Drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment

Abstract

The sand and mud removing equipment comprises a rotating cylinder which is installed in a drilling fluid tank and electrically connected with a rotating driving component, holes are formed in the side face of the rotating cylinder, the two end faces of the rotating cylinder are closed, the outer portion of the side face of the rotating cylinder is covered with a filter screen, and the interior of the rotating cylinder is divided into a positive pressure area and a negative pressure area. The negative pressure area is used for enabling drilling fluid to penetrate through the filter screen and the rotating cylinder from the interior of the drilling fluid tank through negative pressure, a drilling fluid discharging pipeline used for discharging the sucked drilling fluid is arranged in the negative pressure area, and an air blowing part used for blowing away rock debris on the filter screen is arranged in the position, facing the filter screen, of the positive pressure area; the scraping component is arranged on the outer side of the filter screen and faces the filter screen to scrape rock debris on the filter screen. By means of the equipment, sand and mud removal can be conducted on drilling fluid with different parameters, the workload of a downstream centrifugal machine is prevented from being aggravated, the probability that the centrifugal machine is stuck or blocked is reduced, drilling tool sticking and drilling stopping are avoided, the electrical logging and well cementation quality cannot be affected, and the permeability of an oil and gas reservoir and the production capacity of oil and gas can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling fluid solid phase control equipment technology, and more specifically, to a drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In oil drilling operations, drilling fluid desanding and desilting hydrocyclones are crucial equipment in four-stage solids control. During the drilling process, from shallow to deep, the density of the drilling fluid gradually increases (from low to high, 1.1 g / cm³) according to the drilling process requirements. 3 ~2.5g / cm 3 As the formation and well depth increase, the size of the cuttings also decreases, and the content of the cuttings also changes continuously with the changes in well depth and drilling speed.

[0003] An existing type of cyclone sand and mud removal cleaner, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an existing cyclone desanding and desilting cleaner, which includes a support 101, a vibrating screen 102, a collection tray 103, a desilter 104, and a desander 105. However, this cyclone desanding and desilting cleaner has certain limitations. It can only process drilling fluids in different conditions with the same structure and operating parameters. This results in low desanding and desilting efficiency in most cases, and in some cases, it cannot remove sand and mud at all. In particular, when the density of the drilling fluid being processed is high, the difference between the density of rock cuttings and the density of the drilling fluid becomes smaller and smaller. The cyclone desanding and desilting cleaner has difficulty separating rock cuttings from the fluid, thus failing to perform its desanding and desilting function. As a result, the solid particles in the drilling fluid continue to increase, which increases the workload of the downstream centrifuge and the probability of the centrifuge getting stuck or blocked. This leads to severe wear on equipment such as mud pumps, drill bits, drilling tools, and downhole instruments, as well as reduced drilling speed or even stuck drill bits and drilling stoppage. At the same time, it affects the quality of electrical logging and cementing, and reduces the permeability of oil and gas reservoirs and the production capacity of oil and gas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a drilling fluid desanding and desliming device that can desand and deslim drilling fluids with different parameters, avoiding increasing the workload of downstream centrifuges, reducing the probability of centrifuge jamming or clogging, preventing drill bit jamming and drilling stoppages, and without affecting electrical logging and cementing quality, thereby improving the permeability of oil and gas reservoirs and the production capacity of oil and gas.

[0005] The present invention provides a drilling fluid desanding and desilting device, comprising a rotating cylinder installed in a drilling fluid tank and electrically connected to a rotating drive component. The rotating cylinder has holes on its side and is closed at both ends. The side of the rotating cylinder is covered with a filter screen and is divided into a positive pressure zone and a negative pressure zone. The negative pressure zone is used to draw drilling fluid from the drilling fluid tank through the filter screen and the rotating cylinder using negative pressure. The negative pressure zone also has a drilling fluid discharge pipeline for discharging the drawn-in drilling fluid. The positive pressure zone is provided with an air blowing component facing the filter screen for blowing away rock cuttings on the filter screen. The device also includes a scraping component located outside the filter screen and facing the filter screen to scrape away rock cuttings on the filter screen.

