Facility greenhouse soil multi-parameter in-situ rapid detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a facility greenhouse soil multi-parameter in-situ rapid detection device, and relates to the technical field of soil in-situ detection.The facility greenhouse soil multi-parameter in-situ rapid detection device comprises a supporting table and further comprises a top fixing frame, and the top fixing frame is located at the top of the supporting table. A soil sample in the storage bin is quantitatively conveyed to a detection placing disc of a field detection instrument by a silt conveying pump through a conveying channel, infrared sensors annularly distributed on the disc are used for carrying out near infrared spectrum scanning on the soil sample, and the content of nutrients such as organic matters, total nitrogen and total potassium in soil is rapidly analyzed through a built-in algorithm model. All-dimensional data from physics to chemistry, from a surface layer to a deep layer and from a contact type to a spectrum type are obtained at a time; and the second detection mechanism is independently controlled to lift, so that accurate contact type detection data can be obtained on the non-ideal flat ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil in-situ testing technology, specifically to a rapid in-situ testing device for multiple parameters of soil in greenhouses. Background Technology

[0002] In precision agriculture production in greenhouses, the physicochemical properties of soil (such as temperature, humidity, pH, electrical conductivity, and nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) are key factors affecting crop growth and yield. Traditional soil testing methods mainly rely on manual sampling followed by laboratory analysis, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, and costly. Furthermore, the test results are significantly delayed, failing to provide effective guidance for real-time and precise agricultural operations (such as irrigation and fertilization). Currently, some portable or in-situ soil testing devices have emerged on the market, but they typically suffer from the following shortcomings.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 223192820 U discloses a portable in-situ soil quality multi-parameter detection device. It mainly includes a controller, connecting cables, an optical probe, and sensors. The controller is equipped with a touch screen, a microcontroller circuit board, a microcontroller, an SD card, push-button switches, a wireless communication control board, and a power supply, enabling power management, detection system control, real-time data processing, human-computer interaction, data storage, and remote transmission. The sensors include soil temperature probes, soil moisture probes, soil conductivity probes, and soil pH probes, enabling real-time data acquisition of soil temperature, humidity, conductivity, and pH values. The optical probe includes a ring lamp holder, a light source, a photoelectric sensor, a plano-convex lens, a light-shielding plate, a light-blocking boss, and a light-blocking ring, enabling rapid acquisition of soil organic matter spectral information. This invention achieves simultaneous acquisition of multiple soil parameters, has a reasonable structural design, is easy to operate, and is suitable for widespread application in the field of in-situ soil detection.

[0004] However, the above solution still has the following problems:

[0005] Limited functionality: Most devices can only detect one or two parameters (such as only measuring humidity or pH), making it difficult to comprehensively assess soil conditions;

[0006] Low level of automation: Sampling and preprocessing still require a lot of manual intervention, resulting in low efficiency;

[0007] Poor adaptability: For soil surfaces with slight undulations commonly found in greenhouses, contact-type detection probes cannot guarantee uniform and close contact with the soil, affecting data accuracy;

[0008] Limited detection capabilities: It cannot simultaneously and conveniently obtain differentiated data on surface and deep soil layers, failing to meet normal usage requirements.

[0009] Therefore, the present invention needs to design a multi-parameter in-situ rapid detection device for soil in greenhouses to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent device that integrates automatic sampling, rapid preprocessing, and in-situ multi-parameter synchronous detection functions to meet the urgent need of facility agriculture for efficient, accurate, layered, and real-time acquisition of soil data.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-parameter in-situ rapid detection device for soil in greenhouses, comprising a support platform, and further comprising:

[0012] The top fixing frame is located on top of the support platform;

[0013] The supporting base plate is located below the supporting platform and is used to support the supporting platform.

[0014] The first testing mechanism is located at the bottom of the support platform and penetrates the support base plate. The first testing mechanism is used for a single soil parameter test.

[0015] The second testing mechanism is located at the bottom of the supporting base plate and is used for secondary soil parameter testing.

[0016] A top vibration chamber is fixedly connected to the top of the top fixed frame. A soil treatment roller is rotatably connected above the top vibration chamber. A vibration treatment chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top vibration chamber. A storage chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration treatment chamber. A field testing instrument is fixedly connected to one side of the storage chamber. A testing placement plate is installed inside the field testing instrument. Infrared sensors that are equidistantly distributed in a circular pattern are installed on the top of the testing placement plate.

