A neuro-monitoring coagulatable and cuttable electrode and electrocoagulation system

Abstract

The application discloses a nerve monitoring coagulation and incision electrode and an electrocoagulation operation system. The nerve monitoring coagulation and incision electrode comprises a handle shell, a coagulation and incision high-frequency operation electrode assembly and a nerve detection electrode assembly arranged in the handle shell, and a driving control mechanism. The driving control mechanism comprises external operating parts and an internal transmission assembly. The external operating parts are respectively in transmission connection with the two electrode assemblies through the internal transmission assembly. When the external operating parts move in a first direction, the high-frequency operation electrode assembly is driven to extend and the nerve detection electrode assembly is synchronously driven to retract. Conversely, the nerve detection electrode assembly is driven to extend and the high-frequency operation electrode assembly is synchronously driven to retract. The application realizes reverse linkage and physical mutual exclusion of the two electrodes through the internal transmission assembly, ensures that only one functional head is in a working position at the same time, and avoids the risk of possible mutual interference of different energies and mis-touching of non-target tissues in the operation process caused by the extension of the two electrodes at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a coagulating and cuttable nerve monitoring electrode and an electrocoagulation surgery system. Background Technology

[0002] In the modern medical field, the development of medical device technology is crucial for improving the safety and effectiveness of surgeries. Especially in delicate surgical procedures such as thyroid and ENT surgeries, effectively avoiding damage to vital nerves while performing tissue cutting and hemostasis has always been a focus of attention in the medical community and the field of medical device research and development. With the continuous advancement of medical technology, people have placed higher demands on the precision and safety of surgeries. Nerve monitoring technology has emerged and is gradually being widely applied, providing important technical support for reducing the risk of nerve damage during surgery.

[0003] To reduce the risk of damaging vital nerves during surgery, modern surgery typically incorporates nerve monitoring technology. In the past, surgeons routinely alternated between holding the electrosurgical unit and the nerve probe during these procedures. The electrosurgical unit was primarily used for cutting and hemostasis, while the nerve probe was used to locate important nerves hidden within complex connective tissue or vascular plexuses. If nerve contact was suspected during the cutting process, the surgeon had to put down the electrosurgical unit and pick up the probe to probe. In addition, some integrated devices are available on the market, some designed with two independent retractable switches, while others are simply fixed side-by-side. Traditional nerve monitoring systems are mostly passive alarm systems, emitting an sound when a nerve is touched.

[0004] However, existing surgical instruments and operating methods have the following technical problems: the alternating holding of the electrosurgical unit and nerve probe by the surgeon makes instrument switching cumbersome, inefficient, and disrupts the continuity of the surgery. Some surgeons, in an effort to save time, rely on experience to perform cutting operations under limited visibility, increasing the probability of nerve thermal or mechanical injury. The design of integrated instruments on the market has flaws; independent telescopic switches are complex to operate, and simple side-by-side fixing can easily lead to interference between the electrosurgical unit and probe or accidental tissue damage. Traditional nerve monitoring systems' passive alarms lack active intervention mechanisms; high-frequency currents may cause irreversible thermal damage before the surgeon can react. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems in the prior art, this application provides a coagulating and cuttable nerve monitoring electrode and an electrocoagulation surgery system.

[0006] The present application provides a coagulating and resectable nerve monitoring electrode and an electrocoagulation surgery system, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A coagulation- and cuttable nerve monitoring electrode includes a handle housing, a high-frequency surgical electrode assembly and a nerve detection electrode assembly disposed within the handle housing, and a drive control mechanism disposed on the handle housing;

[0008] The drive control mechanism includes an external operating component and an internal transmission component; the external operating component is connected to the internal transmission component, and the internal transmission component is respectively connected to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly and the nerve detection electrode assembly;

[0009] The drive control mechanism is configured such that: when the external operating member moves in a first direction, it drives the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly to extend distally via the internal transmission assembly, and simultaneously drives the nerve detection electrode assembly to retract proximally; when the external operating member moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction, it drives the nerve detection electrode assembly to extend distally via the internal transmission assembly, and simultaneously drives the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly to retract proximally.

