Magnetic ring splicing tool, permanent magnet rotor and permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnet ring splicing tool, a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet motor, the tool comprises at least two excitation magnetic poles, and all the excitation magnetic poles have the same structure; the excitation magnetic poles are provided with air gap holes, the air gap holes of all the excitation magnetic poles are axially aligned, and the excitation magnetic poles are provided with at least one pair of excitation coils symmetrically distributed in the radial direction on the peripheries of the air gap holes. The excitation magnetic pole establishes a virtual circle with the central axis of the air gap hole as the circle center, the first center line of the virtual circle forms a second center line after rotating around the circle center by an angle theta, the excitation magnetic pole is provided with at least two positioning holes, and each positioning hole is located at the intersection point position of the second center line and the virtual circle. And all the excitation magnetic poles are assembled and fixed through the positioning holes and the connecting pieces. Compared with the prior art, two different magnet ring splicing modes can be achieved on one tool, the tool further has the advantages of being convenient to machine, easy to assemble and the like, and application and popularization of the long magnet ring are facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motor manufacturing, in particular to a magnetic ring splicing tool, a permanent magnet rotor and a permanent magnet motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rotor of a permanent magnet motor is generally composed of a magnetic ring and a rotating shaft. Since the magnetic ring needs to be formed through processes such as pressing and sintering, the stress of magnetic powder or magnetic material is difficult to be evenly transmitted during pressing of a long magnetic ring, and local porosity problems are prone to occur. Therefore, the production of a long magnetic ring is generally realized by splicing two short magnetic rings.

[0003] The splicing of magnetic rings has certain requirements for magnetic poles. In the application of a permanent magnet motor, complete alignment of the magnetic poles of a magnetic ring can provide the maximum magnetic flux per pole, and a certain angle offset between the two can help improve the smoothness of the permanent magnet motor. The above two schemes have practical applications.

[0004] The existing tooling can only produce one type of spliced magnetic ring. In order to ensure that the angle between the magnetic poles can be accurately realized, the existing tooling is integrally formed, which has a large processing difficulty, resulting in high manufacturing costs of spliced magnetic rings. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a magnetic ring splicing tool that can produce long magnetic rings with different functional characteristics according to requirements.

[0006] The magnetic ring splicing tool according to the first aspect of the present application comprises a magnetic pole, the number of which is at least two, and all the magnetic poles have the same structure. The magnetic pole is provided with an air gap hole for inserting a magnetic ring, and the air gap holes of all the magnetic poles are axially aligned. The magnetic pole is provided with at least one pair of magnetic coils symmetrically distributed in the radial direction on the periphery of the air gap hole. The magnetic pole establishes a virtual circle with the center axis of the air gap hole as the center, and the virtual circle has a first center line that is orthogonal to each other. The first center line forms a second center line after rotating by an angle θ in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction around the center. The magnetic pole is provided with at least two positioning holes, each of which is located at the intersection position of the second center line and the virtual circle. When any two adjacent magnetic poles are stacked by aligning all the positioning holes, the two magnetic poles have a completely aligned stacking structure or a stacking structure offset by an angle of 2θ. All the positioning holes of the same group of magnetic poles are assembled and fixed by a connecting piece.

