Farmland drainage diversion control device and method based on buoyancy adjustment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and discloses a farmland drainage diversion control device and method based on buoyancy adjustment. According to the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment, by means of the mode that hydrostatic pressure based on buoyancy adjustment is used for driving the gate, only a water pump needs to be used for injecting water into the buoyancy cavities of the left gate body and the right gate body, and the gate tangentially rotates around the axis of the gate in the circumferential direction by means of the water pressure difference and buoyancy change; compared with a traditional mode that a heavy gate needs to be lifted or pressed by bearing the whole dead weight of the gate when being driven to be opened and closed, the electric actuating mechanism does not need to be frequently and directly started and stopped to drive the gate to be frequently opened and closed, energy consumption can be remarkably reduced, and the maintenance frequency of the electric actuating mechanism can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to a farmland drainage diversion control device and method based on buoyancy adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] Farmland drainage is a crucial aspect of agricultural production, ensuring water balance and normal crop growth. Farmland drainage ditches are an essential component of agricultural irrigation and flood control systems, and sluice gates are key facilities for regulating field water levels, ensuring crop growth, and safeguarding farmland against flooding. With increased irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide use in agricultural production, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as pesticide residues and other pollutants generated during these processes, inevitably enter drainage ditches. If discharged directly into external waterways without regulation, this can lead to eutrophication and exacerbate non-point source pollution in rural areas, adversely impacting the regional ecological environment.

[0003] In traditional drainage systems, gates are often used to control the flow direction in order to separate and treat water of different qualities. In existing technologies, water quality sensors are used to monitor the incoming water, and the water quality data is compared with preset thresholds to help determine when to switch the gate state. Then, an electric actuator switches the gate's opening and closing state, thereby achieving the separation and diversion of polluted water from clean water.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that due to the heavy load of the gate itself, the frequent start and stop of the gate when driven by the electric actuator will result in high overall energy consumption. In addition, it relies on an external power source and complex transmission components, and is prone to operational failures due to humid environment, mechanical wear or electrical faults, resulting in poor stability and requiring frequent maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a farmland drainage diversion control device and method based on buoyancy adjustment to solve the problem of high energy consumption when using electric actuators to frequently open and close gates in traditional solutions.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment, comprising a floating diversion gate and a drive execution unit. The floating diversion gate has a semi-circular structure, which is opened and closed by rotating tangentially around its axis. A left gate body and a right gate body are symmetrically arranged along the vertical axis. Both the left and right gate bodies have sealed buoyancy cavities inside, and the buoyancy cavities of the left and right gate bodies are separate. The left and right gate bodies are respectively installed on the upstream side of an outer river channel and a retention pond. The drive execution unit includes a water pump and a tangential valve. The water pump is connected to the buoyancy cavities of the left and right gate bodies respectively through the tangential valves.

