Integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment and control method

Abstract

An integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading device disclosed by the present invention comprises an equipment cabinet, a test press machine, a guide mechanism and a heat dissipation device, the test press machine is arranged in the equipment cabinet, the test press machine is of a closed structure, and the test press machine comprises a press machine frame, a lifting frame and a probe module; the guide mechanism is arranged between the press frame and the lifting frame; the heat dissipation device comprises a condenser, a heat dissipation fan module and a guide fan module, the condenser is arranged on the side edge of the equipment cabinet, the heat dissipation fan module is arranged along the circumferential surface of the probe module, and the guide fan module is arranged on the lifting frame; wherein the guide fan module blows out cold air cooled by the condenser upwards, the heat dissipation fan module draws back hot air flowing through the battery, and the condenser, the heat dissipation fan module and the guide fan module are sequentially connected to form a closed circulating air duct in the test press.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery capacity grading equipment, in particular to an integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium ion batteries, especially cylindrical lithium batteries, as key energy storage components, have been widely used in new energy vehicles, consumer electronics and energy storage systems, etc. In the production process of lithium batteries, formation and capacity grading is the core process that determines the final electrochemical performance, consistency and safety. The capacity grading equipment tests and selects qualified battery cells through accurate charging and discharging cycles. With the rapid development of battery technology, the market has higher requirements for the integration, automation level and temperature control accuracy of the capacity grading equipment.

[0003] The existing cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment has many shortcomings in structure layout, mechanical design and heat dissipation mode, which is difficult to meet the modern production needs: in terms of structure layout, the traditional capacity grading equipment usually adopts a split design, i.e. the power cabinet, test press, cooling system, etc. are independent units. This scattered layout not only occupies a large area of the production workshop, but also requires long cables and pipelines to connect between units, resulting in complex on-site installation and debugging, high production cost, and inconvenient maintenance. The conventional capacity grading equipment is mainly designed for traditional cylindrical batteries with positive and negative electrodes located at both ends of the battery, and its pressing mechanism usually includes two sets of probe modules. However, with the innovation of battery technology, new cylindrical batteries with positive and negative electrodes on the same end surface (such as 4680 batteries) have appeared, and the traditional double-sided pressing structure is no longer applicable or too redundant and complex, which cannot meet the needs of efficient and stable testing of such new batteries. In terms of heat dissipation performance, a large amount of heat is generated during the charging and discharging of the battery, and the uniformity of the temperature directly affects the consistency of the capacity grading results. Many existing devices use open air cooling for heat dissipation, directly cooling from the workshop, and directly discharging hot air into the workshop. When multiple devices are densely arranged, hot air backflow phenomenon is easy to occur, resulting in a sharp decline in the heat dissipation performance of the device and extreme instability, causing a large temperature difference inside the battery tray, affecting the battery yield, and even causing safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an integrated capacity grading equipment with compact structure, capable of adapting to new same-side pole battery, and having efficient and stable heat dissipation system. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the technical defects of large floor area and poor heat dissipation effect in the prior art, the present application provides an integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present application is implemented according to the following technical scheme:

[0007] The first aspect of the present application provides a one-piece cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading device, comprising a device cabinet, comprising:

[0008] a test press, the test press is arranged in the device cabinet, the test press comprises a press frame, a lifting frame and a probe module, the probe module is arranged at the upper end inside the press frame, the lifting frame is arranged at the lower end of the probe module, there is a containing space between the lifting frame and the probe module for accommodating a battery tray, the battery tray is loaded with a plurality of cylindrical lithium batteries, the positive and negative poles of the cylindrical lithium batteries are directed to the probe module;

[0009] a guide mechanism, the guide mechanism is arranged between the press frame and the lifting frame, the guide mechanism comprises a guide column and a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved on the guide column, the sleeve is mounted on the lifting frame, and the lifting frame is guided and lifted along the axial length direction of the guide column;

[0010] a heat dissipation device, the heat dissipation device comprises a condenser, a heat dissipation fan module and a guide fan module, the condenser is arranged at the side of the device cabinet, the heat dissipation fan module is arranged along the peripheral surface of the probe module, and the guide fan module is arranged on the lifting frame;

[0011] The guide fan module blows cold air cooled by the condenser upward, and the heat dissipation fan module draws back the hot air flowing through the battery.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, the test press further comprises:

[0013] a power device, the power device comprises a cylinder and a gas rod, the cylinder is connected with the press frame, the gas rod is connected with the lifting frame, and the cylinder drives the gas rod and the lifting frame to lift when the cylinder operates.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, the guide mechanism further comprises:

[0015] a limiting component, the limiting component comprises a limiting rod connected with the press frame and a limiting block connected with the lifting frame;

[0016] When the lifting frame rises, the limiting block abuts against the limiting rod and limits the lifting height of the lifting frame.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, the limiting mechanism further comprises:

[0018] a limiting sensor, the limiting sensor is arranged on the limiting block;

[0019] at least one U-shaped adjusting gasket, the adjusting gasket is arranged at the bottom of the limiting block;

[0020] When the lifting frame is raised, the limit sensor detects the position information of the limit rod before the limit block abuts against the limit rod and generates a signal.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, the lifting frame is further provided with a battery tray supporting assembly, which comprises a supporting plate and a guide plate.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, the heat dissipation fan module and the guide fan module are both speed-adjustable fans.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, the upper surface of the lifting frame is provided with a positioning pin.

[0024] When the lifting frame carries the battery tray, the positioning pin cooperates with the positioning hole in the bottom of the battery tray to position the battery tray.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, the control method further comprises:

[0026] A power supply module, which comprises a power source, a control layer, a DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer and a power distribution layer.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, the power distribution layer is connected with the power source, the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer is electrically connected with the power distribution layer, alternating current is converted into direct current, and the direct current required for charging and discharging of the probe module is provided, and the control layer is electrically connected with the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer to control the operation of the power device and the heat dissipation device.

[0028] The second aspect of the present application provides a control method of a capacity grading device, which comprises:

[0029] S1, placing a battery tray loaded with cylindrical lithium batteries on the lifting frame;

[0030] S2, starting the power device by the control layer to drive the lifting frame to be lifted upward along the guide mechanism;

[0031] S3, the lifting frame lifts the battery tray to a predetermined position, the limit sensor on the lifting frame detects the limit rod on the press frame and generates a signal, the power device stops driving, and the positive and negative poles of the cylindrical lithium battery are pressed and contacted with the probe module.

[0032] Step S4, start the power supply module to the cylindrical lithium battery for charging and discharging test, and start the heat dissipation device to the test press area for heat dissipation;

[0033] Step S5, after the test is completed, the power device drives the lifting frame to descend to the initial position.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0035] The cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment provided by the present application has integrated equipment structure, reduces land occupation and cost. The test press, the heat dissipation device and the power supply module are integrated in the same equipment cabinet. This design changes the traditional split type layout, reduces the overall land occupation of the equipment, saves the space of the production workshop, shortens the cable connection length between the functional units, simplifies the on-site installation and wiring work, and thus reduces the material and labor cost. The test press of the present application adopts the structure of upper probe module and lower lifting frame, which is specially adapted to the cylindrical lithium battery with positive and negative electrodes located at the same end. The pressing structure has strong applicability and stable contact. When the equipment works, the lifting frame is guided by the guide mechanism to move vertically upward, so that the battery stably contacts with the probe module. The structure design has a clear purpose, and compared with the traditional double-sided pressing mechanism, the mechanical structure is more simplified, and can meet the test requirements of the new type of battery. The condenser arranged at the side of the equipment cabinet and the fan module cooperating with the condenser construct a closed air circulation path in the equipment cabinet, internally circulate heat, and uniformly heat the battery. This design isolates the influence of the external workshop environment on the internal temperature field, avoids uneven heat dissipation caused by hot air backflow, and ensures that the working temperature of all batteries on the battery tray tends to be consistent, providing a prerequisite for obtaining accurate capacity grading test data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a test press of a cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a test press of a cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading equipment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5This is a flowchart of the capacity-dividing device control method of the present invention;

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 10-Equipment cabinet;

[0044] 20-Test press, 21-Press frame, 22-Lifting frame, 23-Probe module, 24-Battery tray, 25-Power unit, 251-Cylinder, 252-Air rod, 26-Battery tray support assembly, 261-Support plate, 262-Guide plate, 263-Bearing assembly, 27-Positioning pin;

[0045] 30-Guide mechanism, 31-Guide post, 32-Sleeve, 33-Limit assembly, 331-Limit rod, 332-Limit block, 333-Adjusting shim;

[0046] 40-Heat dissipation device, 41-Condenser, 42-Heat dissipation fan module, 43-Guide fan module;

[0047] 50-Power supply module, 51-Control layer, 52-DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer, 53-Power distribution layer. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0049] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides an integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity testing device, including a cabinet 10, comprising:

[0050] Test press 20 is located inside equipment cabinet 10. Test press 20 includes press frame 21, lifting frame 22 and probe module 23. Probe module 23 is located inside upper part of press frame 21 and lifting frame 22 is located below probe module 23. There is a space between lifting frame 22 and probe module 23 to accommodate battery tray 24. Battery tray 24 is loaded with multiple cylindrical lithium batteries with positive and negative terminals facing probe module 23.