[0006] Preferably, the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment further includes a positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism that is simultaneously connected to the negative pressure zone and the positive pressure zone. The positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism includes a partition rectangular plate that divides the internal space of the rotating cylinder into a negative pressure zone and a positive pressure zone, and also includes a negative pressure pipe and a positive pressure pipe that are respectively connected to the negative pressure end and the positive pressure end of the negative pressure fan. The other end of the negative pressure pipe is also connected to a negative pressure suction pipe. The negative pressure suction pipe is a bent pipe, and its free end is located away from the rotating cylinder. The negative pressure fan is used to extract gas from the negative pressure zone and send it into the positive pressure zone during operation.

[0007] Preferably, in the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment, the drilling fluid discharge pipeline includes a hollow shaft with a long groove on the side and separated internally by a circular partition plate, and a square drilling fluid inlet pipe that is connected to the hollow shaft through the long groove. One end of the hollow shaft near the side of the rotating cylinder is connected to the discharge pipe, and the other end of the discharge pipe is also connected to a one-way valve.

[0008] Preferably, in the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment, the air blowing component is a long strip-shaped air knife, and the long strip-shaped air knife is connected to the positive pressure pipe through a circular pipe. The length of the long strip-shaped air knife is less than the length of the hollow shaft, and the air jet nozzle of the long strip-shaped air knife is close to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment described above further includes a drilling fluid tank base having the drilling fluid tank. The drilling fluid tank base includes a base plate, a column for supporting the drilling fluid tank disposed on the base plate, a negative pressure fan base, and a fixing seat for fixing the drain pipe. The two ends of the drilling fluid tank are also closed by semi-circular end plates, and the equipment also includes an inlet pipe and an overflow pipe that are both connected to the drilling fluid tank.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment, the rotating cylinder includes a perforated circular tube, first circular flanges fixed at both ends of the perforated circular tube, and a filter screen fixing seat fixed at the edge of the perforated circular tube.

[0011] Preferably, the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment further includes a rotary drum end cap, which includes a circular tube, a circular cover, a retaining ring, and a second circular flange. The circular tube is welded to the center of the circular cover, and the second circular flange is welded to the circular cover and used to connect with the first circular flange.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment, the scraping component is a scraper formed by bending a flat plate, and the bent portion has a fixing hole to fix it to the drilling fluid tank base.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment, the air intake of the negative pressure fan is connected to the negative pressure pipe through a steam-water filter.

[0014] Preferably, the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment further includes a top cover, which includes a semi-cylinder, semi-circular end plates installed at both ends of the semi-cylinder, a hinge fixing plate located on one side of the semi-cylinder, and a bolt fixing plate on the other side. The semi-cylinder is fixed to the drilling fluid tank by the hinge fixing plate via a hinge, and the other end is detachably fixed to the drilling fluid tank by the bolt fixing plate via bolts to achieve the sealing or opening of the drilling fluid tank.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment provided by the present invention includes a rotating cylinder installed in the drilling fluid tank and electrically connected to a rotating drive component. The rotating cylinder has holes on its side and closed at both ends. The outside of the rotating cylinder is covered with a filter screen, and the inside is divided into a positive pressure zone and a negative pressure zone. The negative pressure zone is used to use negative pressure to draw drilling fluid from the drilling fluid tank through the filter screen and the rotating cylinder. The negative pressure zone also has a drilling fluid discharge pipeline for discharging the drawn-in drilling fluid. The positive pressure zone is provided with an air blowing component facing the filter screen to blow away rock cuttings on the filter screen. It also includes a scraping component located outside the filter screen and facing the filter screen to scrape away rock cuttings on the filter screen. It is evident that by using this equipment, the inside of the rotating cylinder can be divided into a negative pressure zone for drawing drilling fluid. The equipment consists of a pressure zone and a positive pressure zone for desanding and mud removal. Under negative pressure, the drilling fluid passes through a filter screen and enters the drilling fluid discharge pipeline for discharge. Rock cuttings are adsorbed on the filter screen and blown off when the equipment rotates to the positive pressure zone. They are then discharged under the action of a scraper. This equipment can effectively treat drilling fluids when the density parameters of the drilling fluid change due to different work areas or different drilling stages. This can be achieved by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating drum and / or the magnitude of the negative pressure and / or the size of the filter screen. Thus, this equipment can desand and mud remove drilling fluids with different parameters, avoid increasing the workload of the downstream centrifuge, reduce the probability of centrifuge jamming or clogging, avoid stuck drill and drilling stoppage, and will not affect the quality of electrical logging and cementing. It can also improve the permeability of oil and gas reservoirs and the production capacity of oil and gas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing cyclone sand and mud removal cleaner.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of an embodiment of a drilling fluid desanding and desilting device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism of a drilling fluid desanding and desilting device provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is the first partial schematic diagram of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism;