[0007] Beneficial effects: By using a hydrostatic pressure-driven gate based on buoyancy regulation, only water pumps are needed to fill the buoyancy chambers of the left and right gate bodies. The gate rotates tangentially around its axis due to the pressure difference and buoyancy changes. The opening and closing of the gate is determined by the change in the water volume within the buoyancy chamber. Compared to traditional methods that require the gate to withstand its own weight to lift or press down when opening and closing heavy gates, this method avoids frequent start-stop of the electric actuator to drive the gate, significantly reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the continuous and gradual water filling process ensures stable gate rotation, avoiding large instantaneous mechanical shocks and extending the device's lifespan. In addition, the elimination of complex electric actuators simplifies the overall layout of the device.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment further includes a detection unit and a control unit. The detection unit includes a pressure sensor and a water quality sensor. The pressure sensor is used to collect the static pressure of the water in the drainage ditch in real time, and the water quality sensor is used to collect the water quality parameters of the water in the drainage ditch in real time. The control unit is connected to the pressure sensor, the water quality sensor, and the tangential valve signal, and is used to receive the static pressure and water quality parameters, generate control commands according to preset pressure thresholds and water quality thresholds, and selectively inject water into the buoyancy cavity of the left gate or the right gate according to the control commands.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy regulation further includes two culverts after the gate; the left gate body of the floating diversion gate is connected to the outer river channel through one of the culverts after the gate, and the right gate body is connected to the retention pond through the other culvert after the gate.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, both the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body are provided with water outlets, and each water outlet is provided with a normally closed solenoid valve controlled by a control unit.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the buoyancy-based farmland drainage diversion control device further includes a power supply unit, which includes a photoelectric converter and a battery. The photoelectric converter receives solar energy and converts it into electrical energy. The battery is electrically connected to the photoelectric converter and stores electrical energy. The battery also provides power to various electrical appliances.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the water pump is connected to the inlet end of the tangential valve via a flow guide hose and a clamping tube bundle, and the outlet end of the tangential valve is connected to the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body via a pair of flow guide hoses respectively.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the water pump is arranged close to the axis of the float diversion gate.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a farmland drainage diversion control method based on buoyancy adjustment, applied to the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment provided in the previous aspect. The control method includes the following steps: real-time monitoring of the static pressure of the water in the drainage ditch through a pressure sensor; when the static pressure of the water reaches a preset upper limit threshold, acquiring the current water quality data of the water body through a water quality sensor; the control unit determines whether the water quality meets the preset discharge standard; if the water quality meets the standard, controlling the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body to inject water, causing the left gate body to sink and open the passage connecting to the external river channel tangentially around the axis, discharging the water into the external river channel; if the water quality does not meet the standard, controlling the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body to inject water, causing the right gate body to sink and open the passage connecting to the retention pond tangentially around the axis, discharging the water into the retention pond; when the water level parameter drops to a preset lower limit threshold, controlling the buoyancy cavity of the opened gate body to drain water, causing the gate body to float up and close, restoring the initial state.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By using water level (hydrostatic pressure) as the primary criterion, a response is immediately initiated when the water level reaches the upper threshold. Water quality is used as the secondary criterion to determine the drainage direction, diverting clean and contaminated water to different areas, thus achieving a synergistic dual objective of drainage management. Simultaneously, it establishes a fully automated process encompassing sensing, judgment, decision-making, execution, and resetting. Compared to traditional manual inspections, experience-based judgments, or simple automatic control based solely on water level, this eliminates the risk of pollution discharge due to human negligence or misjudgment. Furthermore, the characteristics of the buoyancy adjustment device provided in the previous section enable this method to reduce energy consumption during execution.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, during the step of injecting water into the buoyancy cavity of the left gate or the buoyancy cavity of the right gate, the water injection operation continues until the corresponding gate sinks to the maximum opening position defined by the gate limit plate.

[0017] In one optional implementation, if the water quality changes during the drainage process, the control unit determines in real time and performs one of the following operations: maintain the current gate open state until the end of the drainage event; or interrupt the current drainage, empty the cavity of the water-filled gate body and close the gate, and then refill the other gate body with water and open the gate according to the new water quality judgment.

[0018] In one alternative implementation, the control unit converts the hydrostatic pressure of the water body into water level based on hydrostatic formulas. The hydrostatic formula for water is:

[0019] In the formula, P represents the hydrostatic pressure of the water body measured by the pressure sensor; Indicates the density of water; Represents gravitational acceleration; This refers to the distance between the pressure sensor installation position and the bottom of the gate. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A perspective view of a farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A partial front view of a farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 4 A partial front view of the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment provided in this embodiment of the invention when the inlet of the culvert behind the left gate is opened; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the farmland drainage diversion control method based on buoyancy adjustment provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Floating diversion gate; 101. Left gate body; 102. Right gate body; 103. Outlet; 104. Shaft impeller; 2. Drive actuator; 201. Water pump; 202. Tangential valve; 203. Flow guide hose; 204. Clamping tube bundle; 3. Detection unit; 301. Pressure sensor; 302. Water quality sensor; 4. Control unit; 5. Culvert after the gate; 6. Culvert foundation; 7. Power supply unit; 8. Protective casing; 9. Metal bracket; 10. Gate cover plate; 11. Gate base; 12. Gate limit plate; 13. Gate central column. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The following is combined Figures 1 to 5 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] According to embodiments of the present invention, one aspect is the provision of a farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a floating diversion gate 1 and a drive execution unit 2.