[0051] The guide mechanism 30 is located between the press frame 21 and the lifting frame 22. The guide mechanism 30 includes a guide post 31 and a sleeve 32. The sleeve 32 is sleeved on the guide post 31 and installed on the lifting frame 22 to guide the lifting frame 22 and lift it along the axial length direction of the guide post 31.

[0052] The heat dissipation device 40 comprises a condenser 41, a heat dissipation fan module 42 and a guide fan module 43. The condenser 41 is arranged at the side of the equipment cabinet 10, the heat dissipation fan module 42 is arranged along the circumferential surface of the probe module 23, and the guide fan module 43 is arranged on the lifting frame 22.

[0053] The guide fan module 43 blows the cold air cooled by the condenser 41 upward, the heat dissipation fan module 42 draws back the hot air flowing through the battery, and the condenser 41, the heat dissipation fan module 42 and the guide fan module 43 are sequentially connected to form a closed circulation air duct in the test press 20.

[0054] In the present application, it is necessary to understand that the equipment integrates all functional components in one equipment cabinet 10 to form an integrated structure.

[0055] In the equipment cabinet 10, a test press 20 is arranged. The test press 20 is a mechanical main body for performing battery charge and discharge tests, and comprises a press frame 21 as a basic support. A probe module 23 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the press frame 21. The probe module 23 is designed to contact and test cylindrical lithium batteries with positive and negative electrodes at the same end.

[0056] A lifting frame 22 is arranged below the probe module 23. A containing space is formed between the lifting frame 22 and the probe module 23, and the space is used for placing a battery tray 24 loaded with a plurality of cylindrical lithium batteries. During equipment operation, the lifting frame 22 moves upward to lift the entire battery tray 24, so that the top of all batteries in the tray (i.e. the end where the positive and negative electrodes are located) contacts and establishes electrical connection with the probe module 23 above.

[0057] In the present embodiment, a preferred embodiment is that a plurality of sliding modules are arranged at the upper end of the press frame 21, the probe module 23 cooperates with the sliding modules, and the probe module 23 is designed in a modular manner and can be pulled out of the press frame 21.

[0058] The probe module 23 is designed as a modular structure that can be pulled out of the press frame 21, which is based on the comprehensive consideration of equipment maintainability, operation convenience and service life. The main advantages are as follows:

[0059] 1. Easy to maintain and repair: Each probe module 23 has a plurality of probe units, which are components that directly contact the battery and have a high frequency of use in the equipment, and are consumables. In the high-intensity production process, the probe units may be worn, contaminated or accidentally damaged. The pull-out design allows maintenance personnel to pull out the entire probe module 23 or one of the sub-modules for inspection, cleaning or repair without disassembling the entire press frame 21, which shortens the downtime of equipment failure and improves production efficiency.

[0060] 2. Quick replacement and compatibility: The modular pull-out design makes it possible for flexible production of the equipment. When it is necessary to test different models or different arrangements of batteries, the operator can quickly pull out the existing probe module 23 and replace it with another new probe module 23 that is compatible with it. This enables the same equipment to be compatible with the testing needs of multiple products, improving the utilization rate and scope of the equipment.

[0061] 3. Simplify calibration and debugging: The accuracy and state of the probe have a great relationship with whether the test results are accurate. After pulling out the probe module 23, it is placed on a special calibration platform for offline calibration and debugging, which has more operating space and is more convenient for using professional detection tools.

[0062] To ensure the stability of the lifting frame 22 during the up and down movement, the device also includes a guide mechanism 30. The guide mechanism 30 is arranged between the press bed frame 21 and the lifting frame 22, and is composed of a plurality of guide columns 31 fixed on the press bed frame 21 and a plurality of sleeves 32 installed on the lifting frame 22. The guide columns 31 are specifically installed at the four corners of the press bed frame 21. The guide columns 31 first act as support columns to support the press bed frame 21 and the lifting frame 22, and secondly act as guides. Each sleeve 32 is sleeved on the corresponding guide column 31, and the bottom of the sleeve 32 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the lifting frame 22. The sleeve 32 drives the lifting frame 22 to slide along the axial direction of the guide column 31, guiding the lifting frame 22 to stably vertically lift.

