Modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage pulses, and discloses a modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit, which comprises a direct-current power supply used for providing direct-current input electric energy for the whole high-voltage pulse circuit; the boosting unit is used for converting the direct-current input electric energy into high-voltage pulse energy through a pulse modulation technology; the fault bypass protection unit is used for automatically bypassing the fault part when the high-voltage pulse circuit breaks down, so that the high-voltage pulse circuit operates normally; the load is used for receiving and utilizing the high-voltage pulse energy output by the high-voltage pulse circuit; and the central digital control module is used for communicating with an upper computer and monitoring and controlling the boosting unit so as to realize output of different high-voltage pulse sequences. The operation reliability of the system is greatly enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage pulse technology, and more specifically, to modular, high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuits. Background Technology

[0002] A high-voltage pulse power supply is a pulse power generating device. Its pulse power generation method is mainly based on low-speed energy storage and high-speed energy release. First, the energy storage element is slowly charged until a set voltage value is reached. Then, the energy is rapidly released through various switches, thus achieving the effect of low-speed storage and high-speed release. A common method is to use capacitor energy storage and semiconductor switches in series to control the discharge. Its structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0003] Figure 1 The capacitor energy storage system shown is generally implemented by making each part an independent unit and then connecting them in series. There are two key technologies involved: first, a boost converter, which uses an isolated switching power supply and an output voltage doubler rectification; second, an output pulse switch, typically using multiple solid-state transistors connected in series, utilizing the instantaneous conduction of the transistors to achieve pulse output. However, this requires strict consistency in the conduction time of the transistors; if a single switch experiences a conduction delay, the series-connected transistors will break down due to uneven voltage distribution. Furthermore, because the entire system is formed by connecting independent units in series, the design of each part needs to be customized according to requirements, and the failure of any component will lead to system failure.

[0004] No effective solutions have yet been proposed to address the problems in the relevant technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a modular, high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A modular, high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit includes: a DC power supply, a boost unit, a fault bypass protection unit, a load, and a central digital control module, wherein the DC power supply, the boost unit, the fault bypass protection unit, and the load are connected in sequence, and the central digital control module is connected to the boost unit and the load. The DC power supply is used to provide DC input power to the entire high-voltage pulse circuit. The boost unit is used to convert DC input electrical energy into high-voltage pulse energy through pulse modulation technology; The fault bypass protection unit is used to automatically bypass the faulty part when a fault occurs in the high-voltage pulse circuit, so that the high-voltage pulse circuit can operate normally. The load is used to receive and utilize the high-voltage pulse energy output by the high-voltage pulse circuit; The central digital control module is used to communicate with the host computer and monitor and control the boost unit to achieve different high-voltage pulse sequence outputs.

[0007] Furthermore, the boost unit is composed of multiple boost modules, with the input terminals of the multiple boost modules connected in parallel and the output terminals of the multiple boost modules connected in series.

[0008] Furthermore, the boost module includes: a boost converter, an energy storage capacitor, a pulse switch, and an isolated constant voltage feedback control module, and the energy storage capacitor, the pulse switch, and the isolated constant voltage feedback control module are all connected to the boost converter; The boost converter is used to output a set voltage according to the signal given by the central digital control module; The energy storage capacitor is used to store the energy required by the high-voltage pulse; The pulse switch is used to receive the synchronous switching signal given by the central digital control module and to emit a high-voltage pulse energy sequence by turning it on and off. The isolated constant voltage feedback control module is used to ensure that the voltage output by the boost converter is stable and meets the set value.

[0009] Furthermore, the pulse switch is a first field-effect transistor.

[0010] Furthermore, the fault bypass protection unit is composed of multiple bypass diodes, and the number of bypass diodes is the same as the number of boost modules, with adjacent sets of bypass diodes connected in series.

[0011] Furthermore, the boost converter includes: a second field-effect transistor, a transformer, and a boost diode; The drain of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the first pin of the transformer, the source of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the gate of the second field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module. The fourth pin of the transformer is connected to one end of the boost diode, and the other end of the boost diode is connected in sequence to the positive voltage sampling pin of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module, one end of the energy storage capacitor, and the drain of the first field-effect transistor. The second pin of the transformer is connected in sequence to the other end of the energy storage capacitor, the negative voltage sampling pin of the isolation constant voltage feedback control module, the V- pin of the load, one end of the bypass diode, the current sampling pin of the central digital control module, and the positive voltage sampling pin of the central digital control module. The third pin of the transformer is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply, and the third pins of several transformers are interconnected.