[0007] The magnetic ring splicing tool has the following beneficial effects: all the excitation magnetic poles have the same structure, so the corresponding positioning holes are aligned with each other when the excitation magnetic poles are stacked in complete alignment, and then the tool is assembled and fixed through the connecting piece; during production, the multiple magnetized magnetic rings are respectively coated with adhesive and placed in the air gap holes of the excitation magnetic poles, each magnetic ring is axially locked by the energization of the excitation coil to enable the magnetic ring to automatically adjust to a precise circumferential position under the action of the magnetic field and be limited to rotate, and the polarity repulsion between the magnetic rings can be offset; after the adhesion of all the magnetic rings is completed, the spliced magnetic rings are removed from the tool; when it is required to offset the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic rings by a certain angle, one excitation magnetic pole is first kept stationary, then the other excitation magnetic pole is reversed and axially aligned with the air gap hole of the other excitation magnetic pole, and then any excitation magnetic pole is rotated around the center axis of the air gap hole until all the positioning holes of the two excitation magnetic poles are aligned with each other, at this time, the two excitation magnetic poles have a stacking structure offset by an angle of 2θ, and the angle of 2θ is the angle by which the magnetic poles of the two magnetic rings need to be offset, and the subsequent operation can be referred to the foregoing description, and finally the two magnetic ring magnetic poles are spliced at a certain offset angle; compared with the prior art, the present application can realize two different magnetic ring splicing methods on one tool, the angle by which the magnetic poles of the two adjacent magnetic rings need to be offset is determined by the design positions of the multiple positioning holes, so the present application can offset the magnetic poles of the two magnetic rings by a precise angle, avoids human errors, and since all the excitation magnetic poles have the same structure, the tool has the advantages of convenient processing and simple assembly, and is conducive to the popularization and application of long magnetic rings.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the connecting piece is provided with a boss between the two adjacent excitation magnetic poles, and the boss has a planar size greater than that of the positioning hole, so that the two adjacent excitation magnetic poles are spaced apart by the boss.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the excitation magnetic pole is provided with at least one pair of tooth arms symmetrically distributed in the radial direction, the middle part of each tooth arm is provided with a tooth slot for winding the excitation coil, and the end of each tooth arm is provided with an arc-shaped block, and all the arc-shaped blocks jointly form the air gap hole.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the two arc-shaped blocks paired with each other are spaced apart to form a radial opening on the air gap hole.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, when the number of excitation magnetic poles is more than three, all the excitation magnetic poles adopt a complete alignment stacking structure or a combined stacking structure of complete alignment and an offset angle of 2θ.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the inner diameter of the air gap hole is greater than the outer diameter of the magnetic ring, and the difference between the two is controlled between 0.2mm and 1mm.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the number of positioning holes is no more than four.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the θ angle ranges from 2.5° to 30°.

[0015] The permanent magnet rotor according to the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application comprises: The spliced magnetic ring is produced by the magnetic ring splicing tool described above, and the spliced magnetic ring is provided with a central shaft hole. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the central shaft hole of the spliced magnetic ring.

[0016] The permanent magnet motor according to the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application comprises: The motor shell; The permanent magnet rotor described above; The stator is assembled in the motor shell together with the permanent magnet rotor, the stator is arranged at the periphery of the spliced magnetic ring, and the rotating shaft extends out of the motor shell.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood by the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic ring splicing tool in a first assembly state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a top view of the magnetic ring splicing tool shown in FIG. 1; Figure 1 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic ring splicing tool in a second assembly state according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a top view of the magnetic ring splicing tool shown in FIG. 2; Figure 3 Figure 5 is a design schematic diagram of the excitation magnetic pole positioning hole according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the excitation magnetic pole after being reversed according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of two excitation magnetic poles being stacked with a 2θ angle offset according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] ​​In the drawings: 100 - excitation magnetic pole, 210 - magnetic ring, 300 - tooth arm, 310 - tooth slot, 400 - excitation coil, 320 - arc block, 110 - air gap hole, 120 - radial opening, 130 - positioning hole, 500 - virtual circle, 510 - first center line, 520 - second center line, 121 - connecting piece, 122 - nut, 123 - boss, 200 - permanent magnet rotor, 220 - rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described as first, second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of indicated technical features.

[0023] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] The present application discloses a magnetic ring 210 splicing tool, which can flexibly realize the splicing mode of completely aligning or staggering at a preset angle of the magnetic poles of the magnetic ring 210 according to actual application requirements, solve the problems of single function, high processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost of existing tools, and ensure the angle staggering precision of the magnetic poles of the magnetic ring 210, thereby assisting the popularization and application of long magnetic rings in the field of permanent magnet motors. The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail from the aspects of structural design, material selection, function implementation and assembly logic of each component, so as to ensure that those skilled in the art can accurately implement the present application according to the description.

