Vertical lathe protection mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical lathe protection mechanism, and relates to the technical field of lathe auxiliary equipment. The protection assembly is arranged at the moving end of the lifting assembly and comprises a first arc-shaped protection plate fixed to the moving end of the lifting assembly, the first arc-shaped protection plate is transversely and slidably provided with a second arc-shaped protection plate, and the second arc-shaped protection plate is provided with a first protection window; the cleaning assembly is installed on the protection assembly through a fixing assembly and used for cleaning the inner wall of the first protection window, and the cleaning assembly is connected with an external air pump through an air pipe; and the liquid supply assembly is mounted at the air inlet end of the cleaning assembly. By arranging the lifting assembly and the transverse telescopic protection assembly, a machining area is effectively isolated, cuttings and cooling liquid are prevented from splashing, workpieces or cutters are prevented from flying out, and the problems that an old-fashioned vertical lathe protection mechanism is simple and crude, and potential safety hazards exist are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lathe auxiliary equipment technology, specifically to a vertical lathe protective mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical lathes are widely used in the machining field, primarily for processing large and heavy workpieces such as wheel hubs, valve bodies, and molds. Their key feature is that the spindle is perpendicular to the worktable, enabling it to withstand significant cutting forces and workpiece weight. During the machining process on a vertical lathe, protective mechanisms play a crucial role, isolating the machining area to prevent chips and coolant from splashing, protecting operator safety, and preventing foreign objects from entering the machining area and affecting equipment operation.

[0003] However, the protective mechanisms of old-fashioned vertical lathes are rather rudimentary, usually consisting of only a transparent baffle. This not only fails to effectively block the chips and coolant splashing during machining, but also causes the chips and coolant to adhere to the transparent baffle, making it difficult for operators to observe the tool's condition. Furthermore, it cannot provide sufficient protection when the workpiece or tool flies out, leading to significant safety hazards, such as the possibility of chips and coolant splashing and injuring the operator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical lathe safety mechanism, which solves the problem that the safety mechanisms of old-fashioned vertical lathes are relatively simple, resulting in significant safety hazards during processing.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions, specifically including: Lifting assembly; A protective component is provided at the moving end of the lifting assembly. The protective component includes a first arc-shaped protective plate fixed to the moving end of the lifting assembly. A second arc-shaped protective plate is slidably provided on the first arc-shaped protective plate. The second arc-shaped protective plate has a first protective window. A cleaning component is installed on the protective component via a fixing component. It is used to clean the inner wall of the first protective window, and the cleaning component is connected to an external air pump via an air pipe. A liquid supply component is installed at the air inlet of the cleaning component and is used to supply cleaning fluid to the cleaning component.

[0006] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes an inner tube fixed to the fixing assembly, the inner tube being in communication with the liquid supply assembly, an outer tube being rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube, and a cleaning component being provided on the outer side wall of the outer tube; The cleaning component includes an extension plate fixed to the outer wall of the outer tube, with a soft wiping block installed at the end of the extension plate. The outer walls of the inner tube and the outer tube are respectively provided with an inner vertical through hole and an outer vertical through hole. The extension plate is provided with a vertical slit communicating with the outer vertical through hole.

[0007] Preferably, the number of cleaning components is one, and the cleaning assembly is installed on the first arc-shaped protective plate by a fixing component; The upper and lower ends of the outer tube are each equipped with a first gear for damping rotation. The inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate are each fixed with a first arc-shaped rack. The first gear and the first arc-shaped rack are located on the same horizontal line, and the torque required for the torsional displacement between the outer tube and the first gear is greater than the torque required for the torsional displacement between the inner tube and the outer tube.

[0008] Preferably, the first arc-shaped protective plate has a second protective window, and there are two cleaning components. The two cleaning components are used to clean the first protective window and the second protective window respectively. The cleaning assembly is switched and installed on the first arc-shaped protective plate or the second arc-shaped protective plate through a fixing assembly. The upper and lower ends of the outer tube are rotatably mounted with a first gear, and the inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate are fixed with a first arc-shaped rack. The first gear and the first arc-shaped rack are located on the same horizontal line, and the torque required for the torsional displacement between the outer tube and the first gear is greater than the torque required for the torsional displacement between the inner tube and the outer tube. Both outer tubes have a second gear mounted on their outer ends for damping rotation. The inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the first arc-shaped protective plate are fixed with a second arc-shaped rack. The second gear and the second arc-shaped rack are located on the same horizontal line. The torque required for the torsional displacement between the outer tube and the second gear is greater than the torque required for the torsional displacement between the inner tube and the outer tube.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing component includes a first connecting block on the inner side of the upper and lower ends of the first arc-shaped protective plate, a second connecting block fixed on the inner side of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate, and a mounting bracket. A positioning block is fixed on each side of the first connecting block and the second connecting block that are close to each other. A clamping block is provided between the first connecting block and the second connecting block. The clamping block has a positioning through hole that corresponds to the positioning block and is clearance-fitted. The positioning through hole only mates with one positioning block at a time. The mounting bracket is equipped with a driving component, which is used to drive the clamping block to move, so that the positioning through hole cooperates with the corresponding positioning block, so as to fix the fixing component to the first arc-shaped protective plate or the second arc-shaped protective plate.