[0021] Figure 5 This is the second partial schematic diagram of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the components of the drilling fluid tank base;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the components of the rotating cylinder;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the components of the rotating cylinder end cap;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the scraped parts;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The core of this invention is to provide a drilling fluid desanding and desliming device that can desand and deslim drilling fluids with different parameters, avoid increasing the workload of downstream centrifuges, reduce the probability of centrifuge jamming or blockage, avoid stuck drill and drilling stoppage, and will not affect the quality of electrical logging and cementing, thereby improving the permeability of oil and gas reservoirs and the production capacity of oil and gas.

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] An example embodiment of the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment provided by the present invention Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of an embodiment of a drilling fluid desanding and desilting device provided by the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism of a drilling fluid desanding and desilting device provided by the present invention. The device may include a rotating cylinder 3 installed in a drilling fluid tank 1 and electrically connected to a rotating drive component 2. It should be noted that the drilling fluid tank 1 is generally a pipe with a semi-circular cross-section, with circular end plates welded to both ends for sealing. Its interior is used to store drilling fluid. The rotating drive component 2 may be, but is not limited to, a geared motor, which is used to continuously drive the rotating cylinder 3 to rotate. The rotating cylinder 3 has holes on its side and its two end faces are closed. The rotating cylinder 3 is placed horizontally in the drilling fluid tank. The size of these holes must be large enough to allow drilling fluid to flow in. The closed end faces ensure that the drilling fluid does not flow in or out from either end, but can only be separated from the mud and sand through the side holes. The drilling fluid in the drilling fluid tank 1 can enter the rotating cylinder 3 during its rotation. The outside of the rotating cylinder 3 is covered with a filter screen 4, and its interior is divided into a positive pressure zone and a negative pressure zone, which are separated from each other. There is no material flow between them. The filter screen 4 is preferably a long, flexible stainless steel filter screen, ensuring it covers the entire side of the rotating cylinder 3. The negative pressure zone is used to draw drilling fluid from the drilling fluid tank 1 through the filter screen 4 and the rotating cylinder 3 using negative pressure. It should be noted that when the negative pressure zone of the rotating cylinder 3 contacts the drilling fluid in the drilling fluid tank, under the suction of the negative pressure, the drilling fluid more easily passes through the holes in the filter screen 4 and the rotating cylinder 3 from the drilling fluid tank 1, which has normal atmospheric pressure, and enters the negative pressure zone. The solid components in the well fluid, due to their particle size being larger than the mesh size of the filter screen 4, cannot enter the rotating cylinder 3 and instead remain on the outside of the filter screen 4. This achieves separation between the drilling fluid and the solid phase. Furthermore, the negative pressure zone has a drilling fluid discharge pipe 5 for discharging the sucked-in drilling fluid. In other words, the drilling fluid can be discharged using this drilling fluid discharge pipe 5. The specific pipe structure is not limited. The positive pressure zone, facing the filter screen 4, has an air blowing component 6 for blowing away rock cuttings from the filter screen 4. Figure 3As shown in the diagram, specifically, when the rock cuttings follow the rotating drum 3 to the positive pressure zone, the air blowing component in the positive pressure zone can blow them away from the filter screen 4. It can be seen that using this air blowing component 6 can prevent the rock cuttings from remaining stationary on the outer surface of the filter screen 4 and avoid clogging the mesh of the filter screen. It also includes a scraping component 7 located on the outside of the filter screen 4 and facing the filter screen 4 to scrape the rock cuttings on the filter screen 4. This scraping component 7 is fixed. The rotating drum 3 rotates and drives the filter screen 4. When the rock cuttings that are stuck firmly on the outer surface of the filter screen 4 reach the position of the scraping component 7, the two will move relative to each other, so that the scraping component 7 can scrape off the rock cuttings. It can be seen that by using this scraping component 7 in conjunction with the air blowing component 6, the rock cuttings can be fully scraped away from the filter screen 7, thereby achieving effective separation of solid substances and drilling fluid.