[0012] Furthermore, the gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the drive signal output pin of the central digital control module, and the gates of several first field-effect transistors are interconnected. The source of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the other end of the bypass diode.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of each of the isolated constant voltage feedback control modules is connected to the voltage setpoint output pin of the central digital control module.

[0014] Furthermore, the V+ pin of the load is connected in sequence to the negative voltage sampling pin of the central digital control module and one end of one of the bypass diodes.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of capacitors in the energy storage capacitor is set to one.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention standardizes the boost section into modules, allowing each module to operate independently and generate a high-voltage pulse through series output. Different modules can be configured to output different pulse voltages. This design facilitates mass production and inventory planning. Furthermore, the fault bypass protection unit at the output end is based on a redundancy design. If a single module fails, it automatically exits while the system continues to operate normally. At the same time, the fault is reported to the system for maintenance, greatly enhancing the system's operational reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a conventional structure diagram of a pulse power supply based on capacitor energy storage in a modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram illustrating the implementation of a modular, high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0020] According to embodiments of the present invention, a modular, highly reliable high-voltage pulse circuit is provided.

[0021] It should be noted that this modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit is a modular design, comprising an input DC power supply, multiple boost modules (multiple boost modules forming a boost unit), a fault bypass protection unit, and an output load. The boost modules are connected in parallel at their inputs and in series at their outputs. Each boost module includes a boost converter, an energy storage capacitor, and a pulse switch, and each module's output is individually adjustable and controllable. When all module pulse switches are simultaneously activated, the output voltage is the sum of the voltages of all modules. The fault bypass protection unit refers to a bypass diode connected in parallel at the output of each module. This bypass provides protection when a module fails or is disconnected for other reasons, without affecting the operation of other modules.

[0022] The design concept of this invention is to make the core boost section into a standardized module, with each module working independently and outputting a high-voltage pulse in series. Therefore, different pulse voltages can be output by configuring different modules. This design concept facilitates mass production and inventory planning. In addition, the fault bypass protection unit at the output end is based on the redundancy design concept. If a single module fails, it will automatically exit, and the system can still work normally. At the same time, the fault is reported to the system to prompt maintenance, which greatly enhances the reliability of the system operation.

[0023] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a DC power supply, a boost unit, a fault bypass protection unit, a load, and a central digital control module, wherein the DC power supply, the boost unit, the fault bypass protection unit, and the load are connected in sequence, and the central digital control module is connected to the boost unit and the load. The DC power supply is used to provide DC input power to the entire high-voltage pulse circuit. The boost unit is used to convert DC input electrical energy into high-voltage pulse energy through pulse modulation technology; The fault bypass protection unit is used to automatically bypass the faulty part when a fault occurs in the high-voltage pulse circuit, so that the high-voltage pulse circuit can operate normally. The load is used to receive and utilize the high-voltage pulse energy output by the high-voltage pulse circuit; The central digital control module is used to communicate with the host computer and monitor and control the boost unit to achieve different high-voltage pulse sequence outputs.

[0024] Specifically, the boost unit is composed of multiple boost modules, with the input terminals of the multiple boost modules connected in parallel and the output terminals of the multiple boost modules connected in series.

[0025] Specifically, the boost module includes: a boost converter, an energy storage capacitor, a pulse switch, and an isolated constant voltage feedback control module, and the energy storage capacitor, the pulse switch, and the isolated constant voltage feedback control module are all connected to the boost converter; The boost converter is used to output a set voltage according to the signal given by the central digital control module; The energy storage capacitor is used to store the energy required by the high-voltage pulse; The pulse switch is used to receive the synchronous switching signal given by the central digital control module and to emit a high-voltage pulse energy sequence by turning it on and off. The isolated constant voltage feedback control module is used to ensure that the voltage output by the boost converter is stable and meets the set value.

[0026] Specifically, the pulse switch is a first field-effect transistor.

[0027] Specifically, the fault bypass protection unit consists of multiple bypass diodes, and the number of bypass diodes is the same as the number of boost modules. Adjacent sets of bypass diodes are connected in series.

