Soil environment damage real object quantification system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil environment damage material object quantification, in particular to a soil environment damage material object quantification system, which comprises a multi-source data acquisition module for acquiring multi-source environment information of an evaluation area and performing fusion processing on the multi-source environment information of the evaluation area to generate a pollution characteristic distribution diagram; the field sampling module is used for forming field sampling data; the processing module is used for establishing a pollutant concentration spatial distribution model and generating three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration, and the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration is used for determining pollution ranges and pollution volumes of different pollutants in a specific space; and the damage quantification module is used for calculating the amplitude that the pollutant concentration in each space grid unit exceeds a pollutant baseline value, and determining a comprehensive damage index to reflect a multi-dimensional quantification result of pollution damage. And the accuracy, scientificity and objectivity of environmental damage identification and evaluation can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of physical quantification of soil environmental damage, and specifically to a physical quantification system for soil environmental damage. Background Technology

[0002] Quantitative assessment of soil environmental damage is an important research direction in ecological environmental protection and natural resource management. Its damage assessment results are not only crucial for determining pollution liability, formulating ecological restoration plans, and determining environmental damage compensation, but also provide key technical support for ecological civilization construction and territorial spatial planning. With accelerated industrialization, increased agricultural chemical inputs, and urban expansion, soil pollution exhibits characteristics of diversified pollution sources, widespread distribution, and concealed pollution pathways. The accumulation, migration, and transformation processes of heavy metals, organic pollutants, and persistent organic pollutants in the soil system are complex and variable, influenced by a combination of environmental factors such as topography, soil structure, and hydrological conditions, making pollution identification and quantitative damage assessment extremely challenging technical problems. To scientifically assess the ecological and economic damage caused by pollution, environmental management departments and research institutions generally adopt a combination of on-site sampling and testing with laboratory analysis to obtain pollutant concentration data at typical locations, and then use statistical or empirical methods to infer the pollution distribution and damage extent.

[0003] Existing technologies first deploy a limited number of sampling points in the suspected contaminated area, and then analyze the pollutant content in soil samples through laboratory testing. Next, statistical interpolation algorithms such as Kriging interpolation and inverse distance weighting are used to estimate the concentration distribution of pollutants across the area. Finally, based on the comparison between pollutant concentrations and national or local standard limits, an overall (ungraded) assessment of the pollution level is conducted. However, the limited number of sampling points makes it difficult to comprehensively reflect the variation patterns of pollution in both the horizontal and depth directions, leading to significant uncertainty in the assessment results. This makes it impossible to determine the pollution damage level of each spatial unit, thus affecting the accuracy of the quantification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by proposing a physical quantification system for soil environmental damage.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A soil environmental damage quantification system, the system comprising:

[0007] The multi-source data acquisition module collects multi-source environmental information of the assessment area and integrates the multi-source environmental information of the assessment area to generate a pollution characteristic distribution map. The multi-source environmental information of the assessment area includes remote sensing data, geological and geochemical background data, and historical pollution discharge record data.

[0008] The on-site sampling module determines the sampling zones and sampling points based on the pollution characteristic distribution map. Soil samples are then acquired at different directions and depths based on the sampling zones and sampling points. The concentration and location of the collected soil samples are measured to form on-site sampling data, which is used to reflect the distribution characteristics of pollutants at different directions and depths.

[0009] The processing module establishes a spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration based on the pollution characteristic distribution map, on-site sampling data and environmental parameters. The spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration calculates the planar and vertical distribution of pollutants in the assessment area and generates three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration. The three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration is used to determine the pollution range and pollution volume of different pollutants in a specific space.

[0010] The damage quantification module calculates and classifies the degree of soil pollution damage based on the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration. By comparing the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell with the pollutant baseline value, it calculates the extent to which the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell exceeds the pollutant baseline value. Combined with land use type and ecological vulnerability parameters, it determines the comprehensive damage index to reflect the multidimensional quantitative results of pollution damage.

[0011] Optionally, the processing module includes:

[0012] The data fusion unit is used to receive pollution characteristic distribution maps, field sampling data and environmental parameters, and to perform spatial matching and attribute association between the sampling points and the measurement results in the field sampling data to form pollutant concentration input data.

[0013] The model building unit establishes a spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration based on pollutant concentration input data and combined with environmental parameters;

[0014] The three-dimensional calculation unit calculates the planar and vertical distribution of pollutants within the assessment area based on the established spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration, generating three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration.

[0015] The unit is determined by using three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentrations and pollutant baseline values ​​to determine the pollution range and volume of different pollutants in a specific space.

