a drive motor, a gear ring, and a gear. The gear ring is fixed to one side of the rotating ring, the gear meshes with the gear ring, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the gear.

[0013] The flow guide includes an adjusting rod, an adjusting ring, a cover body, and a connecting hose. The adjusting ring is rotatably mounted on the second support sleeve, the cover body is fixed to the adjusting ring, the connecting hose is disposed between the cover body and the second support sleeve, and the adjusting rod is connected to the adjusting ring and slidably mounted on the second support sleeve, with the position of the adjusting rod fixed by friction.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a control method for an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device, which employs the aforementioned adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device.

[0015] This invention relates to an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device and control method. The device includes a base and a mounting frame positioned above the base. The mounting frame is securely fixed to the base by bolts or welding, forming the supporting foundation for the entire system. The movable structure is mounted on the mounting frame, preferably employing a servo motor-driven linear guide slide system, capable of precise movement in three directions, thereby achieving precise control of the welding path. The first cooling jacket is fixed to the mounting frame and has an internal flow channel structure for containing and guiding the cooling medium (usually an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen). The laser welding head is coaxially mounted inside the first cooling jacket, with an annular channel formed between its outer wall and the inner wall of the cooling jacket. Cooling gas flows through this channel, effectively dissipating heat from the high-power laser welding head, preventing thermal damage caused by prolonged operation, and ensuring the stability and lifespan of the laser output. The second cooling jacket is located on one side of the first cooling jacket and communicates with it through an internal channel. Preferably, the two cooling jackets are integrated or connected by a sealed pipe to ensure continuous flow of cooling gas. The arc welding head (such as a TIG welding torch or MIG welding torch) is mounted inside the second cooling jacket and is also protected and cooled by the cooling airflow.

[0016] After the cooling gas entering the first cooling jacket cools the laser welding head, it is not discharged directly. Instead, it flows into the second cooling jacket through the connecting channel to continue cooling the arc welding head. Finally, it is ejected from the nozzles arranged around the arc welding head or the side outlets, serving as a protective gas to cover the arc area during the welding process and prevent the molten pool from contacting the air and causing adverse reactions such as oxidation and nitriding.

[0017] This design enables the tiered utilization of cooling gases, which not only improves gas utilization efficiency and reduces operating costs, but also enhances the protection of the arc zone through the orderly guidance of airflow. Simultaneously, the laser and arc dual heat sources maintain a reasonable and adjustable spatial spacing, facilitating heat source matching and adaptive adjustment based on material thickness and welding requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a right-side structural diagram of an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a first partial structural diagram of an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a second partial structural diagram of an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a first partial cross-sectional view of an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a second partial cross-sectional view of an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device according to the present invention.

[0025] Base 101, placement rack 102, moving structure 103, mounting rack 104, first cooling jacket 105, second cooling jacket 106, laser welding head 107, arc welding head 108, lateral mover 109, longitudinal mover 110, lifting device 111, cooling jacket body 112, support sleeve 113, air inlet pipe 114, air outlet pipe 115, liquid inlet ring 116, liquid return ring 117, liquid inlet pipe 118, liquid return pipe 119, cooler 120, circulating pump 121, heat conduction plate 122, second support sleeve 123, rotating ring 124, blade 126, flow guide shroud 127, drive motor 128, gear ring 129, gear 130, adjusting rod 131, adjusting ring 132, cover body 133, connecting hose 134. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] First Embodiment Please see Figures 1-6This invention provides an adaptive laser-arc dual-heat-source welding device, including a base 101 and a placement frame 102. The placement frame 102 is disposed on the base 101. The device also includes a movable structure 103, a mounting frame 104, a first cooling jacket 105, a second cooling jacket 106, a laser welding head 107, and an arc welding head 108. The movable structure 103 is disposed on the placement frame 102, and the mounting frame 104 is fixed to the movable structure 103. The first cooling jacket 105 is disposed on the mounting frame 104. The laser welding head 107 is disposed inside the first cooling jacket 105. The second cooling jacket 106 is disposed on one side of the first cooling jacket 105 and communicates with it. The arc welding head 108 is disposed inside the second cooling jacket 106. Cooling gas entering the first cooling jacket 105 enters the second cooling jacket 106 and is ejected from the side of the arc welding head 108 as a protective gas.