[0025] As Figure 1 andFigure 2 As shown, at this time, the magnetic ring 210 splicing tool is in the first assembly state, which is used to produce a long magnetic ring with the magnetic poles of the magnetic ring 210 completely aligned. The excitation magnetic pole 100 is the core bearing component of the tool, which is used to axially lock one magnetic ring 210. Since the spliced magnetic ring is composed of at least two magnetic rings 210, the number of excitation magnetic poles 100 is at least two, and the number is determined according to the length of the spliced magnetic ring. The longer the spliced magnetic ring, the more the number of excitation magnetic poles 100. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate description, the number of excitation magnetic poles 100 is limited to two, but regardless of the number of excitation magnetic poles 100, all excitation magnetic poles 100 adopt the same structure design. That is, all excitation magnetic poles 100 are consistent in size and structure, so that only one type of excitation magnetic pole 100 needs to be mass-produced to meet the batch production requirements of the same batch of products. This design not only reduces the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the tool, but also provides a basis for subsequent flexible splicing.

[0026] Specifically, the excitation magnetic pole 100 is made of pure electrical steel, which has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and low coercivity. After the excitation coil 400 is energized, a stable magnetic field can be quickly established, and the magnetic field decay rate is slow, which can effectively ensure the positioning stability of the magnetic ring 210 during the splicing and curing process, and avoid displacement of the magnetic ring 210 due to magnetic field fluctuations. The axial thickness of the excitation magnetic pole 100 is determined according to the thickness of the magnetic ring 210, and is usually set to 30-50mm, which not only ensures the structural strength of the excitation magnetic pole 100 itself, but also reserves enough space for the winding of the excitation coil 400 and the opening of the positioning hole 130.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 In order to realize the circumferential positioning and axial locking of the magnetic ring 210, the excitation magnetic pole 100 is provided with at least one pair of tooth arms 300 which are radially symmetrically distributed, and the tooth arms 300 are integrally formed with the excitation magnetic pole 100. Although only one pair of tooth arms 300 is provided in this embodiment, in some other embodiments, the tooth arms 300 can also be provided in two or three pairs, without being limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. When the tooth arms 300 are provided in two pairs, the four tooth arms 300 are cross-symmetrically distributed; when the tooth arms 300 are provided in three pairs, the six tooth arms 300 are arranged in a rice-shaped symmetrical manner. The middle part of each tooth arm 300 is provided with a tooth groove 310, which is a groove structure. The width of the tooth groove 310 is determined according to the number of turns of the excitation coil 400, and the depth is determined according to the diameter of the wire. The inner wall of the tooth groove 310 is treated by smoothing to avoid damaging the wire insulation layer when winding the excitation coil 400.

[0028] The excitation coil 400 is wound by copper wire. The copper wire has excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and can generate a magnetic field of sufficient strength under the condition of passing a small current, while reducing the heat loss of the coil. The diameter of the copper wire is determined according to the size of the excitation magnetic pole 100 and the required magnetic field strength, and is usually 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The surface of the enameled wire is provided with a high-temperature-resistant insulating layer, and the temperature resistance grade of the insulating layer is not less than 150 DEG C, which can withstand the heat generated by the coil when electrified, and avoid the aging and damage of the insulating layer caused by short circuit. The number of turns of each excitation coil 400 is 50 to 200 turns, and the winding is arranged in a close arrangement to ensure that the coil can be evenly distributed in the tooth slot 310, and there is no obvious gap between adjacent coils, thereby improving the utilization rate of the magnetic field. When the excitation coil 400 is wound, the lead wire is led out from the root of the tooth arm 300, which is convenient for connecting with the external power supply.