[0010] In some embodiments, the internal transmission assembly includes:

[0011] A transmission gear, which is rotatably mounted within the handle housing;

[0012] A transmission rack assembly includes a first rack and a second rack, the first rack being fixed to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly and the second rack being fixed to the nerve detection electrode assembly; a transmission gear meshes with the first rack and the second rack respectively, and the first rack and the second rack are located on opposite sides of the transmission gear to form a reverse linkage mechanism.

[0013] In some embodiments, the external operating element is a push-pull button;

[0014] The movement of the push-pull key causes the transmission rack to move, which in turn drives the transmission gear to rotate. The transmission gear then synchronously drives the first rack and the second rack to move in opposite directions.

[0015] In some embodiments, the internal transmission assembly is provided with a preset transmission ratio; the transmission ratio is configured such that when the external operating member moves a preset distance, the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly and the nerve detection electrode assembly move according to their respective preset stroke amplitudes to reach their respective working positions.

[0016] In some embodiments, the handle housing is further provided with a function trigger button; the function trigger button includes an electrocoagulation button and an electrocautery button, the electrocoagulation button and the electrocautery button being used to trigger the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly to perform the electrocoagulation function and the electrocautery function, respectively.

[0017] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the handle housing is provided with elastic positioning ribs;

[0018] The first rack and / or the second rack are provided with a plurality of positioning grooves arranged along their moving direction;

[0019] The elastic positioning rib is configured such that: when the first rack and / or the second rack moves, the elastic positioning rib slides on the surface of the first rack and / or the second rack; when the first rack and / or the second rack stops at a preset position, the elastic positioning rib engages in the positioning groove by its own elastic restoring force to keep the positions of the first rack and the second rack fixed; when the external operating member is subjected to a driving force greater than a preset threshold, the elastic positioning rib undergoes elastic deformation and slides out of the positioning groove, releasing the locking of the first rack and the second rack.

[0020] This application also provides an electrocoagulation surgical system, comprising:

[0021] The neural monitoring coagulation and cut-off electrode;

[0022] An endotracheal tube with contact electrodes is configured to be inserted into a patient to collect electromyographic signals.

[0023] A neural monitoring system, electrically connected to the neural monitoring coagulation and cuttable electrode and the endotracheal cannula with contact electrodes, is used to process neural signals;

[0024] A high-frequency electrocoagulation generator, which is electrically connected to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly, is used to provide electrocautery or electrocoagulation energy;

[0025] An active safety feedback module; the active safety feedback module is communicatively connected to both the nerve monitoring system and the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator; the active safety feedback module is configured to: receive the amplitude of the electromyographic signal output by the nerve monitoring system in real time. The output power of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator is controlled according to the amplitude of the electromyographic signal. When the electromyographic signal indicates a risk of nerve damage, the active safety feedback module sends a cut-off command to the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator to forcibly stop energy output.

[0026] In some embodiments, the active safety feedback module employs a dynamic risk assessment algorithm to control the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator; the dynamic risk assessment algorithm defines a safety threshold index SI, the calculation formula of which is:

[0027] ,

[0028] in, The amplitude of the electromyographic signal monitored at the current moment; The rate of change of the electromyographic signal amplitude; and These are the magnitude weighting coefficient and the rate of change weighting coefficient, respectively; when Greater than the preset danger threshold At that time, the active safety feedback module is in The circuit of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator is cut off within milliseconds.

[0029] In some embodiments, a position sensor is provided inside the handle housing of the neuromonitoring coagulation and cut-off electrode;

[0030] The position sensor is configured to detect the physical position state of the external actuator. and sends the location signal to the active safety feedback module, wherein ;

[0031] The active safety feedback module executes the following control logic based on the position signal:

[0032] Only At that time, the forced blocking function of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator is activated;

[0033] when At this time, the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator is locked in a disabled state, and the sampling frequency of the nerve monitoring system is increased. , making ,in .

