Device and method for preheating scrap steel by using Fresnel lens array

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for preheating scrap steel through a Fresnel lens array, and belongs to the field of steelmaking. The device comprises a three-dimensional adjusting mechanism, a cleaning protection mechanism is installed on the surface of the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism, and a preheating mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism; the preheating mechanism comprises a supporting frame mounted on the upper surface of the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism, a guide ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the supporting frame, and a mounting frame corresponding to the supporting frame is rotationally connected to the interior of the guide ring; through cooperative use of the devices, the sun position calculation module calculates the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the sun in real time according to data of the sensor, sends an instruction to the PLC control cabinet, controls the stepping motor and the servo motor, independently adjusts the angle of the Fresnel lens body array or integrally adjusts the angle of the Fresnel lens body array. The focusing precision of the lens array reaches the millimeter level, the angle control precision does not exceed 0.1 degree, and the lens array can adapt to sunlight change and quickly respond.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steelmaking technology, specifically to a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array. Background Technology

[0002] Scrap steel is an important raw material in the metallurgical industry, especially in the steelmaking process. Preheating scrap steel can significantly reduce energy consumption in the furnace smelting process, improve smelting efficiency, and significantly reduce carbon emissions in the steelmaking process. Currently, widely used scrap steel preheating methods include gas heating, flue gas heating, resistance heating, and inductive heating.

[0003] In recent years, solar focusing heating technology, represented by tower solar thermal power generation, has matured and has been widely used in the field of clean energy power generation, demonstrating efficient, stable and controllable energy conversion effects. This technology can generate high temperatures by precisely focusing solar energy through large-scale mirror arrays, achieving efficient energy storage and utilization, and has achieved significant economic and environmental benefits in many solar power generation projects.

[0004] An investigation revealed that a Chinese invention patent (publication number: CN110423860B) discloses a scrap steel preheating furnace, comprising: a supporting steel frame on which a feeding station, a heating station, and a discharging station are sequentially formed; multiple scrap steel hoppers arranged side-by-side on top of the supporting steel frame for loading scrap steel; a flue gas circulation device located below the supporting steel frame for supplying high-temperature flue gas from the bottom to the scrap steel hoppers; a hopper driving device for driving the scrap steel hoppers from the feeding station to the discharging station; and a top-firing device for supplying open flame heat to the scrap steel hoppers from the top. This scrap steel preheating furnace can supply heat to the scrap steel hoppers from both the top and bottom, providing the advantage of uniform heating.