[0030] As can be seen from the above technical solution, in the embodiment of the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment provided by the present invention, a rotating cylinder installed in the drilling fluid tank and electrically connected to the rotating drive component is included. The rotating cylinder has holes on its side and both ends are closed. The outside of the rotating cylinder is covered with a filter screen, and the inside is divided into a positive pressure zone and a negative pressure zone. The negative pressure zone is used to use negative pressure to draw drilling fluid from the drilling fluid tank through the filter screen and the rotating cylinder. The negative pressure zone also has a drilling fluid discharge pipeline for discharging the drawn-in drilling fluid. The positive pressure zone is provided with an air blowing component facing the filter screen to blow away rock cuttings on the filter screen. It also includes a scraping component provided outside the filter screen and facing the filter screen to scrape away rock cuttings on the filter screen. It can be seen that by using this equipment, the inside of the rotating cylinder can be divided into a negative pressure zone for drawing drilling fluid and a zone for desanding and desilting. In the positive pressure zone, drilling fluid passes through the filter screen and enters the drilling fluid discharge pipeline under negative pressure, while rock cuttings are adsorbed on the filter screen and blown off when rotating to the positive pressure zone, and then discharged under the action of the scraper. Using this equipment, when the density parameters of the drilling fluid being processed change due to different work areas or different drilling stages, the density parameters can be adapted by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating drum and / or the magnitude of the negative pressure and / or the size of the filter screen, so as to achieve effective treatment of the drilling fluid. It can be seen that this equipment can remove sand and mud from drilling fluids with different parameters, avoid increasing the workload of the downstream centrifuge, reduce the probability of centrifuge jamming or clogging, avoid stuck drill and drilling stoppage, and will not affect the quality of electrical logging and cementing, and can improve the permeability of oil and gas reservoirs and the production capacity of oil and gas.

[0031] In a specific embodiment of the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment described above, refer to... Figure 3The device also includes a positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism A that communicates with both the negative and positive pressure zones. This mechanism A can be coaxially mounted with the rotating cylinder 3 via bearings. The rotation drive component 2 can engage with the positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism A via a pair of gears. The positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism A can include partitioning rectangular plates 8 that divide the internal space of the rotating cylinder into negative and positive pressure zones. The number of these partitioning rectangular plates 8 is at least two. Figure 3 The example in the text sets the included angle between the two to 90°, thus dividing the internal space into two parts: one-quarter volume and three-quarter volume. Of course, the included angle can also be adjusted according to actual needs. The negative pressure zone is used to install the negative pressure suction pipe, and the positive pressure zone is used to install the air blowing component. Since the outer diameters of the partition rectangular plate 8 and the circular end plate 57 are equal and there is a small gap with the inner diameter of the rotating cylinder 3, coupled with the sealing effect when drilling fluid is present, there will be no gas flow in the positive pressure zone and the negative pressure zone. It also includes the connection with the negative pressure fan 9 ( Figure 2 The negative pressure pipe 10 and positive pressure pipe 11 (shown) connect the negative pressure end and the positive pressure end. The air intake of the negative pressure fan 9 can preferably be connected to the negative pressure pipe 10 through a steam-water filter 13. This can better separate the liquid and gas and avoid the drilling fluid from clogging the pipeline. The other end of the negative pressure pipe 10 is also connected to the negative pressure suction pipe 12. The negative pressure suction pipe 12 can be a bend. Its function is to continuously draw air from the negative pressure area into the negative pressure pipe and then to the negative pressure fan 9 and finally discharge it, so that the negative pressure area is always kept in a negative pressure state. Its free end is located away from the rotating cylinder 3, so as to avoid drilling fluid and prevent drilling fluid from entering and causing interference. The negative pressure fan 9 is used to draw gas from the negative pressure area and send it into the positive pressure area during operation. It can be seen that in this case, a single negative pressure fan can be used to form both a negative pressure area and a positive pressure area, reducing equipment costs and energy consumption.

