Pheromone inhibitor for preventing and treating tomicus tianshan and application of pheromone inhibitor

Abstract

The invention discloses a pheromone inhibitor for preventing and controlling beetle tianshan and application, and relates to the technical field of green prevention and control of forestry pests. The pheromone inhibitor is any one of the following components: (-)-bark beetle dienol; (-)-verbenone; and (-)-verbenone. The invention relates to a (-)-bark beetle dienol and (-)-verbenone composition. According to the invention, the key inhibition effect of the (-)-bark beetle dienol in chemical communication of bark beetles in Tianshan Mountain is disclosed for the first time, the efficient inhibition activity of the (-)-verbenone is defined, and a brand new action target is provided for developing a novel prevention and control agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of green control technology for forest pests, and more specifically to pheromone inhibitors for controlling the bark beetle of Tianshanus and their application. Background Technology

[0002] The bark beetle (Ips) belongs to the subfamily Scolytinae of the family Curculionidae in the order Coleoptera. It is widely distributed in coniferous forests in the Northern Hemisphere, primarily feeding on the phloem of Pinaceae plants such as spruce (Picea), pine (Pinus), and larch (Larix) (Wood, 1992; Wang et al., 2021). Many species cause damage through large-scale, aggregated attacks, forming tunnels in the phloem, posing a serious threat to forestry and ecological security. The successful establishment and dispersal of pine bark beetle populations largely depend on efficient chemical pheromone communication, particularly the behavioral regulation of aggregation pheromones. Aggregation pheromones are typically released by pioneer individuals after successfully locating and feeding on the host plant in pine trees, summoning other individuals of the same species for a collective attack to overcome the host's defense mechanisms. Therefore, analyzing the composition, release patterns, and regulatory mechanisms of aggregation pheromones in pine bark beetles is fundamental to developing behavior-based monitoring and control technologies for pine bark beetles. Unfeeding pine bark beetles do not synthesize or release aggregation pheromones. Therefore, understanding the composition, release patterns, and regulatory mechanisms of aggregation pheromones is crucial for developing behavior-based pest monitoring and control strategies.

[0003] Tianshan bark beetle Ips hauseri Reitter It is a major pest of spruce forests in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, my country. Previous studies have preliminarily identified terpenoid compounds in *Bartholinum tianshanense*, such as (-)-cis-verbenol, (-)-cis-verbenone, and (-)-ipsenol. Among them, (-)-ipsenol is considered to be the main aggregation pheromone component, (-)-cis-verbenol appears to act as a synergist, while the role of (-)-ipsenone is unclear. (-)-ipsenol and (-)-cis-verbenol are generally considered to be aggregation pheromone components in many *Bartholinum* insects, while (-)-ipsenone is often reported to have an inhibitory effect on aggregation. However, pheromone production is not static; the release of aggregation pheromones in insects is dynamically regulated by their internal physiological states (e.g., sex, feeding status) and external environmental factors (e.g., population density). Although feeding influences the release of aggregation pheromones in *Microsorum pterostigmata* (…), the release of aggregation pheromones is not static. I. hauseriThe effects of pheromone aggregation have been documented in the literature, but the dynamic regulatory mechanism of population density (a key factor) on pheromone synthesis and release still lacks systematic research and verification through field behavioral experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a pheromone inhibitor for controlling the Tianshan bark beetle and its application. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A pheromone inhibitor for controlling the Tianshan bark beetle, wherein the pheromone inhibitor is any one of the following components: (-)-Betridone; (-)-Verbenone; A combination of (-)-berberide alcohol and (-)-verbenone.

[0005] Furthermore, the weight ratio of (-)-berberine alcohol to (-)-verbenone in the composition is 7:20.

[0006] Furthermore, the pheromone inhibitor, combined with forestry-acceptable carriers and adjuvants, is formulated into any one of the following: a sustained-release inducer, microcapsule, spray, or smear.

