A multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment

Abstract

The application provides a multi-dimensional supporting leg structure for light-weight steel ring splicing equipment, relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and comprises a mounting base fixedly connected with a vehicle frame, a telescopic driving mechanism arranged between the mounting base and a supporting leg assembly, an angle adjusting mechanism arranged between a cylinder barrel and the mounting base, and a self-locking mechanism for locking the cylinder barrel and a piston rod when a driving unit fails. The telescopic driving mechanism is composed of the cylinder barrel, the piston rod and the driving unit, the angle adjusting mechanism enables the cylinder barrel to realize double-axis swing adjustment through a first rotation shaft and a second rotation shaft perpendicular to each other and corresponding rotation driving, and the self-locking mechanism is composed of a locking rack, a movable tooth claw, a return spring, an electromagnet and a permanent magnet, and realizes power-on unlocking and power-off self-locking. The structure significantly increases the supporting polygon under complex foundation conditions, improves the anti-overturning stability of the equipment, reliably supports when the hydraulic system fails, and improves the safety and adaptability of steel ring splicing operation in a tunnel.

Description

A multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to a multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the reinforcement and maintenance of subway tunnels, when it is necessary to reinforce or partially replace steel rings within existing tunnels, the working space is generally quite narrow, and the site is often a confined environment with already laid tracks. Traditional large-scale tunnel boring machines (TBMs) used for segment assembly are bulky, heavy, and have high requirements for construction space and temporary foundation conditions, making them unsuitable for subsequent reinforcement or partial steel ring repair work in already formed tunnels. Therefore, the industry is gradually shifting towards lightweight, track-based, small-scale equipment. These machines have small lifting arms mounted on their traveling mechanisms, working in conjunction with vacuum suction cups or mechanical clamps to transport, position, and assemble steel rings.

[0003] In this type of lightweight steel ring splicing equipment, the equipment body travels along the construction or operating track laid inside the tunnel. The track surface itself needs to meet certain smoothness requirements. However, when the equipment is performing steel ring hoisting and splicing operations, the extension of the boom causes the overall center of gravity to shift significantly to one side. Under heavy load and boom extension conditions, the lightweight vehicle body is prone to generating large overturning moments. To improve overturning resistance, it is usually necessary to install telescopic outriggers on both sides of the vehicle body, supporting the bottom of the outriggers on the track bed surface, side ditch cover plate, or inner surface of the tunnel lining to increase the applicable range and effective support width. However, tunnel cross-sections often adopt arc-shaped lining structures, and to meet requirements such as drainage, track gradient, and superelevation, longitudinal slopes, lateral superelevation, and local undulations are common on the track bed, side ditch, and inner surface of the lining near the track. These are difficult to consider as flat support surfaces comparable to the track surface. This makes the actual contact surface where the outrigger support point is located arc-shaped, uneven, and possibly sloping.

[0004] In existing technologies, most construction machinery still uses outriggers designed for flat foundations, such as H-type or X-type outriggers. These outriggers typically only allow angle adjustment within a single plane, making it difficult to fully conform to the support surfaces in curved, sloping, and uneven tunnels. This results in the support reaction force deviating from the expected direction, limiting the effective area of ​​the support polygon, and leading to insufficient overall stability. Furthermore, the outrigger structures of existing tunnel construction equipment largely rely on hydraulic cylinders and associated hydraulic valve assemblies for support and locking. In the dusty, vibrating, and humid tunnel environment, the risk of hydraulic pipeline rupture or hydraulic valve failure always exists. If hydraulic oil leakage or locking failure occurs, the outrigger will suddenly "soften," making it difficult to maintain the vehicle's support height and easily causing the equipment to overturn, posing a significant safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment, which significantly improves the anti-overturning stability and overall operational safety of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment under heavy load and long boom conditions.

[0006] This application provides a multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment includes:

[0008] The mounting base is fixedly connected to the frame of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment;

[0009] The support leg assembly is movably mounted on the mounting base and supported on the load-bearing surface of the environment.