[0034] In some embodiments, the active safety feedback module includes an adaptive power adjustment strategy based on both impedance and electromyographic feedback; the strategy is configured to adjust power based on the real-time impedance at the contact tissue. and normalized neural distance signal Adjust output power The adjustment function satisfies:

[0035] ,

[0036] in, The preset maximum output power; This represents the normalized distance between the electrode and the nerve, deduced from electromyographic signals. This is the adjustment coefficient for the power attenuation gradient; This is the safe distance threshold; For the organization type discrimination function, when impedance is detected... The function value is 0 when it falls within the range of characteristic impedance of neural tissue, and 1 otherwise.

[0037] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0038] 1. This application establishes a reverse linkage relationship by having transmission gears in the internal transmission assembly mesh with a first rack (connecting to the surgical electrode) and a second rack (connecting to the probe electrode) located on opposite sides. When the external operating component moves to one side, it drives one electrode to extend to the working position while simultaneously forcing the other electrode to retract. This mechanical interlocking structure physically avoids the risks of energy interference, short circuits, or accidental contact with non-target tissue that may occur when the cutting electrode and the probe electrode extend simultaneously. Furthermore, the surgeon only needs to operate a push-pull button with one hand to switch modes, improving the continuity and safety of the surgical procedure.

[0039] 2. The proactive safety feedback module employs a dynamic risk assessment algorithm to calculate the safety threshold index. This formula not only considers the amplitude of electromyographic signals It also introduced the amplitude change rate. This technology can trigger forced blocking logic in advance by recognizing high rates of change when the electrode rapidly approaches the nerve, causing a sharp increase in signal but before the absolute amplitude reaches the traditional alarm peak. This mechanism transforms nerve monitoring from the traditional "alarm after touch" to "blocking before touch," avoiding high-frequency current thermal damage caused by doctors operating too quickly or reacting too late.

[0040] 3. By real-time detection of the impedance of the contact tissue and normalized neural distance derived from electromyographic signals The system utilizes a sigmoid function-based adjustment strategy to control output power. As the distance between the electrode and the nerve decreases, the system automatically decays the output power according to a nonlinear gradient, and forces it to zero when it detects the impedance characteristics of the nerve tissue. This technique solves the problem of uncontrollable heat diffusion at close range caused by the constant power of traditional electrosurgical units, reducing the radius of heat radiation to surrounding nerve tissue while maintaining cutting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coagulating and cuttable electrode for neural monitoring provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the coagulation-and-cut electrode for central nervous system monitoring;

[0043] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a connection diagram of the electrocoagulation surgery system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. External operating component; 2. High-frequency surgical electrode assembly; 3. Nerve detection electrode assembly; 4. Internal transmission assembly; 41. Transmission gear; 42. First rack; 43. Second rack; 5. Handle housing; 51. Function trigger button; 511. Electrocautery button; 512. Electrocoagulation button; 6. Endotracheal tube with contact electrode; 7. Nerve monitoring system; 8. High-frequency electrocoagulation generator; 9. Active safety feedback module. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, but are not limited thereto. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] This application mainly uses gear transmission to achieve mutual exclusion and intelligent control of electrode extension and retraction, thereby avoiding accidental electrode contact and reducing the risk of nerve damage. The following is a further detailed description of this application.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figures 1-4 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the coagulating and cutting neurosurgical electrode includes a handle housing 5, a coagulating and cutting high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2, a neurosurgical probe electrode assembly 3, and a drive control mechanism. The drive control mechanism is connected to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2 and the neurosurgical probe electrode assembly 3, enabling them to move in opposite directions. This ensures that only one functional head is in the working position at any given time, avoiding the risk of energy interference or short circuits caused by the simultaneous extension of two electrodes.

