Aviation gasoline composition containing bio-based component and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of aviation fuel, and discloses an aviation gasoline composition containing a bio-based component and a preparation method thereof, and the aviation gasoline composition comprises the following components relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition: 8-20wt% of C5 isoparaffin; the total content of the C6-C7 isoparaffin is 5 to 10 weight percent; the total content of C7-C9 aromatic hydrocarbon is 3 to 18 weight percent; the content of C8 isoparaffin is 40 to 65 percent; the content of the 2, 5-dimethylfuran is 10 to 30 weight percent; no more than 2 wt% of C4 alkane; and not more than 2wt% of alkane with the carbon number of C9 and above. The motor octane number of the aviation gasoline composition is not lower than 91, the aviation gasoline composition contains part of bio-based component 2, 5-dimethylfuran, does not contain metal additives, nitrogen-containing compounds and the like, can meet the use requirements of lead-free aviation gasoline, is simple in component type, safer, more environmentally friendly and low-carbon, and has a practical application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aviation fuel, in particular to an aviation gasoline composition containing a bio-based component and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Aviation gasoline, also known as aviation piston engine fuel, is mainly used for aircraft equipped with reciprocating piston engines, such as military armed helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles, primary trainers, and general aviation aircraft such as agricultural aircraft, weather machines, and exploration machines, etc. The current standard is GB 1787-2018 "Aviation Piston Engine Fuel". The standard specifies five types of aviation gasoline, of which No. 91 is unleaded aviation gasoline (UL91), and No. 95 and No. 100 are both leaded aviation gasoline. Generally, the anti-knock performance of the fuel can be improved by adding additives such as commonly used tetraethyl lead to the base gasoline, but due to the serious toxicity and environmental pollution of lead, it cannot meet the more stringent environmental and safety requirements in the future. The development of unleaded aviation gasoline is being carried out at home and abroad, such as CN104593098B using aniline as a blending component, but due to the presence of a large number of amine components, it has great uncertainty in terms of toxicity, corrosiveness, flammability, and nitrogen oxide emissions, and has not formed actual application capability. For example, CN114149836A and standard ASTM D7719 use a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons as a blending component, but this significantly adversely affects the combustion performance and evaporation performance of the fuel, which cannot be used on existing engines.

[0003] In addition, with China accelerating the implementation of the "double carbon" goal of carbon neutrality and carbon peak, aviation fuel, as one of the most concerned transportation fuel fields, is facing urgent carbon reduction and carbon reduction requirements, and the use of partial bio-based alternative components will significantly promote the realization of this goal. Bio-based alternative components such as bioethanol, 2-methylfuran, and 2,5-dimethylfuran can be derived from biomass and can achieve carbon cycling in nature through plant photosynthesis, thereby not increasing carbon emissions. For example, patent CN108485748B discloses a biofuel prepared from kitchen waste and a preparation method thereof, which uses 20%-30% bioethanol. However, since bio-based alternative components are often single components or a mixture of several components, they cannot meet all the requirements of GB 1787 when used alone, and they cannot completely replace the existing traditional petroleum-based aviation gasoline components. Therefore, the more feasible way at present is to partially replace the original petroleum-based components, thereby achieving the purpose of carbon reduction and carbon reduction in the aviation gasoline field. In addition, aviation gasoline is different from motor gasoline, and has special requirements for properties such as freezing point, so not all bio-based alternative components can be used as aviation gasoline components. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application proposes a kind of aviation gasoline composition containing bio-based components and its preparation method in the case of present aviation gasoline containing lead and all components used are derived from fossil-based energy.

[0005] An aviation gasoline composition containing bio-based components, comprising the following components relative to the total weight of the aviation gasoline composition: C5 isomeric alkanes, content 8-20wt%, preferably 9-16wt%; C6-C7 isomeric alkanes, total content 5-10wt%, preferably 6-9wt%; C7-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, total content 3-18wt%, preferably 5-15wt%; C8 isomeric alkanes, content 40-65wt%, preferably 44-57wt%; 2,5-dimethylfuran, content 10-30wt%, preferably 15-25wt%; and no more than 2wt%, preferably no more than 1.5wt% of C4 alkanes; no more than 2wt%, preferably no more than 1.5wt% of alkanes with carbon number of C9 and above.

[0006] The C7-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons are preferably at least one of dimethylbenzene, cumene and mesitylene, more preferably cumene and / or mesitylene.

[0007] The C9 and above carbon number alkanes are mainly C9-C12 isomeric alkanes.