[0005] Although the aforementioned patents can provide high-temperature flue gas to the scrap hopper from the bottom and open flame from the top to the scrap hopper through the design of structures such as flue gas circulation devices, which has the advantage of uniform heating, the preheating of scrap steel requires the use of more traditional methods such as gas heating, flue gas heating, resistance heating, and inductive heating. However, although these traditional methods are relatively mature in technology, they generally have high energy consumption and economic costs, and inevitably generate a large amount of greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions in practical applications, which is in obvious conflict with the increasingly stringent environmental protection and energy conservation requirements.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved This invention provides an apparatus and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, comprising a three-dimensional adjustment mechanism, wherein a cleaning and protection mechanism is installed on the surface of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism, and a preheating mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism; The preheating mechanism includes a support frame mounted on the upper surface of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism. A guide ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame. A mounting frame corresponding to the support frame is rotatably connected inside the guide ring. A mounting frame is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting frame. Fresnel lens bodies are mounted in a rectangular array on the surface of the mounting frame. A rotating rod that is rotatably connected to the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the surface of several Fresnel lens bodies. One end of the rotating rod passes through the mounting frame and is fixedly connected to a servo motor that is fixedly connected to the mounting frame.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the preheating mechanism further includes a rotating roller fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting frame, one end of the rotating roller being fixedly connected to a stepper motor fixedly connected to a guide ring, and the interior of the mounting frame having reinforcing ribs fixedly connected to the rotating roller in a path array.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the Fresnel lens body is made of quartz glass and coated with a nano-level dustproof and self-cleaning coating to improve light transmittance and reduce dust adhesion. An automatic solar tracking system is installed at each of the four corners of the upper surface of the mounting frame. The automatic solar tracking system consists of multiple sets of photosensitive sensors and a solar position calculation module.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism includes a support base, on the upper surface of which a backup power supply and a PLC control cabinet are fixedly connected. The stepper motor, servo motor, photosensitive sensor and solar position calculation module are all connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism further includes guide plates fixedly connected to the surface of the support base in a path array. The support frame is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide plates. A threaded rod is rotatably connected inside one of the guide plates through a bearing seat. One end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to a DC motor fixedly connected to the guide plate. A lateral adjustment mechanism is installed on the surface of several guide plates.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the lateral adjustment mechanism includes two lateral plates that are slidably connected to a plurality of guide plates and threadedly connected to a threaded rod. A lead screw is rotatably connected inside one of the lateral plates, and a drive motor that is fixedly connected to the lateral plate is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw. Sliding blocks that are threadedly connected to the lead screw are slidably connected inside the two lateral plates.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the lateral adjustment mechanism includes a plug block that is slidably inserted into the sliding block, a scrap steel trough corresponding to the Fresnel lens body that is fixedly connected to the surface of several plug blocks, an infrared thermometer corresponding to the scrap steel trough that is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of another lateral plate, and a mounting plate corresponding to the scrap steel trough that is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two lateral plates, and an electric push rod that is fixedly connected to the scrap steel trough that is arranged in a path array on the upper surface of the mounting plate.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the cleaning and protection mechanism includes a heat storage box and a protective box that are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the support frame. The surfaces of the heat storage box and the protective box are both fixedly connected to an air pump that is connected to the external environment. One side of the protective box is fixedly connected to an elastic tube in a path array. One end of the elastic tube is fixedly connected to a nozzle corresponding to the Fresnel lens body. The surfaces of several elastic tubes are jointly fixedly connected to a bracket that is fixedly connected to the Fresnel lens body. The interiors of the heat storage box and the protective box are jointly fixedly connected to a Peltier semiconductor module in a path array.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the cleaning and protection mechanism further includes a hollow tube fixedly connected to one side of the heat storage box in a path array. The hollow tube is slidably connected to a conduit communicating with the heat storage box. One end of the conduit is fixedly connected to a jet nozzle corresponding to the scrap steel trough. The surfaces of several conduits are jointly fixedly connected to a support frame fixedly connected to the scrap steel trough. The lower surface of the heat storage box is fixedly connected in a path array to an identification camera connected to the PLC control cabinet.