[0007] A pheromone composition for controlling the bark beetle of Tianshanus, the pheromone composition comprising the pheromone inhibitor and the attractant (-)-bark beetle alcohol.

[0008] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the pheromone inhibitor to the attractant (-)-peperyl alcohol is 27:100.

[0009] Furthermore, the pheromone composition also includes (-)-cis-verbenol.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the attractant (-)-berberine alcohol to (-)-cis-verbenol is 80:20-60.

[0011] Application of pheromone inhibitors for controlling the Tianshan bark beetle in the preparation of pest behavior disruptors or aggregation inhibitors for controlling the Tianshan bark beetle.

[0012] A method for controlling the Tianshan bark beetle includes the following steps: The attractant (-)-peperomiol was used to trap animals at the forest edge, and the pheromone inhibitors described in any one of claims 1-3 were used simultaneously or alternately to interfere with their behavior. The dosage of the attractant (-)-peperomiol is 40-100 mg / lure core; The pheromone inhibitors were suspended on tree trunks in the forest at a density of 375-750 per hectare.

[0013] Furthermore, the preferred dosage of the attractant (-)-peperomiol is 80 mg / attractant core.

[0014] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, this invention employs a combination of headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and solvent extraction techniques to systematically analyze the characteristics of *Microsorum pectinatus* (Tianshan bark beetle) under different sexes, feeding states (starvation / satiation), and different population density gradients. I. hauseri The qualitative and quantitative differences in pheromone components within the body were investigated. Secondly, based on laboratory chemical analysis results, this invention evaluated the attraction effect of lures formulated with different pheromone compounds by setting up cross-shaped traps in the forest, thereby verifying the behavioral significance of the laboratory research results.

[0015] This invention reveals for the first time the key inhibitory role of (-)-bark beetle diene in the chemical communication of *Bark beetle tianshanensis*, and clarifies the highly efficient inhibitory activity of (-)-verbenone, providing a novel target for the development of new control agents. By combining attraction and inhibition, the single aggregation pattern of the pest is broken. Field trials have confirmed that using the inhibitor of this invention, the repulsion rate can reach up to 96.8%, demonstrating significant control effects. The use of pheromones for behavioral regulation ensures safety for non-target organisms, does not pollute the environment, and meets the requirements of sustainable forestry management. The optimal dosage and ratio of each active ingredient have been determined; the technical solution is mature and can be directly used for product development and field application.

[0016] This invention systematically reveals the characteristics of the Tianshan bark beetle ( I.hauseri The study reveals mechanisms by which pheromone release is dynamically regulated by feeding and population density, deepening the understanding of the chemical communication plasticity of bark beetles. Furthermore, the findings provide direct chemical and behavioral evidence for developing efficient and species-specific trapping techniques, which is crucial for promoting the sustainable management of bark beetles in spruce forests of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 GC-MS chromatogram of pheromones from the starved male group of *Bartholinae tianshanensis*; Figure 2 GC-MS chromatogram of pheromones from the starved female group of *Bartholinae tianshanensis*; Figure 3 GC-MS chromatogram of pheromones from the male-feeding group of *Bartholinae tianshanensis*; Figure 4 GC-MS chromatogram of pheromones from the Tianshan bark beetle in the female-feeding group; Figure 5 The effect of feeding status on pheromone titers in male insects; Figure 6 The effect of feeding status on pheromone titers in female insects; Figure 7 The changes in pheromone titers of *Bartholinae tianshanensis* in starved male beetle treatment groups under different densities; Figure 8 The changes in pheromone titers of *Bartholinae tianshanensis* in male-feeding groups under different densities; Figure 9 The changes in pheromone titers of *Bartholinae tianshanensis* in starved female beetle treatment groups under different densities; Figure 10 The changes in pheromone titers of *Bartholinae tianshanensis* in female-feeding groups under different densities; Figure 11 The relationship between (-)-barberenol content and the trapping amount of *Bartholinium tianshanense*; Figure 12 The effect of (-)-cis-verbenol on the induction of (-)-barberenol; Figure 13 The trapping effect of different combinations of (-)-barberenol, dienol, plant odor E2-6:OH, and α-Pinene on the Tianshan bark beetle; Figure 14 The inhibitory effects of different doses of (-)-berberine on (-)-berberine were investigated. Figure 15 The inhibitory effect of (-)-verbenone on (-)-berberine-induced inhibition; Figure 16 The trapping effect of (-)-cis-verbenol and (-)-peperenol combined; Figure 17 The trapping effect of (-)-betel denenol, (-)-betel dieneol and (-)-verbenone combination; Figure 18 The field control effect of repellents (including inhibitors) in Baiyanggou; Figure 19 The field control effect of repellents (including inhibitors) on small ditches; Figure 20 The study investigated the field control efficacy of repellents (including inhibitors) in Gangou. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Study on the Pattern of Pheromone Release Materials and methods Source of insects: In May 2025, traps were placed near a spruce forest in Gangou Township, Yongfeng Town, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (43°32′N, 87°19′E), and adult bark beetles were collected from them.