[0063] The heat dissipation device 40 of the present application is also integrated in the equipment cabinet 10. The heat dissipation device 40 includes a condenser 41 arranged on the side of the equipment cabinet 10, as well as a heat dissipation fan module 42 and a guide fan module 43. The condenser 41 serves as a heat exchange component and is responsible for cooling the air circulating inside. The heat dissipation fan module 42 is installed on the upper part of the equipment and is arranged along the peripheral surface of the probe module 23. The guide fan module 43 is installed on the lower lifting frame 22. In this embodiment, the condenser 41 is installed on one side of the equipment cabinet 10 and is connected to an external cooling water source through a cooling water pipeline, which is used to absorb a large amount of heat generated during the charging and discharging process of the battery below the probe module 23, and transfer the heat to the external cooling water to maintain the stability of the internal temperature of the equipment. The reason why the condenser 41 is installed on one side of the equipment cabinet 10 is that this layout can more effectively save the internal space of the equipment, optimize the overall structure of the equipment, and facilitate the arrangement of multiple equipment in the factory. The single-sided layout simplifies the connection and maintenance of the cooling water pipeline, reduces the length and complexity of the pipeline, and reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0064] The heat dissipation components jointly constitute a closed internal air circulation path. In particular, when in operation, the lower guide fan module 43 blows the low-temperature cold air cooled by the condenser 41 from bottom to top to the battery tray 24 area; the cold air absorbs the heat of the battery surface when flowing through the battery surface, and becomes hot air; the upper heat dissipation fan module 42 then draws away the hot air, reduces the internal heat of the probe module 23, and guides the hot air to flow back to the condenser 41 for cooling again. In this way, a continuous closed circulation air duct is formed in the test press 20 area.

[0065] In combination with the first aspect, the test press 20 further comprises:

[0066] The power device 25 comprises a cylinder 251 and a gas rod 252, the cylinder 251 is connected with the press frame 21, and the gas rod 252 is connected with the lifting frame 22, and the cylinder 251 drives the gas rod 252 and the lifting frame 22 to be lifted when in operation.

[0067] In the embodiment, the power device 25 is preferably a pneumatic structure, which mainly comprises the cylinder 251 and the gas rod 252 cooperating with the cylinder 251. The cylinder body part of the cylinder 251 is fixedly installed on the press frame 21 of the test press 20. The protruding end of the cylinder 251, i.e. the gas rod 252, is connected with the upper section of the lifting frame 22.

[0068] When the equipment is in operation, the control system controls the compressed air to enter the lower cavity of the cylinder 251 through the electromagnetic valve. The compressed air pushes the piston in the cylinder 251, and in turn drives the gas rod 252 to protrude upward. Since the gas rod 252 is connected with the lifting frame 22, the linear motion of the gas rod 252 is directly converted into the vertical lifting motion of the lifting frame 22 as a whole. By controlling the air supply amount and air pressure of the cylinder 251, the start, stop and motion speed of the lifting frame 22 can be controlled, so that the battery tray 24 can be smoothly or impact-free lifted until the battery electrode is pressed against the probe module 23 above.

[0069] In combination with the first aspect, the guide mechanism 30 further comprises:

[0070] The limiting component 33 comprises a limiting rod 331 connected with the press frame 21 and a limiting block 332 connected with the lifting frame 22.

[0071] When the lifting frame 22 rises, the limiting block 332 abuts against the limiting rod 331 and limits the lifting height of the lifting frame 22.

[0072] In the embodiment, the limiting component 33 is composed of a plurality of sets of one-to-one limiting rod 331 and limiting block 332.

[0073] The limit rod 331 is a fixed component, and its upper end is connected to the press frame 21 of the test press 20. The limit rod 331 extends vertically downward, and the height of its lower end surface is the preset maximum travel point. In this embodiment, the limit rod 331 is preferably provided as four rods. Correspondingly, the limit block 332 is a follower component, which is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 22 that can move up and down.

[0074] When the power device 25 drives the lifting frame 22 to rise, the limit block 332 also moves upward synchronously. At the end of the lifting stroke, the upper surface of the limit block 332 will abut against the lower end surface of the fixed limit rod 331, preventing the lifting frame 22 from continuing to rise.

[0075] In combination with the first aspect, the limit mechanism further comprises:

[0076] A limit sensor, which is arranged on the limit block 332;

[0077] At least one U-shaped adjusting washer 333, which is arranged at the bottom of the limit block 332;

[0078] When the lifting frame 22 rises, the limit sensor detects the position information of the limit rod 331 before the limit block 332 abuts against the limit rod 331 and generates a signal.

[0079] In this embodiment, the limit sensor (for example, a proximity switch) is installed on the limit block 332, and its sensing surface faces the fixed limit rod 331. The adjusting washer 333 is a metal sheet with a U-shaped opening, which is fixed to the bottom of the limit block 332 by screws.