[0010] A telescopic drive mechanism is disposed between the mounting base and the support leg assembly for controlling the support leg assembly to move closer to or away from the mounting base. It includes a cylinder, a piston rod, and a drive unit for driving the piston rod to move within the cylinder. The cylinder is connected to the mounting base, and the piston rod is connected to the support leg assembly.

[0011] An angle adjustment mechanism is disposed between the cylinder and the mounting base, for oscillating the cylinder relative to the mounting base about a first axis and a second axis that are perpendicular to each other; and

[0012] The self-locking mechanism is electrically connected to the drive unit. When the drive unit fails, the self-locking mechanism locks the piston rod and cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, a cylinder lug is provided at the end of the cylinder barrel away from the piston rod, and a piston lug is provided at the end of the piston rod away from the cylinder barrel;

[0014] The self-locking mechanism includes a locking rack, a movable pawl, an unlocking drive, and a locking drive. The locking rack is arranged along the sliding direction of the piston rod, with one end fixedly connected to the piston lug and the other end slidably connected to the cylinder lug. The movable pawl is provided with multiple locking teeth that are adapted to the locking rack, and it is slidably disposed on the cylinder lug along the direction of approaching or moving away from the locking rack. The locking drive is used to drive the movable pawl to slide closer to the locking rack, and the unlocking drive is used to drive the movable pawl to slide away from the locking rack.

[0015] Furthermore, the unlocking drive includes an electromagnet and a permanent magnet. The electromagnet is disposed on the cylinder ear plate, and the permanent magnet is disposed on the movable toothed claw and is positioned opposite to the electromagnet. The electromagnet is electrically connected to the drive unit.

[0016] When the drive unit is working, the electromagnet attracts the permanent magnet, causing the movable pawl to disengage from the locking rack;

[0017] When the drive unit fails, the electromagnet fails, causing the movable pawl to engage with the locking rack under the locking drive.

[0018] Furthermore, the locking drive includes a limiting rod and a return spring. The limiting rod is arranged along the sliding direction of the movable pawl, with one end connected to the movable pawl and the other end passing through the cylinder ear plate and slidably connected to the cylinder ear plate. The return spring is a compression spring, with its two ends connected to the cylinder ear plate and the movable pawl, respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotating base, a first rotating drive, and a second rotating drive. The rotating base is rotatably connected to the mounting base via a first rotating shaft, and the cylinder ear plate is rotatably connected to the rotating base via a second rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is arranged along the travel direction of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment, and the second rotating shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the bottom roller of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment. The first rotating drive is used to drive the first rotating shaft to rotate, and the second rotating drive is used to drive the second rotating shaft to rotate.

[0020] Furthermore, the first rotary drive includes a first turbine, a first worm gear, and a first drive member. The first turbine is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the first worm gear is rotatably connected to the mounting base, and the first drive member is used to drive the first worm gear to rotate.

[0021] The second rotary drive includes a second turbine, a second worm gear, and a second driving member. The second turbine is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, the second worm gear is rotatably connected to the rotating base, and the second driving member is used to drive the second worm gear to rotate.

[0022] Furthermore, both the first drive and the second drive are rotary handles, which are respectively fixedly mounted at the ends of the first worm and the second worm.

[0023] Furthermore, both the first drive and the second drive are drive motors, whose output ends drive the first worm and the second worm to rotate, respectively.

[0024] Furthermore, the support leg assembly includes a connecting component, a support plate, and an anti-slip pad disposed at the bottom of the support plate, wherein the support plate is movably connected to the piston lug plate via a connector.

[0025] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a hinged ball seat and a hinged ball head, the hinged ball seat being fixedly connected to the piston lug plate, and the hinged ball head being fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. This application integrates the installation base, telescopic drive mechanism, angle adjustment mechanism, self-locking mechanism, and outrigger assembly into a unified design. This organically combines the spatial attitude adjustment of the outriggers, support height adjustment, mechanical locking under failure conditions, and adaptive fitting to complex load-bearing surfaces. Without significantly increasing structural complexity or overall weight, it achieves a high degree of adaptability of lightweight steel ring splicing equipment to different support positions and foundation conditions within the confined space of tunnels. This not only improves the safety margin of steel ring hoisting and splicing operations during construction but also ensures controllability of on-site operation and convenience of maintenance.