[0010] Preferably, the driving component includes a C-shaped tube fixed to the mounting bracket and a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket, wherein the rotating shaft is located in the inner cavity of the C-shaped tube, the two ends of the rotating shaft are machined with threads in opposite directions, and the two clamping blocks are respectively engaged with the two threads, and a motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is mounted on the mounting bracket.

[0011] Preferably, the upper and lower sides of one end of the first arc-shaped protective plate have laterally extending extensions for the second arc-shaped protective plate to slide, and a position sensor is installed at the end of the second arc-shaped protective plate.

[0012] The liquid supply assembly includes a water tank installed at the bottom of the inner tube. A telescopic pole is fixed to the bottom of the water tank via a mounting bracket. A water pipe is fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic pole. The air inlet end of the water pipe is connected to an air pump, and the water pipe slides through the bottom of the water tank with a water seal to control whether the air outlet end of the water tank is immersed in the cleaning liquid.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention effectively isolates the processing area by setting up a lifting component and a horizontally telescopic protective component, preventing chips, coolant splashes, and workpieces or tools from flying out. It solves the problem of the old-fashioned vertical lathe's protective mechanism being simple and having safety hazards. The protective component in this invention can withstand the impact during the processing, further ensuring the safety of the operator.

[0014] The cleaning component equipped with this invention can automatically clean the inner walls of the protective windows (first protective window and second protective window). It uses a dual cleaning method of soft wiping driven by the sliding motion of the second arc-shaped protective plate and compressed air cleaning to remove chips, coolant and oil stains, ensuring that the protective windows remain transparent. At the same time, it improves the operator's ability to visually observe the processing process, thereby improving processing accuracy and safety.

[0015] The cleaning component of this invention does not require an additional motor drive. Instead, it utilizes the sliding motion of the protective plate to achieve the cleaning action through a gear and rack mechanism, reducing energy consumption and meeting the industrial requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection. At the same time, the liquid supply component controls the on-demand supply of cleaning liquid through a telescopic pole, avoiding waste and improving resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective component and the fixing component in this invention; Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing component and the cleaning component; Figure 4A 3D structural diagram of the cleaning components; Figure 5 A top-view sectional view of the cleaning component; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the vertical planar structure of the fixed component; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the components that provide the liquid.

[0017] The numbers in the diagram represent: 1-Lifting assembly; 21-First arc-shaped protective plate; 22-Extension; 23-Second arc-shaped protective plate; 24-First protective window; 25-Second protective window; 26-Handle; 27-Pulley; 28-Position sensor; 3-Fixing assembly; 31-Motor; 32-C-shaped tube; 33-Rotating shaft; 34-Clamping block; 341-Positioning through hole; 35-First connecting block; 36-Second connecting block; 37-Positioning block; 4-Cleaning assembly; 41-Inner tube; 42-Outer tube; 43-Extension plate; 44-Soft wiping block; 45-Inner vertical through hole; 46-Outer vertical through hole; 47-Vertical slot; 48-First gear; 49-Second gear; 410-First arc-shaped rack; 411-Second arc-shaped rack; 5-Liquid supply assembly; 51-Water tank; 52-Telescopic pole; 53-Water pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The above-mentioned and other technical features and advantages of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1 This embodiment provides a technical solution: a vertical lathe protective mechanism, such as... Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a lifting assembly 1, a protective assembly disposed at the moving end of the lifting assembly 1, a cleaning assembly 4, and a liquid supply assembly 5. All components are controlled by an external control panel.

[0020] The number of lifting components 1 can be set to 1-3, depending on the size of the vertical lathe. The lifting components 1 can be the existing motor and screw transmission structure, or a hydraulic telescopic device can be used to meet the needs of protection at different positions.