[0080] The working process of the limit assembly 33 is as follows: when the lifting frame 22 rises, the limit block 332 installed thereon moves upward. Before the limit block 332 physically contacts the limit rod 331, the limit sensor first detects the limit rod 331 and generates a position signal to the control system of the device. The position signal is used to make the control system control the power device 25 to stop running, thereby stopping the lifting frame 22 at the predetermined pressing height.

[0081] The functions of the U-shaped adjusting washer 333 are as follows:

[0082] Firstly, by increasing or decreasing the number of washers or replacing washers of different thicknesses, the height of the bottom of the limit block 332 can be finely adjusted, thereby setting the final mechanical contact height.

[0083] Secondly, in the abnormal case of failure of the limit sensor or the control system, the adjusting washer 333 as part of the limit block 332 physically abuts against the limit rod 331 to provide a mechanical hard stop, preventing the lifting frame 22 from excessive displacement.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the adjusting washer 333 has a U-shaped opening, so as to facilitate quick adjustment of the lifting height of the lifting frame 22. When the height needs to be adjusted, the operator does not need to remove the screw for fixing the washer, but only needs to slightly loosen it, and then pull out or insert the U-shaped adjusting washer 333 from or between the screw and the limiting block 332, so as to quickly fine-tune the lifting height. In addition, in order to avoid interference of the head of the fixing screw with other components, the limiting block 332 is provided with a stepped hole for accommodating and hiding the head of the screw.

[0085] In combination with the first aspect, the lifting frame 22 is further provided with a battery tray supporting assembly 26. The battery tray supporting assembly 26 comprises a supporting plate 261 and a guide plate 262. The supporting plate 261 is vertically arranged on the lifting frame 22. The guide plate 262 is connected with the supporting plate 261. A plurality of bearing assemblies 263 are arranged on the guide plate 262 in the axial direction. The battery tray 24 can move on the lifting frame 22 along the axial direction of the guide plate 262.

[0086] In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 In order to facilitate loading and unloading of the battery tray 24, the lifting frame 22 is further provided with a battery tray supporting assembly 26.

[0087] The battery tray supporting assembly 26 comprises a supporting plate 261 vertically arranged on the lifting frame 22, and a guide plate 262 connected with the supporting plate 261. The guide plate 262 is horizontally arranged and functions similarly to a guide rail. A plurality of bearing assemblies 263 (for example, rolling bearings or linear sliders) are arranged on the upper surface of the guide plate 262 in the axial direction.

[0088] When the operator needs to load the battery tray 24, the front end of the battery tray 24 can be placed on the guide plate 262. Due to the presence of the bearing assemblies 263, the battery tray 24 and the guide plate 262 are in rolling friction or low-friction sliding. The entire battery tray 24 is pushed into the predetermined working position on the lifting frame 22 along the axial direction of the guide plate 262. When unloading, the operation process is reversed.

[0089] In combination with the first aspect, the heat dissipation fan module 42 and the guide fan module 43 are both variable-speed fans.

[0090] In the capacity grading equipment, the heat generation power of the battery is dynamically changed under different charging and discharging stages (such as constant current and constant voltage) and different working currents. The fan with a fixed rotating speed can only be designed according to the maximum heat generation condition, which will cause unnecessary energy waste and excessive cooling under low heat generation conditions. The variable-speed fan has the following purposes:

[0091] By adjusting the rotation speed of the fan in real time to change the circulating air volume, the cooling system's refrigeration power can be matched with the battery's real-time heat generation power, so as to accurately stabilize the temperature of the battery area near the target value required by the process (for example, 25℃±1℃), avoiding temperature fluctuations.

[0092] When the battery is in a low heat load state such as standby, small current charging and discharging, or low ambient temperature, the system can automatically reduce the fan speed to reduce the power consumption of the fan, meeting the energy saving requirements of modern production.

[0093] Different battery models or cell balancing processes have different sensitivities to temperature. The speed regulation function enables the device to flexibly adapt to various process curves. At the same time, reducing the speed in a non-full load state can also effectively reduce the operating noise of the device.

[0094] In this embodiment, a DC brushless fan or an EC fan that can be adjusted by an external signal can be used. The fan has a built-in drive circuit, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, long service life, and easy control.

[0095] The speed control is usually realized through a standard industrial signal, most commonly a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal. By changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal input to the fan control pin, the speed of the fan can be adjusted. For example, 0% duty cycle corresponds to the fan stopping, and 100% duty cycle corresponds to the fan running at full speed. Some fans also support 0-10V analog voltage signal control.