[0017] A method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, applicable to any of the aforementioned apparatuses for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, comprises the following specific steps: S1: Based on multiple sets of photosensitive sensors and a solar position calculation module, the solar azimuth and altitude angles are calculated in real time and the data is transmitted to the PLC control cabinet. The PLC control cabinet controls the servo motor and stepper motor to make the rotating roller and rotating rod rotate, thereby adjusting the overall angle of the Fresnel lens array and the angle of the individual Fresnel lens body, and controlling the focusing accuracy of the Fresnel lens body. S2: Based on the angle adjustment of the Fresnel lens body, start the DC motor and drive motor, control the rotation of the threaded rod and lead screw, change the position of the scrap steel hopper according to the angle adjustment of the Fresnel lens body, and adjust the height of the scrap steel hopper by using the electric push rod and the mounting plate. S3: While using the Fresnel lens body to preheat the scrap steel inside the scrap steel hopper, the corresponding air pump delivers the hot air generated during the preheating process to the heat storage box, and the Peltier semiconductor module is activated so that its hot end heats the air inside the heat storage box, and then delivers it to the scrap steel hopper through the duct and the jet head to further preheat the scrap steel inside the scrap steel hopper. S4: Before and after using the Fresnel lens body, start the corresponding air pump to allow outside air to enter the protective box and spray the airflow onto the surface of the Fresnel lens body through the elastic tube and nozzle to clean the dust attached to its surface. S5: Based on the real-time monitoring of the scrap steel preheating process by the recognition camera, when a moving object is detected entering the preheating range, the Peltier semiconductor module is activated and the air pump is started. While cooling the air inside the protective box, the cooling gas is delivered to the area below the Fresnel lens body to form an air curtain, which isolates the heat focused by the Fresnel lens body and quickly adjusts the angle of the Fresnel lens body to rapidly reduce the temperature in the preheating range.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects Based on the cooperation between the preheating mechanism and the automatic solar tracking system, the solar position calculation module calculates the solar azimuth and elevation angles in real time according to sensor data and sends the instructions to the PLC control cabinet, which controls the stepper motor and servo motor to adjust the angle of the Fresnel lens body individually or as a whole, so that the focusing accuracy of the lens array reaches the millimeter level and the angle control accuracy does not exceed 0.1°. It can adapt to changes in sunlight and respond quickly, realize automatic real-time tracking of the sun's position and dynamically adjust the position of the lens array, which facilitates the subsequent preheating of scrap steel by the Fresnel lens body, thereby reducing the waste gas and energy generated by traditional scrap steel preheating methods. Based on the structure of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism and the lateral adjustment mechanism, while adjusting the angle of the Fresnel lens body, a DC motor or drive motor is started, so that the output end of the two drives the threaded rod or lead screw to rotate, adjusting the position of the lateral plate or scrap steel trough. This allows the scrap steel trough to move precisely in two directions, ensuring that the surface of the scrap steel is always in the focal point area and that the scrap steel in the trough is heated evenly. While the temperature of the scrap steel is monitored in real time by an infrared thermometer, the angle of the Fresnel lens body is changed through the PLC control cabinet to adjust the preheating temperature of the scrap steel, ensuring the stability of the heating process and avoiding excessive preheating temperature of the scrap steel. Based on the setup of the cleaning and protection mechanism and other structures, during the preheating of scrap steel by the Fresnel lens body, the corresponding air pump is activated to transfer the residual heat from the preheating process to the heat storage box. At the same time, the Peltier semiconductor module is activated so that its hot end further heats the air inside the heat storage box. The hot air is then sprayed into the scrap steel trough through ducts and jet nozzles to preheat the scrap steel inside the trough. This process recovers and utilizes the dissipated heat, improving the preheating efficiency of scrap steel while reducing the waste of solar energy. Based on the setup of the cleaning and protection mechanism and other structures, and based on the identification camera to identify objects within the scrap steel preheating range, when a moving object enters the scrap steel preheating range, the PLC control cabinet adjusts the position of the Fresnel lens body and starts the air pump corresponding to the protection box. The gas cooled by the Peltier semiconductor module is delivered through the elastic tube and nozzle to the area below the Fresnel lens body, forming an air curtain below it. This isolates the heat generated by the Fresnel lens, rapidly reduces the temperature within the preheating range, and improves the safety of the scrap steel preheating process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array. Figure 2 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism and the preheating mechanism in a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the preheating mechanism in a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism in a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scrap steel trough, transverse plate, and guide plate in a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning and protection mechanism in a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the identification camera, heat storage box, and protective box in a device and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array.