[0050] Specifically, the drive control mechanism includes an external operating component 1 and an internal transmission assembly 4. The external operating component 1 is a push-pull button, which is convenient for doctors to operate. Of course, a slider or similar component capable of linear movement can also be used instead. A first rack 42 is connected to the bottom of the push-pull button. The first rack 42 is made of metal, has good strength and wear resistance, and is elongated in shape with evenly distributed teeth on its surface. One end of the first rack 42 is firmly connected to the push-pull button, for example, by welding or bolting, to ensure that the two can move synchronously.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The internal transmission component 4 also includes a transmission gear 41, which is rotatably mounted inside the handle housing 5. It is typically mounted via a pin to ensure flexible rotation. The transmission gear 41 is usually made of metal, and its teeth are precisely designed to mesh well with the first rack 42. The first rack 42 is also connected to the rear end of the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2. The rear end of the nerve detection electrode assembly 3 is connected to a second rack 43. The first rack 42 and the second rack 43 are located on the upper and lower sides (or left and right sides) of the transmission gear 41 respectively and mesh with it, thus forming a reverse linkage mechanism.

[0052] Working process and effect: When the doctor pushes the push-pull button forward, the first rack 42 moves forward, extending the surgical electrode. Simultaneously, the first rack 42 drives the transmission gear 41 to rotate counterclockwise (hypothetically). Since the first rack 42 and the second rack 43 are located on opposite sides, the rotation of the transmission gear 41 drives the second rack 43 to move backward, retracting the probe electrode. Conversely, pulling the push-pull button backward retracts the surgical electrode and extends the probe electrode. This design cleverly utilizes the reverse transmission principle of racks and pinions, establishing "mutually exclusive logic" at the physical level. This ensures a "one-forward-one-backward" working mode, eliminating the risk of interference or misjudgment caused by accidental contact of the nerve probe electrode with tissue during high-frequency electrosurgical resection.

[0053] The internal transmission component 4 has a preset transmission ratio, which is adjusted by changing the meshing radius of the transmission gear 41 with different racks. For example, the transmission gear 41 is a coaxial double gear, with the two gears meshing with the first rack 42 and the second rack 43 respectively. The transmission ratio of the internal transmission component 4 is adjusted by changing the number of teeth on the two gears during the design phase. According to ergonomic requirements, surgical electrodes typically need to extend a considerable distance to penetrate tissue, while probe electrodes only need to be slightly exposed. Therefore, this transmission ratio is configured such that when the push-pull button moves a preset distance, the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2 and the nerve probe electrode assembly 3 move according to their respective preset stroke amplitudes to reach their respective working positions. For example, when the push-pull button moves a single stroke, the surgical electrode extends a longer distance (e.g., 30mm), while the probe electrode only extends slightly (e.g., 10mm), meeting different usage requirements.

[0054] Technical benefits: This variable transmission ratio design allows doctors to move only a comfortable finger stroke to bring two electrodes with vastly different stroke requirements to their optimal positions. This ensures both the depth of the surgical electrodes and the precise positioning of the probe electrodes, avoiding the inconvenience caused by excessively extended probe electrodes.

[0055] The handle housing 5 is also equipped with function trigger buttons 51, including an electrocautery button 511 and an electrocoagulation button 512. The electrocautery button 511 and the electrocoagulation button 512 are used to trigger the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2 to perform electrocoagulation and electrocautery functions, respectively. These two buttons are generally designed as push-button buttons with anti-slip textures for easy operation by the doctor. They are connected to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2 via circuitry, so that when the doctor presses the corresponding button, the corresponding function is accurately triggered.

[0056] The inner wall of the handle housing 5 is provided with elastic positioning ribs, which are made of elastic materials such as POM or nylon. The first rack 42 and / or the second rack 43 are provided with multiple positioning grooves arranged along their moving direction. The elastic positioning ribs are configured such that: when the first rack 42 and / or the second rack 43 moves, the elastic positioning ribs slide on the surface of the first rack 42 and / or the second rack 43; when the first rack 42 and / or the second rack 43 stops at a preset position, the elastic positioning ribs are engaged in the positioning grooves by their own elastic restoring force to keep the positions of the first rack 42 and the second rack 43 fixed; when the external operating member 1 is subjected to a driving force greater than a preset threshold, the elastic positioning ribs undergo elastic deformation and slide out of the positioning grooves, releasing the locking of the first rack 42 and the second rack 43. Specifically, the usage process includes the following two states:

[0057] Locked State: When the first rack 42 stops at the preset position, that is, when the push-pull button is pushed to the "electric cutting position" or pulled to the end of the "probe position", the elastic positioning rib is locked into the positioning groove by its own elastic restoring force. At this time, the position of the transmission rack is fixed by the elastic resistance, preventing the electrode from accidentally retracting or shifting due to slight friction between the instrument and the tissue during the operation.