[0016] Optionally, the environmental parameters include soil type, soil structure, permeability, moisture content, topographic slope, and groundwater flow direction.

[0017] Optionally, the three-dimensional computing unit includes a partitioning subunit and a computing subunit;

[0018] The assessment area is divided into sub-units based on environmental parameters and the geographical boundaries of the assessment area. Each spatial grid unit corresponds to a different planar location and depth.

[0019] The computational sub-unit, based on the spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration, calculates the pollutant concentration within each spatial grid cell and generates three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration in the planar and vertical directions.

[0020] Optionally, the damage quantification module includes:

[0021] The concentration comparison unit, based on the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration, compares the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell with the pollutant baseline value, calculates the extent by which the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell exceeds the pollutant baseline value, and obtains the magnitude result.

[0022] The index calculation unit determines the comprehensive damage index based on the magnitude results and in combination with land use type and ecological vulnerability parameters;

[0023] The assessment unit, based on the comprehensive damage index, classifies and determines the degree of pollution damage within the assessment area, and obtains the grade result.

[0024] Optionally, the determination unit includes:

[0025] The setting sub-unit is used to set multiple pollution damage classification threshold intervals, each pollution damage classification threshold interval corresponding to a different level of pollution damage;

[0026] The grade output unit compares the comprehensive damage index and the pollution damage classification threshold to determine the pollution damage level of the assessment area.

[0027] Optionally, the system also includes a 3D display module to spatially visualize the 3D distribution data of pollutant concentrations and the level of pollution damage.

[0028] Optionally, the 3D display module includes:

[0029] The data aggregation unit summarizes the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentrations and the pollution damage level.

[0030] The report generation unit generates a soil environmental damage report based on the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentrations and the pollution damage level.

[0031] The output interface unit is used to output a soil environmental damage report.

[0032] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are:

[0033] 1. By comprehensively integrating multi-source environmental information, on-site sampling data and environmental parameters, a three-dimensional distribution model of pollutant concentration is established, thereby reflecting pollution characteristics in both planar and vertical directions. This enables the quantitative expression of pollution range, pollution volume and damage degree, significantly improving the accuracy, scientificity and objectivity of quantitative assessment of pollution damage.

[0034] 2. By introducing multi-dimensional environmental parameters such as soil type, soil structure, permeability, moisture content, topographic slope, and groundwater flow direction, the model can reflect the actual migration and diffusion patterns of pollution under natural geological and hydrological conditions. This design significantly improves the physical realism and prediction accuracy of the model calculations, ensuring the consistency between the spatial distribution results of pollutants and the actual site conditions.

[0035] 3. By setting up spatial division and concentration calculation mechanisms in the three-dimensional calculation unit, spatial discretization of the assessment area and precise calculation of pollution concentration are realized.

[0036] To further understand the features and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. However, the drawings provided are for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the effect of amplitude calculation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the effect of weight coefficient calculation in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the processing unit in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings of the present invention are for simple illustrative purposes only and are not depictions of actual dimensions; this is stated in advance. The following embodiments will further describe the relevant technical content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosed content is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1: This example provides a system for quantifying soil environmental damage, combined with... Figures 1 to 3 As shown.

[0043] A soil environmental damage quantification system, the system comprising:

[0044] The multi-source data acquisition module collects multi-source environmental information of the assessment area and integrates the multi-source environmental information of the assessment area to generate a pollution characteristic distribution map. The multi-source environmental information of the assessment area includes remote sensing data, geological and geochemical background data, and historical pollution discharge record data.

[0045] The on-site sampling module determines the sampling zones and sampling points based on the pollution characteristic distribution map. Soil samples are then acquired at different directions and depths based on the sampling zones and sampling points. The concentration and location of the collected soil samples are measured to form on-site sampling data, which is used to reflect the distribution characteristics of pollutants at different directions and depths.

[0046] The processing module establishes a spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration based on the pollution characteristic distribution map, on-site sampling data and environmental parameters. The spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration calculates the planar and vertical distribution of pollutants in the assessment area and generates three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration. The three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration is used to determine the pollution range and pollution volume of different pollutants in a specific space.

[0047] The damage quantification module calculates and classifies the degree of soil pollution damage based on the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration. By comparing the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell with the pollutant baseline value, it calculates the extent to which the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell exceeds the pollutant baseline value. Combined with land use type and ecological vulnerability parameters, it determines the comprehensive damage index to reflect the multidimensional quantitative results of pollution damage.