[0020] In the picture: Three-dimensional adjustment mechanism; 101. Support base; 102. Backup power supply; 103. PLC control cabinet; 104. Guide plate; 105. Threaded rod; 106. DC motor; Cleaning and protection mechanism; 201. Thermal storage box; 202. Protective box; 203. Air pump; 204. Flexible tube; 205. Hollow tube; 206. Conduit; 207. Identification camera; 208. Peltier semiconductor module; Preheating mechanism; 301, support frame; 302, guide ring; 303, mounting frame; 304, rotating roller; 305, stepper motor; 306, mounting frame; 307, Fresnel lens body; 308, rotating rod; 309, servo motor; 310, reinforcing rib; Lateral adjustment mechanism; 401, lateral plate; 402, lead screw; 403, drive motor; 404, sliding block; 405, plug-in block; 406, scrap steel trough; 407, infrared thermometer; 408, mounting plate; 5. Automatic solar tracking system. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] This invention provides an apparatus and method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, referring to... Figures 1-8 As shown, three embodiments are provided: Example 1: The device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array includes a three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 1, a cleaning and protection mechanism 2 installed on the surface of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 1, and a preheating mechanism 3 installed on the upper surface of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 1. The preheating mechanism 3 includes a support frame 301 mounted on the upper surface of the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 1. A guide ring 302 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support frame 301. A mounting frame 303 corresponding to the support frame 301 is rotatably connected inside the guide ring 302. A mounting frame 306 is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting frame 303. Fresnel lens bodies 307 are mounted in a rectangular array on the surface of the mounting frame 306. A rotating rod 308 rotatably connected to the mounting frame 306 is fixedly connected to the surface of several Fresnel lens bodies 307. One end of the rotating rod 308 passes through the mounting frame 306 and is fixedly connected to a servo motor 309 fixedly connected to the mounting frame 306. Among them, the support frame 301 and the guide ring 302 are used to support and guide the mounting frame 303 and the mounting frame 306; Among them, the mounting bracket 303 and the mounting frame 306 are used for array mounting of Fresnel lens body 307; Among them, the Fresnel lens body 307 is used to focus sunlight to form high temperature; Among them, the rotating rod 308 and the servo motor 309 are used to adjust the angle of the corresponding Fresnel lens body 307; The Fresnel lens body 307 array is composed of multiple unit lenses, preferably no less than 10; the area of ​​each unit lens is preferably 1 to 3 square meters, and the focal length is preferably set in the range of 5 to 15 m to ensure sufficient light-gathering area and heat flux density. The preheating mechanism 3 also includes a rotating roller 304 fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting frame 303. One end of the rotating roller 304 is fixedly connected to a stepper motor 305 fixedly connected to the guide ring 302. The interior of the mounting frame 303 is fixedly connected to a path array of reinforcing ribs 310 fixedly connected to the rotating roller 304. Among them, the rotating roller 304 and the stepper motor 305 are used to adjust the angle of the mounting frame 306 and the Fresnel lens body 307 array; Among them, the reinforcing rib 310 is used to improve the strength of the mounting bracket 303; The Fresnel lens body 307 is made of quartz glass and is coated with a nano-level dustproof and self-cleaning coating to improve light transmittance and reduce dust adhesion. An automatic sun tracking system 5 is installed at each of the four corners of the upper surface of the mounting frame 306. The automatic sun tracking system 5 consists of multiple photosensitive sensors and a sun position calculation module. Among them, the quartz glass is resistant to high temperature, and the nano-level dustproof self-cleaning coating works together with the quartz glass to improve light transmittance and reduce the optical performance degradation caused by dust adhesion. Among them, the solar position calculation module calculates the solar azimuth and altitude angles in real time based on sensor data; Specifically, based on the real-time calculation of the sun's azimuth and altitude angles by the automatic sun tracking system 5, the stepper motor 305 is activated, causing the rotating roller 304 to rotate. This, in turn, causes the mounting bracket 303 to rotate the Fresnel lens array 307, adjusting the overall angle of the Fresnel lens array 307. Simultaneously, the servo motor 309 is controlled by the PLC control cabinet 103 to rotate the corresponding Fresnel lens 307, further adjusting the angle of some Fresnel lens 307. This ensures that the focusing accuracy of the lens array reaches the millimeter level, with an angle control accuracy not exceeding 0.1°. This allows for rapid response to changes in sunlight, enabling automatic real-time tracking of the sun's position and dynamic adjustment of the lens array position.