[0028] Specifically, the boost converter includes: a second field-effect transistor (MOS transistor), transformers (T1, T2, ..., Tn), and a boost diode; The drain of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the first pin of the transformer, the source of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the gate of the second field-effect transistor is connected to one end of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module. The fourth pin of the transformer is connected to one end of the boost diode, and the other end of the boost diode is connected in sequence to the positive voltage sampling pin (V1+, V2+, ..., Vn+) of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module, one end of the energy storage capacitor, and the drain of the first field-effect transistor. The second pin of the transformer is connected in sequence to the other end of the energy storage capacitor, the negative voltage sampling pin of the isolation constant voltage feedback control module, the V- pin of the load, one end of the bypass diode, the current sampling pin (Io) of the central digital control module, and the positive voltage sampling pin (Vo+) of the central digital control module. The third pin of the transformer is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply, and the third pins of several transformers are interconnected.

[0029] Specifically, the gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the drive signal output pin of the central digital control module, and the gates of several first field-effect transistors are interconnected. The source of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the other end of the bypass diode.

[0030] Specifically, one end of each of the isolated constant voltage feedback control modules is connected to the voltage setpoint output pin of the central digital control module.

[0031] Specifically, the V+ pin of the load is connected in sequence to the negative voltage sampling pins (V1-, V2-, ..., Vn-) of the central digital control module and one end of one of the bypass diodes.

[0032] Specifically, the number of capacitors in the energy storage capacitor is set to one. The energy storage capacitor used in this invention only needs to meet the withstand voltage requirement of a single module, which is 1 / n of the total output voltage, and the energy storage withstand voltage is relatively low.

[0033] To facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the working principle or operation method of the present invention in actual process will be described in detail below.

[0034] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a circuit diagram of a high-voltage pulse power supply, which mainly includes three functional units: a boost module, a fault bypass protection module, and a central digital control processing module. There can be multiple boost modules, which can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0035] (1) Boost Module; The boost module consists of four parts: a boost converter, energy storage capacitors, pulse switches, and isolated constant voltage feedback control. The boost converter outputs a set voltage based on the signal given by the central digital control module; the energy storage capacitors C1, C2, ..., Cn store the energy required for the high-voltage pulse; the pulse switches Q11, Q22, ..., Qn2 receive the synchronous switching signal given by the central digital control module and emit a high-voltage pulse energy sequence by turning on and off. Among them, the boost converter in the boost module is a flyback converter in the figure. This circuit can also be a forward converter, push-pull converter, half-bridge converter, or full-bridge converter; the output voltage of the boost module can be customized or adjusted by the central digital control module. The boost module is relatively independent. Combined with the fault bypass protection module at the output end, the failure of a single boost module will not cause the system to fail.

[0036] Furthermore, the pulse switch controls the conduction of a single module, and the device will not be damaged due to a delay compared to the conduction of other modules.

[0037] (2) Fault Bypass Module; D12, D22, ..., Dn2 are connected in parallel at the output of each module to form a fault bypass protection module. This module has two functions. The first is to improve the working reliability of the pulse switching device. Taking module n as an example, when Qn2 turns on with a delay relative to other pulse switching tubes, if the load is not in an open circuit state, the voltage that Qn2 bears is the sum of the output voltages. This situation will cause Qn2 to be over-voltage and break down. After adding Dn2, Dn2 provides a branch to the circuit. At this time, the voltage that Qn2 bears is the output voltage of a single transformer Tn, and it will not be damaged due to over-voltage. Therefore, the reliability of Qn2 can be guaranteed at the moment of switching. The second function is to prevent a fault from occurring when a module fails. Again, taking module n as an example. If the pulse switch Qn2 is open, without a bypass diode, the pulse voltage cannot be output due to the open circuit, and the system cannot function properly. Adding the bypass diode Dn2 allows current to flow through it. There are two possible outcomes: either the central digital control module does not modify the boost module's output voltage setting, in which case the output voltage will be (n-1) / n times the original value; or the central digital control module modifies the boost module's output voltage setting to n / (n-1) times the original value, in which case the output voltage will remain consistent with the state before the fault. This module significantly improves the overall reliability of the design and the stability of the system operation.

[0038] (3) Central Digital Control Module; The functions of the central digital control module include communicating with the host computer, monitoring the output voltage and current signals of the pulse voltage, setting the output voltage of the boost module, and providing synchronous switching signals for the pulse switch. Users set the working requirements for different scenarios through the host computer. After receiving the requirements, the central digital control module outputs the corresponding high-voltage pulse sequence and monitors it, and feeds back the results to the host computer. On the one hand, the output voltage setting value of the boost module is provided by the central digital control module. The central digital control module adjusts the output voltage sampling value in real time to ensure the accuracy of system operation under different loads and abnormal module operation conditions. On the other hand, after receiving the instructions from the host computer, the central digital control module outputs different high-voltage pulse sequence outputs by outputting pulse switch drive signals with different pulse widths and frequencies to the pulse switch.