[0029] In this embodiment, the device includes a base 101 and a placement rack 102 disposed above the base 101. The placement rack 102 is firmly fixed to the base 101 by bolts or welding, forming the supporting foundation of the entire system.

[0030] The movable structure 103 is mounted on the placement frame 102, preferably employing a servo motor-driven linear guide slide system, capable of precise movement along the X, Y, and Z directions, thereby achieving precise control of the welding path. The mounting frame 104 is fixedly connected to the output end of the movable structure 103 and moves synchronously with it, serving to support and position the welding execution components.

[0031] The first cooling jacket 105 is fixed to the mounting bracket 104 and has an internal flow channel structure for containing and guiding the cooling medium (usually an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen). The laser welding head 107 is coaxially mounted inside the first cooling jacket 105, and an annular channel is formed between its outer wall and the inner wall of the cooling jacket. Cooling gas flows through this channel to effectively dissipate heat from the high-power laser welding head 107, preventing thermal damage caused by prolonged operation and ensuring the stability and lifespan of the laser output.

[0032] The second cooling jacket 106 is disposed on one side of the first cooling jacket 105 and communicates with it through an internal channel. Preferably, the two cooling jackets are integrated or connected by a sealed pipe to ensure continuous flow of cooling gas. The arc welding head 108 (such as a TIG welding torch or a MIG welding torch) is installed inside the second cooling jacket 106 and is also protected and cooled by the cooling airflow.

[0033] Crucially, after the cooling gas entering the first cooling jacket 105 cools the laser welding head 107, it is not directly discharged. Instead, it flows into the second cooling jacket 106 through the connecting channel to continue cooling the arc welding head 108. Finally, it is ejected from the nozzles arranged around the arc welding head 108 or the side outlets, serving as a protective gas to cover the arc area during the welding process and prevent the molten pool from contacting the air and causing adverse reactions such as oxidation and nitriding.

[0034] This design enables the tiered utilization of cooling gases, which not only improves gas utilization efficiency and reduces operating costs, but also enhances the protection of the arc zone through the orderly guidance of airflow. Simultaneously, the laser and arc dual heat sources maintain a reasonable and adjustable spatial spacing, facilitating heat source matching and adaptive adjustment based on material thickness and welding requirements.

[0035] The movable structure 103 includes a lateral mover 109, a longitudinal mover 110, and a lifter 111. The lateral mover 109 is slidably disposed on the placement frame 102, the longitudinal mover 110 is slidably disposed on the lateral mover 109, the lifter 111 is disposed on the longitudinal mover 110, and the mounting frame 104 is disposed on the lifter 111.

[0036] The lateral mover 109 is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the placement frame 102 along the horizontal direction (i.e., the X-axis direction). Its main body consists of a pair of parallel linear guides, a slider, and a drive assembly. The linear guides are fixed to the placement frame 102 with screws, and the slider can slide smoothly on the guides. The drive assembly can be a ball screw with a servo motor or a synchronous belt drive mechanism to achieve precise reciprocating motion of the lateral mover 109 in the X-axis direction.

[0037] The longitudinal mover 110 is slidably mounted on the transverse mover 109 and moves along another horizontal direction perpendicular to the transverse direction (i.e., the Y-axis direction). The longitudinal mover 110 is also equipped with an independent linear guide and slider system, and is fixedly connected to the slider of the transverse mover 109 via a support plate. Its drive mechanism is powered by a servo motor driving a ball screw or linear motor, enabling the longitudinal mover 110 to move in the X direction and further achieve displacement in the Y direction, thereby completing trajectory scanning of any path in the plane.

[0038] The lifting device 111 is installed on the upper platform of the longitudinal mover 110 and is used to achieve vertical adjustment (i.e., the Z-axis direction). The lifting device 111 can be in the form of an electric push rod, a pneumatic cylinder, a lead screw and nut mechanism, or a precision linear module, etc., and has good rigidity and repeatability. Its telescopic end extends upward and is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 104, thereby driving the entire welding head assembly to adjust its height in the Z-axis direction.

[0039] The mounting bracket 104 is fixed to the movable end of the lifting device 111 and rises and falls synchronously with the lifting device 111. Through the coordinated action of the longitudinal mover 110 and the lateral mover 109, it achieves omnidirectional movement in the X, Y, and Z dimensions. This hierarchical and modular moving structure 103 design not only improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system, but also facilitates later maintenance and accuracy calibration.

