Laser cutting device and process for sheet metal part production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal plate machining, and discloses a laser cutting device and process for metal plate part production, the laser cutting device for metal plate part production comprises a laser cutting machine tool body and further comprises a movable hanging bracket arranged above the laser cutting machine tool body, and a hanging plate is arranged below the movable hanging bracket; electric push rods and U-shaped plates are fixedly installed at the two ends of the top face of the hanging plate, and a pressure equalizing plate of a cavity structure is arranged below the hanging plate. After the pressure equalizing plate makes contact with the small part, the transmission groove and the transmission piece are matched to enable the pressure equalizing plate to generate negative pressure to adsorb the small part, then the guide hole and the guide rod are matched to enable the pressure equalizing plate to drive the small part to twist, micro connection between the small part and a waste framework is rapidly broken, and after the lifting plate ascends, the pressure equalizing plate can drive the small part to ascend. Therefore, a row of small parts can be quickly taken out, the problem that the parts are damaged due to manual knocking, taking and placing is avoided, and meanwhile the material taking efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sheet metal processing technology, and in particular to a laser cutting device and process for producing sheet metal parts. Background Technology

[0002] Metal sheet metal parts are widely used in machinery, automobiles, electronics and other fields, and their processing quality directly affects the performance of the end products. Laser cutting equipment, with its advantages of high energy density and narrow spot size, has become the core equipment for sheet metal processing. It can easily meet the production needs of modern manufacturing industries for small batches, multiple varieties and high precision, and promote the development of sheet metal processing towards high efficiency and flexibility.

[0003] In laser cutting of sheet metal, after the laser equipment cuts large-format sheets into customized small parts, the parts are fixed to the surrounding scrap frame by micro-connectors and placed on a worktable covered with sharp support pins. Currently, the part removal process relies heavily on manual operation: operators need to use a rubber hammer to break the micro-connectors, then use a suction cup or their bare hands to remove the parts from the dense array of pins, and finally clean the scrap frame.

[0004] This traditional model has two major drawbacks: First, low production efficiency, which restricts the overall production capacity of the line. Manual labor involves repetitive tasks such as hammering micro-connectors, picking up parts one by one, transporting and transferring materials, and cleaning up waste. The process is cumbersome and labor-intensive. Especially in batch processing scenarios, although the time spent picking up and placing individual parts is short, it accumulates into a significant production bottleneck, unable to match the high-speed processing efficiency of laser cutting equipment, leading to an imbalance in the overall production rhythm and difficulty in breaking through capacity limitations. Second, workpiece quality is easily damaged, causing irreversible defects. During manual handling, sliding friction between the sheet metal and the support bed, unstable force during hammering, and accidental collisions due to improper tool use can all easily cause scratches and indentations on the lower surface of the workpiece. For stainless steel, galvanized sheets, and other sheets with surface coatings or high gloss requirements, this damage not only affects the consistency of the product's appearance but may also damage the integrity of the coating, reduce the workpiece's corrosion resistance, and directly affect the quality and service life of the final product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of low efficiency and easy damage to sheet metal parts caused by manual separation and processing in the existing technology, a laser cutting device for the production of metal sheet metal parts is proposed.