[0023] In Example 2, based on Example 1, the three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 1 further includes a support base 101. A backup power supply 102 and a PLC control cabinet 103 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support base 101. The stepper motor 305, the servo motor 309, the photosensitive sensor, and the solar position calculation module are all connected to the PLC control cabinet 103. The support base 101 is used to support the entire device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array; Among them, the backup power supply 102 and the PLC control cabinet 103 are used to control the air pump 203 corresponding to the heat storage box 201; Specifically, when using the device at night or on rainy days, the backup power supply 102 powers the air pump 203 and the Peltier semiconductor module 208, which delivers air from the external environment to the heat storage box 201 and heats the air through the hot end of the Peltier semiconductor module 208. The heated air is then delivered to the scrap steel hopper 406 via the air pump 203 and the conduit 206, thus avoiding interruption of preheating due to backup system failure and affecting the continuity of the steelmaking process. The three-dimensional adjustment mechanism 1 also includes guide plates 104 fixedly connected to the surface of the support base 101 in a path array, and support frame 301 fixedly connected to the surface of guide plates 104. A threaded rod 105 is rotatably connected inside one of the guide plates 104 through a bearing seat. One end of the threaded rod 105 is fixedly connected to a DC motor 106 fixedly connected to the guide plate 104. A transverse adjustment mechanism 4 is installed on the surface of several guide plates 104. Among them, the guide plate 104, the DC motor 106 and the threaded rod 105 are used to drive the scrap steel trough 406 to move horizontally; The lateral adjustment mechanism 4 includes two lateral plates 401 that are slidably connected to a plurality of guide plates 104 and threadedly connected to a threaded rod 105. A lead screw 402 is rotatably connected inside one of the lateral plates 401. A drive motor 403 that is fixedly connected to the lateral plate 401 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 402. Sliding blocks 404 that are threadedly connected to the lead screw 402 are slidably connected inside both lateral plates 401. Among them, the horizontal plate 401, the lead screw 402 and the drive motor 403 are used to drive the scrap steel hopper 406 to move vertically. The sliding block 404 is used to connect with the plug-in block 405; The lateral adjustment mechanism 4 includes a plug block 405 that is slidably inserted into the sliding block 404. Several plug blocks 405 are fixedly connected to a scrap steel trough 406 corresponding to the Fresnel lens body 307. An infrared thermometer 407 corresponding to the scrap steel trough 406 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of another lateral plate 401. An mounting plate 408 corresponding to the scrap steel trough 406 is fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two lateral plates 401. An electric push rod fixedly connected to the scrap steel trough 406 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate 408 in a path array. The plug-in block 405 is used to limit the movement of the scrap steel trough 406; Among them, scrap steel hopper 406 is used to place scrap steel; Among them, the infrared thermometer 407 is used to monitor the temperature of scrap steel in real time during the preheating process; the mounting plate 408 and the electric push rod are used to adjust the height of the scrap steel hopper 406; Specifically, the scrap steel hopper 406 and the plug block 405 are plugged into the sliding block 404, and scrap steel is placed in the scrap steel hopper 406. Based on the calculation results of the automatic solar tracking system 5, the DC motor 106 is started, and its output end drives the threaded rod 105 to rotate, thereby causing the guide plate 104 to move and driving the scrap steel hopper 406 to move in the horizontal direction. Start the drive motor 403, so that its output end drives the lead screw 402 to rotate, which drives the sliding block 404, the plug block 405 and the scrap steel trough 406 to slide on the surface of the horizontal plate 401. Adjust the position of the scrap steel trough 406 in the left and right vertical directions so that the surface of the scrap steel is always in the focal point area and the scrap steel in the scrap steel trough 406 is heated evenly. While the infrared thermometer 407 monitors the temperature of the scrap steel in real time, the angle of the Fresnel lens body 307 is changed through the PLC control cabinet 103 to adjust the preheating temperature of the scrap steel, ensuring the stability of the heating process and avoiding excessive preheating temperature of the scrap steel. The infrared thermometer 407 is preferably designed with a temperature measurement accuracy of ±20ºC to meet the temperature monitoring requirements in high-temperature environments and ensure the stability of the heating process. The target temperature range for preheating scrap steel is preferably set to 300–600ºC. The concentration intensity is automatically adjusted according to the real-time temperature to ensure that the temperature is quickly reached and stably maintained within the target range.