[0096] In combination with the first aspect, the upper surface of the lifting frame 22 is provided with positioning pins 27;

[0097] When the lifting frame 22 carries the battery tray 24, the positioning pins 27 cooperate with the positioning holes at the bottom of the battery tray 24 to position the battery tray 24.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, in order to make the battery tray 24 easier to position, the head of the positioning pin 27 is designed as a tapered or rounded transition guide end.

[0099] Specifically, the four corners of the lifting frame 22 are each provided with a positioning pin 27, which corresponds to the four positioning holes at the bottom of the battery tray 24, and the top end of the positioning pin 27 has a tapered taper that gradually shrinks. When the battery tray 24 is placed on the lifting frame 22, even if there is a slight initial alignment deviation between the positioning holes of the tray and the positioning pins 27, the weight of the tray itself will cause the edges of the positioning holes to first contact the tapered guide end of the positioning pin 27. Under the guidance of this tapered surface, the battery tray 24 will naturally slide to the correct position until the positioning pin 27 is fully inserted into the positioning hole.

[0100] In combination with the first aspect, the integrated device further comprises a power supply module 50 integrated in the device cabinet 10. In the embodiment, the power supply module 50 is preferably arranged above the test press 20 to realize the integration and compact layout of the device structure. The power supply module 50 comprises a power supply, a power distribution layer 53, a DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer 52, and a control layer 51.

[0101] The power distribution layer 53 is an interface between the device and the power supply (e.g., three-phase alternating current). It internally contains main switches, circuit breakers, and other protection elements. The main function of the power distribution layer 53 is to perform preliminary rectification and filtering on the externally introduced alternating current, convert it into a high-voltage DC bus voltage, and stably distribute it to the next stage.

[0102] The DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer 52 is electrically connected to the power distribution layer 53 and receives high-voltage DC power from the power distribution layer 53. The core component is a plurality of DC-DC converters. The role of the converter is to convert the input high-voltage DC power (e.g., 500VDC) into controllable low-voltage DC power (e.g., 5VDC) for battery charging and discharging. Each charging and discharging channel corresponds to an independent DC-DC converter to achieve independent charging and discharging control of individual batteries. The DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer 52 also has auxiliary circuits for calibrating voltage and current sensors to ensure the accuracy of test data.

[0103] The control layer 51 is usually composed of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or an industrial computer. It obtains low-voltage DC working power from the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer 52. The control layer 51 receives process instructions from the upper computer and outputs control signals to all execution components of the device. Specifically, the control layer 51 is electrically connected to the power device 25 (such as the electromagnetic valve of the air cylinder 251) and the heat dissipation device 40 (such as the controller of the speed-regulated fan) through its output interface, controls the lifting action of the lifting frame 22 and the circulating air volume of the heat dissipation air duct. At the same time, it also sends instructions to the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer 52 to control the charging and discharging voltage and current output by the probe module 23.

[0104] The second aspect of the present application provides a capacity grading device control method, which comprises:

[0105] Step S1, placing the battery tray 24 loaded with cylindrical lithium batteries on the lifting frame 22;

[0106] Step S2, starting the power device 25 to drive the lifting frame 22 to lift upward along the guide mechanism 30 by the control layer 51;

[0107] Step S3, the lifting frame 22 lifts the battery tray 24 to a predetermined position, the limit sensor on the lifting frame 22 detects the limit rod 331 on the press frame 21 and generates a signal, the power device 25 stops driving, and the positive and negative poles of the cylindrical lithium battery are in contact with the probe module 23.

[0108] Step S4, start the power supply module 50 to charge and discharge test of cylindrical lithium battery, at the same time start the heat dissipation device 40 to test the area of the press bed 20 heat dissipation;

[0109] Step S5, after the test is completed, the power device 25 drives the lifting frame 22 to drop to the initial position.

[0110] In this embodiment, the full automation process from battery tray 24 feeding, pressing, testing to discharging is realized.

[0111] Step S1: the battery tray 24 feeding and positioning automation equipment (such as RGV) will put a battery tray 24 loaded with multiple cylindrical lithium batteries on the lifting frame 22 along the battery tray support assembly 26 (including guide plate 262 and bearing assembly 263) on the lifting frame 22. In this process, the positioning pin 27 on the upper surface of the lifting frame 22 will cooperate with the positioning hole on the bottom of the battery tray 24 to position the battery tray 24 in plane, ensuring that the position of the tray meets the requirements of subsequent pressing.