[0048] Specifically, remote sensing data is used to reflect the surface reflectance characteristics, vegetation cover, and surface temperature changes in the assessment area; geological and geochemical background data are used to characterize the stratigraphic structure, soil type, elemental background values, and mineral composition of the assessment area; and historical pollution discharge records are used to provide information on the distribution, emission time, and intensity of pollution sources within the area. Through spatial registration and fusion analysis of the above multi-source environmental information, the generated pollution characteristic distribution map can reflect the spatial differentiation patterns and possible pollution trends of pollution characteristics within the assessment area, providing a basis for subsequent sampling and modeling.

[0049] Sampling zoning refers to dividing the assessment area into several zones based on the spatial variation of pollution intensity in the pollution characteristic distribution map to ensure the representativeness of the sampling; sampling points refer to the specific sampling locations selected within the sampling zoning; on-site sampling data includes the geographical coordinates of the sampling points, sampling depth, and pollutant concentration values ​​obtained from laboratory testing. This module can obtain multi-level pollution data with spatial coordinate attributes in both planar and vertical directions.

[0050] Three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration refers to a dataset reflecting the concentration values ​​of pollutants at various coordinate positions in three-dimensional space, used to represent the diffusion characteristics of pollution at different depths and locations. This module allows for the determination of the pollution range and volume of different pollutants in a specific space, achieving spatial quantitative characterization of pollutants.

[0051] The Soil Environmental Damage Physical Quantification System enables intelligent analysis throughout the entire process, from multi-source information collection and pollution feature extraction to 3D pollution modeling and damage quantification. Compared with existing pollution assessment methods that rely solely on 2D interpolation or empirical estimation, this system effectively reflects the true distribution of pollutants in 3D space and the differences in damage intensity, significantly improving the scientific rigor, objectivity, and visualization capabilities of the assessment results.

[0052] Optionally, the processing module includes:

[0053] The data fusion unit is used to receive pollution characteristic distribution maps, field sampling data and environmental parameters, and to perform spatial matching and attribute association between the sampling points and the measurement results in the field sampling data to form pollutant concentration input data.

[0054] The model building unit establishes a spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration based on pollutant concentration input data and combined with environmental parameters;

[0055] The three-dimensional calculation unit calculates the planar and vertical distribution of pollutants within the assessment area based on the established spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration, generating three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration.

[0056] The unit is determined by using three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentrations and pollutant baseline values ​​to determine the pollution range and volume of different pollutants in a specific space.

[0057] Specifically, the data fusion unit, based on the spatial reference coordinates of the pollution characteristic distribution map, performs coordinate unification and spatial registration on the sampling points obtained by the on-site sampling module, associating the geographic coordinates and sampling depth of each sampling point with the corresponding pollutant measurement results. Simultaneously, environmental parameters are interpolated or rasterized within the same coordinate system, ensuring a one-to-one spatial correspondence between environmental parameters and sampling points. The pollutant concentration input data is a dataset containing the sampling point coordinates, sampling depth, measured pollutant concentration at the sampling point, and corresponding environmental parameter information. This dataset serves as the foundational data source for constructing the subsequent spatial distribution model of pollutant concentrations.

[0058] The model building unit uses the pollutant concentration within each spatial grid cell of each sampling point in the pollutant concentration input data as the basic sample value, and the corresponding spatial coordinates and environmental parameters as influencing factors. It introduces spatial interpolation and geostatistical analysis methods to construct a functional relationship for predicting pollutant concentrations at any spatial location in the assessment area. The spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration can be expressed as: ;in, To assess any spatial location within the region Predicted pollutant concentrations at the location; The number of sampling points used in the model calculation, that is, the number of sampling points included in the pollutant concentration input data for calculating the target location. The number of sample points for pollutant concentration; The first data input for pollutant concentration Pollutant concentration within each spatial grid cell of each sampling point; The weighting coefficients are related to spatial distance, orientation, and environmental parameters, satisfying... In practical calculations, weighting coefficients can be determined by combining ordinary kriging interpolation, inverse distance weighting, or other spatial interpolation methods with the semivariance function and environmental parameter factors. This ensures that the spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration reflects the influence of environmental parameters while maintaining spatial smoothness. The following section discusses... The calculations will be explained in detail. ;in, To assess the location With the Euclidean distance between each sampling point; The weighting index is preferably 2. This value ensures computational simplicity while assigning higher weights to sampling points that are close together, thus reflecting the natural spatial decay of pollutant concentrations. When the value of is less than 2, the weight does not change significantly with distance, which can easily cause distant sampling points to have an excessive impact on the prediction results, reducing spatial resolution; while when When the value is greater than 2, the model becomes overly sensitive to the nearest point, and the prediction results are prone to local fluctuations, affecting the overall smoothness. The following is a practical example: there are three sampling points around the location to be predicted, and the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell is... The corresponding distances are respectively The weights of each sampling point are calculated as follows:

[0059] ; ; Substituting the values, we can obtain the following: Based on this, the corresponding position .