[0058] Sliding state: When the driving force applied by the doctor to the push-pull button is greater than the preset threshold (e.g., 2N), the driving force overcomes the clamping force of the elastic positioning rib, the elastic positioning rib undergoes elastic deformation under force and slides out of the positioning groove, releasing the lock on the first rack 42 and allowing the first rack 42 to move.

[0059] Technical benefits: The design of the elastic positioning ribs provides clear tactile feedback, allowing doctors to confirm that the mode has been switched in place without looking at the handle; at the same time, it achieves "soft locking", which ensures stability during operation without affecting the smoothness of switching.

[0060] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: This nerve monitoring coagulation and cutting electrode, through a unique drive control mechanism, utilizes the reverse transmission of gears and racks to achieve the reverse movement of the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2 and the nerve detection electrode assembly 3, establishing a "mutual exclusion logic" at the physical level. This avoids the problems caused by the simultaneous operation of the two electrodes, improving the safety and efficiency of the surgery. Simultaneously, the preset transmission ratio design meets the working stroke requirements of different electrodes, and the function trigger button 51 allows doctors to easily select different surgical functions. The cooperation between the elastic positioning rib and the positioning groove provides a tactile feedback and positioning function, further ensuring the stability of the electrode during surgery. Compared with existing technologies, this effectively solves the problems of visual field obstruction and accidental touch in traditional combined instruments, revolutionizing the surgical workflow. It allows doctors to quickly switch modes for confirmation at any millisecond during the cutting process, reducing the risk of nerve damage from "probabilistic" to "controllable."

[0061] Example 2

[0062] The electrocoagulation surgical system provided in this application embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a neuro-monitoring coagulable and cuttable electrode, an endotracheal tube 6 with contact electrodes, a neuro-monitoring system 7, a high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8, and an active safety feedback module 9. The neuro-monitoring coagulable and cuttable electrode is used for surgical procedures. The endotracheal tube 6 with contact electrodes is inserted into the patient to collect electromyographic signals. The neuro-monitoring system 7 processes the nerve signals. The high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8 provides electrocautery or electrocoagulation energy to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2. The active safety feedback module 9 controls the output power of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8 based on the amplitude of the electromyographic signals output by the neuro-monitoring system 7. When a risk of nerve damage is detected, the energy output of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8 is promptly cut off, enabling active safety protection and reducing the risk of nerve damage during surgery.

[0063] Specifically, the endotracheal cannula 6 with contact electrodes mainly consists of the cannula body and contact electrodes. The cannula body is mostly made of medical-grade plastic or silicone, which has good flexibility and biocompatibility to reduce irritation to the patient. The contact electrodes are evenly distributed on the surface of the cannula body and are used to collect electromyographic signals from the patient. They are usually made of metals with good conductivity, such as silver or platinum. The cannula body is connected to the nerve monitoring system 7 via wires to transmit the collected electromyographic signals.

[0064] The neural monitoring system 7 is responsible for processing and analyzing electromyographic (EMG) signals. It consists of a signal amplifier, a filter, and a processor. The signal amplifier amplifies the weak EMG signals for subsequent processing; the filter removes noise and interference components from the signal, improving signal quality; and the processor analyzes and judges the processed signal to identify characteristics of neural activity. The neural monitoring system 7 is connected to the active safety feedback module 9 via a data cable, which transmits the amplitude of the processed EMG signals. The data is transmitted in real time to the proactive safety feedback module 9.