[0024] In Example 3, based on Examples 1 and 2, the cleaning and protection mechanism 2 further includes a heat storage box 201 and a protection box 202 that are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the upper surface of the support frame 301. The surfaces of the heat storage box 201 and the protection box 202 are both fixedly connected to an air pump 203 that communicates with the external environment. One side of the protection box 202 is fixedly connected to an elastic tube 204 in a path array. One end of the elastic tube 204 is fixedly connected to a nozzle corresponding to the Fresnel lens body 307. The surfaces of several elastic tubes 204 are jointly fixedly connected to a bracket that is fixedly connected to the Fresnel lens body 307. The interiors of the heat storage box 201 and the protection box 202 are jointly fixedly connected to a Peltier semiconductor module 208 in a path array. Among them, the heat storage box 201 is used to store hot air, and the protective box 202 is used to store cold air; Among them, the air pump 203 is used to deliver outside air to the heat storage box 201 or the protective box 202; Among them, the elastic tube 204 is used to transport cold air while preventing the nozzle from shifting when the Fresnel lens body 307 is adjusted, thus affecting the realization of subsequent functions. Among them, the Peltier semiconductor module 208 is used to heat the air in the thermal storage box 201 and cool the air in the protective box 202; The cleaning and protection mechanism 2 also includes a hollow tube 205 fixedly connected to one side of the heat storage box 201 in a path array. The hollow tube 205 has a slidably connected conduit 206 connected to the heat storage box 201. One end of the conduit 206 is fixedly connected to a jet nozzle corresponding to the scrap steel trough 406. The surfaces of several conduits 206 are fixedly connected to a support frame fixedly connected to the scrap steel trough 406. The lower surface of the heat storage box 201 is fixedly connected to an identification camera 207 connected to the PLC control cabinet 103 in a path array. Among them, the hollow tube 205 and the conduit 206 are used to transport the air in the heat storage box 201 to the scrap steel hopper 406; Among them, the identification camera 207 is used to identify objects in the preheating range of scrap steel; Specifically, during the preheating of scrap steel by the Fresnel lens body 307, the corresponding air pump 203 is activated to transfer the residual heat from the preheating process to the heat storage box 201. At the same time, the Peltier semiconductor module 208 is activated so that its hot end further heats the air inside the heat storage box 201. The hot air is then sprayed into the scrap steel trough 406 through the duct 206 and the jet nozzle to preheat the scrap steel inside the scrap steel trough 406, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of the dissipated heat. Based on the identification camera 207, objects within the scrap steel preheating range are identified. When a moving object enters the scrap steel preheating range, the PLC control cabinet 103 adjusts the position of the Fresnel lens body 307 and simultaneously starts the air pump 203 corresponding to the protective box 202. The gas cooled by the Peltier semiconductor module 208 is delivered through the elastic tube 204 and the nozzle to the area below the Fresnel lens body 307, forming an air curtain below it. This air curtain isolates the heat generated by the Fresnel lens, rapidly reduces the temperature within the preheating range, and improves the safety of the scrap steel preheating process.