[0028] 2. This application incorporates a self-locking mechanism on the telescopic drive mechanism, consisting of a locking rack, a movable pawl, a return spring, and an electromagnet and a permanent magnet electrically connected to the drive unit. When the drive unit is operating normally, the movable pawl disengages from the locking rack via an unlocking drive, allowing the piston rod to extend and retract freely. However, in the event of a drive unit failure or a power outage in the control system, the electromagnet automatically deactivates, and the movable pawl engages with the locking rack under the action of the return spring, mechanically locking the piston rod and cylinder. This achieves a fail-safe characteristic of "unlocking upon power-on and self-locking upon power-off," effectively preventing sudden retraction of the outriggers due to hydraulic leakage, oil pipe rupture, or other malfunctions, significantly improving the overall support safety of the machine.

[0029] 3. This application, by setting an angle adjustment mechanism including a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, and a corresponding rotation drive between the mounting base and the cylinder, enables the axial direction of the telescopic drive mechanism to be adjusted in two mutually perpendicular planes. Combined with the ball joint connection and anti-slip pad structure on the outrigger assembly, the outrigger assembly can reliably fit the curved, sloping, and locally uneven bearing base surface, significantly expanding the arrangement range of the outriggers on the tunnel track bed, side ditch cover plate, and lining surface, increasing the support polygon and effective support width, thereby effectively improving the overall anti-overturning stability of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment under heavy load and long boom extension conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the support leg structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the stowed state of the support leg structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 3 is a first-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 4 is a second-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the self-locking mechanism according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 5.

[0037] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating the angle adjustment of the support leg structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Mounting base; 21. Base top plate; 22. Base bottom plate; 23. Base vertical plate; 3. Leg assembly; 31. Support plate; 32. Anti-slip mat; 33. Connecting assembly; 331. Hinge ball joint; 332. Hinge ball head; 4. Telescopic drive mechanism; 41. Cylinder; 411. Cylinder lug; 42. Piston rod; 421. Piston lug; 5. Angle adjustment mechanism; 51. First rotating shaft; 52. Second rotating shaft; 5 3. Rotating base; 54. First rotary drive; 541. First turbine; 542. First worm gear; 543. First drive component; 55. Second rotary drive; 551. Second turbine; 552. Second worm gear; 553. Second drive component; 6. Self-locking mechanism; 61. Locking rack; 62. Movable pawl; 63. Locking drive; 631. Limiting rod; 632. Return spring; 64. Unlocking drive; 641. Electromagnet; 642. Permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] This application discloses a multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment. Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, the multi-dimensional support leg structure for the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment is disposed on the outer side of the frame 1. Preferably, a set of the above-mentioned support leg structure is disposed at each of the four corners of the frame 1. Thus, after the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment travels along the track to the target work position, multiple support legs form multi-point support to the bearing surface of the environment, thereby improving the overall anti-overturning stability and operational safety.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the frame 1 is an integral frame structure, which can be a rectangular steel structure chassis. A roller assembly is installed on its lower side for traveling along the track laid inside the tunnel. The mounting base 2 is fixedly installed near the edge of the frame 1, preferably welded or bolted to the crossbeam of the frame 1, so that the mounting base 2 can withstand the reaction force from the support leg assembly 3 and transmit the reaction force to the entire frame 1. Therefore, after the support leg assembly 3 is deployed, the frame 1 is no longer supported solely by the rollers contacting the track, but rather by the support legs and the bearing surface on the outer side of the track forming a stable support system.