[0060] Optionally, the environmental parameters include soil type, soil structure, permeability, moisture content, topographic slope, and groundwater flow direction.

[0061] Specifically, environmental parameters are used to characterize the physical properties and hydrogeological conditions of soil and subsurface media within the assessment area, providing constraints for the spatial distribution model of pollutant concentrations. By jointly analyzing environmental parameters with pollutant concentration input data, the model building unit can comprehensively consider the spatial correlation of pollutant concentrations and the impact of environmental conditions on pollutant migration, accumulation, and diffusion behavior when establishing the spatial distribution model of pollutant concentrations.

[0062] Optionally, the three-dimensional computing unit includes a partitioning subunit and a computing subunit;

[0063] The assessment area is divided into sub-units based on environmental parameters and the geographical boundaries of the assessment area. Each spatial grid unit corresponds to a different planar location and depth.

[0064] The computational sub-unit, based on the spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration, calculates the pollutant concentration within each spatial grid cell and generates three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration in the planar and vertical directions.

[0065] Specifically, when dividing the sub-units, the following steps are referenced: First, determine the boundary range of the assessment area. Based on the pollution characteristic distribution map and geographic information system data, obtain the geographical boundary information of the assessment area, including administrative boundaries, water system boundaries, and topographic closure lines, to form spatial constraints for division. For areas with irregular boundary shapes, a spatial clipping algorithm is used to clip the grid boundaries to ensure that the division results are strictly limited to the assessment area. Second, determine the vertical stratification structure. Based on geological borehole data and soil profile survey results, identify the main soil layer structure and its distribution depth in the assessment area. Combined with environmental parameters, stratify along the geological strata so that each vertical layer corresponds to relatively homogeneous soil medium characteristics. For example, when the upper layer is silty clay and the lower layer is sand, set an interlayer boundary at the boundary between the two to avoid the mixing of pollution migration behaviors of soil layers with different physical properties in the same unit. Then, perform planar stratification. The grid is divided into planar sections. Within the horizontal projection range of the assessment area, an appropriate planar grid size is set based on the sampling point distribution density and the required research accuracy. Generally, the side length of the planar grid can be 20–100 meters to balance computational efficiency and spatial resolution. When the sampling points are densely distributed, a smaller grid size is used to improve accuracy; when the sampling points are sparse, the grid size is appropriately increased to maintain numerical stability. Next, a three-dimensional spatial grid system is generated. Based on the planar grid, volumetric units are formed by combining vertical stratification information, thereby constructing a three-dimensional spatial grid structure covering the entire assessment area. Each spatial grid unit has a unique spatial number and contains planar position coordinates and depth stratification information. Through this division method, continuous spatial partitioning can be achieved from the surface to the target depth range, providing a unified coordinate system for the three-dimensional calculation of pollutant concentration. Finally, the consistency and integrity of the division results are checked. By checking the boundary overlap relationship and stratification continuity between grid units, it is ensured that the spatial connections between each spatial grid unit are correct and there are no voids or overlapping areas. Meanwhile, the division results are appropriately modified based on parameters such as terrain slope and groundwater flow direction to improve the physical consistency of subsequent pollutant migration simulation.

[0066] The specific pollutant concentration within each spatial grid cell is calculated using a pollutant concentration spatial distribution model. .

[0067] By following the above principles and steps, the division into sub-units can achieve spatial discretization of the assessment area while maintaining the geological stratification characteristics. This allows pollution characteristics at different locations to be calculated and compared on a unified spatial scale, providing an accurate spatial framework for calculating the three-dimensional distribution of pollutant concentrations.

[0068] Optionally, the damage quantification module includes:

[0069] The concentration comparison unit, based on the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentration, compares the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell with the pollutant baseline value, calculates the extent by which the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell exceeds the pollutant baseline value, and obtains the magnitude result.

[0070] The index calculation unit determines the comprehensive damage index based on the magnitude results and in combination with land use type and ecological vulnerability parameters;

[0071] The assessment unit, based on the comprehensive damage index, classifies and determines the degree of pollution damage within the assessment area, and obtains the grade result.

[0072] Specifically, the formula for calculating the amplitude result is as follows: ;in, This is the baseline value for pollutants, which can be determined based on national soil environmental quality standards, regional geochemical background values, or project requirements. A value greater than 0 indicates pollution damage; when When the value is less than or equal to 0, it indicates no harm.