[0006] The purpose is to install a horizontally movable hanger on the main body of the laser cutting machine tool. The hanger drives the negative pressure device to descend and adsorb the sheet metal parts that have been cut, causing the sheet metal parts to twist slightly, so as to break the micro-connection and thus quickly and completely remove the sheet metal parts.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is a laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts, including a laser cutting machine tool body and a movable hanger disposed above the laser cutting machine tool body. Guide rails are slidably connected to both ends of the lower part of the movable hanger, and the guide rails are fixedly installed on the side wall of the laser cutting machine tool body. A hanging plate is disposed below the movable hanger, and electric push rods and U-shaped plates are fixedly installed at both ends of the top surface of the hanging plate. The middle part of the electric push rod is fixedly inserted through the movable hanger, and the U-shaped plate slides vertically with the movable hanger. A cavity structure is disposed below the hanging plate. The pressure plate has multiple adsorption holes on its bottom surface. A piston groove is fixedly installed on the movable hanger. An air pipe is fixedly connected between the piston groove and the pressure plate. Two connecting plates are fixedly connected to the top surface of the pressure plate. The upper end of the connecting plates movably passes through the hanger and is located inside the U-shaped plate. A piston plate is slidably connected in the piston groove. Two transmission components are fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston plate facing the U-shaped plate. A transmission groove is opened on the inner wall of the U-shaped plate to slide with the transmission components. When the U-shaped plate descends, it drives the transmission components and the piston plate to move horizontally, so that a negative pressure state is formed in the piston groove. The U-shaped plate has a guide hole. The lower inner wall of the guide hole is straight, and the upper inner wall is wavy. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting plate, and the end of the guide rod is located in the guide hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable hanger includes a horizontal plate with an I-shaped structure, and vertical plates are provided at both ends of the horizontal plate. A clamping plate is provided on the side of the vertical plate away from the horizontal plate. Multiple bolts are connected between the clamping plate and the end of the horizontal plate. Adjustment holes adapted to the bolts are provided on the vertical plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the guide rail frame includes a base plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the laser cutting machine tool body, a guide rail platform fixedly connected to the base plate, and multiple guide wheels rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical plate, the guide wheels being rolled on the guide rail platform.

[0010] Furthermore, a venting element is movably connected inside the adsorption hole, and a rubber ring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the venting element.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission groove includes a vertically arranged reset part and a bent part communicating with the reset part. The lower end of the bent part and the reset part are connected to a horizontal part. The depth of the reset part is greater than that of the bent part. The transmission component includes a T-shaped rod fixedly connected to the piston plate. Two slide rods are slidably connected to one end of the T-shaped rod facing the U-shaped plate. The slide rods are slidably disposed in the corresponding transmission grooves, and an elastic element is fixedly connected between the two slide rods.

[0012] Furthermore, a fixed seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped plate, and a positioning rod with a U-shaped structure is slidably connected inside the fixed seat. An elastic element is fixedly connected between the positioning rod and the fixed seat. A drive plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable hanger, and the drive plate abuts against the positioning rod.

[0013] Furthermore, limit plates are provided on both sides below the pressure equalizing plate, and multiple guide rods are hinged to the top surface of the limit plates. The guide rods are slidably connected to the hanging plate, and the upper ends of the guide rods and the hanging plate are connected together by an elastic element.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple rectangular frames are fixedly connected to the top surface of the limiting plate, and multiple tie rods are hinged to the side wall of the pressure equalizing plate, with the lower end of each tie rod slidably connected to the corresponding rectangular frame.

[0015] Another objective of this invention is to provide a laser cutting process for the production of metal sheet metal parts. The purpose of this process is to laser cut the metal sheet metal parts and then use negative pressure to adsorb the cut small parts, causing them to twist slightly and break the micro-connections, thereby quickly removing the cut small parts.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cutting process for producing sheet metal parts, comprising the following steps: S1. Import the model data of the small part to be cut into the software of the laser cutting machine body, set the corresponding process parameters, and place the sheet metal part on the nail bed of the laser cutting machine body. S2. The drive unit moves the laser, and the laser beam generated by the laser cuts the sheet metal part into multiple identical small parts. S3. The moving hanger moves above the small part after cutting. The electric push rod drives the hanging plate to descend. The pressure equalizing plate descends and contacts the small part. The piston plate moves to make the pressure equalizing plate adsorb the small part. The guide rod and the guide hole cooperate to make the pressure equalizing plate drive the small part to swing, causing the micro-connection to break. S4. The electric push rod rises, causing the small parts adsorbed to leave the waste frame, canceling the adsorption of the equalizing plate, and the small parts are collected manually.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The electric push rod drives the hanging plate and U-shaped plate to descend. After the pressure equalizing plate comes into contact with the small parts, the transmission groove and transmission components cooperate to generate negative pressure on the pressure equalizing plate to attract the small parts. Then, the guide hole and guide rod cooperate to make the pressure equalizing plate drive the small parts to twist, so that the micro connection between the small parts and the waste skeleton is quickly broken. After the hanging plate rises, the pressure equalizing plate can drive the small parts to rise, thereby quickly completing the removal of a row of small parts. This avoids the problem of parts damage caused by manual knocking and handling, and at the same time greatly improves the material handling efficiency.