[0042] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-3, the multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment includes a mounting base 2, a telescopic drive mechanism 4, an angle adjustment mechanism 5, a self-locking mechanism 6, and a support leg assembly 3. The mounting base 2 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The telescopic drive mechanism 4 is located between the mounting base 2 and the support leg assembly 3, and includes a cylinder 41, a piston rod 42, and a drive unit for driving the piston rod 42 to move within the cylinder 41. The cylinder 41 is connected to the mounting base 2, and the piston rod 42 is connected to the support leg assembly 3. The angle adjustment mechanism 5 is located between the cylinder 41 and the mounting base 2, and is used to make the cylinder 41 swing relative to the mounting base 2 around a first rotating axis 51 and a second rotating axis 52 that are perpendicular to each other. The self-locking mechanism 6 is arranged on the telescopic drive mechanism 4 and is electrically connected to the drive unit. When the drive unit fails, the self-locking mechanism 6 locks the piston rod 42 and the cylinder 41. The support leg assembly 3 is located at the lowest end and is in contact with the bearing surface.

[0043] Through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned components, the outriggers can achieve dual-axis angle adjustment and telescopic adjustment within space. This allows the outrigger assembly 3 to extend to different positions such as the track bed, side ditch cover, or inner surface of the lining outside the track, adapting to curved and / or sloping bearing surfaces. This significantly increases the support polygon of the equipment and improves the anti-overturning capability of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment under heavy load and large boom extension conditions. Furthermore, the self-locking mechanism 6 mechanically locks the piston rod 42 and cylinder 41 in the event of a drive unit failure. When the drive unit is working normally, the piston rod 42 is allowed to extend and retract freely. In the event of a drive unit failure, the locking state is automatically restored. Combined with the worm gear self-locking structure adopted by the angle adjustment mechanism 5, the outriggers have reliable self-locking capabilities in both angle and length dimensions. Therefore, when the drive source of the telescopic drive mechanism 4 is hydraulic or electric, even in extreme working conditions such as the hydraulic pipeline used by the telescopic drive mechanism 4 to drive the piston rod 42 to rupture or power outage, the outriggers can still maintain the support height and support posture through mechanical engagement, effectively preventing the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment from suddenly losing support and overturning, and significantly improving the overall safety and reliability of operations in the narrow space of the tunnel.

[0044] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the mounting base 2 includes a base top plate 21 arranged horizontally, a base bottom plate 22 spaced apart from the base top plate 21, and a base vertical plate 23 connecting the base top plate 21 and the base bottom plate 22. The base top plate 21 and base bottom plate 22 are rectangular plates, preferably made of steel plates to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity. The base top plate 21 and base bottom plate 22 are located on the top and bottom surfaces of the frame 1, respectively, and are fixedly connected to the frame 1 by bolts or other fasteners. The base bottom plate 22 is shorter than the base top plate 21, providing adjustment space for the outriggers. The base vertical plate 23 is arranged vertically, forming a "box-shaped" structure, giving the mounting base 2 high overall rigidity and facilitating the bearing of the loads from the angle adjustment mechanism 5 and the telescopic drive mechanism 4. The base top plate 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 by bolts or welds, thus forming the main connection interface between the outriggers and the frame 1.

[0045] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the telescopic drive mechanism 4 is disposed between the mounting base 2 and the support leg assembly 3, and is used to control the support leg assembly 3 to move closer to or away from the mounting base 2. The telescopic drive mechanism 4 includes a cylinder 41, a piston rod 42, and a drive unit. The cylinder 41 is a hollow cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open, and an internal cavity is formed to accommodate hydraulic oil. The piston rod 42 is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder 41, with one end extending into the cylinder 41 and fixedly connected to the internal piston, and the other end extending out of the cylinder 41 and connected to the support leg assembly 3. The drive unit is preferably a hydraulic drive unit, which realizes the extension or retraction of the piston rod 42 relative to the cylinder 41 by supplying pressurized hydraulic oil into or releasing hydraulic oil.

[0046] To facilitate cooperation with the angle adjustment mechanism 5 and the self-locking mechanism 6, a cylinder lug 411 is provided at the end of the cylinder 41 near the mounting base 2. The cylinder lug 411 is a plate-shaped structure arranged vertically and is used to connect to the rotating base 53 via a rotating shaft. A piston lug 421 is provided at the end of the piston rod 42 away from the cylinder 41. The piston lug 421 is also a plate-shaped structure arranged horizontally and is used to connect to the connecting component 33 in the support leg assembly 3. Thus, when the drive unit drives the piston rod 42 to extend, the piston lug 421, together with the support leg assembly 3, moves towards the bearing surface, realizing the height adjustment of the support leg; when the piston rod 42 retracts, the support leg assembly 3 retracts towards the mounting base 2, as shown in Figure 2, which facilitates equipment movement or passage through narrow areas of the tunnel cross section (such as the platform area, which is relatively narrow).