[0021] The vertical lathe has a circular worktable with a protective assembly on its outer side. The protective assembly includes a first arc-shaped protective plate 21 fixed to the moving end of the lifting assembly 1. A second arc-shaped protective plate 23 is laterally slidably mounted on the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 to form a laterally telescopic protective structure. The upper and lower edges of both the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 and the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 are bent into L-shaped bends. The L-shaped bend of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 is slidably inserted into the L-shaped bend of the first arc-shaped protective plate 21. The L-shaped bends on the upper and lower sides of one end of the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 extend laterally to form extensions 22 for the second arc-shaped protective plate 23. The arc-shaped protective plate 23 slides; the L-shaped bending structure of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 is rotatably equipped with a pulley 27 to reduce the friction between the two, ensuring that the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 is always stably supported and guided during the sliding process, avoiding sliding deviation or jamming; the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 has a first protective window 24, the curvature of the first protective window 24 is adapted to the curvature of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23, the first protective window 24 allows the operator to directly observe the machining of the lathe and increases safety performance; the first protective window 24 is made of transparent PC board or tempered glass, which can withstand the impact of splashed chips or coolant during the machining process.

[0022] The cleaning component 4 is an important functional part of the vertical lathe protective mechanism. It is specifically used to clean the inner wall of the first protective window 24 to prevent chips, coolant, or oil stains from adhering and affecting the observation effect. The cleaning component 4 is installed on the protective component through the fixing component 3. It is used to clean the inner wall of the first protective window 24. The cleaning component 4 is connected to the external air pump through an air pipe. The cleaning component 4 includes an inner tube 41 fixed to the fixing component 3. The inner tube 41 is connected to the liquid supply component 5. An outer tube 42 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube 41. The outer wall of the outer tube 42 is provided with cleaning parts. The cleaning component includes an extension plate 43 fixed to the outer wall of the outer tube 42. A soft wiping block 44 is installed at the end of the extension plate 43. The soft wiping block 44 is made of materials such as sponge or rubber. The outer walls of the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42 are respectively provided with an inner vertical through hole 45 and an outer vertical through hole 46. The extension plate 43 is provided with a vertical slit 47 that communicates with the outer vertical through hole 46. When the outer tube 42 rotates and the cleaning component contacts the inner wall of the first protective window 24, the inner vertical through hole 45 and the outer vertical through hole 46 are connected. When the angle of the outer tube 42 is in other positions, the inner vertical through hole 45 and the outer vertical through hole 46 are misaligned. A sealing strip is provided between the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42. When the inner vertical through hole 45 and the outer vertical through hole 46 are misaligned, the inner tube 41 maintains good airtightness.

[0023] The number of cleaning components is one. The cleaning component 4 is installed on the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 through the fixing component 3. The upper and lower ends of the outer tube 42 are both damped to rotate (i.e., a certain force is required to rotate) and are equipped with the first gear 48. The inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 are both fixed with the first arc-shaped rack 410. The first gear 48 and the first arc-shaped rack 410 are located on the same horizontal line, and the torque required for the torsional displacement between the outer tube 42 and the first gear 48 is greater than the torque required for the torsional displacement between the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42.

[0024] As the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 moves along the first arc-shaped protective plate 21, the first gear 48 meshes with the first arc-shaped rack 410, causing the outer tube 42 to rotate until the soft wiping block 44 of the cleaning component is pressed tightly against the inner wall of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23, preventing the outer tube 42 from rotating. At this time, as the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 continues to move, although the first gear 48 will also rotate, the reaction force generated will act on the inner walls of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 and the first protective window 24 to clean the inner walls of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 and the first protective window 24. At the same time, compressed air can be injected into the inner tube 41 through an external air pump. The compressed air will be sprayed out through the slit 47 to rinse the inner walls of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 and the first protective window 24. That is, firstly, the surface chips and coolant are removed by rinsing with compressed air, and then the residual stains are wiped off with the soft wiping block 44. This dual cleaning method works together to ensure a better cleaning effect for the protective window.

[0025] The cleaning component uses the sliding motion of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 to drive the cleaning action, eliminating the need for an additional motor or power supply, thus reducing energy consumption and meeting the industrial requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0026] The cleaning component enables automatic cleaning of the inner wall of the first protective window, maintaining the transparency of the window and ensuring that operators can clearly observe the machining process of the vertical lathe (such as the workpiece cutting status and tool position), thus improving the visualization and safety of the machining process. Through the through-hole design of the inner and outer tubes and the vertical slit of the extension plate, the cleaning component achieves precise spraying of the cleaning fluid. The spraying direction is consistent with the wiping direction, enhancing the cleaning effect while avoiding waste of cleaning fluid and improving resource utilization.