[0017] The first detection mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod, the bottom of the support platform is fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod, and a second detection probe that penetrates the support base plate is installed below the electric telescopic rod;

[0018] The second detection mechanism includes two support plates. Support plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform and to both sides of the electric telescopic rod. The bottom of both support plates is fixedly connected to the support base plate. Connecting plates are slidably connected inside both support plates. Detection mounting boxes are installed at the bottom of both connecting plates. Illumination lamp plates are fixedly connected at equal intervals inside the detection mounting boxes. Detection sensors are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer sides of the illumination lamp plates. First detection probes are installed at equal intervals on one side of each illumination lamp plate.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two fixed side plates are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two supporting uprights, and a second reciprocating screw is rotatably connected between the two fixed side plates on the same side. A movable sliding plate is threaded to the outer side of the second reciprocating screw, and one side of the movable sliding plate is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting plate.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform and to both sides of the top fixed frame. A first reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to one end of each limiting plate. Two first movable sliders are threadedly connected to the outer side of each first reciprocating screw. A positioning clamp is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two first movable sliders. A positioning pin for use with a soil treatment roller is installed on the outer side of each of the two positioning clamps. A limiting guide rail is fixedly connected to the bottom of each first reciprocating screw. Two second movable sliders are slidably connected inside each limiting guide rail. The top of each second movable slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the corresponding first movable slider.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connecting frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of each connecting plate, and connecting rods are installed at equal intervals at the bottom of each connecting frame. A positioning block is fixedly connected to the bottom of each connecting rod, and the bottom of each positioning block is connected to a corresponding detection sensor. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod, and a third drive motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate. The output end of the third drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the second detection probe. Equally spaced support side plates are rotatably connected around the mounting plate.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protective chambers are fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the two supporting uprights. A second drive motor is fixedly connected inside each of the two protective chambers. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output end of each of the two second drive motors. A second bevel gear is rotatably connected to one side of each of the two first bevel gears. The second bevel gears mesh with their corresponding first bevel gears. A drive shaft extending to the top of each of the two second bevel gears is fixedly connected to the top of the protective chamber. A drive pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the top of each of the two drive shafts. A drive belt is fitted around the outside of each of the two drive pulleys and above the protective chambers. The drive pulleys mesh with their corresponding drive belts. Two driven pulleys are fitted inside their corresponding drive belts. Both driven pulleys are connected to the drive belts via their corresponding drive pulleys.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the support base plate is fixedly connected to a bottom fixing frame on all four sides, and a universal wheel is installed on the bottom of each of the four bottom fixing frames. A support foot is installed on the bottom of each of the four bottom fixing frames and on one side of the universal wheel. Each of the four bottom fixing frames has a T-shaped structure to facilitate the fixing of other equipment. The top of each of the four bottom fixing frames is threaded with a first positioning bolt that matches the limit of the corresponding support foot.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sediment transport pump is installed on the side of the storage bin near the on-site testing instrument, and the output end of the sediment transport pump is fixedly connected to a transport channel extending above the on-site testing instrument.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a control panel is fixedly connected to the outside of the field testing instrument. The first drive motor, the second drive motor, the lighting panel, the detection sensor, the first detection probe, the field testing instrument, the infrared sensor, the sediment transport pump, the electric telescopic rod, the third drive motor, and the second detection probe are all electrically connected to the control panel.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support base plate has an installation groove for use with the first detection mechanism, the two support uprights have slots for installation with the transmission belt, and the two support uprights have limiting grooves for use with the connecting plate located below the slots.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the top vibration chamber is provided with equally spaced vibrating screen holes to facilitate the feeding of some material into the vibration treatment chamber. The top of the top vibration chamber and both sides of the soil treatment roller are fixedly connected with handles.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] This invention comprises a first detection mechanism and a second detection mechanism. Soil samples from the storage chamber are quantitatively transported by a sediment pump through a conveying channel to the detection placement tray of the on-site detection instrument. Infrared sensors arranged in a ring on the tray perform near-infrared spectral scanning of the soil samples. A built-in algorithm model rapidly analyzes the soil's nutrient content, including organic matter, total nitrogen, and total potassium. Using a pre-established chemometric model trained on a large number of samples, the soil nutrient content can be quickly deduced. This modeling process is a conventional technique known to those skilled in the art. The movement trajectory of the first moving slider is limited by a limiting guide rail and a second moving slider, and with normal reset, four universal joints... The wheels drive the entire device to move to the required work location. Once at the desired testing location, multiple first positioning bolts work in conjunction with adjustable support feet to provide overall support, ensuring the accuracy of various parameters in subsequent soil testing. The specifications of the conveying channel can be adjusted as needed to prevent soil blockage. The device slides up and down normally via limit grooves and connecting plates, shortening the traditional testing process that takes several days to a few minutes on-site. It acquires comprehensive data in one go, ranging from physical to chemical, from surface to deep layers, and from contact to spectral methods. The independently controlled lifting of the second testing mechanism ensures accurate contact testing data even on uneven ground. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective chamber of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the first detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the second detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 Appendix of the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram;