[0026] Among them, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the floating diversion gate 1 has a semi-circular structure. It is opened and closed by rotating tangentially around its axis. The left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102 are symmetrically arranged along the vertical line. The interior of the left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102 are both sealed buoyancy cavities. The buoyancy cavities of the left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102 are separate. The left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102 are respectively installed on the upstream side of the outer river channel and the retention pond. The drive execution unit 2 includes a water pump 201 and a tangential valve 202. The water pump 201 is connected to the buoyancy cavities of the left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102 through the tangential valve 202.

[0027] With this configuration, by using hydrostatic pressure driven by buoyancy adjustment, water pump 201 is used to fill the buoyancy chambers of the left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102 with water. The gate rotates tangentially around its axis by the water pressure difference and buoyancy changes. The opening and closing of the gate is determined by the change in the amount of water in the buoyancy chamber. Compared with the traditional method of driving heavy gates to open and close, which requires the gate to be lifted or pressed down by its own weight, the electric actuator is not frequently started and stopped to drive the gate to open and close frequently, which can significantly reduce energy consumption.

[0028] Meanwhile, because the water injection process of the gate is continuous and gradual, the gate can rotate stably, avoiding large instantaneous mechanical impacts and thus extending the service life of the device.

[0029] Furthermore, the elimination of complex electric actuators simplifies the overall layout of the device.

[0030] Of course, by forming different discharge paths, water can be discharged into external rivers when the water quality meets the standards, and into retention ponds for regulation when the water quality does not meet the standards, so as to facilitate subsequent treatment or slow release. This way, water quality safety and drainage efficiency requirements can be met at the same time, while taking into account environmental protection and farmland irrigation and drainage needs.

[0031] The water pump 201 is configured to selectively inject water into the buoyancy chamber of the left gate body 101 or the right gate body 102 through the tangential valve 202, and use the resulting buoyancy difference to drive the gate to rotate tangentially around the axis.

[0032] It can be explained that a central rotating wheel 104 is coaxially located at the axis of the floating diversion gate 1. During installation, a rotating shaft is installed at the axis of the floating diversion gate 1, and the central rotating wheel 104 is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The central rotating wheel 104 rotates synchronously with the floating diversion gate 1.

[0033] The rotating shaft is embedded in the central column 13 of the gate, and the central rotating wheel 104 rotates synchronously with the left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102.

[0034] It can be noted that the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy regulation also includes a gate base 11, which is equipped with an installation chamber.

[0035] Preferably, the mounting chamber is cylindrical.

[0036] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the installation chamber, at which time the outer edge of the float diversion gate 1 is slidably installed in the groove.

[0037] It can be noted that the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment also includes a gate cover plate 10, which is installed above the gate base 11.

[0038] It can be noted that the floating diversion gate 1 is also equipped with a gate column 13 arranged along the vertical line.

[0039] Among them, the gate column 13 is arranged on the upstream side of the floating body diversion gate 1.

[0040] Furthermore, the gate central column 13 is integrally formed with the gate base 11 and will not rotate with the floating diversion gate 1.

[0041] Preferably, the tangential valve 202 and the water pump 201 are both installed on the gate column 13.

[0042] It can be explained that the left gate is used to control the opening and closing of the circuit connecting to the external river channel, and is used to discharge water that meets the standards; the right gate is used to control the opening and closing of the circuit connecting to the retention pond, and is used to regulate water that does not meet the standards.

[0043] It should be noted that there are no specific restrictions on the selection of the tangential valve 202.

[0044] Preferably, the tangential valve 202 is a three-way solenoid valve.

[0045] It can be noted that a gate limit plate 12 is installed at the floating diversion gate 1.

