Eagle beak imitating type friction-electromagnetic combined type underwater energy capturing device and monitoring system

Abstract

The invention relates to an eagle beak imitating type friction-electromagnetic combined type underwater energy capturing device and a subsurface buoy monitoring system in the technical field of nanometer new energy. The underwater energy capture device comprises a shell, a swing rod, a friction power generation unit, an electromagnetic power generation unit and an energy storage device. A hinge part and a swing limiting area with the hinge part as the circle center are arranged in the shell. One end of the swing rod is hinged to the hinge part, and the other end is slidably connected with the shell in the swing limiting area. The friction power generation unit is used for conducting friction power generation when the swing rod swings in the swing limiting area. The electromagnetic power generation unit is used for conducting electromagnetic power generation when the swing rod swings in the swing limiting area. The swing rod and the spring energy storage structure are combined, the swing rod sensitively receives the gravity center change generated by low-frequency wave excitation and converts the gravity center change into swing motion, meanwhile, the spring energy storage structure is used for storing initial energy, the problem that the device is difficult to start under low-frequency low-amplitude underwater wave excitation is effectively solved, and the underwater wave energy collection efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nano new energy, in particular to an eagle beak type friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy capturing device and a submersible buoy monitoring system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wave energy, as a widely distributed and abundant clean energy, has important scientific significance and application value in the fields of marine resource exploration, environmental protection and sustainable energy development, and is a key component of future marine energy supply system. At present, wave energy collection technology has formed multiple technical routes including oscillating water column, point absorption and traditional electromagnetic converters. Although certain progress has been made in this field, the existing devices still face significant limitations in actual deployment: devices arranged on the water surface are vulnerable to extreme sea conditions, shipping activities and marine biofouling, with poor structural reliability and high maintenance costs; in addition, the collision risk of devices arranged on the water surface with ships and marine organisms is high, and the safety and reliability are difficult to guarantee. At the same time, the energy collection is easily disturbed by the randomness and directionality of surface waves, and the output stability is insufficient. In contrast, arranging the energy capturing device underwater can effectively avoid the influence of the harsh environment on the water surface, significantly improving the working life and reliability of the device. The wave motion in the underwater environment is more stable and directional, which is conducive to realizing continuous and efficient energy capture. The existing underwater energy capturing device is a traditional underwater energy capturing device based on hydraulic transmission, and its fundamental defect lies in the essential mismatch between the core working principle and the inherent characteristics of low frequency and low amplitude of ocean waves. In order to realize efficient energy conversion, the hydraulic system introduces complex mechanical transmission mechanisms such as gearboxes and hydraulic amplifiers to convert low-frequency wave motion into high-speed motion. Such intermediate conversion links not only cause significant additional energy loss, but also sharply increase the failure risk of the system in the high-pressure and corrosive underwater environment due to the introduction of a large number of precision moving parts, resulting in reduced overall reliability, high maintenance costs, and difficulty in achieving effective miniaturization and modular deployment due to the complex structure. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems of weak low-frequency excitation response and low energy conversion efficiency existing in the existing underwater wave energy collection technology, the present application provides an eagle beak type friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy capturing device and a submersible buoy monitoring system.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an eagle beak type friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy capturing device, which comprises a shell, a swing rod, a friction power generation unit, an electromagnetic power generation unit and an energy storage device. The shell is internally provided with a hinged part and a swing limiting area with the hinged part as the center. One end of the swing rod is hinged to the hinged part, and the other end is slidably connected to the shell in the swing limiting area. The friction power generation unit is used for friction power generation when the swing rod swings in the swing limiting area. The electromagnetic power generation unit is used for electromagnetic power generation when the swing rod swings in the swing limiting area. The energy storage device is used to act on the swing rod to improve the starting performance of the swing rod when it swings.

[0005] As a preferred example, the shell is provided in a T shape. The two ends of the "one" part of the shell are provided in an eagle beak shape and as the swing limiting area. The bottom end of the "| part of the shell is provided as the hinged part.

[0006] As a preferred example, the shell is provided with openings on the two symmetrical sides. The two openings are detachably connected with matching side plates. The swing limiting area of the shell is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate with the hinged part as the center. The swing rod is slidably connected to the guide plate.

[0007] As a preferred example, the swing rod comprises a straight rod and a mounting plate. One end of the straight rod is rotatably connected to the hinged part. The mounting plate is connected to the end of the straight rod away from the hinged part. The mounting plate is used to mount the rotor of the friction power generation unit and the permanent magnet of the electromagnetic power generation unit.