[0112] Step S2: after the lifting device sensor (such as the reflection sensor) confirms that the battery tray 24 has been in place, the operator sends a start command through the upper computer system. After the control layer 51 of the device receives the command, it sends a start signal to the electromagnetic valve of the power device 25 (i.e. the air cylinder 251). The electromagnetic valve acts to pass compressed air into the air cylinder 251, and the air rod 252 of the air cylinder 251 starts to extend, thereby driving the lifting frame 22 connected thereto to smoothly lift upward along the guide mechanism 30 (guide column 31 and sleeve 32).

[0113] Step S3: Pressing positioning and stopping the lifting frame 22 in the process of rising, the limiting block 332 installed thereon also moves upward. When the limiting block 332 approaches the limiting rod 331 fixed on the press frame 21, the limiting sensor (such as a proximity switch) provided on the limiting block 332 detects the limiting rod 331 and immediately sends a position signal to the control layer 51. The control layer 51 cuts off the driving signal of the electromagnetic valve of the air cylinder 251 at the moment of receiving the signal, and the power device 25 stops driving. The lifting frame 22 stops at the predetermined position due to the air pressure. At this position, the top positive and negative poles of all cylindrical lithium batteries in the battery tray 24 are in contact with the probes of the upper probe module 23. The whole process is controlled by the sensor signal to achieve soft stop, and the physical gap between the limiting rod 331 and the limiting block 332 (which can be adjusted by a U-shaped gasket) prevents excessive displacement.

[0114] Step S4: Performing capacity test and synchronous heat dissipation pressing After the pressing is completed, the control layer 51 starts the power supply module 50 to perform independent charging and discharging operation on each battery according to the preset process formula (for example, constant current charging, constant voltage charging, standing, discharging and the like), and real-time collects voltage, current, capacity and the like. The control layer 51 starts the heat dissipation device 40. The guide fan module 43 and the heat dissipation fan module 42 start to operate to circulate air in the equipment cabinet 10. The cold air generated by the condenser 41 is blown from bottom to top by the guide fan, flows through the battery which is generating heat, and then is sucked away by the heat dissipation fan from top and sent back to the condenser 41. The control layer 51 can control the temperature of the battery area in the range required by the process by adjusting the rotating speed of the speed-regulating fan according to the feedback of the temperature sensor.

[0115] Step S5: Test completion and reset When all the batteries complete the preset charging and discharging program, the power supply module 50 stops working, and the control system records and saves all the test data. Then, the control layer 51 sends a reverse signal to the electromagnetic valve of the air cylinder 251 of the power device 25 to drive the lifting frame 22 to stably descend until it returns to the initial feeding position. The capacity test process is completed, and the equipment waits for the next instruction or prompts the operator to take out the battery tray 24 which has completed the test.

[0116] The working principle of the one-piece cylindrical lithium battery capacity test equipment and control method is that mechanical pressing, closed-loop heat dissipation and electrical control are integrated in one equipment cabinet, and are uniformly dispatched by the control layer to realize capacity test of cylindrical lithium batteries.

[0117] 1. Mechanical pressing principle: the battery tray loaded with batteries is placed on the lifting frame and initially positioned by positioning pins. The control layer starts the power device (cylinder) to drive the lifting frame to move vertically upward under the guidance of the guide mechanism (guide column and sleeve). When the lifting frame rises to the predetermined height, the limit sensor detects the limit rod and sends a signal to the control layer, which then instructs the power device to stop, realizing the control of the pressing stroke. This process ensures that the positive and negative electrodes of all batteries can be in contact with the probe module above with stable and consistent pressure.

[0118] 2. Closed-loop heat dissipation principle: while the battery is being charged and discharged, the heat dissipation device is started simultaneously. The guide fan module located at the lower part of the device blows cold air cooled by the side condenser from bottom to top, flowing through the battery array that is generating heat and absorbing heat. The heat fan module extracts these heated air and guides it back to the condenser for cooling. In the closed equipment cabinet, a closed air circulation duct independent of the external environment is formed, which blows cold air from the bottom and extracts hot air from the top, stabilizing the temperature of the battery area within the required range.

[0119] 3. Electrical and control principle: the power distribution layer converts the AC power supply into high-voltage DC, and the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer converts it into controllable low-voltage DC for each battery channel charging and discharging. On the one hand, according to the preset process program, the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer controls the charging and discharging voltage and current output to the probe module; on the other hand, it receives the signal of the limit sensor to control the start and stop of the power device, and can adjust the speed of the speed-regulating fan according to the feedback of the temperature sensor to manage the power of the heat dissipation system.