[0073] The comprehensive damage index is used to characterize the combined effect of pollution intensity and damage sensitivity, and its calculation expression is as follows: ;in, The weighting of land use types reflects the importance of land function in this spatial location; Ecological vulnerability parameter, determined based on environmental factors such as soil type, permeability, topographic slope, groundwater flow direction, and vegetation cover at the location, is used to represent the sensitivity of an ecosystem to pollution disturbances.

[0074] Among them, the weight of land use type This system is used to reflect the importance and protection priority of land functions at various spatial locations within the assessment area. Different types of land differ significantly in ecological function and social value; therefore, different weight values ​​are assigned to reflect the potential environmental and economic impacts of pollution. For example: environmentally sensitive areas such as ecological protection zones, drinking water source areas, and wetland protection zones have a land use type weight of 1.4 to reflect high protection needs; productive ecological land such as agricultural land, forest land, and grassland has a weight of 1.1 to reflect its characteristics of both ecological function and economic output; densely populated or public service areas such as residential land, school land, and park green spaces have a weight of 1.0 to consider the sensitivity of pollution impacts to human health and public safety; areas with high development intensity such as industrial land and transportation land have a weight of 0.8 to reflect their relatively high environmental carrying capacity but limited ecological restoration capacity; and areas with weak ecological functions such as wasteland and bare rock areas have a weight of 0.5, corresponding to low ecological protection priority. The above weight ranges are determined by comprehensively considering the ecological service value, pollution sensitivity, and restoration costs of land use types to ensure that the pollution damage calculation results accurately reflect land use differences.

[0075] Ecological vulnerability parameters This parameter is used to quantify the sensitivity of ecosystems in different regions to pollution disturbances. It comprehensively considers environmental factors such as soil type, permeability, topographic slope, groundwater flow direction, vegetation cover, rainfall, and regional hydrological conditions.

[0076] For example: In areas with high soil permeability, shallow groundwater depth, and steep terrain with sandy or alluvial soil, pollutant migration capacity is high and ecological vulnerability is high, so the ecological vulnerability parameter can be taken as 1.4; In areas with clay soil, gentle terrain, and slow groundwater flow, pollution migration is low and ecological vulnerability is moderate, so the ecological vulnerability parameter can be taken as 1.0; In areas with stable geological structure, sparse vegetation cover, but extremely low rainfall, pollution diffusion is limited and ecological vulnerability is low, so the ecological vulnerability parameter can be taken as 0.7.

[0077] The principle for setting the weights is as follows: for ecological vulnerability parameters, when the natural conditions of a region are more likely to cause the spread and migration of pollutants, or when the self-repair capacity of the ecosystem is weak, a higher parameter value should be assigned to reflect its sensitivity to ecological risks; when a region has a good self-purification capacity, stable geological structure, strong groundwater sealing, or high ecosystem resilience, a relatively lower parameter value should be assigned to reflect its lower environmental vulnerability.

[0078] The principle for setting the weight of land use type is independent of natural conditions. It is determined based on the land function and social and ecological importance: ecological protection areas, farmland, residential areas and other areas with high ecological or livelihood value are given higher weights, while industrial land, wasteland and other areas with low development or ecological value are given lower weights.

[0079] Optionally, the determination unit includes:

[0080] The setting sub-unit is used to set multiple pollution damage classification threshold intervals, each pollution damage classification threshold interval corresponding to a different level of pollution damage;

[0081] The grade output unit compares the comprehensive damage index and the pollution damage classification threshold to determine the pollution damage level of the assessment area.

[0082] Specifically, the sub-units are used to set multiple pollution damage classification threshold ranges based on relevant national or industry standards, pollutant risk characteristics, and regional ecological environment management requirements. Each pollution damage classification threshold range corresponds to a pollution damage level, used to distinguish different degrees of soil environmental damage.

[0083] In this embodiment, the pollution damage level can be divided into five levels: no damage, slight damage, moderate damage, severe damage, and extremely severe damage. Comprehensive damage index. The grading threshold range can be set as follows: When When it is less than 0.2, it is judged as no damage level; when A score between 0.2 and 0.4 (inclusive) is considered a minor injury; when... A score between 0.4 and 0.7 (inclusive) is considered a moderate level of damage; when... A score between 0.7 and 1.0 (inclusive) is considered a severe injury level; when... When the value is greater than or equal to 1.0, it is judged as extremely severe damage.

[0084] The principles for determining the threshold ranges mentioned above are as follows: First, the toxicity intensity, diffusion capacity, and regional environmental capacity of pollutants are comprehensively considered to ensure that the thresholds reflect the increasing relationship of actual ecological risk levels. Second, the weights of land use types and the value ranges of ecological vulnerability parameters are combined to ensure that the grading range of the comprehensive damage index is consistent with the model output. Third, the model is calibrated by combining regional historical monitoring data and environmental quality standards to ensure that the quantitative results are consistent with the actual soil environmental status. Finally, adaptive adjustments can be made according to different pollutant types, ecological functional zones, or remediation management objectives to improve the model's universality and accuracy.