[0018] 2. When the pressure equalizing plate is twisted, it drives the limiting plates on both sides to rotate back and forth. At the same time, the pressure equalizing plate drives the small parts to twist, and the limiting plates apply a pressing force to the waste skeleton. Through the bidirectional pressure action, the force difference at the micro-connection is further increased, improving the success rate of the micro-connection breaking at one time, thereby further improving the efficiency of picking up small parts.

[0019] 3. By flexibly selecting to enable or disable the ventilation components inside the adsorption holes, the pressure equalizing plate can be adjusted and adapted according to the specific shape and size of the small parts to be removed, thus improving the applicable scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet parts according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the movable hanger, hanging plate, and pressure equalizing plate structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a plan view of the movable hanger and guide rail structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the piston groove and pressure equalizing plate structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission groove and transmission component structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the transmission component structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod and guide hole structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure equalizing plate structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic plan view of the pressure equalizing plate and the limiting plate structure of the laser cutting device for producing metal sheet metal parts according to the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Laser cutting machine body; 2. Moving hanger; 3. Guide rail frame; 4. Hanging plate; 5. Electric push rod; 6. U-shaped plate; 7. Pressure equalizing plate; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Piston groove; 10. Air pipe; 11. Piston plate; 12. Transmission component; 121. T-shaped rod; 122. Slide rod; 13. Ventilation component; 14. Rubber ring; 15. Transmission groove; 151. Reset part; 152. Bending part; 153. Horizontal part; 16. Guide hole; 17. Guide rod; 18. Tie rod; 19. Limiting plate; 20. Sliding column; 21. Rectangular frame; 22. Fixed seat; 23. Positioning rod; 24. Drive plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-7 This invention provides a first embodiment of a laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts, comprising a laser cutting machine body 1 and a movable hanger 2 disposed above the laser cutting machine body 1. Guide rails 3 are slidably connected to both ends of the lower part of the movable hanger 2, and the guide rails 3 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the laser cutting machine body 1. A hanging plate 4 is disposed below the movable hanger 2, and electric push rods 5 and U-shaped plates 6 are fixedly installed at both ends of the top surface of the hanging plate 4. The electric push rods 5 are fixedly inserted through the middle of the movable hanger 2, and the U-shaped plates 6 are vertically slidably engaged with the movable hanger 2. A pressure equalizing plate 7 with a hollow structure is disposed below the hanging plate 4, and multiple adsorption holes are opened on the bottom surface of the pressure equalizing plate 7. A piston groove 9 is fixedly installed on the movable hanger 2. A gas pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the pressure equalizing plate 7 and the pressure equalizing plate 9. Two connecting plates 8 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the pressure equalizing plate 7. The upper end of the connecting plate 8 movably passes through the hanging plate 4 and is set inside the U-shaped plate 6. A piston plate 11 is slidably connected in the piston groove 9. Two transmission components 12 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston plate 11 facing the U-shaped plate 6. A transmission groove 15 is opened on the inner wall of the U-shaped plate 6 to slide with the transmission components 12. When the U-shaped plate 6 descends, it drives the transmission components 12 and the piston plate 11 to move horizontally, so that a negative pressure state is formed in the piston groove 9. A guide hole 16 is opened on the U-shaped plate 6. The lower inner wall of the guide hole 16 is straight and the upper inner wall is wavy. A guide rod 17 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting plate 8. The end of the guide rod 17 is set in the guide hole 16.