[0046] Preferably, there are two gate limiting plates 12, which are used as limiting structures during the rotation of the left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102, respectively.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment also includes a detection unit 3 and a control unit 4. The detection unit 3 includes a pressure sensor 301 and a water quality sensor 302. The pressure sensor 301 is used to collect the static pressure of the water in the drainage ditch in real time, and the water quality sensor 302 is used to collect the water quality parameters of the water in the drainage ditch in real time. The control unit 4 is connected to the pressure sensor 301, the water quality sensor 302, and the tangential valve 202. It is used to receive the static pressure and water quality parameters, generate control commands according to preset pressure thresholds and water quality thresholds, and selectively inject water into the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body 101 or the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body 102 according to the control commands.

[0048] This setup, by using pressure sensor 301 to collect static pressure data of the water in the drainage ditch in real time, can accurately reflect the water level data. The control unit 4 compares this data with the preset pressure threshold to accurately determine the real-time water situation in the drainage ditch. Combined with water quality sensor 302 to monitor the water quality in real time, it can accurately determine whether the incoming water is polluted or clean. By integrating and analyzing water quality data and water level data, intelligent diversion based on multi-parameter comprehensive judgment is achieved, making the diversion action more in line with the actual needs of ecological environment protection and water resource management.

[0049] Meanwhile, based on pressure and water quality data, the control unit 4 can selectively specify the injection of water into the buoyancy chamber of the left or right gate body 102, avoiding unnecessary start-stop or redundant actions of the water pump 201 and tangential valve 202. Under the premise of realizing the control function, the hydraulic drive process is simplified, which helps to further save energy consumption.

[0050] In addition, it can construct an automated control process from environmental parameter (water level, water quality) perception, to data processing and intelligent decision-making, to generating instructions to drive the actuators (water pump 201, valve) to complete the gate state switching, reducing reliance on manual labor and helping to realize unattended automated processes in remote and vast farmland areas.

[0051] When the pressure sensor 301 detects that the static pressure of the water body reaches the preset upper limit threshold, the control unit 4 acquires water quality data. If the water quality meets the standard, it controls the tangential valve 202 to switch the flow direction to inject water into the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body 101, causing the left gate body 101 to sink and drive the floating diversion gate 1 to open the passage connecting to the outer river channel. If the water quality does not meet the standard, it controls the tangential valve 202 to switch to another flow direction to inject water into the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body 102, causing the right gate body 102 to sink and drive the floating diversion gate 1 to open the passage connecting to the retention pond. When the water level drops to the preset lower limit threshold, it controls the buoyancy cavity of the corresponding gate body to drain water, causing the gate to close.

[0052] Furthermore, the control unit 4 is equipped with an upper pressure threshold and a lower pressure threshold. When the actual pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 301 is higher than the upper pressure threshold, the control unit 4 issues a drainage command and the tangential valve 202 switches to the working state of connecting to the external river channel. When the actual pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 301 is lower than the lower pressure threshold, the control unit 4 issues a drainage end command, thereby realizing automatic judgment and control of the drainage process.

[0053] It can be noted that the control unit 4 is installed on the gate cover plate 10.

[0054] It can be noted that the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment also includes a protective housing 8, and the control unit 4 is installed inside the protective housing 8.

[0055] It can be noted that both the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body 101 and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body 102 are provided with water outlets 103, and each water outlet 103 is provided with a normally closed solenoid valve controlled by the control unit 4.

[0056] With this configuration, normally closed solenoid valves are installed at the outlet 103 of the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body 101 and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body 102. The normally closed solenoid valves are controlled by the control unit 4, so that the normally closed solenoid valves can be opened and closed as needed under the command of the control unit 4. This allows for precise control of the filling and draining volume of the buoyancy cavity and optimization of the control strategy.

[0057] For example, when the control unit 4 determines that the gate has rotated to the expected position (such as fully open or closed), it can immediately shut off the water pump 201 and briefly open the solenoid valve of the corresponding cavity to quickly release a small amount of water, accurately counteract the residual buoyancy or inertia, so that the gate can quickly and stably stop at the preset mechanical limit point, ensuring accurate and reliable operation.