[0029] The end of each tooth arm 300 is provided with an arc block 320, which is integrally formed with the tooth arm 300, and the inner wall is a circular arc surface. The circular arc radii of all arc blocks 320 are consistent, and the inner walls of all arc blocks 320 jointly form an air gap hole 110 for inserting the magnetic ring 210. The air gap hole 110 is a cylindrical through hole, which axially penetrates the entire excitation magnetic pole 100. The air gap holes 110 of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 need to be axially aligned, which is the key to the coaxial splicing of the multiple magnetic rings 210. The inner diameter of the air gap hole 110 is greater than the outer diameter of the magnetic ring 210, and the difference is controlled between 0.2 mm and 1 mm. The setting of the gap range has important significance: on the one hand, it can avoid interference fit between the magnetic ring 210 and the inner wall of the air gap hole 110, ensure that the magnetic ring 210 can be smoothly assembled into the air gap hole 110, and reduce the assembly difficulty; on the other hand, the reserved gap allows the magnetic ring 210 to rotate slightly in the circumferential direction in the air gap hole 110, which is convenient for the magnetic ring 210 to automatically adjust to the precise circumferential position under the action of the magnetic field after the excitation coil 400 is electrified.

[0030] The two arc blocks 320 paired with each other are arranged at a distance from each other to form a radial opening on the air gap hole 110. The width of the radial opening 120 is set to 8 mm to 15 mm, and the width of the radial opening 120 is less than the radius of the magnetic ring 210. The main function of the radial opening 120 is to reduce the magnetic leakage, so that most of the magnetic induction lines generated by the excitation coil 400 can pass through the magnetic ring 210. If the radial opening 120 is closed, the thickness at this position needs to be thinned, and the specific thickness needs to be limited to 0.5 mm to 1 mm, but in this way, not only the processing difficulty is increased, but also the effect is doubled, which is far from the effect of directly reserving the radial opening 120.

[0031] To enable detachable connection and angle switching between the excitation poles 100, at least two positioning holes 130 are provided on each excitation pole 100. In this embodiment, three positioning holes 130 are provided. Each positioning hole 130 is a cylindrical through hole, and its axial length extends through the entire excitation pole 100. The inner wall of the positioning hole 130 is polished to ensure precise fit with the connector 121.

[0032] The placement of the positioning hole 130 is crucial for adjusting the magnetic pole angle of the magnetic ring 210. The specific design can be simulated in computer-aided software, and the design process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, firstly, a virtual circle 500 needs to be established with the central axis of the air gap hole 110 as the center. The diameter of the virtual circle 500 should not be set too large, ensuring that it falls within the area of ​​the excitation pole 100. The virtual circle 500 has two mutually orthogonal first center lines 510, which are the two perpendicular diameter lines of the virtual circle 500, serving as the reference lines for the position of the positioning hole 130. Then, the first center line 510 is rotated by an angle θ around the center of the virtual circle 500 in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction to obtain a second center line 520. At this point, the positioning hole 130 is opened at the intersection of the second center line 520 and the virtual circle 500. Since there are four intersection points between the second center line 520 and the virtual circle 500, the number of positioning holes 130 does not exceed four. In this embodiment, after importing the designed drawing into the processing equipment for processing, an excitation pole 100 with three positioning holes 130 is obtained.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the connector 121 is used to assemble and fix the two excitation poles 100. In this embodiment, the connector 121 can be a positioning pin, with screws at both ends that can be screwed into the nut 122. The outer diameter of the positioning pin and the inner diameter of the positioning hole 130 are transition fit, with a fit gap ≤0.02mm. This fit method can ensure the tightness of the connection between the positioning pin and the positioning hole 130, prevent relative displacement during the splicing process, and ensure that the positioning pin can be smoothly inserted and pulled out, which is convenient for switching splicing methods.