[0024] Specifically, the movable hanger 2 moves horizontally on the guide rail 3, causing the pressure equalizing plate 7 to be positioned above the cut small parts. The electric push rod 5 lowers the hanging plate 4. When the pressure equalizing plate 7 contacts the small parts, the transmission groove 15 moves the transmission component 12, and the piston plate 11 moves within the piston groove 9. The enclosed space formed by the piston plate 11 and the piston groove 9 increases, creating a negative pressure within the pressure equalizing plate 7 through the air pipe 10. This pressure equalizes the small parts through the suction holes. Subsequently, the upper part of the guide hole 16 drives the connecting plate 8, connected to the guide rod 17, to swing back and forth, causing the pressure equalizing plate 7 to cause the adsorbed small parts to undergo slight reciprocating twisting, breaking the micro-connection. Finally, the electric push rod 5 raises the hanging plate 4, and the pressure equalizing plate 7 lifts the row of adsorbed small parts, which are then manually collected. This invention, through its integrated design of adsorption fixation and twisting disconnection, avoids damage to parts caused by manual knocking and handling, significantly improves material handling efficiency, and effectively solves the problems of low efficiency and easily damaged parts in traditional manual operations.

[0025] The electric push rod 5 integrates lifting and lowering to generate and cancel negative pressure, twist and disconnect small parts, and lift and grab actions. It has a compact structure and strong linkage, and does not require additional independent drive components such as negative pressure pumps and torsion motors. This greatly simplifies the overall structural layout and reduces equipment manufacturing costs and assembly difficulty. At the same time, it reduces the maintenance burden caused by the coordinated operation of multiple electric structures, and reduces the failure rate and subsequent maintenance costs.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 The movable hanger 2 includes a horizontal plate with an I-shaped structure, vertical plates at both ends of the horizontal plate, a clamping plate on the side of the vertical plate away from the horizontal plate, and multiple bolts connecting the clamping plate and the end of the horizontal plate. Adjustment holes adapted to the bolts are provided on the vertical plate.

[0027] Specifically, the horizontal plate can be vertically adjusted to fit the thickness requirements of the sheet metal parts: after loosening the bolts, the horizontal plate moves up and down along the adjustment holes on the vertical plate to a suitable height, and then the bolts are tightened so that the clamping plate and the horizontal plate cooperate to clamp the vertical plate, thereby achieving precise limiting and fixing of the height of the horizontal plate; at the same time, the combination of the horizontal plate and the vertical plate forms a stable sliding support mechanism, ensuring that the moving hanger 2 can slide smoothly along the guide rail frame 3, ensuring the accuracy and stability of subsequent material handling operations.

[0028] It should be noted that, refer to Figure 2 Laser line projectors are installed on the side walls of the two vertical plates facing the horizontal plate. The laser line projectors are set in the middle of the pressure equalizing plate 7. The planar laser line emitted by the laser line projector is irradiated onto the sheet metal part, which makes it easy for the operator to quickly pull the moving hanger 2 so that the pressure equalizing plate 7 is directly above the cut small parts, improving the accuracy of operation and the efficiency of picking up.

[0029] A control module is installed on the side wall of the vertical plate away from the horizontal plate. The control module is connected to the electric push rod 5 and the laser line projector. By pressing the button on the control module, the raising and lowering of the electric push rod 5 and the opening and closing of the laser line projector can be controlled respectively.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 The guide rail frame 3 includes a base plate that is fixedly connected to the side wall of the laser cutting machine tool body 1. A guide rail platform is fixedly connected to the base plate. Multiple guide wheels are rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical plate, and the guide wheels are rolled on the guide rail platform.

[0031] Specifically, the guide rail frame 3 is set on both sides of the length direction of the laser cutting machine tool body 1, and the base plate can be horizontally fixed to the side wall of the laser cutting machine tool body 1 by means of welding or bolt connection, so as to provide stable support for the horizontal movement of the movable hanger 2.

[0032] The guide rail platform is equipped with a baffle that is fixed to the base plate. The baffle shields the guide rail platform to prevent dust and debris from falling in, thus enabling the mobile hanger 2 to slide horizontally and stably.