[0058] For example, after a drainage event ends, the control unit 4 sends a control command to the normally closed solenoid valve where the water injection side gate is located, to complete the drainage action of the outlet 103 of the buoyancy cavity on that side, so that the buoyancy diversion gate 1 is closed, restoring the initial state and realizing closed-loop automatic control of drainage.

[0059] It can be noted that the floating diversion gate 1 is made entirely of corrosion-resistant, high-strength composite materials, possessing water resistance and anti-aging properties, ensuring long-term structural stability and service life, and reducing maintenance frequency and costs. For example, stainless steel.

[0060] It can be explained that the pressure sensor 301 is installed in the drainage ditch to collect water static pressure data in real time and transmit the detected value to the control unit 4. The control unit 4 converts the pressure value into water level based on the hydrostatic formula, providing a decision basis for the opening and closing of the floating diversion gate 1. At the same time, the data recording can be used to analyze the law of farmland drainage process.

[0061] Similarly, the water quality sensor 302 is installed in the drainage ditch. When the control unit 4 transmits the water quality monitoring command, it detects the water quality parameters in the drainage ditch in real time, including but not limited to water quality information such as nitrogen, phosphorus, pH value, and dissolved oxygen. The water quality information is then fed back to the control unit 4 for water quality compliance judgment and drainage control.

[0062] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy regulation also includes a culvert 5 after the gate, and there are two culverts 5 after the gate; the left gate body 101 of the floating diversion gate 1 is connected to the outer river through one of the culverts 5 after the gate, and the right gate body 102 is connected to the retention pond through the other culvert 5 after the gate.

[0063] This configuration, by providing separate culverts 5 for the outer river channel and the retention pond, ensures that the outflow from the outer river channel and the retention pond does not interfere with each other. It also ensures that when the floating diversion gate 1 rotates towards the target side under buoyancy, the water flow can smoothly flow into the target water area, thus achieving directional flow guidance.

[0064] That is, by constructing a clear water flow path, precise diversion can be achieved simply by opening and closing the gate, avoiding the phenomenon of additional adjustments and repeated actions caused by chaotic flow channels.

[0065] It can be explained that the retention pond contains water purification substances, and the water is discharged into the external river channel after being purified and meeting the water quality standards.

[0066] Among them, water purification materials can be selected from material-based water purification materials, ecological plant-based water purification media, chemical adsorption and mineral media, organic adsorption materials, etc.

[0067] For example, physical water purification materials include at least one of microbial ceramsite (biological ceramsite) and volcanic rock / pumice biofilm media; ecological plant-based water purification media include at least one of submerged plants (such as goldfish algae, Elodea nuttallii), emergent plants (such as cattail, reed, calamus, variegated reed), and floating-leaved / floating plants (such as water lilies); chemical adsorption and mineral media include zeolite; organic adsorption materials include activated carbon (powder / granules) and biochar (bamboo charcoal, straw charcoal).

[0068] It can be noted that the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy regulation also includes a culvert foundation 6. Along the direction of water flow, the culvert foundation 6 is arranged on the downstream side of the gate foundation 11, and the culvert 5 is installed inside the culvert foundation 6.

[0069] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy regulation also includes a power supply unit 7. The power supply unit 7 includes a photoelectric converter and a storage battery. The photoelectric converter is used to receive solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. The storage battery is electrically connected to the photoelectric converter and is used to store electrical energy. The storage battery is also used to provide power to various electrical appliances.

[0070] This configuration, by adding a photoelectric converter and a battery, converts solar energy into electrical energy, stores it, and uses it to power the control unit 4, sensors, solenoid valves, and other loads. This reduces dependence on the power grid, eliminating the need for an external power grid, laying cables, installing distribution boxes, and other equipment, thus simplifying the device layout. It also enables continuous operation in environments without a power grid or in remote locations.

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the water pump 201 is connected to the inlet end of the tangential valve 202 through the flow guide hose 203 and the clamp tube bundle 204. The outlet end of the tangential valve 202 is connected to the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body 101 and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body 102 through a pair of flow guide hoses 203 respectively.