[0027] The liquid supply component 5 is installed at the air inlet of the cleaning component 4 to supply cleaning fluid to the cleaning component 4. The liquid supply component 5 includes a water tank 51 installed at the bottom of the inner tube 41, which is fixed by threaded connection or snap fastener to ensure stable installation and easy disassembly. A telescopic pole 52 is fixed to the bottom of the water tank 51 by a mounting bracket. A water pipe 53 is fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic pole 52. The air inlet end of the water pipe 53 is connected to the air pump, and the water pipe 53 slides through the bottom of the water tank 51 with a water seal. A rubber sealing ring is installed around the sliding hole to ensure water seal performance and prevent cleaning fluid leakage.

[0028] In use, the telescopic pole 52 drives the water pipe 53 to move up and down to control whether the air outlet of the water tank 51 is immersed in the cleaning liquid; it controls whether the air outlet (i.e., the upper end) of the water pipe 53 is immersed in the cleaning liquid in the water tank 51. When the air outlet of the water pipe 53 is immersed in the cleaning liquid, the airflow atomizes the cleaning liquid and carries it into the cleaning component 4, and finally sprays it onto the inner wall of the first protective window 24 to assist the soft wiping block 44 in cleaning chips, coolant and oil stains; when the air outlet of the water pipe 53 leaves the cleaning liquid, only airflow is provided. Whether the cleaning liquid needs to be provided can be selected based on whether there are stains that cannot be wiped off on the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 and the first protective window 24.

[0029] The liquid supply component 5 controls the position of the water pipe 53 via the telescopic pole 52, adjusting whether the air outlet of the water pipe 53 is immersed in the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank 51, thus achieving on-demand supply of cleaning liquid. When cleaning is required, the water pipe 53 descends to supply cleaning liquid, assisting the soft wiping block 44 in cleaning the first protective window 24; when cleaning liquid is not needed, the water pipe 53 rises to provide airflow only to dry the protective window, saving cleaning liquid consumption and reducing operating costs.

[0030] Example 2 This embodiment is a further optimization based on Embodiment 1. The parts that are the same as those described above will not be repeated here. Figures 1 to 8 As shown, to further better realize the present invention, the following configuration is specifically adopted: In this embodiment, the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 has a second protective window 25. There are two cleaning components, one for cleaning the first protective window 24 and the other for cleaning the second protective window 25. The cleaning component 4 is switched between the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 and the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 via the fixing component 3. When cleaning the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 is required, the cleaning component 4 is switched between the first and second arc-shaped protective plates 23 via the fixing component 3, and the cleaning component 4 moves synchronously with the second arc-shaped protective plate 23. When cleaning the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 is required, the cleaning component 4 is switched between the first and second arc-shaped protective plates 21 via the fixing component 3, and the cleaning component 4 moves relative to the second arc-shaped protective plate 23.

[0031] The upper and lower ends of the outer tube 42 are rotatably mounted with a first gear 48, and the inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 are fixed with a first arc-shaped rack 410. The first gear 48 and the first arc-shaped rack 410 are located on the same horizontal line, and the torque required for the torsional displacement between the outer tube 42 and the first gear 48 is greater than the torque required for the torsional displacement between the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42. The outer ends of the two outer tubes 42 are each equipped with a second gear 49 for damping rotation. The inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 are each fixed with a second arc-shaped rack 411. The second gear 49 and the second arc-shaped rack 411 are located on the same horizontal line. The torque required for the torsional displacement between the outer tube 42 and the second gear 49 is greater than the torque required for the torsional displacement between the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42.

[0032] The cleaning component 4 is fixed to the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 by the fixing component 3. When the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 moves along the first arc-shaped protective plate 21, the first gear 48 meshes with the first arc-shaped rack 410, which will first cause the outer tube 42 to rotate until the cleaning component is in close contact with the inner wall of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23, thus preventing the outer tube 42 from rotating. At this time, as the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 continues to move, although the first gear 48 will also rotate, the reaction force generated thereby will act on the inner wall of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 and the first protective window 24, so as to clean the inner wall of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 and the first protective window 24. The cleaning component 4 is fixed to the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 by the fixing component 3. When the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 moves along the first arc-shaped protective plate 21, the cleaning component 4 and the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 move synchronously. The second gear 49 meshes with the second arc-shaped rack 411, driving the cleaning component on the other side to stick tightly to the inner wall of the first arc-shaped protective plate 21, so as to clean the inner wall of the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 and the second protective window 25.