[0040] The first cooling jacket 105 includes a cooling jacket body 112, a support sleeve 113, an air inlet pipe 114, and an air outlet pipe 115. The cooling jacket body 112 is fixed on the mounting bracket 104. The support sleeve 113 has multiple through holes and is fixed inside the cooling jacket body 112. The air inlet pipe 114 and the air outlet pipe 115 are arranged on both sides of the cooling jacket body 112. The air outlet pipe 115 communicates with the second cooling jacket.

[0041] The cooling jacket body 112 is a hollow cylindrical structure, typically made of a metal material with excellent thermal conductivity (such as copper or aluminum alloy). Its outer wall is fixed to the mounting bracket 104 by flanges or bolts to ensure structural stability and accurate positioning. The inner cavity of the cooling jacket body 112 is used to accommodate the support sleeve 113 and the laser welding head 107, and forms a gas or liquid cooling channel.

[0042] The support sleeve 113 is disposed inside the cooling jacket body 112 to fix and support the laser welding head 107, preventing it from shifting due to vibration or thermal deformation during operation. The support sleeve 113 has multiple through holes evenly distributed circumferentially, which enhances the uniformity of gas flow, reduces overall weight, and provides a structural foundation for the subsequent flow channel system. The support sleeve 113 is fixed to the inner wall of the cooling jacket body 112 by welding or press-fitting to ensure its structural stability under high-temperature conditions.

[0043] An inlet pipe 114 and an outlet pipe 115 are respectively provided on both sides of the cooling jacket body 112. The inlet pipe 114 is used to introduce cooling gas (such as argon, nitrogen, or compressed air). The cooling gas enters the interior of the cooling jacket body 112 from an external gas source through the inlet pipe 114 and absorbs the heat generated during its flow around the outer wall of the laser welding head 107. The outlet pipe 115 is located on the other side of the cooling jacket body 112 and is connected to the air inlet of the second cooling jacket 106, so that the gas that has absorbed heat through the first cooling jacket 105 can continue to flow into the second cooling jacket 106 to cool the arc welding head 108 and finally be ejected as a protective gas, realizing the cascade utilization of the cooling medium and energy saving and environmental protection.

[0044] The first cooling jacket 105 further includes an inlet ring 116, a return ring 117, an inlet pipe 118, a return pipe 119, a cooler 120, and a circulation pump 121. The support sleeve 113 is provided with a flow channel. The inlet ring 116 and the return ring 117 are located on both sides of the flow channel. The inlet pipe 118 and the return pipe 119 are respectively connected to the inlet ring 116 and the return ring 117. The cooler 120 is connected to the return pipe 119. The circulation pump 121 is connected to the cooler 120 and the inlet pipe 118.

[0045] Spiral or annular flow channels are machined on the inner or outer wall of the support sleeve 113 to guide the flow of coolant. The inlet ring 116 and the return ring 117 are respectively located at the inlet and outlet ends of the flow channels, forming a closed liquid cooling circuit. External coolant (such as deionized water or special coolant) enters the inlet ring 116 through the inlet pipe 118, and is then evenly distributed into the flow channels on the support sleeve 113. It flows through the area around the laser welding head 107, carrying away a large amount of heat generated therefrom, and is then collected by the return ring 117 and discharged through the return pipe 119.

[0046] The return pipe 119 is connected to the cooler 120, which can be an air-cooled or water-cooled heat exchanger to cool the high-temperature coolant after it has absorbed heat. The cooled coolant is then repressurized by the circulation pump 121 and delivered to the inlet pipe 118, thus forming a closed, efficient liquid-cooled circulation system. This system can adjust the coolant flow rate and temperature in real time according to the laser power, achieving precise temperature control and preventing damage to optical components or fluctuations in welding quality caused by heat accumulation.

[0047] The first cooling sleeve 105 also includes a heat-conducting plate 122, which is disposed between the support sleeve 113 and the cooling sleeve body 112.