[0034] In the middle of the connecting piece 121, that is, between the two adjacent excitation magnetic poles 100, a boss 123 is arranged, which is integrally formed with the positioning pin and has a cylindrical structure. The planar size of the boss 123 is larger than that of the positioning hole 130, so as to ensure that the boss 123 can be reliably supported between the two excitation magnetic poles 100, and the adjacent two excitation magnetic poles 100 are arranged at intervals. The boss 123 is mainly used to separate the upper and lower excitation coils 400, so as to avoid the short circuit caused by the mutual contact of the outer surfaces of the upper and lower excitation coils 400 after the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are stacked, and the reserved interval space is also beneficial to the heat dissipation of the coils, so as to prevent the influence of the high temperature of the coils on the stability of the magnetic field.

[0035] When the splicing mode of the complete alignment of the magnetic poles of the magnetic ring 210 is required to be realized, since the structures of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are completely same, the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are only required to be stacked in the same direction, at this time, the positioning holes 130 on the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are certainly aligned with each other, the positioning pin is sequentially inserted through the same group of positioning holes 130 of the two excitation magnetic poles 100, and the assembly and fixation of the tooling are completed. Since the three positioning holes 130 of each excitation magnetic pole 100 are strictly designed, when the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are assembled and fixed, the air gap holes 110 of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 can be axially aligned, and a structural basis for the complete alignment of the magnetic poles of the two magnetic rings 210 is provided. After assembly, the fit between the adjacent excitation magnetic poles 100 is required to be checked, so as to ensure that the boss 123 is in close contact with the end face of the excitation magnetic pole 100 without obvious gap, and the two ends of the positioning pin are locked by the nuts 122 respectively, so as to prevent loosening.

[0036] In production, the two magnetized magnetic rings 210 are respectively coated with adhesive and respectively placed in the air gap holes 110 of the two excitation magnetic poles 100, each magnetic ring 210 is axially locked by the energization of the excitation coil 400, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the magnetic ring 210 to the accurate circumferential position under the action of the magnetic field and limit the rotation of the magnetic ring 210, and the repulsive force between the magnetic rings 210 can also be offset, after the two magnetic rings 210 are bonded, the spliced magnetic ring is disassembled from the tooling. When the magnetic ring 210 splicing tooling is in the first assembly state, since the excitation coils 400 of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 generate magnetic fields in the same direction, the magnetic poles of the two magnetic rings 210 are completely aligned.

[0037] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, at this time, the magnetic ring 210 splicing tool is in the second assembly state, which is used to produce a long magnetic ring with the magnetic poles of the magnetic ring 210 staggered at a preset angle. When it is required to realize the splicing mode of the magnetic ring 210 with the magnetic poles staggered at a preset angle, the operation process is as follows: first, two excitation magnetic poles 100 are selected, the orientation of one of the excitation magnetic poles 100 is kept unchanged, and the other excitation magnetic pole 100 is reversed by 180°, so that the front and back surfaces thereof are exchanged. At this time, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the reversed excitation magnetic pole 100 is close to the fixed excitation magnetic pole 100, the positions of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are adjusted to ensure that the axial directions of the air gap holes thereof are aligned, then any one of the excitation magnetic poles 100 is slowly rotated around the central axis of the air gap hole 110, and the positions of the positioning holes 130 on the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are observed during the rotation until all the positioning holes 130 are completely aligned. At this time, as shown in Figure 7 , the two excitation magnetic poles 100 form an included angle of 2θ, and the angle is the angle by which the magnetic poles of the two magnetic rings 210 need to be staggered. Finally, the positioning pins are passed through the aligned positioning holes 130 to complete the assembly and fixation of the two excitation magnetic poles 100.

[0038] During production, the two magnetized magnetic rings 210 are respectively coated with adhesive and respectively placed in the air gap holes 110 of the two excitation magnetic poles 100, each magnetic ring 210 is axially locked by the energization of the excitation coil 400 to enable the magnetic ring 210 to automatically adjust to a precise circumferential position under the action of a magnetic field and be limited to rotation, and meanwhile the polarity repulsion between the magnetic rings 210 can be offset. After the two magnetic rings 210 are bonded, the spliced magnetic ring is disassembled from the tool. When the magnetic ring 210 splicing tool is in the second assembly state, because the excitation coils 400 of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 generate magnetic fields in different directions, the magnetic poles of the two magnetic rings 210 will be staggered by an angle of 2θ.