[0085] The graded output unit is used to compare the comprehensive damage index of each spatial grid cell within the evaluation area with a preset threshold range, determine the pollution damage level of each grid cell, and map the determination results to generate a pollution damage level distribution map. The system can further calculate the volume proportion and spatial distribution characteristics of grid cells of different grades, thereby obtaining the classification results of pollution damage levels in three-dimensional space.

[0086] Through the above implementation methods, the determination unit can achieve automated classification and identification of the degree of pollution damage, forming a scientific basis that can be used for prioritizing pollution control, calculating ecological compensation, and evaluating remediation effects, thereby improving the accuracy and visualization level of soil environmental damage assessment.

[0087] Optionally, the system also includes a 3D display module to spatially visualize the 3D distribution data of pollutant concentrations and the level of pollution damage.

[0088] Optionally, the 3D display module includes:

[0089] The data aggregation unit summarizes the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentrations and the pollution damage level.

[0090] The report generation unit generates a soil environmental damage report based on the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentrations and the pollution damage level.

[0091] The output interface unit is used to output a soil environmental damage report.

[0092] Specifically, the data aggregation unit receives calculation results from the damage quantification module and the judgment unit, and performs unified coordinate mapping and spatial registration of the three-dimensional distribution data of pollutant concentrations and pollution damage level data. The data aggregation unit can use the three-dimensional grid cells divided into assessment areas as basic display units, and associate, store, and statistically summarize the pollutant concentration values, comprehensive damage index, and pollution damage level within each grid cell. By establishing a unified spatial index structure, it can overlay and display pollution distribution data from different layers (such as the surface layer, cultivated layer, and groundwater layer) to support subsequent three-dimensional rendering and report generation.

[0093] The report generation unit generates a soil environmental damage report based on the aggregated data, including the spatial distribution of pollutant concentrations, the distribution of pollution damage levels, statistical analysis results, and comprehensive assessment conclusions. This report may include the following: a three-dimensional spatial distribution map of pollutants, showing the concentration changes of pollutants at different depths and planar locations; a pollution damage level distribution map, using different colors or transparency to represent different levels of areas, such as blue for no damage, green for slight damage, yellow for moderate damage, orange for severe damage, and red for extremely severe damage; a land use and ecological vulnerability distribution map, illustrating the spatial correlation between damage levels and land function and environmental vulnerability; and quantitative statistical results, including the volume percentage of each level of pollution damage area, the multiples of exceedance of major pollutant concentrations, and the spatial location of high-risk areas.

[0094] The report generation unit can further output text descriptions and chart results based on the set templates, and include the basis for the classification of pollution damage, calculation formulas and model parameter descriptions in the report, thereby ensuring the traceability and scientific nature of the results.

[0095] The output interface unit is used to output the generated soil environmental damage report, supporting multiple output formats, including screen display, print output, data file export, or network transmission. The output interface unit provides multiple report export options, such as PDF reports, 3D interactive model files (e.g., OBJ or GLTF formats), or GIS system-compatible data formats (e.g., Shapefile or GeoJSON).

[0096] When connected to an environmental management platform or ecological restoration system, the output interface unit can also push report data to a host computer or cloud database, enabling online sharing and dynamic updating of pollution damage assessment results.

[0097] Through the above implementation methods, the three-dimensional display module can realize the visualization and reporting output of pollution damage assessment results, and present the spatial distribution characteristics and level information of soil pollution damage in an intuitive and structured way, providing a scientific basis for pollution remediation plan formulation, ecological compensation assessment and environmental regulatory decision-making.

[0098] Example 2 provides a soil environmental damage quantification system, which includes all the contents of Example 1, combined with... Figure 4 As shown.

[0099] The processing module also includes a pollutant spatiotemporal evolution unit. Based on the spatial distribution model of pollutant concentration, it combines the time dimension to model the dynamic change law of pollutant concentration and derive a pollutant spatiotemporal evolution model to reflect the diffusion characteristics of pollutants in the medium.

[0100] The significance of developing spatiotemporal evolution models for pollutants lies in their ability to describe the dynamic changes of pollutants in space and time, which is crucial for the real-time monitoring, assessment, and remediation of soil pollution. These models enable more accurate predictions of pollutant diffusion trends and their long-term environmental impacts, providing a scientific basis for pollution source location, remediation plan development, and environmental risk assessment. Spatiotemporal evolution models offer a scientific basis for environmental management and policy formulation. Based on the dynamic diffusion characteristics of pollutants, governments and relevant departments can take more targeted control measures. For example, if the pollutant concentration in a certain area increases continuously over time, emergency response and remediation measures can be deployed in advance; if the diffusion rate of pollutants is slow, longer-term remediation plans can be considered.