[0008] The 2,5-dimethylfuran is prepared from biomass through hydrolysis, fermentation, hydrodeoxygenation and other chemical processes.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the aviation gasoline composition can further contain an antioxidant, the mass content of the antioxidant in the aviation gasoline composition is 2-15mg / L, preferably 5-12mg / L, and the antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, more preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

[0010] A preparation method of aviation gasoline containing bio-based components, comprising: uniformly mixing alkylate gasoline, isopentane, C7-C9 type aromatic hydrocarbons and 2,5-dimethylfuran to form an aviation gasoline composition.

[0011] In the composition, the addition amount of alkylate gasoline is 50-84% based on the total mass of the composition, preferably 55-75%; the addition amount of C7-C9 aromatic hydrocarbons is 3-18wt%, preferably 5-15wt%; the addition amount of 2,5-dimethylfuran is 10-30wt%, preferably 15-25wt%; and the addition amount of isopentane is 3-15wt%, preferably 5-12wt%.

[0012] According to the preferred embodiment of the present application, the following steps are included: (1) adding 2,5-dimethylfuran, aromatic hydrocarbon, alkylated gasoline, isopentane into the container in turn according to the order of boiling point from high to low to form a first mixture; (2) adding an antioxidant with a concentration of 2-15 mg / L, preferably 5-12 mg / L into the first mixture to obtain aviation gasoline containing a bio-based component.

[0013] Preferably, the antioxidant mother liquor can be prepared according to a weight ratio of 150-200 of the antioxidant to the first mixture, and after being dissolved and uniformly mixed, it is added into the first mixture in step (1).

[0014] In the alkylated gasoline, based on the total mass, the following components are contained: C4 alkane content not higher than 3 wt%, preferably not higher than 2 wt%; C5 isomeric alkane content 3-12 wt%, preferably 5-10 wt%; total C6-C7 isomeric alkane content 8-18 wt%, preferably 10-15 wt%; C8 isomeric alkane content 70-89 wt%, preferably 75-85 wt%; total C9-C12 isomeric alkane content not higher than 3 wt%, preferably not higher than 2 wt%.

[0015] By using the technical solution of the present application, under the conditions of not containing lead, not containing nitrogen-containing compounds (such as aromatic amines), and not complex component types, part of the bio-based components can be used to replace fossil fuel components to prepare aviation gasoline with a motor method octane number not lower than 91, while other key indicators such as vapor pressure, freezing point, heat value, 10% distillation temperature, 50% distillation temperature, etc. fully meet the index requirements of UL91 and 100 aviation gasoline in GB 1787-2018, which are more safe and environmentally friendly, have the characteristics of reducing carbon emissions in the field of aviation gasoline, and have a wide practical application prospect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present application are further illustrated below in combination with examples.

[0017] In the following blending products, the hydrocarbons can be derived from relatively pure chemicals or mixtures containing the above-mentioned hydrocarbons generated in the field of fossil energy processing, such as alkylated gasoline or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, etc.

[0018] The alkylated gasoline, isopentane, and C7-C9 type aromatic hydrocarbons are derived from China Petroleum Chemical Co., Ltd.; 2,5-dimethylfuran and antioxidant are derived from Beijing Inokai Technology Co., Ltd.

[0019] Among them, the alkylated gasoline is divided into two kinds, which are No. 1 alkylated gasoline and No. 2 alkylated gasoline, and their molecular compositions are shown in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.

[0020] Table 1 Quality composition of No. 1 alkylated gasoline

[0021]

[0022] Table 2 Quality composition of No. 2 alkylate gasoline

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] 2,5-dimethylfuran, C7-C9 type aromatic hydrocarbons, alkylate gasoline, isopentane were sequentially added into the container in the order of high to low boiling point, and mixed uniformly, and the component content met the conditions in Table 3.

[0026] Table 3

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] According to the mass concentration of 12 mg / L, a certain mass of antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol was weighed, then an antioxidant mother liquor was prepared according to the weight ratio of antioxidant: composition of 1:150, and then added into the above composition after being dissolved and mixed uniformly, finally an aviation gasoline containing bio-based components was prepared, and the composition is shown in Table 4.

[0030] Table 4

[0031]

[0032] The key properties of the samples tested include MON, vapor pressure, heat value, 10% distillation temperature, 50% distillation temperature, freezing point, and the test results are shown in Table 5.

[0033] Table 5

[0034]

[0035] Note: The index requirement refers to the requirement of UL91 aviation gasoline in GB 1787-2018.