[0032] In another specific embodiment of the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is the first partial schematic diagram of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism. Figure 5 This is a second partial schematic diagram of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism. The drilling fluid discharge pipeline 5 may include a hollow shaft 53 with a long groove 51 on its side and internally separated by a circular partition plate 52, and a square drilling fluid inlet pipe 54 connected to the hollow shaft 53 through the long groove 51. Figure 5(As shown), this circular partition plate 52 can be welded to the middle of the hollow shaft 53, dividing the hollow shaft 53 into two parts. A square drilling fluid inlet pipe 54 is preferably welded to the hollow shaft 53, which is equivalent to an extension of the long groove 51 of the hollow shaft 53. The purpose is that when the negative pressure zone rotates to a lower fluid level, the drilling fluid can be drawn into the hollow shaft 53 from the square drilling fluid inlet pipe 54 and eventually discharged. One end of the hollow shaft 53 near the side of the rotating cylinder 3 is connected to a drain pipe 55, which is a hollow pipe and is preferably welded to the outside of a circular end plate 57, coaxial with the hollow shaft 53, and connected to the long groove 51 of the hollow shaft. The inner diameter of the circular end plate 57 is equal to the outer diameter of the hollow shaft 53 and is welded to both ends of the hollow shaft 53. In this case... The length of the rectangular plate 8 is preferably equal to the length of the hollow shaft 53, and the width is equal to the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the circular end plate 57. It is welded together with the hollow shaft 53 and the circular end plate 57. The other end of the drain pipe 55 is also connected to a one-way valve 56. The one-way valve 56 can only allow drilling fluid to flow out from it, and can avoid the intake of external air when suction is negative. Moreover, the one-way valve 56 can be, but is not limited to, a duckbill valve, which is low in cost, easy to install, and has a good one-way effect. It can be seen that a drilling fluid discharge passage is formed by using the square drilling fluid inlet pipe 54, the long groove 51, the hollow shaft 53, the drain pipe 55 and the one-way valve 56, so that the drilling fluid can be separated from the drilling fluid tank and reach the corresponding storage area.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the aforementioned air blowing component 6 can preferably be a long strip-shaped air knife (such as...). Figure 3 As shown), this long strip air knife can be connected to the positive pressure pipe 11 through the round pipe C1. The length of the long strip air knife can be less than the length of the hollow shaft 53. The air nozzle of the long strip air knife is close to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 3. The closer the two are, the better the effect of blowing away rock debris. Of course, this can be selected according to actual needs.

[0034] In another specific embodiment of the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment described above, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6The diagram shows the composition of the drilling fluid tank base. The equipment also includes a drilling fluid tank base B with a drilling fluid tank 1. The drilling fluid tank base B may include a base plate B1, a column B2 set on the base plate B1 for supporting the drilling fluid tank 1, a negative pressure fan base B3, and a fixing seat B4 for fixing the drain pipe. The two ends of the drilling fluid tank 1 are also closed by semi-circular end plates B5. The equipment also includes an inlet pipe B6 and an overflow pipe B7, both of which are connected to the drilling fluid tank 1. In this configuration, the base plate B1 can be a rectangular frame or a thick plate. The lower part of the fixing seat B4 can be welded to the base plate B1, and the upper part has a semi-circular groove with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the hollow shaft. The upper end face has a threaded hole for fixing the hollow tube. The column B2 can be a square tube or channel steel, etc., with its lower part welded to the base plate B1 and its upper part connected to the drilling fluid tank 1. The inlet pipe B6 can be a circular tube, welded to one side of the drilling fluid tank 1, and the overflow pipe B7 can be a circular tube, welded to the other side of the drilling fluid tank 1. The height of the overflow pipe B7 is higher than that of the inlet pipe B6. In this configuration, the shafts at both ends of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism A are fixed to the drilling fluid tank base B, the rotation drive component 2 is also fixed to the drilling fluid tank base B, and the scraping component 7 can also be fixed to the drilling fluid tank base B with bolts.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment described above, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The diagram shows the components of the rotating cylinder 3. The rotating cylinder 3 may include a perforated circular tube 31, first circular flanges 32 fixed to both ends of the perforated circular tube 31, and filter screen fixing seats 33 fixed to the edge of the perforated circular tube 31. Specifically, the perforated circular tube 31 can be an elongated circular tube with evenly distributed circular holes in its wall. The first circular flange 32 can be an annular plate with evenly distributed bolt holes, and its inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the perforated circular tube 31. Two first circular flanges 32 can be welded to both ends of the perforated circular tube 31. The filter screen fixing seat 33 can be a headless bolt welded to both ends of the perforated circular tube 31. Furthermore, the filter screen 4 can have circular holes to fit onto the filter screen fixing seat 33 for fixation, or it can have elongated slots to adjust the tightness of the filter screen 4.