[0039] The value range of the θ angle is 2.5° to 30°, which is determined based on the actual application requirements of the permanent magnet motor: when the 2θ angle is less than 5°, it is difficult to reflect the improvement effect of the magnetic ring 210 staggering on the smoothness of the motor, and when the 2θ angle is greater than 60°, the magnetic flux per pole of the magnetic ring 210 will be significantly reduced, which affects the output power of the motor. Therefore, the value range of 2.5° to 30° can take into account the requirements of the smoothness and the output power of the motor. According to the design parameters of different motors, those skilled in the art can select a specific 2θ angle within the range, for example, in the present embodiment, the 2θ angle is selected to be 10°.

[0040] For ease of understanding, the three positioning holes 130 in the accompanying drawings Figure 5 may be defined as A hole, B hole and C hole, and the positions of the A hole, B hole and C hole after reversal are as shown in Figure 6 . In the accompanying drawings Figure 7When the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are completely aligned, the A holes of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are aligned with each other, the B holes of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are aligned with each other, and the C holes of the two excitation magnetic poles 100 are aligned with each other.

[0041] If the number of excitation magnetic poles 100 is more than three, the stacking structure can be flexibly selected according to the actual splicing requirements: if a long magnetic ring with completely aligned magnetic poles of multiple magnetic rings 210 needs to be produced, all the excitation magnetic poles 100 are stacked in the same direction, and after being fixed by the positioning pins, the magnetic poles of the magnetic rings 210 are sequentially aligned; if a combined long magnetic ring with partially aligned magnetic rings 210 and partially staggered magnetic rings 210 needs to be produced, all the excitation magnetic poles 100 are combined and stacked in a completely aligned and 2θ angle staggered structure, for example, the first excitation magnetic pole 100 is completely aligned with the second excitation magnetic pole 100, the second excitation magnetic pole 100 is staggered at a 2θ angle with the third excitation magnetic pole 100, and the third excitation magnetic pole 100 is completely aligned with the fourth excitation magnetic pole 100. Through this combined stacking structure, a long magnetic ring with complex magnetic pole distribution can be produced to meet the individual needs of different types of permanent magnet motors. During the multi-magnetic-pole stacking process, it is necessary to ensure that each positioning pin passes through the corresponding positioning hole 130 of all the excitation magnetic poles 100, and the length of the positioning pin is sufficient to cover all the stacked excitation magnetic poles 100, and the boss 123 can reliably separate between adjacent excitation magnetic poles 100, avoiding the situation of coil interference or magnetic field interference.

[0042] The magnetic ring 210 splicing tool of the present application is used in practice, and the specific operation steps are as follows: First step, tool preparation: according to the splicing requirements of the magnetic ring 210, assemble two excitation magnetic poles 100 in the corresponding stacking structure, fix the two excitation magnetic poles 100 by positioning pins, ensure that the air gap hole is axially aligned, and the positioning pin is firmly installed without loosening.

[0043] Second step, magnetic ring 210 pretreatment: select two short magnetic rings of the same specification, preferably neodymium iron boron permanent magnetic rings, clean the splicing end face of the magnetic ring 210, remove the surface oil, dust and oxide layer, and ensure the cleanliness of the splicing end face; use epoxy glue as the adhesive, evenly apply the adhesive on the splicing end face of the magnetic ring 210, and avoid the situation of missing coating, bubbles or adhesive accumulation during the coating process, to ensure that the adhesive can evenly cover the entire splicing end face.

[0044] Third step, excitation positioning: connect the wire terminals of the excitation coil 400 to the external constant current power supply, and according to the polarity mark of the magnetic ring 210, pass a direct current of a preset direction to the excitation coil 400. After energization, the excitation coil 400 generates a magnetic field in the preset direction in the air gap hole 110.