[0008] As a preferred example, the friction power generation unit comprises a plurality of first stator electrodes, a plurality of second stator electrodes, a dielectric film and a plurality of rotors. The plurality of first stator electrodes are electrically connected to each other. The plurality of second stator electrodes are electrically connected to each other. The first stator electrodes and the second stator electrodes are separated from each other and arranged alternately in a first direction. The first direction is the swing direction of the swing rod. The dielectric film covers the plurality of first stator electrodes and the plurality of second stator electrodes. The plurality of rotors are uniformly spaced apart and connected to the swing rod in the first direction. The plurality of rotors are slidably connected to the dielectric film.

[0009] As a preferred example, the first stator electrode and the second stator electrode are made of copper or aluminum. The dielectric film is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer. The rotor is made of rabbit hair.

[0010] As a preferred example, the electromagnetic power generation unit comprises at least one permanent magnet and at least one coil. The permanent magnet is connected to the end of the swing rod away from the hinged part. The coil is connected in the shell. When the swing rod swings, the permanent magnet cuts the magnetic induction lines of the coil, and the coil generates current output.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, three permanent magnets are arranged along the second direction. Nine coils are arranged in a 3×3 matrix along the first and second directions. The first direction is the swing direction of the pendulum; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0012] As a preferred example, the energy storage device includes: an even number of springs symmetrically distributed at both ends of the swing direction of the lever; one end of each spring is connected to the outer casing, and the other end is positioned towards the lever.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also proposes a self-driven integrated underwater mooring monitoring system, which includes: the beak-like friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy harvesting device described in the first aspect, a marine sensor, a wireless module, and a power management module.

[0014] The marine sensor uses electrical energy generated by a beak-like friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy harvesting device to collect marine environmental parameters. The wireless module uses electrical energy generated by the beak-like friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy harvesting device to transmit signals collected by the marine sensor. The power management module manages and distributes the electrical energy generated by the beak-like friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy harvesting device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, through the arrangement of a shell, a pendulum, and an energy storage device, enables the shell to effectively amplify the swing amplitude when impacted by water waves, enhance the response capability to low-frequency, low-amplitude waves, and improve the efficiency of underwater wave energy capture. It also combines a pendulum and a spring energy storage structure, through which the pendulum sensitively receives the center of gravity change generated by low-frequency wave excitation and converts it into swing motion, while the spring energy storage structure stores the initial energy, effectively solving the problem of difficult device start-up under low-frequency, low-amplitude underwater wave excitation, and significantly improving the efficiency of underwater wave energy collection.

[0016] 2. The self-driven integrated underwater mooring monitoring system provided by this invention can achieve energy self-sufficiency through a high-efficiency energy harvesting device and integrates a multi-parameter sensor array, a power management module, and a wireless module. It can perform long-term, in-situ, and continuous monitoring of key elements in the marine environment such as temperature, depth, and salinity. This integrated underwater mooring monitoring system can establish stable underwater observation nodes, providing reliable and abundant basic data support for marine scientific research, resource exploration activities, and marine environmental monitoring and protection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the underwater energy harvesting device with a beak-like friction-electromagnetic composite structure in the embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure in the embodiment; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the swing arm structure in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the triboelectric power generation unit in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic power generation unit in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a self-driven integrated underwater buoy monitoring system in another embodiment.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell, 1-1. Guide plate, 1-2. Coil groove, 1-3. Spring groove, 1-3. Swing rod, 2. Deep groove ball bearing, 2-1. Straight rod, 2-2. Swing shaft, 2-3. Magnet groove, 2-4. Mounting plate, 2-5. Triboelectric power generation unit, 3. First stator electrode, 3-1. Second stator electrode, 3-2. Mover, 3-3. Dielectric film, 3-4. Electromagnetic power generation unit, 4. Permanent magnet, 4-1. Coil, 4-2. Spring, 5. Side plate, 6. Fixed shaft, 7. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "installed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it may be in a component that is centered on it. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or it may also be in a component that is centered on it. When a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly fixed to the other component or it may also be in a component that is centered on it.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] This invention combines a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with an electromagnetic generator (EMG), employing a specially designed shell 1 and energy storage structure. An internal pendulum 2 converts low-frequency wave excitation into continuous oscillating mechanical energy, thereby efficiently driving the triboelectric and electromagnetic power generation units 4 to work in tandem. Based on this logic, this embodiment provides a beak-like triboelectric-electromagnetic composite underwater energy harvesting device. Please refer to... Figure 1It includes: a shell 1, a swing arm 2, a triboelectric power generation unit 3, an electromagnetic power generation unit 4, and an energy storage device.