[0065] The high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8 is electrically connected to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2, providing it with the energy required for electrocautery or electrocoagulation. It consists of a power supply, an oscillator, a power amplifier, etc. The power supply provides power to the entire generator, the oscillator generates a high-frequency electrical signal, and the power amplifier amplifies the signal to a suitable power level before sending it to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly 2.

[0066] The active safety feedback module 9 is the core of the entire system. It uses a dynamic risk assessment algorithm to control the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8. The dynamic risk assessment algorithm defines a safety threshold index SI, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0067] ,

[0068] in, The amplitude of the electromyographic signal monitored at the current moment; The rate of change of the electromyographic signal amplitude; and These are the magnitude weighting coefficient and the rate of change weighting coefficient, respectively. When Greater than the preset danger threshold At that time, the active safety feedback module 9 in The circuit of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8 is cut off within milliseconds.

[0069] Supplement to working principle: Introduction of rate of change This feature is significant because it enables "trend warning." If the doctor operates too quickly, the electrode rapidly approaches the nerve, at which point, although the signal amplitude... The signal may not have reached the traditional alarm threshold, but the rate of increase is extremely high. The algorithm will detect this drastic change, making... Rise rapidly and exceed This allows for the forced blocking logic to be triggered before the electrodes contact the nerve and cause irreversible damage, thus cutting off the circuit before the signal reaches the threshold.

[0070] The handle housing 5 of the neuromonitoring coagulation and cut-off electrode contains a position sensor, which can be a miniature Hall sensor or a photoelectric switch, etc. The position sensor is configured to detect the physical position of the external operating element 1. and sends the location signal to the active safety feedback module 9, in which .

[0071] The active safety feedback module 9 executes the following control logic based on the position signal:

[0072] Electrical cutting mode protection: only when When the surgical electrode is extended, the forced blocking function of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8 is activated. This is to prevent the blocking logic from being accidentally triggered in the detection mode, which would affect the detection efficiency.

[0073] Enhanced detection mode: When When the nerve detection electrodes are extended, the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator 8 is locked in a disabled state (physically or logically disconnected to prevent accidental pedal activation), and the sampling frequency of the nerve monitoring system 7 is increased. , making ,in (For example, increasing from 5kHz to 20kHz). Technical benefits: Using a high sampling rate in probe mode can capture weaker and more detailed neural signals, achieving high-precision neural localization; while reducing the sampling rate in electrical blocking mode can reduce the system's computational load and focus on rapid blocking.

[0074] The active safety feedback module 9 also includes an adaptive power regulation strategy based on both impedance and electromyographic feedback, which adjusts the power based on the real-time impedance at the point of contact with the tissue. and normalized neural distance signal Adjust output power The adjustment function satisfies:

[0075] ,

[0076] in, The preset maximum output power; This represents the normalized distance between the electrode and the nerve, deduced from electromyographic signals. This is the adjustment coefficient for the power attenuation gradient; This is the safe distance threshold; For the organization type discrimination function, when impedance is detected... The function value is 0 when it falls within the range of characteristic impedance of neural tissue, and 1 otherwise.

[0077] Supplementary explanation of working principle: This formula utilizes the S-shaped curve characteristic of the Sigmoid function, which varies with the distance between the electrode and the nerve. The reduction in output power The descent is not linear, but rather occurs as the distance approaches a safe level. The output power decreases rapidly as the distance between the electrode and the nerve decreases. The smooth descent gives doctors time to react; when it comes into contact with nerve tissue, The output is forced to zero, stopping the output altogether. This mechanism achieves precise control by reducing the intensity as the device gets closer, solving the problem of nerve thermal damage caused by the traditional electrosurgical unit's "one-cut" approach.