[0033] The fixing component 3 in this embodiment includes a first connecting block 35 on the inner side of the upper and lower ends of the first arc-shaped protective plate 21, a second connecting block 36 fixed on the inner side of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23, and a mounting bracket. A positioning block 37 is fixed on each side of the first connecting block 35 and the second connecting block 36 that are close to each other. A clamping block 34 is provided between the first connecting block 35 and the second connecting block 36. A positioning through hole 341 corresponding to the positioning block 37 and with clearance fit is provided on the clamping block 34. The positioning through hole 341 fits with only one positioning block 37 at a time.

[0034] It should be noted that, to ensure the stability of the fixing component 3 when switching fixing objects, the horizontal cross-section of the positioning block 37 and the positioning through hole 341 is a polygonal structure. The distance between the first connecting block 35 and the second connecting block 36 is slightly greater than the sum of the vertical dimensions of one positioning block 37 and the clamping block 34. This ensures that the clamping block 34 will not be simultaneously engaged with two positioning blocks 37, and also reduces the distance between the positioning block 37 and the positioning through hole 341. At the same time, the number of fixing components 3 can be set to two. In actual production, the vertical positions of the first arc-shaped rack 410, the second arc-shaped rack 411, the first connecting block 35, and the second connecting block 36 need to be staggered to avoid interference between the components during use.

[0035] The mounting bracket is equipped with a driving component, which drives the clamping blocks 34 to move, so that the positioning through hole 341 engages with the corresponding positioning block 37, thereby fixing the fixing component 3 to the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 or the second arc-shaped protective plate 23. The driving component includes a C-shaped tube 32 fixed to the mounting bracket and a rotating shaft 33 rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket. The rotating shaft 33 is located in the inner cavity of the C-shaped tube 32. The two ends of the rotating shaft 33 are machined with threads in opposite directions, and the two clamping blocks 34 are respectively engaged with the two threads. A motor 31 for driving the rotating shaft 33 to rotate is mounted on the mounting bracket.

[0036] When the drive unit is running, it can drive the two clamping blocks 34 to move away from or closer to each other, so as to clamp and fix the two first connecting blocks 35 or the two second connecting blocks 36 using the two clamping blocks 34, and then switch to fix them to the first arc-shaped protective plate 21 or the second arc-shaped protective plate 23. During this process, the fixing component 3 has a certain vertical displacement, but it will eventually return to its original position due to the clamping block 34 and the first connecting block 35 or the second connecting block 36 being pressed and fixed. This error does not affect normal use and is a normal phenomenon.

[0037] The first arc-shaped protective plate 21 has a laterally extending extension 22 on the upper and lower sides of one end for the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 to slide. A position sensor 28 is installed at the end of the second arc-shaped protective plate 23. The drive unit can only operate when the position sensor 28 detects that the second arc-shaped protective plate 23 has slid into place, so as to ensure that the positioning block 37 and the positioning through hole 341 can be smoothly inserted.

[0038] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are illustrative in nature, not restrictive. Those skilled in the art will understand that many changes, modifications, and even equivalents can be made within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present invention, all of which will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical lathe guard mechanism, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of protective assembly and cleaning assembly of lifting assembly, including: Lifting assembly (1); Protective assembly is arranged in the mobile end of lifting assembly (1), the protective assembly includes the first arc-shaped protective plate (21) fixed to the mobile end of lifting assembly (1), the second arc-shaped protective plate (23) is transversely slidably provided with the first arc-shaped protective plate (21), the first protective window (24) is formed on the second arc-shaped protective plate (23); Cleaning assembly (4), the cleaning assembly (4) is installed in protective assembly by fixed assembly (3), it is used to clean the inner wall of first protective window (24), and the cleaning assembly (4) is connected with external air pump by air pipe; Liquid providing assembly (5), the liquid providing assembly (5) is installed in the air inlet end of cleaning assembly (4), for providing cleaning fluid to cleaning assembly (4).