[0023] The outer shell 1 is one of the key design features of this invention. On one hand, it needs to be sealed to maintain underwater levitation; on the other hand, its special shape design (imitating an eagle's beak) allows the outer shell 1 to effectively amplify the swaying amplitude when impacted by water waves, improving the efficiency of underwater wave energy capture, thus exhibiting high capture and low dissipation characteristics. Specifically, please refer to... Figure 2 In this embodiment, the overall shape of the outer shell 1 is T-shaped. The two ends of the "one" part of the T-shaped outer shell 1 are set as opposite eagle beak shapes, and the internal space of this part is set as a swing limiting area. The internal space at the bottom of the "|" part of the outer shell 1 is set as a hinge part. The swing limiting area is also arc-shaped with the "one" part as its center. An arc-shaped transition part is provided between the "one" part and the "|" part, which reduces underwater swing resistance on the one hand and prevents the swing rod 2 from swinging inside the outer shell 1 on the other hand. Inside the outer shell 1, an arc-shaped guide plate 1-1 is also installed, which has the same arc as the swing limiting area and is also centered on the hinge part, so that the swing rod 2 is slidably connected to the guide plate 1-1. The guide plate 1-1 not only guides the swing rod 2 to swing, but also helps to install the triboelectric power generation unit 3. Openings are provided on both symmetrical sides (both sides in the thickness direction) of the outer shell 1. Matching side plates 6 can be detachably connected to both openings. Specifically, the side plate 6 can be fixed to the outer shell 1 through a static sealing method (such as silicone gasket sealing), ensuring the moisture-proof and dust-proof effect inside the outer shell 1. In addition, a fixing shaft 7 is also connected to the side plate 6. The fixing shaft 7 is located at the lower end of the "|" part on the outer shell 1, and its core function is to realize the reliable fixation and positioning of the underwater energy capture device in complex underwater environments. This design allows the underwater energy capture device to flexibly adapt to various deployment scenarios according to specific monitoring needs: for example, it can be fixed to the underwater support legs of drilling platforms or the pre-set pile foundations of aquaculture farms, or it can be moored to achieve floating fixed-point deployment. This diversified fixing scheme effectively ensures the stability and adaptability of the device under different operating conditions.

[0024] The shape of the lever 2 is also specially designed, comprising: a straight rod 2-2 and a mounting plate 2-5. The straight rod 2-2 can be rod-shaped or a long plate-shaped strip. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 3As shown, to facilitate the installation of the triboelectric power generation unit 3 and the electromagnetic power generation unit 4 on the swing rod 2, the straight rod 2-2 is designed as a long, plate-like structure. Mounting rings are provided on both sides of one end of the straight rod 2-2 in the width direction. Deep groove ball bearings 2-1 are installed in both mounting rings using an interference fit. A swing shaft 2-3 is assembled between the two deep groove ball bearings 2-1 using an interference fit, making the swing shaft 2-3 parallel to the width direction of the straight rod 2-2. The swing shaft 2-3 is installed at the hinge of the outer casing 1, allowing the straight rod 2-2 to rotate along the swing shaft 2-3 within the outer casing 1. A clearance hole is provided at the end of the straight rod 2-2 away from the swing shaft 2-3. The straight rod 2-2 is fitted onto the guide plate 1-1 through the clearance hole, providing a swing guidance effect and enabling more stable swinging. The mounting plate 2-5 is fixed to the end of the straight rod 2-2 near the clearance hole. The mounting plate 2-5 has three magnet slots 2-4 at one end away from the straight rod 2-2 for mounting the permanent magnet 4-1 of the electromagnetic power generation unit 4. The other end of the mounting plate 2-5 is used to mount the mover 3-3 of the triboelectric power generation unit 3.