[0021] Extraction and analysis Headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used to extract aggregation pheromones from *Bartholinae*. The experimental design included three density gradients (20, 100, and 200 insects each) for both starvation and feeding conditions, resulting in 12 treatment groups. For the feeding treatment, a 3-cm wide and 20-cm long slit was cut in the bark of a spruce trunk segment approximately 30 cm in diameter and 40 cm in length. The bartholin was placed into the slit and allowed to burrow completely into the bark, feeding continuously for 12 hours before being removed and extracted. For the starvation treatment, the bartholin was left to stand without any food for 12 hours. Insects from each treatment group were placed in 100 mL beakers, sealed, and subjected to headspace adsorption using an activated SPME extraction head for 30 min. GC-MS analysis was performed using an Agilent 6890GC-5975MS instrument equipped with a DB-FastFAME capillary column (60 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm). The temperature program was as follows: 60 °C for 1 min, then increased to 180 °C at 10 °C / min, then increased to 210 °C at 3 °C / min, and finally increased to 250 °C at 10 °C / min and held for 10 min. The ion source temperature was 230 °C, the ionization energy was 70 eV, and the carrier gas was helium.

[0022] The pheromone of *Betula tianshanensis* was extracted using solvent extraction. A single female insect was placed in a culture dish of purified water. Under a stereomicroscope, a suitable incision was made on the dorsal side of the abdomen. Surrounding muscle tissue and fat bodies were then carefully separated with forceps to fully expose the digestive system. The hindgut tissue was separated and placed in a chromatographic flask, and 50 μL of redistilled n-hexane was added for extraction for 30 min. Subsequently, 1 μL of Z11-14:OH internal standard solution (10 ng / μL) was added, and the mixture was concentrated to approximately 3 μL after purging with a micro-nitrogen stream before injection for analysis.

[0023] Pheromones extracted from *Betula tianshanensis* The odor components extracted from starving male insects are (-)-cis-verbenol and (-)-verbenone, with (-)-cis-verbenol present in higher amounts and (-)-verbenone in trace amounts. Figure 1 The odor components extracted from starving female insects are also (-)-cis-verbenol and (-)-verbenone, with (-)-verbenone having a slightly higher content. Figure 2 In addition to (-)-cis-verbenol and (-)-verbenone, the odor components extracted from the male insects that had consumed the food also included a high level of (-)-peperenol. Figure 3 In addition to (-)-verbenone, the odor components extracted from feeding female insects also include high levels of (-)-berberine and (-)-berberidone. Figure 4 ).

[0024] Feeding induces the release of bark beetle pheromones. Among male individuals at a density of 20 heads ( Figure 5 The titer of (-)-pestilbenol in the feeding group was 3.18±0.82 ng / head, significantly higher than that in the starvation group (0.00±0.00 ng / head). t =-3.869, df =10, P =0.012); the titer of (-)-cis-verbenol in the feeding group (4.50±0.49 ng / head) was significantly higher than that in the starvation group (2.57±0.50 ng / head) (t=-2.759, df=10, P=0.020); there was no significant difference in the titer of (-)-verbenol between the two groups ( t =-1.679, df =10, P =0.124); barberry dienol was not detected in either group.