[0036] The analysis results of each formula are given in Table 5, wherein for Comparative Example 6, when 2-methyl furan is added into the mixed oil sample, flocculation appears rapidly, thus the relevant properties cannot be tested, and 2-methyl furan cannot be used as a bio-based blending component; for Comparative Example 7, although the freezing point of ethanol itself is very low, due to its easy absorption of moisture in the air, the water content in the oil sample increases, so that its freezing point is extremely easy to be unqualified, and thus ethanol cannot be used as a bio-based blending component; for Comparative Example 8, the aromatic hydrocarbon used is benzene, which is a very carcinogenic substance, and thus benzene is also not suitable for use as a bio-based blending component.

Claims

1. An aviation gasoline composition containing bio-based components, comprising the following components: C5 isoparaffins, 8-20 wt%; C6-C7 isoparaffins, 5-10 wt% in total; C7-C9 aromatics, 3-18 wt% in total; C8 isoparaffins, 40-65 wt%; 2,5-dimethylfuran, 10-30 wt%; C4 alkanes, no more than 2 wt%; C9 and above carbon number alkanes, no more than 2 wt%.

2. The aviation gasoline composition of claim 1, wherein, comprising the following components: C5 isoparaffins, 9-16 wt%; C6-C7 isoparaffins, 6-9 wt% in total; C7-C9 aromatics, 5-15 wt% in total; C8 isoparaffins, 44-57 wt%; 2,5-dimethylfuran, 15-25 wt%; C4 alkanes, no more than 1.5 wt%; C9 and above carbon number alkanes, no more than 1.5 wt%.

3. The aviation gasoline composition of claim 1, wherein, The C7-C9 aromatics are selected from at least one of xylene, cumene and mesitylene.

4. The aviation gasoline composition of claim 1, wherein, The C9 and above carbon number alkanes are mainly C9-C12 isoparaffins.

5. The aviation gasoline composition of claim 1, wherein, The 2,5-dimethylfuran is prepared from biomass through hydrolysis, fermentation, hydrodeoxygenation and other chemical processes.

6. The aviation gasoline composition of claim 1, wherein, The aviation gasoline composition further comprises an antioxidant, the mass content of the antioxidant in the aviation gasoline composition is 2-15 mg / L, and the antioxidant is selected from at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol.

7. A method of making an aviation gasoline containing a biobased component, comprising: The alkylate gasoline, isopentane, C7-C9 type aromatics and 2,5-dimethylfuran are uniformly mixed to form an aviation gasoline composition, and the addition amount of the alkylate gasoline, C7-C9 aromatics, 2,5-dimethylfuran and isopentane in the composition is 50-84%, 3-18 wt%, 10-30 wt% and 3-15 wt% respectively based on the total mass of the composition.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The addition amount of the alkylate gasoline, C7-C9 aromatics, 2,5-dimethylfuran and isopentane in the composition is 55-75%, 5-15 wt%, 15-25 wt% and 5-12 wt% respectively based on the total mass of the composition.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of forming the first and second layers is performed by a method selected from the group consisting of sputtering, evaporation, and chemical vapor deposition. The method comprises the following steps: (1) 2,5-dimethylfuran, aromatics, alkylate gasoline and isopentane are sequentially added into a container in the order of increasing boiling point to form a first mixture; (2) an antioxidant with a concentration of 2-15 mg / L is added into the first mixture to obtain the aviation gasoline containing bio-based components.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, The alkylate gasoline comprises the following components: C4 alkanes, no more than 3 wt%; C5 isoparaffins, 3-12 wt%; C6-C7 isoparaffins, 8-18 wt% in total; C8 isoparaffins, 70-89 wt%; C9-C12 isoparaffins, no more than 3 wt%.

11. The method of making according to claim 7, wherein, The alkylated gasoline contains, based on the total mass, the following components: a C4 alkane content of not more than 2 wt%; a C5 isomeric alkane content of 5-10 wt%; a total C6-C7 isomeric alkane content of 10-15 wt%; a C8 isomeric alkane content of 75-85 wt%; a total C9-C12 isomeric alkane content of not more than 2 wt%. The alkylated gasoline contains, based on the total mass, the following components: a C4 alkane content of not more than 2 wt%; a C5 isomeric alkane content of 5-10 wt%; a total C6-C7 isomeric alkane content of 10-15 wt%; a C8 isomeric alkane content of 75-85 wt%; a total C9-C12 isomeric alkane content of not more than 2 wt%. The alkylated gasoline contains, based on the total mass, the

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