[0036] In another preferred embodiment of the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment described above, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8The schematic diagram of the rotating cylinder end cover shows that it may also include a rotating cylinder end cover C. The rotating cylinder end cover C may include a circular tube C1, a circular cover C2, a retaining ring C3, and a second circular flange C4. The circular tube C1 is welded to the center of the circular cover C2, and the second circular flange C4 is welded to the circular cover C2 and used to connect with the aforementioned first circular flange 32. Specifically, the inner diameter of the circular tube C1 may be equal to the outer diameter of the bearing, and it is welded to the center of the circular cover C2. The inner diameter of the circular cover C2 is equal to the outer diameter of the circular tube C1, and the outer diameter of the circular cover C2 is equal to the inner diameter of the second circular flange C4. The retaining ring C3 is a circular ring with an inner diameter the same as the outer diameter of the hollow shaft. The second circular flange C4 is an annular plate with evenly distributed bolt holes, and its inner diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the circular cover C2. The second circular flange C4 is welded to the circular cover C2, and its evenly distributed bolt holes match the aforementioned first circular flange 32 to achieve a close fit between the two. In this case, the two ends of the rotating cylinder 3 and the rotating cylinder end cover C are connected together by bolts through the first round flange and the second round flange, and then coaxially assembled with the positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism A through bearings. The shafts at both ends of the positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism A are fixed on the drilling fluid tank base and will not rotate. The rotation drive component 2 is fixed on the drilling fluid tank base and cooperates with the positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism A through a pair of gears.

[0037] In another preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment, refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 The diagram illustrates a scraping component 7, which is preferably a scraper formed by bending a flat plate 71. The bent portion 72 has a fixing hole 73 for fixing it to the drilling fluid tank base B. Specifically, the scraper can be fixed to the drilling fluid tank base B with bolts.

[0038] Based on the various embodiments of the drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment described above, and referring to Figure 10 , Figure 10The diagram shows the top cover. The device also includes a top cover D, which includes a semi-cylinder D1, semi-circular end plates D2 installed at both ends of the semi-cylinder D1, a hinge fixing plate D3 located on one side of the semi-cylinder D1, and a bolt fixing plate D4 on the other side. The semi-cylinder D1 is fixed to the drilling fluid tank 1 by hinges using the hinge fixing plate D3, and the other end is detachably fixed to the drilling fluid tank 1 by bolts using the bolt fixing plate D4 to achieve the closing or opening of the drilling fluid tank 1. Specifically, the hinge fixing plate D3 can be a rectangular plate, welded to the semi-cylinder D1 on one side and fixed to the drilling fluid tank 1 on the other side via a hinge. The semi-circular end plate D2 is a semi-circular plate with an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the semi-cylinder D1, welded to both ends of the semi-cylinder D1. The diameter of the semi-cylinder D1 can be equal to the diameter of the drilling fluid tank 1, and the lengths are consistent. The bolt fixing plate D4 can be a rectangular plate with two holes at both ends, welded to the semi-cylinder D1 on one side, and fixed to the drilling fluid tank 1 by bolts. Specifically, during normal operation, the top cover D can be used to tightly close the entire equipment, while when maintenance is required, the top cover D can be opened to facilitate inspection of the internal structure.

[0039] The aforementioned drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment can separate rock cuttings from various drilling fluids. The rotation speed of the rotating drum can be adjusted by regulating the speed of the geared motor via a frequency converter. The negative pressure pipe and positive pressure pipe of the positive and negative pressure zoning mechanism are connected to the air inlet and exhaust pipes of the negative pressure fan, respectively, thus providing negative and positive pressure to the mechanism. During operation, the drilling fluid to be treated is pumped into the drilling fluid tank through the inlet pipe via a sand pump. Under this negative pressure, the drilling fluid passes through the filter screen into the negative pressure zone and is discharged from the outlet pipe. Sand or mud in the drilling fluid is adsorbed on the filter screen and gradually dries as the screen rotates. When rotating to the positive pressure zone, the sand or mud adsorbed on the filter screen is blown off by the air knife and separated by a scraper. When the processing capacity of the equipment is less than the feed volume, part of the drilling fluid flows back to the feed tank through the overflow pipe on the drilling fluid tank.