[0048] Furthermore, to further improve heat conduction efficiency and reduce the contact thermal resistance between the laser welding head 107 and the cooling jacket body 112, the first cooling jacket 105 also includes a heat-conducting sheet 122. The heat-conducting sheet 122 is disposed between the support sleeve 113 and the cooling jacket body 112, and is preferably made of a high thermal conductivity material (such as a graphene thermal pad, metal foil, or thermally conductive silicone pad). The heat-conducting sheet 122 can fill the tiny gap between the two, effectively transferring the heat conducted from the support sleeve 113 to the cooling jacket body 112, and quickly dissipating it through the outer surface or internal channels of the cooling jacket body 112.

[0049] The second cooling jacket 106 includes a second support sleeve 123, a rotating ring 124, a driver, and a blade 126. The second support sleeve 123 is fixed on the mounting bracket 104. The arc welding head 108 is disposed inside the second support sleeve 123. The rotating ring 124 is rotatably disposed inside the second support sleeve 123. The blade 126 is fixed to the side of the rotating ring 124. The driver is used to drive the rotating ring 124 and the blade 126 to rotate so that the cooling gas entering from the air outlet pipe 115 is discharged from the side of the arc welding head 108.

[0050] The driver includes a drive motor 128, a gear ring 129, and a gear 130. The gear ring 129 is fixed to one side of the rotating ring 124, and the gear 130 meshes with the gear ring 129. The output end of the drive motor 128 is connected to the gear 130.

[0051] The second support sleeve 123 is a cylindrical structure made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance (such as stainless steel or copper alloy). One end of it is fixed to the mounting bracket 104, ensuring a stable position and maintaining a precise spatial relationship between the entire cooling sleeve assembly and the laser welding head 107. The arc welding head 108 (such as a TIG welding torch or MIG welding torch) is coaxially disposed inside the second support sleeve 123 and is positioned and fixed by an insulating sleeve or fixing clamp to prevent displacement or loosening during operation.

[0052] The rotating ring 124 is rotatably mounted on an annular guide rail or bearing structure on the inner wall of the second support sleeve 123. Its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the arc welding head 108, forming an annular gas channel while avoiding direct contact with the welding head. The blades 126 are fixed on the side wall of the rotating ring 124, evenly distributed circumferentially, preferably 3 to 6 in number, and set at an inclined angle to form a miniature turbine-type gas acceleration mechanism.

[0053] The driver is used to actively control the rotation speed and start / stop of the rotating ring 124 and the blades 126, achieving precise regulation of the protective airflow state. The driver includes a drive motor 128, a gear ring 129, and a gear 130. The gear ring 129 is fixed to one end face of the rotating ring 124 and arranged circumferentially; the gear 130 meshes with the gear ring 129, and its axis is supported inside the second support sleeve 123 by a bearing. The drive motor 128 (preferably a micro stepper motor or a servo motor) is fixed to the outside of the mounting bracket 104 or the second support sleeve 123, and its output shaft is connected to the gear 130. The forward and reverse rotation of the motor controls the rotation of the gear 130, thereby driving the gear ring 129 and the rotating ring 124 to achieve precise rotation.

[0054] When the drive motor 128 starts, the rotating ring 124 rotates at high speed under the drive of the gear 130-gear ring 129 transmission system, and the blades 126 fixed on it rotate synchronously. The cooling gas entering the second support sleeve 123 gains circumferential velocity under the push of the blades 126, forming a spiral airflow. It is ejected at high speed and uniformly from the circumferential air outlet or side nozzle of the arc welding head 108, forming a stable and dense protective air curtain around the arc molten pool. This rotating airflow can not only effectively eliminate air intrusion, but also enhance the uniformity of airflow coverage on the surface of the molten pool, reduce turbulence and porosity defects, and significantly improve the weld formation quality.

[0055] The second cooling sleeve 106 also includes a flow guide 127, which is disposed at the opening of the second support sleeve 123.

[0056] The second cooling jacket 106 also includes a flow guide 127, which is used to further optimize the flow direction and coverage of the protective gas to adapt to the needs of different workpiece shapes and welding postures. The flow guide 127 is located at the open end of the second support sleeve 123 (i.e., the side closer to the workpiece), and its angle and position can be adjusted to achieve dynamic matching of the protection area.