[0025] The triboelectric power generation unit 3 in this embodiment is specifically designed based on the aforementioned oscillating mechanism, and includes: multiple first stator electrodes 3-1, multiple second stator electrodes 3-2, a dielectric film 3-4, and multiple movers 3-3. The multiple first stator electrodes 3-1 and the multiple second stator electrodes 3-2 are all fixed on the guide plate 1-1. It should be noted that, as... Figure 4 As shown, multiple first stator electrodes 3-1 are electrically connected to each other, and multiple second stator electrodes 3-2 are electrically connected to each other. The first stator electrodes 3-1 and second stator electrodes 3-2 are separated from each other and alternately arranged along a first direction. The first direction is the swing direction of the swing arm 2, i.e., the length direction of the guide plate 1-1. A dielectric film 3-4 is attached to the multiple first stator electrodes 3-1 and the multiple second stator electrodes 3-2. Multiple movers 3-3 are evenly spaced along the first direction and connected to the mounting plate 2-5, contacting the dielectric film 3-4. Please refer again. Figure 1When waves impact the outer casing 1, causing continuous oscillation, the internal pendulum 2 sensitively responds to the change in center of gravity caused by the waves, converting this change into oscillation motion. This causes the mover 3-3 to slide linearly back and forth on the dielectric film 3-4 attached to the first stator electrode 3-1 and the second stator electrode 3-2. The first stator electrode 3-1 and the second stator electrode 3-2 can alternately overlap with the mover 3-3, allowing charge transfer between them and generating an electrical signal. Further, the first stator electrode 3-1 and the second stator electrode 3-2 can be made of copper or aluminum. The dielectric film 3-4 can be made of highly electronegative materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP). The mover 3-3 can be made of rabbit hair. In this embodiment, the rabbit hair can be directly fixed to the mounting plate 2-5 by adhesive. Of course, the first stator electrode 3-1, the second stator electrode 3-2, the dielectric film 3-4, and the mover 3-3 can be freely combined without affecting the functional realization, and are not limited to one of the described combinations.

[0026] like Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnetic power generation unit 4 includes three permanent magnets 4-1 and nine coils 4-2. The three permanent magnets 4-1 can be cylindrical and are respectively fixed to the three magnet slots 2-4 of the mounting plate 2-5 by adhesive. The three permanent magnets 4-1 are arranged along a second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, i.e., the thickness direction of the outer shell 1. Corresponding coil slots 1-2 are provided on the inner side of the outer shell 1 near the mounting plate 2-5. The nine coils 4-2 are fixed one-to-one in the coil slots 1-2 by adhesive. Simultaneously, the nine coils 4-2 are arranged in a 3×3 matrix along the first and second directions, corresponding to the permanent magnets 4-1. When the permanent magnets 4-1 swing on the pendulum 2, they cut the magnetic field lines formed by the coils 4-2 on the inner wall of the outer shell 1. Under the action of Faraday's electromagnetic induction, the coils 4-2 generate alternating current output. Furthermore, the connection method of the nine coils is as follows: first, the end of the first coil is connected to the beginning of the second coil along the first direction, and so on until the third coil. Then it is connected end-to-end to the fourth coil along the second direction, and end-to-end to the sixth coil along the first direction, and so on, up to the ninth coil. This connection method can enhance the electromagnetic induction effect, thereby improving the electromagnetic power generation performance.

[0027] The energy storage device is an important structure in this invention that improves the starting performance under low-frequency, low-amplitude wave excitation. In this embodiment, the energy storage device includes four springs 5, symmetrically distributed in pairs at both ends of the swing direction of the pendulum 2. Specifically, one end of each of the four springs 5 ​​is connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 1 through a spring groove 1-3, and the other end faces the straight rod 2-2. In a weak underwater wave environment, the straight rod 2-2 impacts the springs 5, allowing the springs 5 ​​to store initial energy. When the straight rod 2-2 swings back, the initial energy propels the straight rod 2-2 to swing, thereby improving the starting performance of the pendulum 2.