[0040] To adapt to drilling fluids with varying densities, viscosities, and cuttings contents generated in different work areas or at different stages of drilling, and to improve separation efficiency and meet different desliming and desanding requirements, the equipment can be kept in optimal discharge condition when processing different drilling fluids by adjusting the rotation speed and / or negative pressure and / or filter mesh size, thereby improving solid-liquid separation efficiency. Specifically, this can include: adjusting the motor speed to change the rotational speed of the drum; adjusting the negative pressure using a negative pressure regulating valve to adjust the equipment's throughput; and replacing the filter with one of appropriate mesh size to accommodate different cuttings particle sizes.

[0041] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A drilling fluid desanding and desilting device, characterized in that, The device includes a rotating cylinder installed in a drilling fluid tank and electrically connected to a rotating drive component. The rotating cylinder has holes on its side and is closed at both ends. The outside of the rotating cylinder is covered with a filter screen, and the inside is divided into a positive pressure zone and a negative pressure zone. The negative pressure zone is used to draw drilling fluid from the drilling fluid tank through the filter screen and the rotating cylinder using negative pressure. The negative pressure zone also has a drilling fluid discharge pipeline for discharging the drawn-in drilling fluid. The positive pressure zone is provided with an air blowing component facing the filter screen for blowing away rock cuttings on the filter screen. The device also includes a scraping component located outside the filter screen and facing the filter screen to scrape away rock cuttings on the filter screen.

2. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism that is simultaneously connected to the negative pressure zone and the positive pressure zone. The positive and negative pressure partitioning mechanism includes a partition rectangular plate that divides the internal space of the rotating cylinder into a negative pressure zone and a positive pressure zone, and also includes a negative pressure pipe and a positive pressure pipe that are respectively connected to the negative pressure end and the positive pressure end of the negative pressure fan. The other end of the negative pressure pipe is also connected to a negative pressure suction pipe. The negative pressure suction pipe is a bent pipe, and its free end is located away from the rotating cylinder. The negative pressure fan is used to draw gas from the negative pressure zone and send it into the positive pressure zone during operation.

3. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drilling fluid discharge pipeline includes a hollow shaft with a long groove on the side and separated by a circular partition plate inside, and a square drilling fluid inlet pipe that is connected to the hollow shaft through the long groove. One end of the hollow shaft near the side of the rotating cylinder is connected to the discharge pipe, and the other end of the discharge pipe is connected to a one-way valve.

4. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blowing component is a long strip-shaped air knife, and the long strip-shaped air knife is connected to the positive pressure tube through a round tube. The length of the long strip-shaped air knife is less than the length of the hollow shaft, and the air nozzle of the long strip-shaped air knife is close to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder.

5. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a drilling fluid tank base with the drilling fluid tank, the drilling fluid tank base including a base plate, a column for supporting the drilling fluid tank disposed on the base plate, a negative pressure fan base and a fixing seat for fixing the drain pipe, wherein the two ends of the drilling fluid tank are also closed by semi-circular end plates, and it also includes an inlet pipe and an overflow pipe that are both connected to the drilling fluid tank.

6. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating cylinder includes a perforated circular tube, first circular flanges fixed at both ends of the perforated circular tube, and a filter screen fixing seat fixed at the edge of the perforated circular tube.

7. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a rotating cylinder end cap, which comprises a round tube, a round cover, a retaining ring, and a second round flange. The round tube is welded to the center of the round cover, and the second round flange is welded to the round cover and is used to connect with the first round flange.

8. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The scraping component is a scraper formed by bending a flat plate, and the bent part has a fixing hole to fix it to the drilling fluid tank base.

9. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake of the negative pressure fan is connected to the negative pressure pipe via a steam-water filter.

10. The drilling fluid desanding and desilting equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes a top cover, which includes a semi-cylinder, semi-circular end plates installed at both ends of the semi-cylinder, a hinge fixing plate located on one side of the semi-cylinder, and a bolt fixing plate on the other side. The semi-cylinder is fixed to the drilling fluid tank by the hinge fixing plate through a hinge, and the other end is detachably fixed to the drilling fluid tank by the bolt fixing plate through bolts to realize the sealing or opening of the drilling fluid tank.

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