[0072] This configuration, by connecting the inlet ends of the water pump 201 and the tangential valve 202 with a flow guide hose 203, and by connecting the outlet end of the tangential valve 202 to the buoyancy chambers of the left gate body 101 and the right gate body 102 respectively with a pair of flow guide hoses 203, creates a flexible and adaptable flow channel that can adapt to complex pipe layout paths and effectively absorb vibrations caused by the operation of the water pump 201 and water flow impact, reducing the risk of failure due to vibration.

[0073] It can be noted that the flow guide hose 203 is a threaded hose.

[0074] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the water pump 201 is arranged near the axis of the floating diversion gate 1.

[0075] With this configuration, since the gate axis is a position whose relative spatial position remains unchanged or changes very little during its overall rotation, by arranging the water pump 201 close to the axis of the floating diversion gate 1, the relative displacement between the two connection points of the flow guide hose 203 connecting the outlet of the water pump 201 and the inlet of the tangential valve 202 can be reduced. This avoids the hose being repeatedly stretched, compressed, or severely bent due to the large opening and closing of the gate, reduces the fatigue aging rate of the hose material caused by periodic stress, and thus extends the service life of the key connection components of the core hydraulic passage.

[0076] The buoyancy-based farmland drainage diversion control device provided in the above embodiments achieves automated control of "whether to drain" and "where to drain" farmland drainage through dual detection of water level and water quality, preventing excessively polluted water from being directly discharged into external waterways. Secondly, the buoyancy-driven gate opening and closing mechanism is simple in structure, reliable in operation, and can reduce maintenance costs. Thirdly, by adding a solar power supply mechanism, the applicability of the device in remote farmland areas is improved. In addition, this device can achieve pollution reduction and water resource recycling while ensuring timely drainage of farmland.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a farmland drainage diversion control method based on buoyancy adjustment is also provided, which is applied to the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment provided in the preceding aspect.

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the process of the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment in actual use is as follows: the pressure sensor 301 detects the water level of the upstream ditch section in real time and transmits the water level information to the control unit 4. When the water level reaches the drainage requirement, the control unit 4 instructs the water quality sensor 302 to work. The water quality sensor 302 feeds back the collected water quality information to the control unit 4. The control unit 4 then adopts different discharge paths according to whether the water quality meets the standards.

[0079] The following illustration uses the example of a channel connecting to an external river on the left and a retention pond on the right.

[0080] Specifically, when the water quality meets the discharge standards, the control unit 4 instructs the water pump 201 to continuously inject water into the left gate body 101, and instructs the normally closed solenoid valves on both sides of the gate body to close, so that the entire floating diversion gate 1 rotates around the axis. Figure 2 The gate rotates counterclockwise as shown, discharging water into the outer river channel. Once discharge is complete or water quality fails to meet standards, the normally closed solenoid valve of the left gate body 101 is opened, continuously discharging water from inside the left gate body 101, causing the entire floating diversion gate 1 to rotate around its axis. Figure 2Rotate clockwise as shown until the gate is completely blocked.

[0081] Of course, when the water quality does not meet the discharge standards, the control unit 4 instructs the water pump 201 to continuously inject water into the right gate body 102, and instructs the normally closed solenoid valves at both gate bodies to close, so that the float diversion gate 1 rotates around the axis. Figure 2 The gate rotates clockwise as shown, discharging water into the retention pond. Once discharge is complete or water quality meets standards, the normally closed solenoid valve of the right gate body 102 is opened, continuously discharging water from inside the right gate body 102, causing the entire floating diversion gate 1 to rotate around its axis. Figure 2 Rotate counterclockwise as shown until the gate is completely blocked.