[0101] Optionally, the expression for the spatiotemporal evolution model of pollutants is: ;in, For a moment Any spatial location within the time assessment area Predicted pollutant concentrations at the location; The number of sampling points used in the model calculation; The first data input for pollutant concentration Pollutant concentration within each spatial grid cell of each sampling point; For the first Sampling time for each sampling point; For the first Each sampling point relative to its spatial location and time The spatiotemporal integrated weighting coefficient; is the natural decay coefficient of pollutants, used to describe the exponential decay trend of pollutant concentration over time.

[0102] Based on the physicochemical properties and migration stability of pollutants in soil, the natural decay coefficients for different types of pollutants are set as follows: For highly mobile pollutants, such as nitrates, ammonia nitrogen, and chloride ions, the natural decay coefficient is set to 0.10; these pollutants are easily migrated and diffused with water, and decay rapidly, so a larger value is chosen to reflect their rapid dissipation characteristics. For moderately mobile pollutants, such as copper, zinc, nickel, and organophosphorus pesticides, the natural decay coefficient is set to 0.03; these pollutants exhibit some adsorption and complexation in soil, and their migration is moderate, so this value reflects their slow decay trend. For stable pollutants, such as lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, and polychlorinated biphenyls, the natural decay coefficient is set to 0.005; these pollutants are difficult to degrade and migrate in soil, and remain for a long time, so a smaller value is chosen to reflect their stability and persistence risk. For readily biodegradable pollutants, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, and organic acids, the natural decay coefficient is taken as 0.07. These pollutants can be decomposed by microorganisms and decay relatively quickly in suitable environments; therefore, a moderately high value is used to reflect their biodegradability. For complex pollution situations involving multiple pollutants, the natural decay coefficient of the pollutant with the highest content is used. By using the above empirical parameter method to determine the natural decay coefficient of pollutants, model parameters can be quickly determined in the absence of long-term monitoring data. This ensures the operability of the calculation process and reflects the differences in the physicochemical properties and environmental behavior of different pollutants, thereby improving the universality and dynamic adaptability of the soil environmental damage quantification model.

[0103] in, ; This can be understood as the time point that the model needs to calculate; For the first The actual sampling time for each sampling point; For target location With the Each sampling point The spatial Euclidean distance between them ; The number of sampling points used in the model calculation; This is the spatial attenuation coefficient; This is the time decay coefficient.

[0104] The spatial attenuation coefficient (SOC) characterizes the gradual decrease in pollutant concentration with increasing spatial distance. Its magnitude reflects the soil medium's ability to impede pollutant migration. The SOC value is determined based on soil permeability, groundwater velocity, and the impediment effect of the geological structure. When the soil is clay with extremely low permeability and a groundwater velocity less than 0.05 m / d, the spatial diffusion of pollutants is limited, and the attenuation is rapid; a SOC of 0.18 can be used. When the soil is silty loam with moderate permeability and a groundwater velocity of approximately 0.10 m / d, pollutants exhibit some diffusion; a SOC of 0.12 can be used. When the soil is sandy loam with high permeability and a groundwater velocity greater than 0.20 m / d, pollutants migrate easily, and spatial attenuation is slow; a SOC of 0.08 can be used. Therefore, the typical range for the SOC is 0.08–0.18. A larger SOC value indicates a faster decrease in pollutant concentration with distance, while a smaller SOC value indicates that pollutants can diffuse over a wider area.

[0105] The time decay coefficient describes the decay or diffusion rate of pollutants over time, reflecting their chemical stability and temporal decay characteristics. The value of the time decay coefficient is determined based on the type of pollutant, its degradation characteristics, and the monitoring period. When the pollutant is highly volatile or easily degradable (such as benzene compounds, ammonia nitrogen, etc.), its concentration changes rapidly over time, and the time decay coefficient can be taken as 0.045; when the pollutant is moderately stable (such as copper, zinc, etc.), its migration and degradation rates are moderate, and the time decay coefficient can be taken as 0.025; when the pollutant is stable or difficult to degrade (such as lead, mercury, and other heavy metals), its residual time is long and its decay is slow, and the time decay coefficient can be taken as 0.012.