[0045] Fourth step, magnetic ring 210 assembly: the adhesive coated magnetic ring 210 is placed in each of the air gap hole 110 of the excitation magnetic pole 100, the magnetic ring 210 is automatically adjusted to the precise circumferential position under the action of the magnetic field and is limited to rotate, the excitation coil 400 firmly fixes the magnetic ring 210 in the air gap hole 110 through the electromagnetic adsorption force, which not only offsets the repulsive force between the magnetic rings 210 due to the same polarity, but also restricts the circumferential position of the magnetic ring 210, avoiding the rotation of the magnetic ring 210 during the bonding and curing process, and ensuring the accuracy of the splicing angle.

[0046] Fifth step, bonding and curing: after the positioning of the magnetic ring 210 is completed, a certain pressure is slowly applied in the axial direction, so that the splicing end faces of the two adjacent magnetic rings 210 are tightly fitted. According to the curing requirements of the adhesive, the overall state of the tool and the magnetic ring 210 is maintained for curing treatment: if a room temperature curing type epoxy adhesive is used, it needs to be placed at room temperature for more than 24 hours to ensure that the adhesive is completely cured; if a heating curing type epoxy adhesive is used, the entire tool can be placed in an oven and heated at a temperature of 60-80℃ for 2-4 hours to accelerate the curing of the adhesive. During the curing process, the excitation coil 400 needs to be continuously powered to ensure that the magnetic field always positions the magnetic ring 210, avoiding displacement of the magnetic ring 210 due to the disappearance of the magnetic field.

[0047] Sixth step, tool disassembly and cleaning: after the adhesive is completely cured, the constant current power supply is turned off, the current of the excitation coil 400 is cut off, and after the magnetic field in the air gap hole 110 completely disappears, the spliced long magnetic ring is taken out, and finally the excess adhesive overflowing from the surface of the long magnetic ring is cleaned, the splicing quality of the magnetic ring 210 is checked to ensure that the splicing end face is free of cracks and looseness, and the magnetic pole alignment or offset angle meets the design requirements.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiment of the application also provides a permanent magnet rotor 200, which comprises a spliced magnetic ring and a shaft 220, and the center of the spliced magnetic ring is provided with a center shaft hole, the inner diameter of the center shaft hole is matched with the outer diameter of the shaft 220. The shaft 220 is made of 45 steel material, has good mechanical strength and wear resistance, and can withstand the torque and speed during the operation of the motor. The shaft 220 and the center shaft hole of the spliced magnetic ring are fixed by epoxy adhesive, which needs to be coated on the inner wall of the center shaft hole of the spliced magnetic ring, and then the shaft 220 is pressed into the center shaft hole, and after standing and curing, it can be used. The axis of the shaft 220 and the center axis of the spliced magnetic ring must be coincident to ensure the dynamic balance performance of the permanent magnet rotor 200 during rotation, avoiding excessive vibration or noise of the motor due to eccentricity.

[0049] The embodiment of the present application also provides a permanent magnet motor, which comprises a motor shell (not shown in the drawings), a stator (not shown in the drawings) and the permanent magnet rotor 200 described above, the motor shell is made of aluminum alloy material and has the characteristics of light weight and good heat dissipation performance, and a cavity for accommodating the permanent magnet rotor 200 and the stator is arranged in the motor shell.

[0050] The stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, the stator core is made of silicon steel sheets and can reduce eddy current loss, and the number of poles of the stator winding is adapted to the number of magnetic poles of the spliced magnetic ring, so that the magnetic field generated by the stator winding and the magnetic field of the magnetic ring 210 interact with each other when the motor operates, and energy conversion is realized. The two ends of the rotating shaft 220 are mounted on the end covers of the motor shell through bearings, one end of the rotating shaft 220 extends out of the motor shell and is used for connecting an external load and transmitting torque.