[0025] Among female individuals at a density of 20 heads ( Figure 6 The titer of (-)-verbenone in the starvation group was 0.04±0.01 ng / head, which was significantly higher than that in the feeding group (0.00±0.00 ng / head). t =4.020, df =10, P =0.009); neither (-)-berberine, (-)-berberinedienol, nor (-)-cis-verbenol were detected in the other two groups.

[0026] Density induces female adults to release bark beetle dienoyl Among the male individuals in the starved group ( Figure 7 (-)-Betrenol and (-)-Betrendiol: the mean titer was 0 ng / head at different densities; (-)-cis-verbenol: the titer showed significant differences at different densities.F =8.971, df =2,15 P =0.002), the titer in the 20-head density group (2.57±0.50 ng / head) was significantly higher than that in the 100-head (1.23±0.09 ng / head) and 200-head (1.02±0.07 ng / head) density groups; (-)-Verbenone: the titer showed significant differences at different densities ( F =16.305, df =2,15 P <0.001), the 200-head density group (0.25±0.03ng / head) was significantly higher than the 100-head (0.15±0.03ng / head) and 20-head (0.06±0.01ng / head) density groups.

[0027] Among male individuals in the feeding group ( Figure 8 The mean titer of (-)-berberine at different densities was 0 ng / head; there was no significant difference in the titer of (-)-berberine at different densities. F =0.115, df =2,15 P =0.893) The mean titer for the 20-head density group was 3.18±0.82 ng / head, for the 100-head group it was 3.37±0.46 ng / head, and for the 200-head group it was 2.96±0.43 ng / head; (-)-Verbenone: There was no significant difference in titer among different densities. F =1.944, df =2,15 P =0.178) The mean titer for the 20-head density group was 0.09±0.01 ng / head, for the 100-head group it was 0.05±0.01 ng / head, and for the 200-head group it was 0.09±0.03 ng / head. (-)-cis-verbenol: The titer showed extremely significant differences at different densities. F =37.528, df =2,15 P <0.001), the 20-head density group (4.50±0.49 ng / head) was significantly higher than the 100-head (1.29±0.18 ng / head) and 200-head (0.90±0.19 ng / head) density groups.

[0028] Among hungry females ( Figure 9 (-)-Betrenol and (-)-Betrendiol: the mean titer was 0 ng / head at different densities; (-)-cis-verbenol: the titer showed extremely significant differences at different densities. F =14.273, df =2,15P <0.001), among which the 200-head density group had the highest titer of 0.07±0.02 ng / head, which was significantly higher than that of the 100-head (0.01±0.00 ng / head) and 20-head (0.00±0.00 ng / head) density groups; (-)-Verbenone: there was no significant difference in titer among different densities ( F =4.513, df =2,15 P =0.055), with the highest value of 0.05±0.01 ng / head in the 200 head density group, which was significantly higher than that in the 100 head (0.02±0.00 ng / head) and 20 head (0.04±0.01 ng / head) density groups.

[0029] Feeding on female individuals ( Figure 10 (-)-Peteleneol: The titer showed extremely significant differences at different densities. F =21.527, df =2,15 P <0.001), the titer in the 200-head density group (0.17±0.04 ng / head) was significantly higher than that in the 100-head (0.01±0.00 ng / head) and 20-head (0.00±0.00 ng / head) density groups; (-)-Betradine dienol: there were extremely significant differences in titer at different densities ( F =23.638, df =2,15 P <0.001), the titer in the 200-head density group (0.29±0.05 ng / head) was significantly higher than that in the 100-head (0.09±0.03 ng / head) and 20-head (0.00±0.00 ng / head) density groups; (-)-cis-verbenol: the mean titer was 0 ng / head at all densities; (-)-verbenone: there were significant differences in titer at different densities. F =8.837, df =2,15 P =0.002), the 100-head density group (0.01±0.00ng / head) was significantly higher than the 20-head (0.00±0.00ng / head) and 200-head (0.01±0.00ng / head) density groups.