[0106] In practical applications, typical parameter values ​​can be selected based on the geological structure and pollutant types of the assessment area. For example, for the diffusion of nitrate pollutants in sandy loam, a spatial attenuation coefficient of 0.08 and a temporal attenuation coefficient of 0.045 can be used; for the accumulation of heavy metals such as lead and mercury in clay layers, a spatial attenuation coefficient of 0.18 and a temporal attenuation coefficient of 0.012 can be used. By setting these parameters, the model can take into account both spatial diffusion and temporal attenuation effects, achieving continuous spatiotemporal prediction of pollutant concentrations and enhancing the model's physical rationality and applicability.

[0107] The content disclosed above is only a preferred and feasible embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical changes made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings are included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, the elements therein can be updated as technology develops.

Claims

1. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage, characterized in that, The system comprises: a multi-source data acquisition module, which acquires multi-source environmental information of an evaluation area, performs fusion processing on the multi-source environmental information of the evaluation area, and generates a pollution characteristic distribution map, wherein the multi-source environmental information of the evaluation area comprises remote sensing data, geological and geochemical background data, and historical pollution record data; a field sampling module, which determines sampling subareas and sampling points according to the pollution characteristic distribution map, acquires soil samples in different directions and depths according to the sampling subareas and sampling points, and determines the concentration and position of the acquired soil samples to form field sampling data, wherein the field sampling data are used to reflect the distribution characteristics of pollutants in different directions and depths; a processing module, which establishes a pollutant concentration spatial distribution model based on the pollution characteristic distribution map, the field sampling data, and environmental parameters, calculates the planar and vertical distribution of pollutants in the evaluation area based on the pollutant concentration spatial distribution model, and generates three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration, wherein the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration are used to determine the pollution range and pollution volume of different pollutants in a specific space; a damage quantification module, which calculates and classifies the degree of soil pollution damage based on the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration, calculates the amplitude of the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell exceeding the pollutant baseline value by comparing the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell with the pollutant baseline value, and determines a comprehensive damage index in combination with the land use type and ecological vulnerability parameter to reflect the multi-dimensional quantification result of pollution damage.

2. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage according to claim 1, wherein The processing module comprises: a data fusion unit, which is configured to receive the pollution characteristic distribution map, the field sampling data, and the environmental parameters, perform spatial matching and attribute association on the sampling points and the determination results in the field sampling data, and form pollutant concentration input data; a model construction unit, which is configured to establish a pollutant concentration spatial distribution model based on the pollutant concentration input data and in combination with the environmental parameters; a three-dimensional calculation unit, which is configured to calculate the planar and vertical distribution of pollutants in the evaluation area based on the established pollutant concentration spatial distribution model, and generate three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration; a determination unit, which is configured to determine the pollution range and pollution volume of different pollutants in a specific space based on the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration and according to the pollutant baseline value.

3. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage according to claim 2, wherein The environmental parameters comprise soil type, soil layer structure, permeability, water content, terrain slope, and underground water flow direction.

4. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage according to claim 2, wherein The three-dimensional calculation unit comprises a division subunit and a calculation subunit; the division subunit is configured to divide the evaluation area into a plurality of spatial grid cells based on the environmental parameters and the geographical boundary of the evaluation area, and each spatial grid cell corresponds to a different planar position and depth; the calculation subunit is configured to calculate the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell based on the pollutant concentration spatial distribution model, and generate three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration in the planar and vertical directions.

5. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage according to claim 4, wherein The damage quantification module comprises: a concentration comparison unit, which is configured to compare the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell with the pollutant baseline value based on the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration, calculate the amplitude of the pollutant concentration in each spatial grid cell exceeding the pollutant baseline value, and obtain an amplitude result; and a damage classification unit, which is configured to classify the degree of soil pollution damage in each spatial grid cell based on the amplitude result and the comprehensive damage index. An index calculation unit determines a comprehensive damage index based on the amplitude result and in combination with the land use type and the ecological vulnerability parameter; A determination unit grades and determines the pollution damage degree in the evaluation area according to the comprehensive damage index, and obtains a grade result.

6. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage according to claim 5, wherein The determination unit comprises: A setting subunit configured to set a plurality of pollution damage grading threshold intervals, each of which corresponds to a pollution damage degree of a different grade; A grade output unit compares the comprehensive damage index with the pollution damage grading threshold to determine the pollution damage grade to which the evaluation area belongs.

7. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage according to claim 6, wherein The system further comprises a three-dimensional display module for spatially visualizing the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration and the pollution damage grade.

8. A system for quantifying soil environmental damage according to claim 7, wherein The three-dimensional display module comprises: A data summarizing unit for summarizing the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration and the pollution damage grade; A report generating unit for generating a soil environment damage report based on the three-dimensional distribution data of the pollutant concentration and the pollution damage grade; An output interface unit for outputting the soil environment damage report.

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