[0051] The permanent magnet motor adopts the spliced magnetic ring produced by the tooling of the present application, can select the splicing mode of completely aligned or staggered magnetic poles according to application requirements, has higher magnetic flux per pole and output power when the magnetic poles are completely aligned, is suitable for scenes with higher power requirements, has significantly improved running smoothness, reduced noise and vibration when the magnetic poles are staggered at a preset angle, is suitable for scenes with higher smoothness requirements, and thus widens the application range of the permanent magnet motor.

[0052] The embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made within the knowledge range of ordinary skilled persons in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A magnetic ring splicing tool, characterized in that: The excitation magnetic pole (100) includes at least two, all of which have the same structure; the excitation magnetic pole (100) is provided with an air gap hole (110) for inserting a magnetic ring (210), the air gap holes (110) of all excitation magnetic poles (100) are axially aligned, the excitation magnetic pole (100) is provided with at least one pair of excitation coils (400) symmetrically distributed in the periphery of the air gap hole (110); the excitation magnetic pole (100) establishes a virtual circle (500) with the center axis of the air gap hole (110) as the center, the virtual circle (500) has a first center line (510) orthogonal to each other, the first center line (510) forms a second center line (520) after rotating by θ angle in the clockwise direction or counterclockwise direction around the center, the excitation magnetic pole (100) is provided with at least two positioning holes (130), each of the positioning holes (130) is located at the intersection position of the second center line (520) and the virtual circle (500), when any two adjacent excitation magnetic poles (100) are stacked by aligning all the positioning holes (130), the two excitation magnetic poles (100) have a completely aligned stacking structure or a 2θ angle offset stacking structure, and the same group of positioning holes (130) of all excitation magnetic poles (100) are assembled and fixed by a connecting piece (121).

2. The magnetic ring splicing tool of claim 1, wherein: The connecting piece (121) is provided with a boss (123) between the two adjacent excitation magnetic poles (100), the planar size of the boss (123) is larger than that of the positioning hole (130), and the two adjacent excitation magnetic poles (100) are spaced apart by the boss (123).

3. The magnetic ring splicing tool of claim 1, wherein: The excitation magnetic pole (100) is provided with at least one pair of tooth arms (300) symmetrically distributed in the radial direction, the middle part of each tooth arm (300) is provided with a tooth slot (310) for winding the excitation coil (400), and the end of each tooth arm (300) is provided with an arc block (320), and all the arc blocks (320) jointly form the air gap hole (110).

4. The magnetic ring splicing tool of claim 3, wherein: The two arc blocks (320) paired with each other are spaced apart to form a radial opening (120) on the air gap hole (110).

5. The magnetic ring splicing fixture of claim 1, wherein: When the number of excitation magnetic poles (100) is more than three, all the excitation magnetic poles (100) adopt a completely aligned stacking structure or a combined stacking structure of completely aligned and 2θ angle offset.

6. The magnetic ring splicing fixture of claim 1, wherein: The inner diameter of the air gap hole (110) is larger than the outer diameter of the magnetic ring (210), and the difference is controlled between 0.2mm and 1mm.

7. The magnetic ring splicing fixture of claim 1, wherein: The number of positioning holes (130) is not more than four.

8. The magnetic ring splicing fixture of claim 1, wherein: The θ angle is in the range of 2.5° to 30°.

9. A permanent magnet rotor, characterized by It comprises: A spliced magnetic ring produced by the magnetic ring splicing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the spliced magnetic ring is provided with a central shaft hole; A rotating shaft (220) fixedly connected to the central shaft hole of the spliced magnetic ring.

10. A permanent magnet electric machine characterized by, It comprises: A motor shell; The permanent magnet rotor (200) according to claim 9; A stator is assembled in the motor shell with the permanent magnet rotor (200), the stator is arranged at the periphery of the spliced magnetic ring, and the rotating shaft (220) extends out of the motor shell.

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