[0036] Figure 7 Appendix of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the diagram.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. Support platform; 11. Top fixing frame; 12. Top vibrating chamber; 13. Handle; 14. Vibrating screen hole; 15. Soil treatment roller; 16. Positioning clamp; 17. Positioning pin; 18. First moving slider; 19. First drive motor; 191. Limiting plate;

[0039] 2. Support base plate; 21. Mounting groove; 22. Bottom fixing frame; 23. Casters; 24. Support feet; 25. First positioning bolt; 26. Limiting guide rail; 27. Second moving slider; 28. First reciprocating lead screw;

[0040] 3. Support plate; 31. Fixed side plate; 32. Second reciprocating screw; 33. Driven pulley; 34. Limiting groove; 35. Moving slide plate; 36. Connecting plate;

[0041] 4. Protective compartment; 41. Second drive motor; 42. First bevel gear; 43. Second bevel gear; 44. Drive shaft; 45. Drive pulley; 46. Drive belt;

[0042] 5. Testing and mounting box; 51. Lighting panel; 52. Testing sensor; 53. Connecting rod; 54. Connecting bracket; 55. First testing probe;

[0043] 6. On-site testing instruments; 61. Testing tray; 62. Infrared sensor; 63. Conveying channel; 64. Vibration treatment chamber; 65. Storage chamber; 66. Sediment conveying pump;

[0044] 7. Electric telescopic pole; 71. Third drive motor; 72. Support side plate; 73. Second detection probe. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-parameter in-situ rapid detection device for soil in greenhouses, including a support platform 1, and further comprising:

[0047] Top fixing frame 11, the top fixing frame 11 is located on the top of the support platform 1;

[0048] Support base plate 2 is located below support platform 1 and is used to support support platform 1.

[0049] The first testing mechanism includes a liftable electric telescopic rod 7 and a second testing probe 73 installed at its lower end. The first testing mechanism is located at the bottom of the support platform 1 and penetrates the support base plate 2. The first testing mechanism is used for a single soil parameter test.

[0050] The second testing mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged support plates 3. The support plates 3 are equipped with a liftable connecting plate 36. The bottom of the connecting plate 36 is equipped with a testing installation box 5. The testing installation box 5 is equipped with a lighting plate 51 and multiple first testing probes 55 and testing sensors 52 arranged thereon. The second testing mechanism is located at the bottom of the support base plate 2 and is used for secondary soil parameter testing.

[0051] In this scheme, a soil pretreatment mechanism is provided on the top fixed frame 11. The mechanism includes a top vibration chamber 12, a vibration treatment chamber 64 and a storage chamber 65 connected in sequence. The storage chamber 65 is connected to a field testing instrument 6 for spectral detection of the pretreated soil sample. The top vibration chamber 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the top fixed frame 11. A soil treatment roller 15 is rotatably connected above the top vibration chamber 12. The vibration treatment chamber 64 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top vibration chamber 12. The storage chamber 65 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration treatment chamber 64. The field testing instrument 6 is fixedly connected to one side of the storage chamber 65. A detection placement plate 61 is installed inside the field testing instrument 6. Infrared sensors 62 are equidistantly distributed in a circular pattern on the top of the detection placement plate 61.

[0052] In this scheme, the first detection mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod 7. The electric telescopic rod 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform 1. A second detection probe 73 that penetrates the support base plate 2 is installed below the electric telescopic rod 7.