[0030] Example 2: Field Trial of Attractant Optimization Woodland trapping experiment Trapping Experiment Protocol: The traps used in the experiment were cross-shaped bark beetle traps. The main structure consisted of two plates forming a cross shape, with the top cover fixed by screws. A funnel was connected to the bottom via a hook, and a collection bottle was directly connected to the funnel's lower flared end as the insect collection device. The lure was suspended 10cm from the top of the trap. When using the trap, two 2m long, approximately 5cm diameter iron rods were used as supports, inserted about 20cm into the soil, with a 30cm gap between the two rods. The trap was then fixed between them, ensuring the collection bottle was approximately 150cm above the ground. The traps were preferably placed in open, sunny areas at the edge of spruce forests, and the distance between different traps should be maintained at 15m to avoid interference. Data Collection: The number of bark beetles in the collection bottle was observed daily. After each survey, the collection bottle was emptied to ensure accurate subsequent data. Each experimental treatment required 5 traps. After repeated trials, the final trapping data can be compared and analyzed using percentage averages. Specifically, the number of traps caught by each trap is first converted into its percentage of the total number of traps in the corresponding group (e.g., the number of traps caught by a trap in a single group ÷ the total number of traps caught by all traps in that group × 100%), and then the percentage average of the traps in the 5 replicates for each experimental treatment is calculated.

[0031] Trapping data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 using one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple comparison method was used to analyze differences between groups.

[0032] Attraction activity of various compounds and their combinations in forests The content of (-)-barberenol in the lure core had a highly significant effect on the trapping effect of *Bartholinae tianshanensis*. F =8.100, df =5,24, P <0.001)( Figure 11 The trapping effect was not a simple linear relationship with the (-)-berberine content, but rather exhibited a pattern of initial enhancement followed by weakening. When the (-)-berberine content was 20 mg, the trapping percentage was 10.6% ± 1.5%; as the content increased to 40 mg, the percentage rose to 14.8% ± 0.9%; at 60 mg, it reached 18.1% ± 1.0%; and the trapping effect was strongest at 80 mg, at 23.9% ± 2.6%. However, when the content continued to increase to 100 mg, the percentage decreased to 18.0% ± 1.6%; and at 120 mg, it further declined to 14.5% ± 1.1%.

[0033] The effects of different doses of (-)-cis-verbenol and (-)-berberine on the trapping effect were significantly different. F =1.258, df =5,36, P =0.043)( Figure 12 Without the addition of (-)-cis-verbenol (Ie:cV 80:0 mg), the trapping percentage was 13.7% ± 3.4%. With the addition of (-)-cis-verbenol, the trapping percentages for each dosage group were: 20 mg group 21.9% ± 3.2%, 40 mg group 18.0% ± 3.7%, 60 mg group 13.7% ± 1.5%, 80 mg group 17.4% ± 2.1%, and 100 mg group 15.2% ± 2.1%.

[0034] Example 3: Inhibitor Identification and Efficacy Verification Forest repellent test This experiment was conducted in a natural spruce forest. The Gangou experimental site ran from July 23 to September 13, while the Xibaiyanggou and Xiaoquzi experimental sites ran from August 4 to September 13. Three treatments were set up: two densities of repellent C (375 and 750 insects / hectare) and a control (CK). Each treatment had three replicates, with each replicate covering 10 mu (approximately 6.7 hectares). Each treatment area had a buffer zone of at least 300 meters to isolate interference. All repellents were uniformly nailed to the spruce trunks at a height of 1.5 meters within the treatment area, according to the set density. Five traps were also distributed in each replicate for monitoring, ensuring a distance of more than 30 meters between each trap and any repellent. The actual field repellency effect of different repellents on the *Bark Beetle* was evaluated by periodically surveying and counting the number of insects attracted by each trap.