[0047] In order to enable the axial direction of the telescopic drive mechanism 4 to be adjusted according to the tunnel cross-section shape and the position of the support point, this application provides an angle adjustment mechanism 5, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 7. The angle adjustment mechanism 5 is located between the cylinder 41 and the mounting base 2, and is used to make the cylinder 41 swing relative to the mounting base 2 around the first rotating shaft 51 and the second rotating shaft 52 that are perpendicular to each other, so as to realize dual-axis angle adjustment.

[0048] Specifically, the angle adjustment mechanism 5 includes a rotating base 53, a first rotating drive 54, and a second rotating drive 55. One end of the rotating base 53 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 2 via a first rotating shaft 51, and the other end is rotatably connected to the cylinder ear plate 411 via a second rotating shaft 52. The first rotating shaft 51 is preferably arranged along the travel direction of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment, allowing the telescopic drive mechanism 4 to swing around the first rotating shaft 51 in a horizontal vertical plane, thereby adjusting the swing height and tilt state of the outrigger assembly 3 in the vertical direction on one side of the vehicle. The second rotating shaft 52 is preferably arranged along the axial direction of the bottom roller of the frame 1, allowing the telescopic drive mechanism 4 to swing around the second rotating shaft 52 in a longitudinal vertical plane, thereby adjusting the support position of the outrigger assembly 3 in the front-rear direction. Through the combination of the first rotating shaft 51 and the second rotating shaft 52, the outrigger can achieve multi-degree-of-freedom attitude adjustment in space, and the outrigger assembly 3 can accurately extend to different positions such as the track bed, side ditch cover, or inner surface of the lining outside the track, which is conducive to establishing a support polygon that is beneficial to anti-overturning.

[0049] Furthermore, to achieve reliable locking after angle adjustment, the first rotary drive 54 and the second rotary drive 55 preferably employ a worm gear transmission structure. The first rotary drive 54 includes a first turbine 541, a first worm 542, and a first drive member 543. The first turbine 541 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 51, the first worm 542 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 2, and the first drive member 543 drives the first worm 542 to rotate. The second rotary drive 55 includes a second turbine 551, a second worm 552, and a second drive member 553. The second turbine 551 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 52, the second worm 552 is rotatably connected to the rotating base 53, and the second drive member 553 drives the second worm 552 to rotate. Utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear, the first rotating shaft 51 and the second rotating shaft 52 can maintain their current angular positions when there is no external drive, thereby ensuring that the outrigger posture does not shift due to vibration or load changes during support.

[0050] In an alternative implementation, the first drive member 543 and the second drive member 553 can be a rotating handle structure, whereby the operator manually rotates the handle to drive the corresponding worm gear to rotate, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the angle. Preferably, in cases where higher automation or remote control is required, the first drive member 543 and the second drive member 553 can also be configured as drive motors, with the output ends of the drive motors connected to the first worm gear 542 and the second worm gear 552 respectively, to achieve rapid adjustment and precise control of the outrigger angle through electronic control.

[0051] In addition, to avoid the problem that traditional outriggers rely solely on hydraulic locking and are prone to sudden retraction when the hydraulic system leaks or is powered off, this application provides a self-locking mechanism 6 on the telescopic drive mechanism 4 to mechanically lock the piston rod 42 and cylinder 41 when the drive unit fails.

[0052] Specifically, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the self-locking mechanism 6 includes a locking rack 61, a movable pawl 62, a locking drive 63, and an unlocking drive 64. The locking rack 61 is arranged along the sliding direction of the piston rod 42, with one end fixedly connected to the piston lug 421 and the other end extending to the area near the cylinder lug 411. The movable pawl 62 is slidably disposed on the cylinder lug 411, and has multiple locking teeth that match the tooth profile of the locking rack 61. When the movable pawl 62 slides toward the locking rack 61, the locking teeth can engage in the tooth grooves of the locking rack 61, thereby restricting the movement of the locking rack 61 axially and achieving mechanical locking of the piston rod 42 at its current position.