[0053] In this scheme, the second detection mechanism includes two support plates 3. The bottom of the support platform 1 and both sides of the electric telescopic rod 7 are fixedly connected to the support plates 3. The bottom of the two support plates 3 is fixedly connected to the support base plate 2. The interior of the two support plates 3 is slidably connected to the connecting plates 36. The bottom of the two connecting plates 36 is equipped with a detection mounting box 5. The interior of the detection mounting box 5 is fixedly connected to the equally spaced lighting plates 51. The exterior of the lighting plates 51 is fixedly connected to the equally spaced detection sensors 52. The side of the lighting plates 51 is equipped with equally spaced first detection probes 55. Multiple first detection probes 55 are used for one soil parameter detection.

[0054] Please see Figures 1-6In this scheme, two fixed side plates 31 are fixedly connected to the two supporting upright plates 3 on opposite sides. A second reciprocating screw 32 is rotatably connected between the two fixed side plates 31 on the same side. A movable slide plate 35 is threaded to the outer side of the second reciprocating screw 32. One side of the movable slide plate 35 is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting plate 36. When the second reciprocating screw 32 rotates, it drives the movable slide plate 35 to reciprocate, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the movable slide plate 35 and driving the connecting plate 36 on one side to move downward, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the second detection mechanism to meet the needs of different working sites.

[0055] In this design, the top of the support platform 1 and both sides of the top fixed frame 11 are fixedly connected to limit plates 191. One end of each limit plate 191 is rotatably connected to a first reciprocating screw 28. The outer side of each first reciprocating screw 28 is threadedly connected to two first movable sliders 18. The top of each of the two first movable sliders 18 is fixedly connected to a positioning clamp 16. The outer side of each of the two positioning clamps 16 is equipped with a positioning pin 17 for use with the soil treatment roller 15. The bottom of each first reciprocating screw 28 is fixedly connected to a limit guide rail 26. The inside of each limit guide rail 26 is slidably connected to two second movable sliders 27. The top of each second movable slider 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the corresponding first movable slider 18. The movement trajectory of the first movable slider 18 is limited by the limit guide rail 26 and the second movable slider 27, which facilitates normal reset.

[0056] Please see Figures 1-6 In this scheme, the bottom of the connecting plate 36 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 54, the bottom of the connecting frame 54 is installed with the connecting rod 53 distributed at equal intervals, the bottom of the connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to the positioning block, and the bottom of the positioning block is connected to the corresponding detection sensor 52, thereby reinforcing the connection between the detection mounting box 5 and the connecting plate 36. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 7 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the bottom of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the third drive motor 71, the output end of the third drive motor 71 is fixedly connected to the top of the second detection probe 73, and the mounting plate is rotatably connected with the supporting side plates 72 distributed at equal intervals around its perimeter. The multiple supporting side plates 72 are used to assist in positioning during soil detection and provide support.

[0057] In this design, protective chambers 4 are fixedly connected to the adjacent sides of the two supporting uprights 3. Second drive motors 41 are fixedly connected inside each of the two protective chambers 4. First bevel gears 42 are fixedly connected to the output ends of both second drive motors 41. Second bevel gears 43 are rotatably connected to one side of each of the two first bevel gears 42, and each second bevel gear 43 meshes with its corresponding first bevel gear 42. Drive shafts 44 extending to the top of each of the two second bevel gears 43 are fixedly connected to the top of each second bevel gear 43. Drive pulleys 45 are fixedly connected to the top of each of the two drive shafts 44. Drive belts 46 are fitted around the outer sides of each drive pulley 45 and above the protective chambers 4, and each drive pulley 45 meshes with its corresponding drive belt 46. Two driven pulleys… Each of the two driven pulleys 33 is fitted inside the corresponding transmission belt 46. Both driven pulleys 33 are connected to the transmission belt 46 via the corresponding driving pulley 45. When the second drive motor 41 inside the protective chamber 4 is running, it will drive the transmission shaft 44 at the top of the protective chamber 4 to rotate through the cooperation of the first bevel gear 42 and the second bevel gear 43. With the cooperation of the transmission belt 46, the driven pulleys 33 inside the transmission belt 46 will rotate, thereby driving the second reciprocating screw 32 to rotate inside the two fixed side plates 31. This will help adjust the height of the second detection mechanism to the optimal detection position. At the same time, the two second drive motors 41 control the operation of the corresponding second detection mechanism, which is convenient for detecting uneven road surfaces and thus improves the flexibility of the equipment.