[0120] Other structures of the one-piece cylindrical lithium battery capacity sorting equipment described in the present application refer to the prior art.

[0121] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the technical solution content of the present application, are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity sorting device, comprising a device cabinet, characterized in that, The device cabinet comprises: a test press bed arranged in the device cabinet, the test press bed being a closed structure, the test press bed comprising a press bed frame, a lifting frame and a probe module, the probe module being arranged at an upper end inside the press bed frame, the lifting frame being arranged at a lower end of the probe module, the lifting frame and the probe module having a receiving space for accommodating a battery tray between them, the battery tray being loaded with a plurality of cylindrical lithium batteries, positive and negative poles of the cylindrical lithium batteries facing the probe module; a guide mechanism arranged between the press bed frame and the lifting frame, the guide mechanism comprising a guide column and a sleeve, the sleeve being sleeved on the guide column, the sleeve being mounted on the lifting frame to guide the lifting frame and lift along an axial length direction of the guide column; a heat dissipation device comprising a condenser, a heat dissipation fan module and a guide fan module, the condenser being arranged at a side of the device cabinet, the heat dissipation fan module being arranged along a peripheral surface of the probe module, the guide fan module being arranged on the lifting frame; wherein the guide fan module blows cold air cooled by the condenser upward, the heat dissipation fan module draws back hot air flowing through the battery, and the condenser, the heat dissipation fan module and the guide fan module are sequentially connected to form a closed circulation air duct in the test press bed. 2.The integrated cylindrical lithium battery sorting device according to claim 1, wherein, The test press bed further comprises: a power device comprising a pneumatic cylinder and a pneumatic rod, the pneumatic cylinder being connected with the press bed frame, the pneumatic rod being connected with the lifting frame, the pneumatic cylinder driving the pneumatic rod and the lifting frame to lift when the pneumatic cylinder operates. 3.The integrated cylindrical lithium battery sorting device according to claim 1, wherein, The guide mechanism further comprises: a limiting component comprising a limiting rod connected with the press bed frame and a limiting block connected with the lifting frame; wherein the limiting block abuts against the limiting rod when the lifting frame rises, and the lifting height of the lifting frame is limited.

4. The integrated cylindrical lithium battery sorting device according to claim 3, wherein, The limiting mechanism further comprises: a limiting sensor arranged on the limiting block; at least one U-shaped adjusting gasket arranged at a bottom of the limiting block; wherein the limiting sensor detects position information of the limiting rod and generates a signal before the limiting block abuts against the limiting rod when the lifting frame rises.

5. The integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading device according to claim 1, wherein: a battery tray supporting component is further arranged on the lifting frame, the battery tray supporting component comprising a supporting plate and a guide plate, the supporting plate being arranged vertically on the lifting frame, the guide plate being connected with the supporting plate, a plurality of bearing components being arranged on an axial length direction of the guide plate, and the battery tray being movable along the axial length direction of the guide plate on the lifting frame.

6. The integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading device according to claim 1, wherein: the heat dissipation fan module and the guide fan module are both speed-adjustable fans.

7. The integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity grading device according to claim 1, wherein: a positioning pin is arranged on an upper surface of the lifting frame. When the lifting frame carries the battery tray, the positioning pin matches with the positioning hole at the bottom of the battery tray to position the battery tray. 8.The integrated cylindrical lithium battery sorting device according to claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The power supply module includes a power supply, a control layer, a DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer and a power distribution layer.

9. The integrated cylindrical lithium battery capacity sorting equipment according to claim 8, wherein, The power distribution layer is connected with the power supply, the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer is electrically connected with the power distribution layer, alternating current is converted into direct current, and the direct current required for charging and discharging is provided for the probe module, the control layer is electrically connected with the DCDC / auxiliary calibration layer, and the operation of the power device and the heat dissipation device is controlled.

10. A method for controlling a capacity grading device, wherein the capacity grading device according to any one of claims 1-9 is operated, characterized in that, The control method comprises: Step S1, placing the battery tray loaded with cylindrical lithium batteries on the lifting frame; Step S2, starting the power device through the control layer to drive the lifting frame to lift upward along the guide mechanism; Step S3, the lifting frame lifts the battery tray to a predetermined position, the limit sensor on the lifting frame detects the limit rod on the press frame and generates a signal, the power device stops driving, and the positive and negative electrodes of the cylindrical lithium battery are pressed and contacted with the probe module; Step S4, starting the power supply module to test the charging and discharging of the cylindrical lithium battery, and starting the heat dissipation device to dissipate heat in the test press area; Step S5, after the test is completed, the power device drives the lifting frame to descend to the initial position.

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