[0033] Reference Figure 8 A ventilator 13 is movably connected inside the adsorption hole, and a rubber ring 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the ventilator 13.

[0034] Specifically, the rubber ring 14 at the bottom of the vent 13 can greatly enhance the adhesion and sealing with the surface of small parts, ensuring the stability of negative pressure adsorption and preventing parts from falling off during the material handling process. At the same time, the vent 13 at the corresponding position can be flexibly turned on or off according to the specific shape and size of the small parts to be handled. For adsorption holes that correspond to the waste skeleton and do not require adsorption, they can be sealed with a sealing cover. This adapts to the material handling needs of small parts of different specifications, significantly improving the flexibility and adaptability of the device.

[0035] The ventilation component 13 has a T-shaped structure. The upper outer surface of the ventilation component 13 is provided with external threads, and the adsorption hole is provided with internal threads. The ventilation component 13 and the adsorption hole are quickly disassembled and connected through threaded engagement.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 The transmission groove 15 includes a vertically arranged reset part 151 and a bent part 152 communicating with the reset part 151. The lower end of the bent part 152 and the reset part 151 are connected to a horizontal part 153. The depth of the reset part 151 is greater than that of the bent part 152. The transmission component 12 includes a T-shaped rod 121 fixedly connected to the piston plate 11. Two slide rods 122 are slidably connected to one end of the T-shaped rod 121 facing the U-shaped plate 6. The slide rods 122 are slidably arranged in the corresponding transmission groove 15, and an elastic element is fixedly connected between the two slide rods 122.

[0037] Specifically, in Figure 5 In its current state, the slide rod 122 is located at the connection between the bent portion 152 and the horizontal portion 153. When the hanging plate 4 lowers the U-shaped plate 6, the slide rod 122 slides along the contour of the bent portion 152, pulling the piston plate 11 to move horizontally within the piston groove 9 via the T-shaped rod 121. This increases the volume of the sealed space formed by the piston plate 11 and the piston groove 9, causing a negative pressure to be generated within the pressure equalizing plate 7 via the air pipe 10. This allows for the adsorption of small parts through the adsorption holes. When the slide rod 122 slides into the reset portion 151, the elastic element 1 drives the slide rod 122 to... The reset part 151 contacts the groove wall, creating a constant negative pressure environment inside the pressure equalizing plate 7 to ensure tight adsorption of small parts. When the hanging plate 4 drives the U-shaped plate 6 to rise, the slide rod 122 slides down along the reset part 151. When it reaches the horizontal part 153, the negative pressure force in the sealed space pushes the piston plate 11 to move in the opposite direction, driving the slide rod 122 to reset to the initial connection between the bent part 152 and the horizontal part 153. At this time, the negative pressure environment inside the pressure equalizing plate 7 is released, and the adsorbed small parts smoothly detach from the pressure equalizing plate 7, completing the pick-and-place cycle.

[0038] It should be noted that the bending part 152 consists of a vertical part and an inclined part. When the hanging plate 4 is raised and lowered, the pressure equalizing plate 7 is in the following state: When the hanging plate 4 lowers the pressure equalizing plate 7 to contact the small part, the sliding rod 122 is at the connection between the vertical part and the inclined part. As the hanging plate 4 continues to descend, the sliding rod 122 slides along the inclined part, causing the pressure equalizing plate 7 to generate negative pressure. Subsequently, when the sliding rod 122 moves from the bending part 152 into the reset part 151 and continues to move towards the upper end of the reset part 151, the guide rod 17 contacts the wavy groove wall above the guide hole 16. The connecting plate 8 then drives the pressure equalizing plate 7 to move... The repeated oscillation causes the small parts to twist, breaking the micro-connection between the small parts and the scrap fasteners. When the lifting plate 4 rises, the slide rod 122 moves downward from the upper end of the reset part 151. The constant negative pressure environment in the pressure equalizing plate 7 causes the small parts to rise. When the slide rod 122 is at the connection between the reset part 151 and the horizontal part 153, the piston plate 11 moves in the opposite direction under the action of negative pressure, causing the slide rod 122 to return to the connection between the bending part 152 and the horizontal part 153. At this time, the negative pressure environment of the pressure equalizing plate 7 is canceled, and the adsorbed small parts are removed from the pressure equalizing plate 7.