[0035] Approach-Avoidance Rate (%) Formula:

[0036] Trapping data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 using one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple comparison method was used to analyze differences between groups.

[0037] Different combinations of (-)-berberine alcohol, dienol, and plant odor E2-6:OH, α-Pinene showed highly significant differences in their trapping effects on *Berberis tianshanensis*. F = 18.17, df =3,16, P <0.001)( Figure 13From the average values ​​of each group, the combination of (-)-betelene alcohol and phytoscent E2-6:OH, α-Pinene had the highest trapping capacity at 51.1% ± 6.3%, followed by (-)-betelene alcohol alone at 41.4% ± 6.6%, but there was no significant difference. Only the combination of phytoscent E2-6:OH and α-Pinene had a trapping capacity of 5.4% ± 0.6%, while the combination of (-)-betelene alcohol and (-)-beteldienol had the lowest trapping capacity at 2.1% ± 0.6%. Figure 13 ).

[0038] The inhibitory effects of different doses of (-)-barberadienol are shown in the figure. Figure 14 There were highly significant differences between the different treatment groups. F =6.084, df =4,25, P =0.001), and the data trend shows that (-)-berberine exhibits a significant inhibitory effect. Specifically, when (-)-berberine is not added (Ie:Id 80:0), the highest trapping percentage is 36.6%±4.7%. Even with the addition of the lowest dose of 0.24 mg, the trapping percentage drops significantly to 22.6%±4.9%. As the dose increases to 0.8 mg, the inhibitory effect reaches its strongest point, and the trapping percentage drops to its lowest value of 12.7%±3.9%. Notably, when the dose is further increased to 2.4 mg and 7.2 mg, the trapping percentages are 15.5%±3.7% and 12.7±3.1%, respectively.

[0039] Statistical analysis shows that ( Figure 15 Different doses of (-)-verbenone significantly inhibited the induction effect of (-)-barberenol. F =7.944, df =4,15, P =0.001). With increasing dose of (-)-verbenone, its inhibitory effect gradually increased, and the trapping percentage continuously decreased. When (-)-verbenone was not added (Ie:Vn = 80:0), the highest average trapping percentage was 36.9% ± 5.0%. As the dose of (-)-verbenone increased from 0.8 mg to 21.6 mg, the average trapping percentage decreased sequentially, from 21.2% ± 3.3%, 16.1% ± 3.2%, and 13.9% ± 3.6%, to a minimum of 11.9% ± 2.1%.

[0040] Different doses of (-)-cis-verbenol had a significant effect on the trapping of the bark beetle. F = 4.145, df =24, P = 0.013)( Figure 16Only the (-)-cis-verbenol (80:0) group showed the lowest trapping effect at 13.1% ± 1.8%. As the (-)-cis-verbenol ratio increased from 0 to 50, the trapping percentage generally showed an upward trend, with the 80:50 ratio reaching the highest value of 24.7% ± 2.0%. When the ratio continued to increase to 60, the trapping percentage decreased slightly to 24.3% ± 2.4%, but remained at a relatively high level, indicating that the addition of (-)-cis-verbenol significantly improved the trapping effect.

[0041] Different doses of (-)-cis-verbenol had a significant effect on the trapping of the bark beetle. F = 81.314, df =24, P <0.001)( Figure 17 When the pheromone weight ratio in the lure was bark beetle alcohol:(-)-bark beetle diene alcohol:(-)-verbenone (10:0:0), the trapping effect was the highest at 60.3% ± 4.4%. As the bark beetle diene alcohol content increased, the trapping percentage gradually decreased. When the weight ratio of bark beetle alcohol:(-)-bark beetle diene alcohol:(-)-verbenone was 100:7:20, the trapping percentage was the lowest at only 5.8% ± 0.8%. The combination of (-)-bark beetle diene alcohol and (-)-verbenone also showed a high inhibition rate against *Bark beetle tianshanensis*.