2. The vertical lathe guard mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The cleaning assembly (4) includes inner tube (41) fixed to fixed assembly (3), the inner tube (41) is communicated with liquid providing assembly (5), the outer side of the inner tube (41) is rotatably provided with outer tube (42), and the outer side wall of the outer tube (42) is provided with cleaning piece; The cleaning piece includes extension plate (43) fixed to the outer wall of outer tube (42), soft rubbing block (44) is installed at the end of extension plate (43), and inner vertical through hole (45) and outer vertical through hole (46) are respectively formed in the outer side wall of the inner tube (41) and the outer tube (42), and vertical slit (47) is formed in the extension plate (43) and communicated with the outer vertical through hole (46).

3. The vertical lathe guard mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The number of the cleaning piece is one, and the cleaning assembly (4) is installed on the first arc-shaped protective plate (21) by the fixed assembly (3); The upper and lower ends of the outer tube (42) are rotatably installed with first gear (48), and the inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate (23) are fixed with first arc-shaped rack (410), the first gear (48) and the first arc-shaped rack (410) are located on the same horizontal line, and the torque required for the rotation and torsion displacement between the outer tube (42) and the first gear (48) is greater than the torque required for the rotation and torsion displacement between the inner tube (41) and the outer tube (42).

4. The vertical lathe guard mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The first arc-shaped protective plate (21) has second protective window (25), the number of the cleaning piece is two, and the two cleaning pieces are used for cleaning the first protective window (24) and the second protective window (25) respectively, and the cleaning assembly (4) is installed on the first arc-shaped protective plate (21) or the second arc-shaped protective plate (23) by the fixed assembly (3) switching; The upper and lower ends of the outer tube (42) are rotatably installed with first gear (48), and the inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the second arc-shaped protective plate (23) are fixed with first arc-shaped rack (410), the first gear (48) and the first arc-shaped rack (410) are located on the same horizontal line, and the torque required for the rotation and torsion displacement between the outer tube (42) and the first gear (48) is greater than the torque required for the rotation and torsion displacement between the inner tube (41) and the outer tube (42). The outer end of each of the two outer pipes (42) is rotatably mounted with a second gear (49), the inner side of the upper and lower end of the first arc-shaped protective plate (21) is fixed with a second arc-shaped gear rack (411), the second gear (49) and the second arc-shaped gear rack (411) are located on the same horizontal line, and the torque required for the rotational displacement between the outer pipe (42) and the second gear (49) is greater than the torque required for the rotational displacement between the inner pipe (41) and the outer pipe (42).

5. The vertical lathe guard mechanism of claim 4, wherein, The fixing assembly (3) comprises a first connecting block (35) on the inner side of the upper and lower end of the first arc-shaped protective plate (21), a second connecting block (36) fixed on the inner side of the upper and lower end of the second arc-shaped protective plate (23), and a mounting frame, and the side of the first connecting block (35) and the second connecting block (36) close to each other is fixed with a positioning block (37), a clamping block (34) is arranged between the first connecting block (35) and the second connecting block (36), and a positioning through hole (341) corresponding to the positioning block (37) and matched with a gap is formed in the clamping block (34), and the positioning through hole (341) is matched with only one positioning block (37) at the same time. The mounting frame is provided with a driving member, the driving member is used for driving the displacement of the clamping block (34), so that the positioning through hole (341) is matched with the corresponding positioning block (37), so as to realize the fixation of the fixing assembly (3) on the first arc-shaped protective plate (21) or the second arc-shaped protective plate (23).

6. The vertical lathe guard mechanism of claim 5, wherein, The driving member comprises a C-shaped pipe (32) fixed on the mounting frame and a rotating shaft (33) rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, the rotating shaft (33) is located in the inner cavity of the C-shaped pipe (32), the two ends of the rotating shaft (33) are processed with threads with opposite screw directions, the two clamping blocks (34) are respectively connected with the two threads, and the mounting frame is provided with a motor (31) for driving the rotation of the rotating shaft (33).

7. The vertical lathe guard mechanism of claim 5, wherein, The upper and lower sides of one end of the first arc-shaped protective plate (21) have a transversely extending extension (22) for sliding of the second arc-shaped protective plate (23), and the end of the second arc-shaped protective plate (23) is provided with a position sensor (28).

8. The vertical lathe guard mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The liquid providing assembly (5) comprises a water storage tank (51) mounted on the bottom of the inner pipe (41), the bottom of the water storage tank (51) is fixed with a telescopic electric pole (52) through a mounting support, the telescopic end of the telescopic electric pole (52) is fixed with a water pipe (53), the air inlet end of the water pipe (53) is connected with an air pump, and the water pipe (53) is water-tightly and slidably penetrated through the bottom of the water storage tank (51) to control whether the air outlet end of the water storage tank (51) is immersed in the cleaning liquid.

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