[0028] In another embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, a self-driven integrated underwater mooring monitoring system is also proposed, comprising: the beak-like friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy harvesting device described in the above embodiment, a marine sensor, a wireless module, and a power management module. When the outer shell 1 is impacted by waves, achieving continuous swinging motion, the pendulum 2 sensitively responds to the change in the device's center of gravity caused by the wave action and converts this change in center of gravity into the swinging motion of the pendulum 2, thereby driving the rabbit hair to slide linearly back and forth on the dielectric film 3-4 attached to the first stator electrode 3-1 and the second stator electrode 3-2. During this process, the first stator electrode 3-1 and the second stator electrode 3-2 can alternately overlap with the gaps of the rabbit hair, causing charge transfer between the first stator electrode 3-1 and the second stator electrode 3-2, thereby generating a triboelectric signal, and the permanent magnet 4-1 located above the rabbit hair moves synchronously, cutting magnetic field lines to generate electrical energy output. The electrical energy generated by the triboelectric power generation unit 3 and the electromagnetic power generation unit 4 is stored after passing through the power management module. The marine sensor can be a multi-parameter sensor array to collect information on key elements in the marine environment such as temperature, depth, and salinity. Subsequently, the wireless module directly utilizes its own generated power to operate and transmit signals. Finally, the wireless monitoring terminal receives the signals and displays data or issues warnings. This self-powered integrated underwater mooring monitoring system has significant application value and potential in multiple fields, including marine observation and monitoring, offshore power supply, marine ranching, offshore operating platforms, and national defense and military facilities. This innovative approach not only helps promote the advancement and development of marine renewable energy technologies but also contributes to achieving energy self-sufficiency for marine equipment and the long-term protection of the marine ecological environment.

[0029] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0030] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An eagle beak type friction-electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device, characterized in that, It includes: The shell is internally provided with: a hinge part, a swing limiting area with the hinge part as the center; A swing rod, one end of which is hingedly connected to the hinge part, and the other end of which is slidingly connected to the shell in the swing limiting area; A friction power generation unit for friction power generation when the swing rod swings in the swing limiting area; An electromagnetic power generation unit for electromagnetic power generation when the swing rod swings in the swing limiting area; An energy storage device for acting on the swing rod to improve the starting performance when the swing rod swings.

2. The hawk-beak-shaped friction-electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is provided in a T shape; both ends of the "one" part of the shell are provided in the shape of a hawk beak and as the swing limiting area; and the bottom end of the "vertical" part of the shell is provided as the hinge part.

3. The hawk-beak-shaped friction-electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Symmetrical two sides of the shell are provided with openings; and two matching side plates are detachably connected to the two openings; The swing limiting area of the shell is provided with an arc-shaped guide plate, and the guide plate has the hinge part as the center; and the swing rod is slidingly connected to the guide plate.

4. The hawk-beak-shaped friction-electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing rod includes: A straight rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the hinge part; A mounting plate connected to the end of the straight rod away from the hinge part; the mounting plate is used for mounting the mover of the friction power generation unit and mounting the permanent magnet of the electromagnetic power generation unit.

5. The hawk-beak like friction- electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction power generation unit includes: A plurality of first stator electrodes and a plurality of second stator electrodes; the first stator electrodes are electrically connected to each other; the second stator electrodes are electrically connected to each other; the first stator electrodes and the second stator electrodes are separated from each other and arranged alternately in a first direction; the first direction is the swing direction of the swing rod; A dielectric film covering the plurality of first stator electrodes and the plurality of second stator electrodes; A plurality of movers uniformly and spacedly connected to the swing rod in the first direction; the plurality of movers are slidingly connected to the dielectric film.

6. The hawk-beak-shaped friction-electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first stator electrode and the second stator electrode are made of copper or aluminum; the dielectric film is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer; and the mover is made of rabbit hair.

7. The hawk beak like friction- electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic power generation unit includes: At least one permanent magnet connected to the end of the swing rod away from the hinge part; At least one coil connected in the shell; when the swing rod swings, the permanent magnet cuts the magnetic induction lines of the coil, and the coil generates current output.

8. The hawk beak like friction- electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is provided in three and arranged in a second direction; The coil is provided in nine and arranged in a 3x3 matrix in the first direction and the second direction; the first direction is the swing direction of the swing rod; and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

9. The hawk beak like friction- electromagnetic combined underwater energy capturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes: an even number of springs symmetrically distributed at both ends of the swing direction of the swing rod; one end of the spring is connected to the shell, and the other end of the spring is arranged towards the swing rod.

10. A self-powered, integrated, moored buoy monitoring system, comprising: It includes: The hawk beak type friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy capturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; An ocean sensor for working with the electric energy generated by the hawk beak type friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy capturing device to collect environmental parameters of the ocean; A wireless module for working with the electric energy generated by the hawk beak type friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy capturing device to transmit the signals collected by the ocean sensor; A power management module for managing and distributing the electric energy generated by the hawk beak type friction-electromagnetic composite underwater energy capturing device.

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