[0078] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: This electrocoagulation surgery system, by integrating various components, especially the active safety feedback module 9, utilizes a dynamic risk assessment algorithm, positional interlocking, and adaptive power adjustment strategy to achieve comprehensive intelligent monitoring and active protection of the surgical process. The dynamic risk assessment algorithm can detect nerve damage risks in advance and cut off the power supply in time; the positional interlocking ensures the correct operation of the system in different working modes; and the adaptive power adjustment strategy finely adjusts the output power according to the distance between the electrode and the nerve and the tissue impedance. Compared with traditional passive monitoring systems, this greatly improves the safety of the surgery, reduces the risk of nerve damage, and transforms the system from "passively preventing misoperation" to "actively predicting risks."

[0079] The technical effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:

[0080] (1) This application establishes a reverse linkage relationship by having the transmission gears in the internal transmission assembly mesh with the first rack (connected to the surgical electrode) and the second rack (connected to the probe electrode) located on opposite sides. When the external operating component moves to one side, it drives one electrode to extend to the working position while forcing the other electrode to retract. This mechanical interlocking structure physically eliminates the risk of interference between different energies, short circuits, or accidental contact with non-target tissue that may result from the simultaneous extension of the cutting electrode and the probe electrode. Moreover, the doctor only needs to operate a push-pull button with one hand to complete the mode switching, which improves the continuity and safety of the surgical operation.

[0081] (2) The active safety feedback module employs a dynamic risk assessment algorithm to calculate the safety threshold index SI(t). This formula considers not only the electromyographic signal amplitude A(t) but also the amplitude change rate dA(t) / dt. This technique can trigger the forced blocking logic in advance by identifying high change rates when the electrode rapidly approaches the nerve, causing a sharp increase in signal, but the absolute amplitude has not yet reached the traditional alarm peak value. This mechanism transforms nerve monitoring from the traditional "alarm after touch" to "blocking before touch," avoiding high-frequency current thermal damage caused by doctors operating too quickly or reacting too late.

[0082] (3) By real-time detection of the impedance Z(t) of the contact tissue and the normalized nerve distance inferred from electromyographic signals. The system utilizes a sigmoid function-based adjustment strategy to control output power. As the distance between the electrode and the nerve decreases, the system automatically decays the output power according to a nonlinear gradient, and forces it to zero when it detects the impedance characteristics of the nerve tissue. This technique solves the problem of uncontrollable heat diffusion at close range caused by the constant power of traditional electrosurgical units, reducing the radius of heat radiation to surrounding nerve tissue while maintaining cutting efficiency.

[0083] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An electrocoagulation surgical system, characterized in that, It includes a coagulation and cuttable electrode for nerve monitoring, an endotracheal tube with contact electrodes (6), a nerve monitoring system (7), a high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8), and an active safety feedback module (9); The coagulation- and cuttable nerve monitoring electrode includes a handle housing (5), a high-frequency surgical electrode assembly (2) and a nerve detection electrode assembly (3) disposed in the handle housing (5), and a drive control mechanism disposed on the handle housing (5). A position sensor is provided in the handle housing (5). The drive control mechanism includes an external operating component (1) and an internal transmission component (4); the external operating component (1) is connected to the internal transmission component (4), and the internal transmission component (4) is connected to the high-frequency surgical electrode component (2) and the nerve detection electrode component (3) respectively. The drive control mechanism is configured such that: when the external operating element (1) moves in a first direction, the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly (2) is driven to extend distally via the internal transmission assembly (4), and the nerve detection electrode assembly (3) is simultaneously driven to retract proximally; when the external operating element (1) moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction, the nerve detection electrode assembly (3) is driven to extend distally via the internal transmission assembly (4), and the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly (2) is simultaneously driven to retract proximally. The internal transmission assembly (4) includes: A transmission gear (41) is rotatably mounted inside the handle housing (5); A transmission rack assembly includes a first rack (42) and a second rack (43). The first rack (42) is fixed to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly (2), and the second rack (43) is fixed to the nerve detection electrode assembly (3). A transmission gear (41) meshes with the first rack (42) and the second rack (43) respectively, and the first rack (42) and the second rack (43) are located on opposite sides of the transmission gear (41) to form a reverse linkage mechanism. The external operating component (1) is a push-pull button; The push-pull key moves, causing the transmission rack to move, which in turn drives the transmission gear (41) to rotate. The transmission gear (41) synchronously drives the first rack (42) and the second rack (43) to move in opposite directions. The endotracheal cannula (6) with contact electrodes is configured to be inserted into the patient to collect electromyographic signals; The neural monitoring system (7) is electrically connected to the neural monitoring coagulation and cuttable electrode and the endotracheal cannula (6) with contact electrode, and is used to process neural signals; The high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8) is electrically connected to the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly (2) to provide electrocautery or electrocoagulation energy; The active safety feedback module (9) is communicatively connected to the nerve monitoring system (7) and the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8); the active safety feedback module (9) is configured to receive the amplitude of the electromyographic signal output by the nerve monitoring system (7) in real time. The output power of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8) is controlled according to the amplitude of the electromyographic signal. When the electromyographic signal indicates a risk of nerve damage, the active safety feedback module (9) sends a cut-off command to the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8) to forcibly stop the energy output. The position sensor is configured to detect the physical position state of the external operating element (1). and sends the location signal to the active safety feedback module (9), wherein ; The active safety feedback module (9) executes the following control logic based on the position signal: Only At that time, the forced blocking function of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8) is activated; when At this time, the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8) is locked in a disabled state, and the sampling frequency of the nerve monitoring system (7) is increased. , making ,in To achieve high-precision neural localization.