[0058] Please see Figures 1-7 In this solution, the bottom of the support base plate 2 is fixedly connected to four bottom fixing frames 22. The bottom of each of the four bottom fixing frames 22 is equipped with casters 23. Support feet 24 are installed on the bottom of each of the four bottom fixing frames 22 and on one side of the casters 23. The four bottom fixing frames 22 are all T-shaped structures, which facilitates the fixing of other equipment. The top of each of the four bottom fixing frames 22 is threaded with a first positioning bolt 25 that matches the limit of the corresponding support foot 24. The four casters 23 are used to drive the overall equipment to move to the required work location. After moving to the required testing location, the support feet 24 are adjusted by the multiple first positioning bolts 25 to achieve the overall equipment support effect and ensure the accuracy of various parameters of subsequent soil testing.

[0059] In this solution, a sediment transport pump 66 is installed on the side of the storage bin 65 near the on-site testing instrument 6. The output end of the sediment transport pump 66 is fixedly connected to a transport channel 63 extending above the on-site testing instrument 6. The specifications of the transport channel 63 can be adjusted as needed to prevent soil blockage.

[0060] In this solution, a control panel is fixedly connected to the outside of the field testing instrument 6. The first drive motor 19, the second drive motor 41, the lighting panel 51, the detection sensor 52, the first detection probe 55, the field testing instrument 6, the infrared sensor 62, the sediment transport pump 66, the electric telescopic pole 7, the third drive motor 71, and the second detection probe 73 are all electrically connected to the control panel. The control panel is used to control the operation of the first drive motor 19, the second drive motor 41, the lighting panel 51, the detection sensor 52, the first detection probe 55, the field testing instrument 6, the infrared sensor 62, the sediment transport pump 66, the electric telescopic pole 7, the third drive motor 71, and the second detection probe 73, realizing unified management of electrical equipment. The detection sensor 52 and the infrared sensor 62 measure the corresponding environmental parameters, convert them into signals, and send them to the control panel. The control panel receives the signals, processes them, and generates corresponding control signals according to the preset control algorithm.

[0061] Please see Figures 1-6 In this design, the support base plate 2 has an installation groove 21 inside for use with the first detection mechanism, and the two support upright plates 3 each have a slot for installation with the transmission belt 46. The two support upright plates 3 each have a limiting slide groove 34 inside and below the slot for use with the connecting plate 36. The limiting slide groove 34 allows the connecting plate 36 to slide normally up and down. The size of the limiting slide groove 34 is determined according to the operation requirements. The slot is used to facilitate the installation of the transmission belt 46, and the installation groove 21 is used to facilitate the normal sliding in and out operation of the first detection mechanism.

[0062] In this design, the top vibration chamber 12 is provided with equally spaced vibrating screen holes 14 to facilitate the feeding of some material into the vibration treatment chamber 64. The top of the top vibration chamber 12 and both sides of the soil treatment roller 15 are fixedly connected to handles 13, which are used for manual handling of the entire equipment.

[0063] Please see Figures 1-7 The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0064] This invention includes a first detection mechanism and a second detection mechanism. The control panel is opened during use.

[0065] When this device is in operation, it is an automated process that integrates automatic soil sample collection, processing, and in-situ multi-parameter detection.

[0066] Movement and Positioning: Move the device to the target detection point inside the greenhouse by using the casters 23 at the bottom of the support base plate 2, and stabilize the device by operating the support feet 24.

[0067] Soil sample collection and pretreatment: Start the rotation of the soil treatment roller 15 to scrape up the surface soil and send it into the top vibration chamber 12. Under the action of gravity and vibration, the soil is initially screened through the vibrating screen hole 14 and enters the vibration treatment chamber 64 for further crushing and homogenization. Finally, it falls into the storage chamber 65 for temporary storage.

[0068] Sample spectral detection in one step: Soil samples in storage chamber 65 are quantitatively transported by sediment pump 66 through conveying channel 63 to the detection placement tray 61 of on-site detection instrument 6. The infrared sensors 62 distributed in a ring on the tray perform near-infrared spectral scanning on the soil samples, and the organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium and other nutrient contents of the soil are quickly analyzed by the built-in algorithm model.