[0039] Among them, the bottom surface of the hanging plate 4 slides and limits the T-shaped rod 121 through the fixed connecting seat. At the same time, the outer wall of the T-shaped rod 121 is fitted with an elastic element 4. The two ends of the elastic element 4 are respectively connected and fixed to the piston plate 11 and the piston groove 9. When the sliding rod 122 is at the connection between the reset part 151 and the horizontal part 153, the piston plate 11 quickly returns to its original position under the action of elastic force and air pressure.

[0040] Example 2, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: a fixed seat 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped plate 6, a U-shaped positioning rod 23 is slidably connected inside the fixed seat 22, an elastic element 2 is fixedly connected between the positioning rod 23 and the fixed seat 22, and a drive plate 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable hanger 2, and the drive plate 24 abuts against the positioning rod 23.

[0041] Specifically, when the guide rod 17 slides upward along the wavy groove wall of the upper part of the guide hole 16 to the top, the guide rod 17 contacts the positioning rod 23 and pushes it to slide horizontally along the fixed seat 22, and the elastic element 2 is compressed; after the bottom surface of the guide rod 17 is higher than the top surface of the positioning rod 23, the elastic element 2 resets and drives the positioning rod 23 to move back, forming a stable support for the guide rod 17, so that the guide rod 17 is separated from the wavy movement path of the guide hole 16. At this time, the lifting plate 4 can directly drive the pressure equalizing plate 7 to rise vertically, avoiding interference from the torsional action; when the lifting plate 4 rises to the highest point, the positioning rod 23 abuts against the drive plate 24, and the drive plate 24 pushes the positioning rod 23 to slide horizontally again, releasing the support and limit on the guide rod 17. The guide rod 17 slides downward along the flat inner wall of the lower part of the guide hole 16, driving the pressure equalizing plate 7 to reset and descend, preparing for the next material picking.

[0042] The positioning rod 23 has inclined surfaces at one end facing the guide rod 17 and at the lower end of the drive plate 24. These inclined surfaces allow the positioning rod 23 to move smoothly horizontally. The rest of the structure is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0043] Example 3, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 9 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: limit plates 19 are provided on both sides below the pressure equalizing plate 7. Multiple sliding columns 20 are hinged to the top surface of the limit plates 19. The sliding columns 20 are slidably connected to the hanging plate 4, and the upper end of the sliding column 20 and the hanging plate 4 are connected together by an elastic element 3.

[0044] Specifically, the sliding column 20 and the elastic element 3 cooperate with each other. When the hanging plate 4 drives the pressure equalizing plate 7 to descend, the limiting plate 19 contacts the waste skeleton before the pressure equalizing plate 7. As the hanging plate 4 continues to descend, the sliding column 20 slides along the hanging plate 4 and the elastic element 3 is compressed. The elastic force of the elastic element 3 makes the limiting plate 19 and the waste skeleton form an elastic abutment, which achieves a stable pressing and limiting of the waste skeleton. Subsequently, when the pressure equalizing plate 7 drives the small parts to reciprocate to twist to break the micro-connection, the waste skeleton in the limiting state remains stationary and forms a reverse force with the parts, which greatly reduces the breaking resistance of the micro-connection and makes the breaking process smoother and more efficient.

[0045] Reference Figure 9The top surface of the limiting plate 19 is fixedly connected to multiple rectangular frames 21, and the side wall of the pressure equalizing plate 7 is hinged with multiple tie rods 18, the lower end of the tie rods 18 being slidably connected to the corresponding rectangular frames 21.