[0053] Furthermore, the locking drive 63 employs a matching structure of a limiting rod 631 and a return spring 632. The limiting rod 631 is arranged along the sliding direction of the movable pawl 62, with one end connected to the movable pawl 62 and the other end passing through the cylinder ear plate 411 and slidingly engaging with it. The return spring 632 is sleeved on the outside of the limiting rod 631, with one end abutting against the cylinder ear plate 411 and the other end abutting against the movable pawl 62. Through the elastic force provided by the return spring 632, the movable pawl 62 is continuously pushed towards the locking rack 61. Without external force to release it, the movable pawl 62 naturally tends to engage with the locking rack 61, giving the outrigger a mechanical self-locking characteristic of "locking upon failure".

[0054] In order to release the aforementioned mechanical lock during normal lifting and adjustment, the self-locking mechanism 6 is provided with an unlocking drive 64 to drive the movable pawl 62 away from the locking rack 61 to slide. Preferably, the unlocking drive 64 includes an electromagnet 641 and a permanent magnet 642. The electromagnet 641 is arranged on the cylinder ear plate 411, and the permanent magnet 642 is arranged on the movable pawl 62, and the two are arranged opposite to each other. The electromagnet 641 is electrically connected to the drive unit. When the drive unit is working, the electromagnet 641 is energized and generates a magnetic force, which attracts the permanent magnet 642 toward the cylinder ear plate 411. This causes the movable pawl 62 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 632 and move away from the locking rack 61, so that the locking rack 61 is in the unlocked state. The piston rod 42 can extend and retract freely under the action of the drive unit. When the drive unit fails or the control system is de-energized, the electromagnet 641 loses its magnetic force. Under the action of the return spring 632, the movable pawl 62 automatically returns to its original position and engages with the locking rack 61, so that the piston rod 42 is reliably locked in the current extended position, preventing the outrigger from suddenly retracting due to hydraulic pressure loss.

[0055] Therefore, the self-locking mechanism 6 of this application solidifies the failure safety logic of "unlocking when the drive unit is normal and automatically locking when the drive unit fails" into the mechanical structure, so that the outrigger can still maintain effective support for the frame 1 under extreme working conditions, significantly improving the system safety.

[0056] On the other hand, the support leg assembly 3 is located at the end of the telescopic drive mechanism 4 away from the mounting base 2, for direct contact with the bearing surface and transmission of support force. The support leg assembly 3 includes a connecting component 33, a support plate 31, and an anti-slip pad 32 disposed at the bottom of the support plate 31. The support plate 31 is preferably a thick plate structure, with its upper surface connected to the connecting component 33 and its lower surface fixedly connected to the anti-slip pad 32. The anti-slip pad 32 is made of an elastic material with a high coefficient of friction, and its outer surface is provided with raised texture, grooves, or grid patterns, thereby providing a reliable anti-slip effect even on curved or sloping bearing surfaces.

[0057] To enable the support assembly 3 to adapt to the angle and shape of the bearing base, the connecting assembly 33 employs a ball joint structure. The connecting assembly 33 includes a hinged ball seat 331 and a hinged ball head 332. The hinged ball seat 331 is fixedly connected to the piston lug 421, and the hinged ball head 332 is fixedly connected to the support plate 31. The spherical surface of the hinged ball head 332 is rotatably accommodated within the hinged ball seat 331. Through the ball joint structure, the support plate 31 can swing relative to the piston lug 421 in multiple directions, allowing the support surface of the anti-slip pad 32 to automatically adjust its posture to closely conform to the curved lining surface, the sloping track bed, or the bearing base with local undulations, thereby ensuring that the support assembly 3 can still achieve uniform stress and stable support under complex foundation conditions.