[0069] Secondary detection of surface soil in-situ contact detection: The second detection mechanism is controlled to descend. The second drive motor 41 rotates through two bevel gears and belt drive to rotate the second reciprocating screw 32, which drives the moving slide plate 35 and connecting plate 36 to move smoothly down along the limiting slide groove 34 of the supporting plate 3 until the first detection probe 55 and detection sensor 52 at the bottom of the detection mounting box 5 are in good contact with the soil surface. The lighting plate 51 provides a stable light source. At this time, multiple first detection probes 55 and detection sensors 52 can simultaneously detect various physicochemical parameters of the soil surface, such as temperature, humidity, pH value, and conductivity. The two second drive motors 41 can be controlled independently, so that the device can maintain parallel contact between the detection unit and the soil surface even on slightly uneven ground.

[0070] Supplementary deep soil puncture test: Activate the first detection mechanism, extend the electric telescopic rod 7, push the second detection probe 73 at its lower end to insert into the deep soil layer, and the third drive motor 71 can drive the second detection probe 73 to rotate to reduce puncture resistance. The second detection probe 73 can detect parameters such as soil moisture and temperature in the deep soil layer.

[0071] The detection sensor 52 may include, but is not limited to, a pH sensor and a conductivity sensor. The first detection probe 55 includes a temperature and humidity composite probe, and the second detection probe 73 is a deep soil moisture and temperature probe. All of these are commercially available mature sensor devices, and their signal access to the main control unit is a known technology.

[0072] The infrared sensor 62 is a near-infrared spectral sensor. By detecting the absorption and reflection characteristics of soil to a specific near-infrared band, it can quickly infer the soil nutrient content using a pre-established chemometric model trained with a large number of samples. This modeling process is a conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0073] Data aggregation and processing: All detection data from infrared sensor 62, first detection probe 55, detection sensor 52, and second detection probe 73 are transmitted to the control panel for centralized processing, display, and storage, forming a complete multi-parameter soil profile detection report. The control panel is used to control the operation of the first drive motor 19, second drive motor 41, lighting panel 51, detection sensor 52, first detection probe 55, field detection instrument 6, infrared sensor 62, sediment transport pump 66, electric telescopic pole 7, third drive motor 71, and second detection probe 73, realizing unified management of electrical equipment. Detection sensor 52 and infrared sensor 62 measure the corresponding environmental parameters, convert them into signals, and send them to the control panel. The control panel receives the signals, processes them, and generates corresponding control signals according to the preset control algorithm.

[0074] The movement trajectory of the first moving slider 18 is limited by the limiting guide rail 26 and the second moving slider 27, and is reset normally. Four universal wheels 23 are used to drive the overall equipment to move to the required work location. After moving to the required testing location, multiple first positioning bolts 25 are used in conjunction with the adjustment of the support feet 24 to achieve the overall equipment support effect, ensuring the accuracy of various parameters of subsequent soil testing. The specifications of the conveying channel 63 can be adjusted as needed to prevent soil blockage. It slides up and down normally through the limiting slide groove 34 and the connecting plate 36. The size of the limiting slide groove 34 is opened according to the operation requirements. The slot is used to facilitate the installation of the transmission belt 46. The mounting groove 21 is used to facilitate the normal sliding in and out operation of the first testing mechanism. Two handles 13 are used for manual handling of the overall equipment.

[0075] In this invention, a complete process of sampling, pretreatment, surface contact detection, deep puncture detection, and spectral analysis is constructed. The various devices do not work in isolation, but rather work together through a specific structural layout and control logic. Existing technologies believe that precise spectral detection must be performed on processed samples in a laboratory environment. This invention, by integrating targeted pretreatment equipment, enables the accuracy of in-situ spectral detection to meet practical requirements.

[0076] Unexpected technical effects can be achieved through the above combination:

[0077] The testing process, which traditionally takes several days, can be completed on-site in just a few minutes.

[0078] Acquire comprehensive data in one go, ranging from physical to chemical, from surface to deep, and from contact to spectral.

[0079] The independently controlled lifting of the second detection mechanism ensures accurate contact detection data can be obtained even on non-ideal flat surfaces.

[0080] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter in-situ rapid detection device for soil in greenhouse facilities, comprising a support platform (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The top fixing frame (11) is fixed to the top of the support platform (1); The supporting base plate (2) is located below the supporting platform (1) and is used for support; The first detection mechanism is located at the bottom of the support platform (1) and penetrates the support base plate (2), and is used to detect parameters of deep soil. The second detection mechanism is located below the supporting base plate (2) and is used to detect parameters of the surface soil; The top fixed frame (11) is equipped with a soil pretreatment mechanism, which includes a top vibration chamber (12), a vibration treatment chamber (64) and a storage chamber (65) connected in sequence. The storage chamber (65) is connected to a field testing instrument (6) for spectral detection of the pretreated soil sample. The first detection mechanism includes a liftable electric telescopic rod (7) and a second detection probe (73) installed at its lower end. The second detection mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged support plates (3), and the support plates (3) are provided with a liftable connecting plate (36). The bottom of the connecting plate (36) is equipped with a detection mounting box (5). The detection mounting box (5) is provided with a lighting plate (51) and a plurality of first detection probes (55) and detection sensors (52) arranged thereon.

2. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter detection device for greenhouse soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-site testing instrument (6) is equipped with a testing placement plate (61). The top of the testing placement plate (61) is equipped with infrared sensors (62) that are equidistantly distributed in a circular pattern. Two fixed side plates (31) are fixedly connected to the two supporting upright plates (3) on opposite sides. A second reciprocating screw (32) is rotatably connected between the two fixed side plates (31) on the same side. A movable sliding plate (35) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the second reciprocating screw (32). One side of the movable sliding plate (35) is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting plate (36).

3. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter detection device for greenhouse soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: Limiting plates (191) are fixedly connected to the top of the support platform (1) and to both sides of the top fixed frame (11). One end of each limiting plate (191) is rotatably connected to a first reciprocating screw (28). Two first moving sliders (18) are threadedly connected to the outer side of each first reciprocating screw (28). A positioning clamp (16) is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two first moving sliders (18). A limiting guide rail (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom of each first reciprocating screw (28). Two second moving sliders (27) are slidably connected inside each limiting guide rail (26). The top of each second moving slider (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the corresponding first moving slider (18).

4. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter detection device for greenhouse soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: An electric telescopic rod (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform (1). A second detection probe (73) penetrating the support base plate (2) is installed below the electric telescopic rod (7). A connecting frame (54) is fixedly connected to the bottom of each connecting plate (36). A connecting rod (53) is installed at an equal distance from the bottom of each connecting frame (54). An installation plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (7). A third drive motor (71) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation plate. The output end of the third drive motor (71) is fixedly connected to the top of the second detection probe (73). Support side plates (72) are rotatably connected around the installation plate.

5. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter soil detection device for greenhouses according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protective chamber (4) is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two supporting uprights (3). A second drive motor (41) is fixedly connected inside each of the two protective chambers (4). A first bevel gear (42) is fixedly connected to the output end of each of the two second drive motors (41). A second bevel gear (43) is rotatably connected to one side of each of the two first bevel gears (42). The second bevel gears (43) mesh with the corresponding first bevel gears (42). A drive shaft (44) extending to the top of the protective chamber (4) is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two second bevel gears (43). A drive pulley (45) is fixedly connected to one end of the top of each of the two drive shafts (44). A drive belt (46) is fitted on the outside of each of the two drive pulleys (45) and above the protective chamber (4). The drive pulleys (45) mesh with the corresponding drive belts (46).

6. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter soil detection device for greenhouses according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the support base plate (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom four sides with bottom fixing frames (22), and the bottom of the four bottom fixing frames (22) is equipped with casters (23). Support feet (24) are installed on the bottom of the four bottom fixing frames (22) and on one side of the casters (23).

7. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter detection device for greenhouse soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sediment transport pump (66) is installed on the side of the storage bin (65) near the field testing instrument (6), and the output end of the sediment transport pump (66) is fixedly connected to a transport channel (63) extending above the field testing instrument (6).

8. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter detection device for greenhouse soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control panel is fixedly connected to the outside of the field testing instrument (6). The first drive motor (19), the second drive motor (41), the lighting board (51), the detection sensor (52), the first detection probe (55), the field testing instrument (6), the infrared sensor (62), the mud and sand conveying pump (66), the electric telescopic rod (7), the third drive motor (71), and the second detection probe (73) are all electrically connected to the control panel.

9. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter detection device for greenhouse soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support base plate (2) has an installation groove (21) for use with the first detection mechanism. The two support upright plates (3) each have a slot for installation with the transmission belt (46). The two support upright plates (3) each have a limiting groove (34) for use with the connecting plate (36) located inside and below the slot.

10. The in-situ rapid multi-parameter detection device for greenhouse soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top vibration chamber (12) is provided with equally spaced vibrating screen holes (14), and handles (13) are fixedly connected to the top of the top vibration chamber (12) and on both sides of the soil treatment roller (15).

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