[0046] Specifically, in Figure 9 In this state, when the connecting plate 8 drives the pressure equalizing plate 7 to reciprocate and twist, the pull rod 18 on the side wall of the pressure equalizing plate 7 swings synchronously with it. The lower end of the pull rod 18 slides in the rectangular frame 21 and generates a thrust, which drives the limiting plates 19 on both sides to rotate around the lower end of the sliding column 20 in a small range. This linkage action allows the pressure equalizing plate 7 to drive the small parts to twist while the limiting plate 19 applies a more precise pressing force to the waste skeleton below. Through the bidirectional action of applying torsional force to the parts and pressing force to the waste skeleton, the force difference at the micro-connection is further increased, which significantly improves the success rate of the micro-connection breaking at one time and avoids the problem of material picking jamming caused by incomplete disconnection.

[0047] It should be noted that in this technical solution, elastic element one, elastic element two, elastic element three, and elastic element four are preferably selected as extension springs. The remaining structures are the same as those in Embodiment 2.

[0048] Based on embodiments 1-3, the working principle of this invention is as follows: A metal sheet is placed on the nail bed of the laser cutting machine body 1. After the laser completes the cutting of a row of small parts, the movable hanger 2 moves horizontally along the guide rail 3. It is precisely positioned above the cut small parts using a laser line projector. The operator activates the electric push rod 5 via the control module. The electric push rod 5 drives the hanging plate 4 to descend, and the pressure equalizing plate 7 comes into contact with the small parts. Its transmission groove 15 drives the transmission component 12 to slide, pulling the piston plate 11 to move within the piston groove 9, generating negative pressure. The rubber ring 14 at the bottom of the vent 13 stably adsorbs the parts. The U-shaped plate 6 continues to descend, and the wavy inner wall of the guide hole 16 drives the guide rod 17 to swing, causing the pressure equalizing plate 7 to twist and break the micro-connection. After the twist is complete, the positioning rod 23 supports the guide rod 17, and the electric push rod 5 drives the hanging plate 4 to rise. The pressure equalizing plate 7 adsorbs the parts and rises synchronously. When it reaches the highest point, the sliding rod 122 resets, releasing the negative pressure and allowing the parts to detach for manual collection. Subsequently, the drive plate 24 pushes the positioning rod 23 to unlock.

[0049] Example 4, refer to Figures 1-9 The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a laser cutting process for producing sheet metal parts, comprising the following steps: S1. Import the model data of the small part to be cut into the software of the laser cutting machine body 1, set the corresponding process parameters, and place the sheet metal part on the nail bed of the laser cutting machine body 1. S2. The drive unit moves the laser, and the laser beam generated by the laser cuts the sheet metal part into multiple identical small parts. S3. The movable hanger 2 moves to above the small part after cutting. The electric push rod 5 drives the hanging plate 4 to descend. The pressure equalizing plate 7 descends and contacts the small part. The piston plate 11 moves to make the pressure equalizing plate 7 adsorb the small part. The guide rod 17 cooperates with the guide hole 16 to make the pressure equalizing plate 7 drive the small part to swing, causing the micro-connection to break. S4. The electric push rod 5 rises, causing the adsorbed small parts to leave the waste skeleton, canceling the adsorption of the equalizing plate 7, and the small parts are collected manually.

[0050] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts, comprising a laser cutting machine tool body (1), characterized in that, It also includes a movable hanger (2) disposed above the main body (1) of the laser cutting machine tool. Both ends of the lower part of the movable hanger (2) are slidably connected to guide rails (3). The guide rails (3) are fixedly installed on the side wall of the main body (1) of the laser cutting machine tool. A hanging plate (4) is disposed below the movable hanger (2). Both ends of the top surface of the hanging plate (4) are fixedly installed with electric push rods (5) and U-shaped plates (6). The middle part of the electric push rods (5) is fixedly inserted through the movable hanger (2). The U-shaped plates (6) are vertically slidably engaged with the movable hanger (2). A pressure equalizing plate (7) with a cavity structure is disposed below the hanging plate (4). The bottom surface of the pressure equalizing plate (7) is provided with multiple adsorption holes. The movable hanger (2) A piston groove (9) is fixedly installed on the top. The piston groove (9) and the pressure equalizing plate (7) are connected by a gas pipe (10). Two connecting plates (8) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the pressure equalizing plate (7). The upper end of the connecting plate (8) moves through the hanging plate (4) and is set inside the U-shaped plate (6). A piston plate (11) is slidably connected inside the piston groove (9). Two transmission components (12) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston plate (11) facing the U-shaped plate (6). The inner wall of the U-shaped plate (6) is provided with a transmission groove (15) that slides with the transmission component (12). When the U-shaped plate (6) descends, it drives the transmission component (12) and the piston plate (11) to move horizontally, so that a negative pressure state is formed inside the piston groove (9). The U-shaped plate (6) has a guide hole (16). The lower inner wall of the guide hole (16) is straight, and the upper inner wall is wavy. The upper end of the connecting plate (8) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (17), and the end of the guide rod (17) is located in the guide hole (16).