2. The electrocoagulation surgical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal transmission assembly (4) is set with a preset transmission ratio; the transmission ratio is configured such that when the external operating member (1) moves a preset distance, the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly (2) and the nerve detection electrode assembly (3) move according to their respective preset stroke amplitudes to reach their respective working positions.

3. The electrocoagulation surgical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The handle housing (5) is also provided with a function trigger button (51); the function trigger button (51) includes an electrocoagulation button (512) and an electrocautery button (511), the electrocoagulation button (512) and the electrocautery button (511) are respectively used to trigger the high-frequency surgical electrode assembly (2) to perform the electrocoagulation function and the electrocautery function.

4. The electrocoagulation surgical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the handle housing (5) is provided with elastic positioning ribs; The first rack (42) and / or the second rack (43) are provided with a plurality of positioning grooves arranged along their moving direction; The elastic positioning rib is configured such that: when the first rack (42) and / or the second rack (43) moves, the elastic positioning rib slides on the surface of the first rack (42) and / or the second rack (43); when the first rack (42) and / or the second rack (43) stops at a preset position, the elastic positioning rib is engaged in the positioning groove by its own elastic restoring force to keep the positions of the first rack (42) and the second rack (43) fixed; when the external operating member (1) is subjected to a driving force greater than a preset threshold, the elastic positioning rib undergoes elastic deformation and slides out of the positioning groove, releasing the locking of the first rack (42) and the second rack (43).

5. The electrocoagulation surgical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active safety feedback module (9) uses a dynamic risk assessment algorithm to control the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8); the dynamic risk assessment algorithm defines a safety threshold index SI, the calculation formula of which is: ， in, The amplitude of the electromyographic signal monitored at the current moment; The rate of change of the electromyographic signal amplitude; and These are the magnitude weighting coefficient and the rate of change weighting coefficient, respectively; when Greater than the preset danger threshold At that time, the active safety feedback module (9) in The circuit of the high-frequency electrocoagulation generator (8) is cut off within milliseconds.

6. The electrocoagulation surgical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active safety feedback module (9) includes an adaptive power adjustment strategy based on both impedance and electromyographic feedback; the strategy is configured to adjust power according to the real-time impedance at the point of contact with the tissue. and normalized neural distance signal Adjust output power The adjustment function satisfies: ， in, The preset maximum output power; This represents the normalized distance between the electrode and the nerve, deduced from electromyographic signals. This is the adjustment coefficient for the power attenuation gradient; This is the safe distance threshold; For the organization type discrimination function, when impedance is detected... The function value is 0 when it falls within the range of characteristic impedance of neural tissue, and 1 otherwise.

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