[0039] In summary, by utilizing the above-mentioned technical solutions of this invention, the present invention standardizes the boost section into modules, enabling each module to work independently and generate a high-voltage pulse through series output. Furthermore, different modules can be configured to output different pulse voltages. This design concept facilitates mass production and inventory planning. In addition, the fault bypass protection unit at the output end is based on a redundancy design concept. If a single module fails, it automatically exits, and the system can still operate normally. At the same time, the fault is reported to the system for maintenance, greatly enhancing the operational reliability of the system.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," "connection," "fixing," "screw connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit, characterized in that, The application relates to a high-voltage pulse circuit, which comprises a direct-current power supply, a voltage boosting unit, a fault bypass protection unit, a load and a central digital control module, wherein the direct-current power supply, the voltage boosting unit, the fault bypass protection unit and the load are sequentially connected, and the central digital control module is connected with the voltage boosting unit and the load. The direct-current power supply is used for providing direct-current input power for the whole high-voltage pulse circuit. The voltage boosting unit is used for converting the direct-current input power into high-voltage pulse energy through pulse modulation technology. The fault bypass protection unit is used for automatically bypassing the fault part when the high-voltage pulse circuit appears a fault, so that the high-voltage pulse circuit can normally operate. The load is used for receiving and utilizing the high-voltage pulse energy output by the high-voltage pulse circuit. The central digital control module is used for communicating with an upper computer and monitoring and controlling the voltage boosting unit, so as to realize different high-voltage pulse sequence outputs. The voltage boosting unit is composed of multiple voltage boosting modules, the input ends of the multiple voltage boosting modules are connected in parallel, and the output ends of the multiple voltage boosting modules are connected in series.

2. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage boosting module comprises a voltage boosting converter, an energy storage capacitor, a pulse switch and an isolated constant voltage feedback control module, and the energy storage capacitor, the pulse switch and the isolated constant voltage feedback control module are connected with the voltage boosting converter.

3. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 2, wherein, The voltage boosting converter is used for outputting a set voltage according to a signal given by the central digital control module. The energy storage capacitor is used for storing energy required by the high-voltage pulse. The pulse switch is used for receiving a synchronous switch signal given by the central digital control module and emitting a high-voltage pulse energy sequence through opening and closing. The isolated constant voltage feedback control module is used for ensuring that the voltage output by the voltage boosting converter is stable and meets the set value. The pulse switch is a first field effect transistor.

4. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 3, wherein, The fault bypass protection unit is composed of multiple bypass diodes, the number of the bypass diodes is the same as that of the voltage boosting modules, and two groups of adjacent bypass diodes are connected in series.

5. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 4, wherein, The voltage boosting converter comprises a second field effect transistor, a transformer and a voltage boosting diode.

6. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 5, wherein, The drain of the second field effect transistor is connected with a first pin of the transformer, the source of the second field effect transistor is connected with the positive pole of the direct-current power supply, and the gate of the second field effect transistor is connected with one end of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module. One end of the voltage boosting diode is connected with a fourth pin of the transformer, the other end of the voltage boosting diode is sequentially connected with a positive pole voltage sampling pin of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module, one end of the energy storage capacitor and the drain of the first field effect transistor. A second pin of the transformer is sequentially connected with the other end of the energy storage capacitor, a negative pole voltage sampling pin of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module, a V- pin of the load, one end of the bypass diode, a current sampling pin of the central digital control module and a positive pole voltage sampling pin of the central digital control module. A third pin of the transformer is connected with the negative pole of the direct-current power supply, and the third pins of the transformers are connected with each other. ​ 7. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 6, wherein, The gate of the first field effect transistor is connected with a driving signal output pin of the central digital control module, and the gates of the first field effect transistors are connected with each other. The source of the first field effect transistor is connected with the other end of the bypass diode.

8. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 6, wherein, One end of the isolated constant voltage feedback control module is connected with a voltage setting value output pin of the central digital control module.

9. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 8, wherein, The V+ pin of the load is connected with a negative voltage sampling pin of the central digital control module and one end of one set of the bypass diodes in sequence.

10. The modular high-reliability high-voltage pulse circuit of claim 3, wherein, The number of capacitors in the energy storage capacitor is set to one.

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