2. The laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable hanger (2) includes a horizontal plate with an I-shaped structure. Vertical plates are provided at both ends of the horizontal plate. A clamping plate is provided on the side of the vertical plate away from the horizontal plate. Multiple bolts are connected between the clamping plate and the end of the horizontal plate. Adjustment holes adapted to the bolts are provided on the vertical plate.

3. The laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide rail frame (3) includes a base plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the laser cutting machine body (1), a guide rail platform is fixedly connected to the base plate, and multiple guide wheels are rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical plate, with the guide wheels rolling on the guide rail platform.

4. The laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ventilation element (13) is movably connected inside the adsorption hole, and a rubber ring (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the ventilation element (13).

5. The laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission groove (15) includes a vertically arranged reset part (151) and a bent part (152) connected to the reset part (151). The lower end of the bent part (152) is connected to the reset part (151) by a horizontal part (153). The depth of the reset part (151) is greater than that of the bent part (152). The transmission component (12) includes a T-shaped rod (121) fixedly connected to the piston plate (11). Two slide rods (122) are slidably connected to one end of the T-shaped rod (121) facing the U-shaped plate (6). The slide rods (122) are slidably disposed in the corresponding transmission groove (15), and an elastic element is fixedly connected between the two slide rods (122).

6. The laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the U-shaped plate (6) is fixedly connected to a fixed seat (22), and a positioning rod (23) with a U-shaped structure is slidably connected inside the fixed seat (22). An elastic element is fixedly connected between the positioning rod (23) and the fixed seat (22). A drive plate (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable hanger (2), and the drive plate (24) abuts against the positioning rod (23).

7. The laser cutting device for producing sheet metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Limiting plates (19) are provided on both sides below the equalizing plate (7). Multiple sliding columns (20) are hinged to the top surface of the limiting plate (19). The sliding columns (20) are slidably connected to the hanging plate (4), and the upper end of the sliding column (20) and the hanging plate (4) are connected together by an elastic element.

8. The laser cutting apparatus for producing sheet metal parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top surface of the limiting plate (19) is fixedly connected to multiple rectangular frames (21), and the side wall of the pressure equalizing plate (7) is hinged with multiple tie rods (18). The lower end of the tie rod (18) is slidably connected to the corresponding rectangular frame (21).

9. A laser cutting process for producing metal sheet metal parts, applied to the laser cutting apparatus for producing metal sheet metal parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Import the model data of the small parts to be cut into the software of the laser cutting machine body (1), set the corresponding process parameters, and place the sheet metal parts on the nail bed of the laser cutting machine body (1). S2. The drive unit moves the laser, and the laser beam generated by the laser cuts the sheet metal part into multiple identical small parts. S3. The moving hanger (2) moves to above the small part after cutting. The electric push rod (5) drives the hanging plate (4) to descend. The pressure equalizing plate (7) descends and contacts the small part. The piston plate (11) moves to make the pressure equalizing plate (7) adsorb the small part. The guide rod (17) cooperates with the guide hole (16) to make the pressure equalizing plate (7) drive the small part to swing, causing the micro-connection to break. S4. The electric push rod (5) rises, causing the adsorbed small parts to leave the waste skeleton, canceling the adsorption of the equalizing plate (7), and the small parts are collected manually.

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