[0082] That is, the control method includes the following steps: real-time monitoring of the static pressure of the water in the drainage ditch by pressure sensor 301; when the static pressure of the water reaches the preset upper limit threshold, obtaining the current water quality data of the water body by water quality sensor 302; control unit 4 determining whether the water quality meets the preset discharge standard; if the water quality meets the standard, controlling the buoyancy cavity of the left gate 101 to fill with water, causing the left gate 101 to sink and open the passage connecting to the outer river channel tangentially around the axis, discharging the water into the outer river channel; if the water quality does not meet the standard, controlling the buoyancy cavity of the right gate 102 to fill with water, causing the right gate 102 to sink and open the passage connecting to the retention pond tangentially around the axis, discharging the water into the retention pond; when the water level parameter drops to the preset lower limit threshold, controlling the buoyancy cavity of the opened gate to drain water, causing the gate to float up and close, restoring the initial state.

[0083] This setup uses water level (hydrostatic pressure) as the primary criterion, triggering an immediate response when the water level reaches the upper limit threshold. It also uses water quality as the secondary criterion to determine the direction of drainage, diverting clean water and polluted water to different areas, thus achieving a synergistic dual objective of drainage management.

[0084] At the same time, it forms an automated process that integrates perception, judgment, decision-making, execution, and reset. Compared with traditional manual inspection, experience-based judgment, or simple automatic control based solely on water level, it eliminates the risk of pollution discharge caused by human negligence or misjudgment.

[0085] Furthermore, based on the characteristics of the buoyancy adjustment device provided above, this method can reduce energy consumption during execution.

[0086] It should be noted that in practical applications, the device status needs to be flexibly switched according to different rainfall conditions.

[0087] For example, during the high-water season or flood season, when the water level in the fields rises rapidly, the left gate 101 can be activated first based on real-time water quality data to quickly discharge qualified water and ensure the flood control needs of farmland.

[0088] During dry seasons or droughts, when the water in the drainage ditches is limited, the system can delay the opening of the gates to maintain a certain water level in the ditches for secondary use in farmland. If the water quality does not meet the standards, the water will be introduced into a retention pond, purified ecologically, and then reused for farmland irrigation, thus realizing the recycling of water resources.

[0089] In one embodiment, during the step of injecting water into the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body 101 or the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body 102, the water injection operation continues until the corresponding gate body sinks to the maximum opening position defined by the gate limit plate 12.

[0090] With this configuration, the gate limit plate 12 acts as a rigid structure, providing a limit for the gate rotation process and preventing the gate from being over-opened.

[0091] In one embodiment, if the water quality changes during the drainage process, the control unit 4 determines in real time and performs one of the following operations: maintain the current gate open state until the end of the drainage event; or interrupt the current drainage, empty the cavity of the water-filled gate body and close the gate, and then refill the other gate body with water and open the gate according to the new water quality judgment.

[0092] This configuration allows for flexible adjustment mechanisms, such as using control unit 4 to maintain the gate open until the drainage event ends, or using control unit 4 to interrupt the current drainage, empty the cavity of the water-filled gate and close the gate, and then refill the other gate and open the gate based on the new water quality assessment. This enables dynamic optimization of the water's destination based on real-time feedback water quality data.

[0093] For example, when water quality suddenly deteriorates, the ongoing operation that was planned to discharge into the outer river can be immediately interrupted. Then, by quickly emptying the cavity, closing the gate, and switching to the retention pond side, the diversion and diversion can be completed before the polluted water reaches the outlet of the outer river, thus preventing sudden pollution discharge events caused by dynamic changes in water quality and improving environmental safety assurance capabilities.

[0094] In one embodiment, the control unit 4 converts the hydrostatic pressure of the water body into the water level based on the hydrostatic formula; The hydrostatic formula for water is:

[0095] In the formula, P represents the hydrostatic pressure of the water body measured by the pressure sensor; Indicates the density of water; Represents gravitational acceleration; This refers to the distance between the pressure sensor installation position and the bottom of the gate.