[0057] The flow guide shroud 127 includes an adjusting rod 131, an adjusting ring 132, a shroud body 133, and a connecting hose 134. The adjusting ring 132 is rotatably mounted on the second support sleeve 123. The shroud body 133 is fixed to the adjusting ring 132. The connecting hose 134 is disposed between the shroud body 133 and the second support sleeve 123. The adjusting rod 131 is connected to the adjusting ring 132 and is slidably mounted on the second support sleeve 123. The position of the adjusting rod 131 is fixed by friction.

[0058] The adjusting ring 132 is rotatably mounted on the front outer wall of the second support sleeve 123 via a bearing or hinge structure, and can rotate freely within a certain angle range. The cover 133 is fixed to the adjusting ring 132 and is typically a trumpet-shaped or hemispherical structure made of high-temperature resistant insulating material (such as ceramic or heat-resistant engineering plastic), used to guide and concentrate the protective airflow to prevent premature diffusion. The connecting hose 134 is located between the cover 133 and the second support sleeve 123 and is made of flexible heat-resistant material, ensuring that the flow guide 127 does not affect the continuity of the internal gas passage during adjustment and can withstand long-term use in high-temperature environments.

[0059] One end of the adjusting rod 131 is connected to the adjusting ring 132, and the other end is slidably disposed in the guide groove on the outer wall of the second support sleeve 123. The adjusting rod 131 is equipped with a friction structure (such as a rubber pad or spring block), which, by adjusting its position in the guide groove and utilizing friction, achieves self-locking, thereby fixing the spatial angle of the flow guide 127. The operator can manually adjust the tilt angle of the flow guide 127 according to the actual welding position (such as flat welding, vertical welding, overhead welding) or the curvature of the workpiece, ensuring that the protective airflow always acts vertically or tangentially on the molten pool, maximizing the protective effect.

[0060] Second Embodiment The present invention also provides a control method for an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device, which employs the aforementioned adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device.

[0061] Before welding begins, the system first uses external sensors to identify and create a 3D model of the workpiece joint type (such as butt joint, lap joint, corner joint, etc.), bevel size, surface condition, and assembly gap in real time. The acquired geometric information is transmitted to the central control system, which, combined with a preset process database, automatically matches the optimal combination of welding parameters, including laser power, arc current / voltage, welding speed, distance between dual heat sources, and shielding gas flow rate, and generates a precise 3D welding path trajectory.

[0062] Based on the path planning results, the control system drives the lateral mover 109, longitudinal mover 110, and lifting device 111 in the moving structure 103 to work together, precisely moving the mounting frame 104 and the laser welding head 107 and arc welding head 108 it carries to above the weld initiation point. By adjusting the height of the lifting device 111, it ensures that the laser focus accurately falls on the workpiece surface or the preset defocus position, while maintaining a standard arc length between the arc welding head 108 and the workpiece. The relative distance between the two heat sources (usually laser in front, arc behind, spacing adjustable) is guaranteed by the mounting structure and can be parameterized on the control interface according to material thickness and process requirements.

[0063] Before welding begins, the control system activates the cooling system. Cooling gas (such as high-purity argon) enters the first cooling jacket 105 through the inlet pipe 114 to forcibly cool the laser welding head 107; subsequently, the gas flows into the second cooling jacket 106 through the outlet pipe 115 to continue cooling the arc welding head 108. At this time, the control system activates the drive motor 128 in the driver, driving the gear 130-gear ring 129 transmission system to make the rotating ring 124 and blades 126 rotate at low speed, pre-establishing an airflow channel. Simultaneously, the angle of the guide shroud 127 is preset according to the welding posture (such as flat welding or vertical welding) via the adjusting rod 131 to ensure optimal protective airflow direction.

[0064] After welding begins, the laser and arc power supply are activated synchronously. The laser beam first acts on the workpiece, forming a deep and narrow keyhole, significantly increasing the weld penetration. The arc then acts on the rear of the laser-induced molten pool, further heating and refining the grains, improving weld formation. Throughout this process, the control system implements multi-channel real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment. High-speed cameras or infrared thermal imagers are used to capture the shape, size, and temperature distribution of the molten pool in real time. When the molten pool is detected to be too wide or too narrow, or to show a hump or a downward trend, the control system automatically adjusts the laser power or welding speed to maintain the stability of the molten pool.