[0058] In practical use, the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment first travels along the track to the target workstation using the roller assembly. Once in position, the operator adjusts the angle adjustment mechanism 5 via the first rotary drive 54 and the second rotary drive 55, aligning the axis of the telescopic drive mechanism 4 with the intended support area. Subsequently, the drive unit is activated, and the unlocking drive 64 is energized, releasing the mechanical lock of the self-locking mechanism 6 on the piston rod 42. The drive unit then pushes the piston rod 42 to extend gradually, causing the support leg assembly 3 to descend and contact the bearing surface. During this extension, the ball joint structure in the connecting assembly 33 automatically adjusts the angle of the support plate 31, ensuring the anti-slip pad 32 fully conforms to the current bearing surface.

[0059] During the actual splicing of the steel rings, the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment moves along the track sequentially, following the circumferential arrangement of the steel rings to be installed. The lifting arm, following the circumferential direction of the steel rings, lifts the single-sided steel ring segment by segment from the bottom position to the highest point of the arch and completes the splicing. When the lifting arm extends to the side and the steel ring is at the highest point on one side, the center of gravity of the frame experiences the maximum lateral offset relative to the center line of the track, resulting in the maximum overturning moment. Through the dual-axis adjustment of the axis of the telescopic drive mechanism 4 by the aforementioned angle adjustment mechanism 5 and the reasonable arrangement of the outrigger assembly 3 on different bearing bases, the outriggers can still extend the support polygon to the outer area of ​​the moving side of the steel ring even under the most unfavorable working condition, thereby providing continuous and reliable anti-overturning support for the entire movement process of the steel ring from the bottom to the highest point on one side.

[0060] When the frame 1 is lifted and leveled to the predetermined height by multiple outriggers, the drive unit is stopped and the drive 64 is unlocked by power-off. The movable pawl 62 re-engages with the locking rack 61 under the action of the return spring 632, and the self-locking mechanism 6 forms a mechanical lock on the piston rod 42. At the same time, the worm gear structure ensures that the first shaft 51 and the second shaft 52 remain stationary at the current angle position. Thus, the outriggers are reliably locked in both height and angle dimensions. The lightweight steel ring splicing equipment achieves high anti-overturning capability by means of the enlarged support polygon and the reasonable arrangement of support points.

[0061] In summary, through the coordinated design and division of labor of the mounting base 2, telescopic drive mechanism 4, angle adjustment mechanism 5, self-locking mechanism 6, and outrigger assembly 3, the embodiments of this application not only realize the multi-dimensional adjustment of the outriggers in space and reliable fit on complex bearing surfaces, effectively improving the anti-overturning stability of lightweight steel ring splicing equipment in tunnel environments, but also solve the safety hazard of sudden retraction of the outriggers under hydraulic system failure conditions through the fail-safe self-locking mechanism 6, thereby improving the overall safety and adaptability of this type of equipment in steel ring reinforcement and splicing operations.

[0062] Economic benefit analysis of a multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment according to this application:

[0063] Compared with related technologies, by using the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment of this application for tunnel steel ring reinforcement, previously, no matter what construction method or process was used, only one ring could be spliced ​​in a single construction window. However, by using the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment of this application for tunnel steel ring reinforcement, two rings can be spliced ​​in a single construction window. This not only ensures project quality but also accelerates the construction progress and saves a significant amount of time.

[0064] Most intuitively, through calculation, in the reinforcement of 216 steel rings in a subway tunnel in a certain region, if traditional construction methods are used, each steel ring reinforcement requires a maintenance window, with a labor cost of 400 yuan per person per shift, requiring 20 workers per shift, and a labor cost of 8,000 yuan per ring. Since the project has 216 rings, the total labor cost for assembling all rings would be 1,728,000 yuan. However, using the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment described in this application, only 12 workers are needed per maintenance window, with a labor cost of 400 yuan per person per shift, a cost of 4,800 yuan per shift, and a cost of 2,400 yuan per ring. In other words, 216 rings would only cost 518,400 yuan, ultimately saving 1,209,600 yuan in labor costs.