[0096] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment, characterized in that, include: The floating diversion gate (1) has a semi-circular structure. It is opened and closed by rotating along the tangential direction of the circle with its axis as the fulcrum. The left gate body (101) and the right gate body (102) are symmetrically arranged along the vertical line. The interior of the left gate body (101) and the right gate body (102) are sealed buoyancy cavities. The buoyancy cavity of the left gate body (101) and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body (102) are separated. The left gate body (101) and the right gate body (102) are respectively installed on the upstream side of the outer river channel and the retention pond. The drive execution unit (2) includes a water pump (201) and a tangential valve (202). The water pump (201) is connected to the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body (101) and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body (102) through the tangential valve (202).

2. The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy-based farmland drainage diversion control device also includes: The detection unit (3) includes a pressure sensor (301) and a water quality sensor (302). The pressure sensor (301) is used to collect the static pressure of the water in the drainage ditch in real time, and the water quality sensor (302) is used to collect the water quality parameters of the water in the drainage ditch in real time. The control unit (4) is connected to the pressure sensor (301), water quality sensor (302), and tangential valve (202) for receiving water static pressure and water quality parameters, generating control commands according to preset pressure thresholds and water quality thresholds, and selectively injecting water into the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body (101) or the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body (102) according to the control commands.

3. The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy regulation also includes a gate culvert (5), of which two culverts (5) are provided; The left gate body (101) of the floating diversion gate (1) is connected to the outer river channel through one of the culverts (5) after the gate, and the right gate body (102) is connected to the retention pond through another culvert (5).

4. The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy cavity of the left gate body (101) and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body (102) are both provided with water outlets (103), and each water outlet (103) is provided with a normally closed solenoid valve controlled by the control unit (4).

5. The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy regulation also includes a power supply unit (7), which includes a photoelectric converter and a storage battery. The photoelectric converter is used to receive solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. The storage battery is electrically connected to the photoelectric converter and is used to store electrical energy. The storage battery is used to provide power to various electrical appliances.

6. The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pump (201) is connected to the inlet end of the tangential valve (202) through a flow guide hose (203) and a clamp tube bundle (204). The outlet end of the tangential valve (202) is connected to the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body (101) and the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body (102) through a pair of flow guide hoses (203).

7. The farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water pump (201) is arranged close to the axis of the floating body diversion gate (1).

8. A method for farmland drainage diversion control based on buoyancy adjustment, applied to the farmland drainage diversion control device based on buoyancy adjustment as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The control method includes the following steps: The static pressure of the water in the drainage ditch is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor (301); When the static pressure of the water body reaches the preset upper limit threshold, the water quality data of the current water body is obtained through the water quality sensor (302); The control unit (4) determines whether the water quality meets the preset discharge standards; If the water quality meets the standards, the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body (101) is filled with water, causing the left gate body (101) to sink and open the passage connecting the outer river channel tangentially around the axis, so that the water is discharged into the outer river channel. If the water quality does not meet the standards, the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body (102) is controlled to be filled with water, so that the right gate body (102) sinks and opens the passage connecting the storage pond tangentially around the axis, and the water is discharged into the storage pond. When the water level parameter drops to the preset lower threshold, the buoyancy chamber of the opened gate is drained, causing the gate to float up and close, restoring the initial state.

9. The farmland drainage diversion control method based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step of injecting water into the buoyancy cavity of the left gate body (101) or the buoyancy cavity of the right gate body (102), the water injection operation continues until the corresponding gate body sinks to the maximum opening position defined by the gate limit plate (12).

10. The farmland drainage diversion control method based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the drainage process, if the water quality changes during the drainage period, the control unit (4) will make a judgment in real time and perform one of the following operations: maintain the current gate open state until the end of this drainage event; or interrupt the current drainage, empty the cavity of the water-filled gate body and close the gate, and then refill the other gate body with water and open the gate according to the new water quality judgment.

11. The farmland drainage diversion control method based on buoyancy adjustment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control unit (4) converts the hydrostatic pressure of the water body into the water level based on the hydrostatic formula; The hydrostatic formula for water is: In the formula, P represents the hydrostatic pressure of the water body measured by the pressure sensor; Indicates the density of water; Represents gravitational acceleration; This refers to the distance between the pressure sensor installation position and the bottom of the gate.

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