[0065] The arc status is monitored by current and voltage sensors. If the arc drifts or is disturbed, the system can fine-tune the arc current or enhance the local airflow rigidity by rotating blade 126 to suppress arc blow.

[0066] The control system dynamically adjusts the cooling gas flow rate according to the laser power. Simultaneously, the rotational speed of the drive motor 128 can be adjusted in real time according to the welding speed, ensuring that the rotating protective airflow ejected from the blades 126 always surrounds the arc area with optimal speed and coverage, preventing air entrapment.

[0067] During the welding process, if there are assembly errors or thermal deformations in the workpiece, the vision sensor continuously detects the actual position of the weld and feeds back the deviation signal to the control system. The moving structure 103 then makes fine adjustments in the X, Y, and Z directions to achieve real-time tracking and correction of the weld, ensuring that the dual heat sources are always aligned with the center of the weld.

[0068] When the welding reaches its endpoint, the control system gradually reduces the laser power and arc current according to a preset program to achieve a smooth arc termination and avoid crater cracks. Subsequently, the laser and arc power are shut off, and the cooling gas supply is delayed to ensure effective cooling of the welding head during the high-temperature residual heat period. The moving structure 103 drives the welding head to automatically return to the initial standby position, the flow guide 127 resets, and the system enters standby mode.

[0069] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive laser-arc dual-heat-source welding device, comprising a base and a mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is disposed on the base, characterized in that, It also includes a movable structure, a mounting frame, a first cooling jacket, a second cooling jacket, a laser welding head, and an arc welding head. The movable structure is mounted on the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is fixed on the movable structure. The first cooling jacket is mounted on the mounting frame, and the laser welding head is disposed inside the first cooling jacket. The second cooling jacket is disposed on one side of the first cooling jacket and communicates with the first cooling jacket. The arc welding head is disposed inside the second cooling jacket. The cooling gas entering the first cooling jacket enters the second cooling jacket and is ejected from the side of the arc welding head as a protective gas.

2. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The moving structure includes a lateral mover, a longitudinal mover, and a lifter. The lateral mover is slidably mounted on the placement frame, the longitudinal mover is slidably mounted on the lateral mover, the lifter is mounted on the longitudinal mover, and the mounting frame is mounted on the lifter.

3. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first cooling jacket includes a cooling jacket body, a support sleeve, an air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe. The cooling jacket body is fixed on the mounting bracket. The support sleeve has multiple through holes and is fixed inside the cooling jacket body. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are located on both sides of the cooling jacket body, and the air outlet pipe communicates with the second cooling jacket.

4. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first cooling jacket also includes an inlet ring, a return ring, an inlet pipe, a return pipe, a cooler, and a circulation pump. The support sleeve is provided with a flow channel. The inlet ring and the return ring are located on both sides of the flow channel. The inlet pipe and the return pipe are respectively connected to the inlet ring and the return ring. The cooler is connected to the return pipe. The circulation pump is connected to the cooler and the inlet pipe.

5. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first cooling jacket also includes a heat-conducting plate, which is disposed between the support sleeve and the cooling jacket body.

6. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second cooling jacket includes a second support sleeve, a rotating ring, a driver, and blades. The second support sleeve is fixed on the mounting bracket. The arc welding head is disposed inside the second support sleeve. The rotating ring is rotatably disposed inside the second support sleeve. The blades are fixed to the side of the rotating ring. The driver is used to drive the rotating ring and the blades to rotate so that the cooling gas entering from the outlet pipe is discharged from the side of the arc welding head.

7. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The second cooling jacket also includes a flow guide, which is disposed at the opening of the second support sleeve.

8. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The driver includes a drive motor, a gear ring, and a gear. The gear ring is fixed to one side of the rotating ring, the gear meshes with the gear ring, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the gear.

9. The adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The flow guide includes an adjusting rod, an adjusting ring, a cover body, and a connecting hose. The adjusting ring is rotatably mounted on the second support sleeve, the cover body is fixed to the adjusting ring, the connecting hose is disposed between the cover body and the second support sleeve, and the adjusting rod is connected to the adjusting ring and slidably mounted on the second support sleeve. The position of the adjusting rod is fixed by friction.

10. A control method for an adaptive laser arc dual-heat source welding device, characterized in that, An adaptive laser-arc dual-heat source welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

Images