[0025] A method for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, applicable to any of the aforementioned apparatuses for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, includes the following specific steps: S1: Based on multiple sets of photosensitive sensors and the solar position calculation module, the solar azimuth and altitude angles are calculated in real time and the data is transmitted to the PLC control cabinet 103. The PLC control cabinet 103 controls the servo motor 309 and the stepper motor 305 to make the rotating roller 304 and the rotating rod 308 rotate, thereby adjusting the overall angle of the Fresnel lens body 307 array and the angle of the individual Fresnel lens body 307, and controlling the focusing accuracy of the Fresnel lens body 307. S2: Based on the angle adjustment of the Fresnel lens body 307, start the DC motor 106 and drive motor 403, control the screw rod 105 and lead screw 402 to rotate, change the position of the scrap steel hopper 406 according to the angle adjustment of the Fresnel lens body 307, and adjust the height of the scrap steel hopper 406 by using the electric push rod and the mounting plate 408. S3: While the Fresnel lens body 307 preheats the scrap steel inside the scrap steel hopper 406, the corresponding air pump 203 delivers the hot air generated during the preheating process to the heat storage box 201, and the Peltier semiconductor module 208 is activated so that its hot end heats the air inside the heat storage box 201, and then delivers it to the scrap steel hopper 406 through the duct 206 and the jet head to further preheat the scrap steel inside the scrap steel hopper 406; S4: Before and after using the Fresnel lens body 307, start the corresponding air pump 203 to allow external air to enter the protective box 202 and spray the airflow to the surface of the Fresnel lens body 307 through the elastic tube 204 and the nozzle to clean the dust attached to its surface. S5: Based on the real-time monitoring of the scrap steel preheating process by the recognition camera 207, when a moving object is detected entering the preheating range, the Peltier semiconductor module 208 is activated, and the air pump 203 is activated at the same time. While cooling the air inside the protective box 202, the cooling gas is delivered to the area below the Fresnel lens body 307 to form an air curtain, which isolates the heat focused by the Fresnel lens body 307, and quickly adjusts the angle of the Fresnel lens body 307 to rapidly reduce the temperature in the preheating range.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array, characterized by, Including three -dimensional adjusting mechanism (1), the surface of three -dimensional adjusting mechanism (1) is mounted with cleaning protection mechanism (2), the upper surface of three -dimensional adjusting mechanism (1) is mounted with preheating mechanism (3); The preheating mechanism (3) includes a support frame (301) mounted on the upper surface of the three-dimensional adjusting mechanism (1), the surface of the support frame (301) is fixedly connected with a guide ring (302), the inside of the guide ring (302) is rotatably connected with a mounting frame (303) corresponding to the support frame (301), the surface of the mounting frame (303) is fixedly connected with a mounting frame (306), the surface of the mounting frame (306) is installed in a rectangular array with a Fresnel lens body (307), the surfaces of a plurality of Fresnel lens bodies (307) are respectively fixedly connected with a rotating rod (308) rotatably connected with the mounting frame (306), one end of the rotating rod (308) penetrates the mounting frame (306) and is fixedly connected with a servo motor (309) fixedly connected with the mounting frame (306).

2. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating mechanism (3) further includes a rotating roller (304) fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting frame (303), one end of the rotating roller (304) is fixedly connected with a stepping motor (305) fixedly connected with the guide ring (302), the inside of the mounting frame (303) is fixedly connected with a reinforcing rib (310) fixedly connected with the rotating roller (304).

3. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material of the Fresnel lens body (307) is quartz glass, and a nano dust self-cleaning coating is sprayed on the surface to improve the light transmittance and reduce dust adhesion, an automatic sun tracking system (5) is installed at the four corners of the upper surface of the mounting frame (306), the automatic sun tracking system (5) is composed of multiple groups of photosensitive sensors and a sun position calculation module.

4. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 3, characterized in that, The three-dimensional adjusting mechanism (1) includes a support seat (101), the upper surface of the support seat (101) is fixedly connected with a backup power supply (102) and a PLC control cabinet (103), the stepping motor (305), the servo motor (309), the photosensitive sensor and the sun position calculation module are connected with the PLC control cabinet (103).

5. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional adjusting mechanism (1) further includes a guide plate (104) fixedly connected to the surface of the support seat (101) in a path array, the support frame (301) is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide plate (104), one of the guide plates (104) is rotatably connected with a threaded rod (105) through a bearing seat, one end of the threaded rod (105) is fixedly connected with a DC motor (106) fixedly connected with the guide plate (104), and the surfaces of a plurality of guide plates (104) are jointly installed with a horizontal adjusting mechanism (4).

6. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transverse adjusting mechanism (4) includes two transverse plates (401) which are slidingly connected to the guide plates (104) and are in threaded connection with threaded rods (105), one of the transverse plates (401) is internally rotatably connected with a lead screw (402), one end of the lead screw (402) is fixedly connected with a driving motor (403) fixedly connected with the transverse plate (401), the interiors of the two transverse plates (401) are slidingly connected with sliding blocks (404) in threaded connection with the lead screw (402).

7. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transverse adjusting mechanism (4) includes a plug-in block (405) slidingly plugged into the interior of the sliding block (404), the surfaces of a plurality of the plug-in blocks (405) are commonly fixedly connected with scrap steel grooves (406) corresponding to the Fresnel lens body (307), one side of the upper surface of the other transverse plate (401) is fixedly connected with an infrared temperature measuring instrument (407) corresponding to the scrap steel grooves (406), the opposite sides of the two transverse plates (401) are commonly fixedly connected with mounting plates (408) corresponding to the scrap steel grooves (406), the upper surface of the mounting plate (408) is fixedly connected in an array of paths with electric push rods fixedly connected with the scrap steel grooves (406).

8. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cleaning protection mechanism (2) includes heat storage boxes (201) and protection boxes (202) fixedly connected in a symmetrical manner on one side of the upper surface of the support frame (301), the surfaces of the heat storage boxes (201) and the protection boxes (202) are fixedly connected with air pumps (203) in communication with the external environment, one side of the protection box (202) is fixedly connected in an array of paths with elastic tubes (204), one end of the elastic tube (204) is fixedly connected with a spray head corresponding to the Fresnel lens body (307), the surfaces of a plurality of the elastic tubes (204) are commonly fixedly connected with supports fixedly connected with the Fresnel lens body (307), the interiors of the heat storage boxes (201) and the protection boxes (202) are commonly fixedly connected in an array of paths with Peltier semiconductor modules (208).

9. A device for preheating scrap steel using a Fresnel lens array according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cleaning protection mechanism (2) further includes hollow tubes (205) fixedly connected in an array of paths on one side of the heat storage box (201), the interiors of the hollow tubes (205) are slidingly connected with conduits (206) in communication with the heat storage box (201), one end of the conduit (206) is fixedly connected with a jet head corresponding to the scrap steel grooves (406), the surfaces of a plurality of the conduits (206) are commonly fixedly connected with bearing frames fixedly connected with the scrap steel grooves (406), the lower surface of the heat storage box (201) is fixedly connected in an array of paths with identification cameras (207) connected with the PLC control cabinet (103).

10. A method for using the device for scrap steel preheating with a Fresnel lens array, applied to the device for scrap steel preheating with a Fresnel lens array according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The following specific steps are included: S1: Based on multiple groups of light-sensitive sensors, solar position calculation module, real-time calculation of solar azimuth and altitude angle, and data transmission to PLC control cabinet (103), using PLC control cabinet (103) to control servo motor (309) and stepper motor (305), so that rotating roller (304) and rotating rod (308) rotate, adjust the angle of the array of Fresnel lens body (307) and the angle of individual Fresnel lens body (307), control the focusing accuracy of Fresnel lens body (307); S2: Based on the angle adjustment of Fresnel lens body (307), start the DC motor (106) and drive motor (403), control the rotation of threaded rod (105) and lead screw (402), change the position of scrap steel hopper (406) according to the angle adjustment of Fresnel lens body (307), and adjust the height of scrap steel hopper (406) by using the setting of electric push rod and mounting plate (408); S3: While using Fresnel lens body (307) to preheat scrap steel in scrap steel hopper (406), based on corresponding air pump (203) to transport hot air generated during preheating process into heat storage tank (201), and start Peltier semiconductor module (208), so that its hot end heats the air inside heat storage tank (201), then through conduit (206) and jet head to be transported into scrap steel hopper (406), to further preheat scrap steel in scrap steel hopper (406); S4: Before and after using Fresnel lens body (307), start the corresponding air pump (203) to make the external air enter the inside of the protection box (202), and through the elastic pipe (204) and the nozzle to spray the air flow to the surface of the Fresnel lens body (307), to clean the dust attached to its surface; S5: Based on the real-time monitoring of scrap steel preheating process by recognition camera (207), when detecting that a moving object enters the preheating range, start Peltier semiconductor module (208) and air pump (203) at the same time, cool the air inside protection box (202) while delivering cooling gas to the bottom of Fresnel lens body (307) to form a wind curtain, isolate the heat focused by Fresnel lens body (307), and quickly adjust the angle of Fresnel lens body (307) to rapidly reduce the temperature in the preheating range.

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