[0065] Social benefit analysis of adopting the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment of this application:

[0066] In the reinforcement of 216 steel rings in a subway tunnel in a certain region, the project was characterized by a long working front, numerous and long curved sections, a large volume of concrete pouring for the lining, short maintenance windows, difficulties in arranging construction machinery, long transportation distances, and significant interference from other maintenance work. This project provided strong support for the timely completion and delivery of the entire project, saved the subway operating company substantial costs, and received praise and awards from relevant departments and the community after adopting the steel ring reinforcement system and method described in this application for tunnel steel ring reinforcement.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment, characterized in that, include: A mounting base is fixedly connected to the frame of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment; a support leg assembly is movably mounted on the mounting base and supported on a bearing surface of the environment; a telescopic drive mechanism is located between the mounting base and the support leg assembly, used to control the support leg assembly to move closer to or further away from the mounting base, comprising a cylinder, a piston rod, and a drive unit for driving the piston rod to move within the cylinder, the cylinder being connected to the mounting base, and the piston rod being connected to the support leg assembly; an angle adjustment mechanism is located between the cylinder and the mounting base, used to allow the cylinder to swing relative to the mounting base around a first and a second mutually perpendicular axis; and a self-locking mechanism is electrically connected to the drive unit, when the... When the drive unit fails, the self-locking mechanism locks the piston rod and cylinder. A cylinder lug is provided at the end of the cylinder away from the piston rod, and a piston lug is provided at the end of the piston rod away from the cylinder. The self-locking mechanism includes a locking rack, a movable pawl, an unlocking drive, and a locking drive. The locking rack is arranged along the sliding direction of the piston rod, with one end fixedly connected to the piston lug and the other end slidably connected to the cylinder lug. The movable pawl has multiple locking teeth adapted to the locking rack and is slidably disposed on the cylinder lug along the direction of approaching or moving away from the locking rack. The locking drive is used to drive the movable pawl to slide closer to the locking rack, and the unlocking drive is used to drive the movable pawl to slide away from the locking rack. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a rotating base, a first rotating drive, and a second rotating drive. The rotating base is rotatably connected to the mounting base via a first rotating shaft, and the cylinder ear plate is rotatably connected to the rotating base via a second rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is arranged along the travel direction of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment, and the second rotating shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the bottom roller of the lightweight steel ring splicing equipment. The first rotating drive is used to drive the first rotating shaft to rotate, and the second rotating drive is used to drive the second rotating shaft to rotate. The first rotating drive includes a first turbine, a first worm gear, and a first driving component. The first turbine is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the first worm gear is rotatably connected to the mounting base, and the first driving component is used to drive the first worm gear to rotate. The second rotating drive includes a second turbine, a second worm gear, and a second driving component. The second turbine is coaxially and fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, the second worm gear is rotatably connected to the rotating base, and the second driving component is used to drive the second worm gear to rotate.

2. The multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unlocking drive includes an electromagnet and a permanent magnet. The electromagnet is mounted on the cylinder ear plate, and the permanent magnet is mounted on the movable pawl and is positioned opposite to the electromagnet. The electromagnet is electrically connected to the drive unit. When the drive unit is working, the electromagnet attracts the permanent magnet, causing the movable pawl to disengage from the locking rack. When the drive unit fails, the electromagnet fails, causing the movable pawl to engage with the locking rack under the locking drive.

3. The multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking drive includes a limiting rod and a return spring. The limiting rod is arranged along the sliding direction of the movable pawl, with one end connected to the movable pawl and the other end passing through the cylinder ear plate and slidably connected to the cylinder ear plate. The return spring is a compression spring, with its two ends connected to the cylinder ear plate and the movable pawl, respectively.

4. The multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first drive and the second drive are rotary handles, which are fixedly mounted at the ends of the first worm and the second worm, respectively.

5. A multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first drive and the second drive are drive motors, whose output terminals drive the first worm and the second worm to rotate, respectively.

6. The multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support leg assembly includes a connecting component, a support plate, and an anti-slip pad disposed at the bottom of the support plate. The support plate is movably connected to the piston lug plate via a connector.

7. A multi-dimensional support leg structure for lightweight steel ring splicing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting assembly includes a hinged ball seat and a hinged ball head. The hinged ball seat is fixedly connected to the piston lug plate, and the hinged ball head is fixedly connected to the support plate.

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