[0042] The average daily trapping count in the Baiyanggou control group was 0.7 individuals. After applying repellent at concentrations of 375 individuals / ha and 750 individuals / ha, the trapping count decreased to 0.2 individuals / ha and 0.2 individuals / ha, respectively, with repellency rates of 71.4% and 72.8%, respectively. The differences between the groups were statistically significant. F =4.071, df =14, P =0.045)( Figure 18 The average daily number of animals trapped in the Xiaoquzi control group was 1.6. After applying repellents of 375 and 750 animals per hectare, the number of animals trapped decreased to 0.4 and 0.4 respectively, with repellency rates of 76.5% and 74.0%, respectively. Significant differences were also observed between the groups. F =5.405, df =14, P =0.021)( Figure 19 The daily trapping count in the Gangou control group was 8.4 individuals. After using repellents at 375 individuals / ha and 750 individuals / ha, the trapping count decreased to 0.4 and 0.3 individuals, respectively, with repellency rates of 95.6% and 96.8%. The differences between the groups were highly significant. F =375.671, df =14, P <0.001)( Figure 20The results showed that the repellent significantly reduced the number of *Betula tianshanensis* trapped in all three test areas, with the Gangou test area showing the most significant effect.

[0043] Example 4: Application of combined prevention and control methods In actual prevention and control, the following steps can be taken: Monitoring and trapping: Hang optimized attractant traps (containing 80mg (-)-peterene alcohol) at intervals of 15-30 meters along the forest edge to monitor insect population density and kill pioneer individuals.

[0044] Behavioral interference: Within the forest stand, inhibitor decoys loaded with a mixture of (-)-bark beetle dienol and (-)-verbenone (0.8 mg of (-)-bark beetle dienol and 21.6 mg of (-)-verbenone) were nailed to the tree trunks at a density of approximately 500 decoys per hectare. These decoys continuously released inhibitory signals, interfering with the location and aggregation of bark beetles and protecting healthy trees.

[0045] Dynamic adjustment: Based on the number of monitoring traps, assess the control effect and population dynamics, and replenish or replace the lures as needed.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An inhibitor of sex pheromones for the control of Tomicus minor, characterized in that, The pheromone inhibitor is any one of the following components: (-)-ipsenol; (-)-verbenone; (-)-ipsenol and (-)-verbenone in combination.

2. The pheromone suppressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of (-)-ipsenol to (-)-verbenone in the composition is = 7:

20.

3. The pheromone suppressor of claim 1, wherein, The pheromone inhibitor is formulated into any one of a slow-release lure, a microcapsule, a spray or a smear, plus a forestry-acceptable carrier and adjuvant.

4. An insect pheromone composition for controlling Dendroctonus valens, characterized by, The pheromone composition comprises the pheromone inhibitor of any one of claims 1-3 and the attractant (-)-ipsenol.

5. The pheromone composition according to claim 4, wherein The weight ratio of the pheromone inhibitor to the attractant (-)-ipsenol is 27:

100.

6. The pheromone composition of claim 4, wherein The pheromone composition further comprises (-)-cis-verbenol.

7. The pheromone composition according to claim 6, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the attractant (-)-ipsenol to (-)-cis-verbenol is 80:20-60.

8. Use of the pheromone inhibitor of any one of claims 1-3 in the preparation of a behavioral disruptor or aggregation inhibitor for the control of Dendroctonus validus.

9. A method of controlling Tomicus minor, characterized by, comprising the steps of: Trapping with the attractant (-)-ipsenol at the forest edge, and simultaneously or alternately, behavioral disruption with the pheromone inhibitor of any one of claims 1-3; The dosage of the attractant (-)-ipsenol is 40-100 mg / lure; The pheromone inhibitor is hung on the tree trunks in the forest at a density of 375-750 per hectare.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The dosage of the attractant (-)-ipsenol is preferably 80 mg / lure.

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