Supporting device for forest tree pest and disease damage data acquisition

Abstract

The invention discloses a supporting device for forest tree pest and disease damage data acquisition, and relates to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and the supporting device is characterized by comprising a telescopic rod, a fixing plate is arranged on the telescopic rod, an insect pest trapping and killing mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate, and an insect pest data acquisition mechanism is arranged on the insect pest trapping and killing mechanism; a supporting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod, a clamping mechanism is arranged on the telescopic rod, and the clamping mechanism is clamped on a forest tree and used for improving the stability of the device. The system can adapt to different tree heights, trunk diameters and complex woodland terrains, is matched with solar power supply, realizes stable field long-term operation, can accurately identify plant diseases and insect pests, predicts trends through fusion of meteorological and forest basic data, scientific analysis and an ARIMA model, triggers graded early warning and pushes prevention and treatment suggestions, and has good application prospects. Large-scale and refined forest management requirements are met, a scientific basis is provided for disease and pest control decisions, and the accuracy and efficiency of forest management and protection are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural and forestry technology, and more specifically, to a support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of the ecosystem, trees possess multiple values, including ecological protection, timber supply, and biodiversity conservation. Pests and diseases are among the main threats to their healthy growth. In recent years, with the expansion of forestry planting and changes in the climate, the frequency and spread of pests and diseases have significantly increased. This not only hinders tree growth and leads to death but also causes huge economic losses and disrupts the ecological balance. Therefore, establishing an efficient and accurate monitoring system for forest pests and diseases has become a key requirement for forestry management.

[0003] Currently, forest pest and disease monitoring mainly relies on three types of technical means: First, manual patrol monitoring, which involves staff observing, capturing, and classifying samples on-site. This method relies on human experience, is inefficient, has limited coverage, and suffers from large subjective errors, making it difficult to meet the needs of routine monitoring in large-scale forest areas. Second, traditional trapping devices, such as insect-attracting lamps and sticky traps at fixed heights, can only kill pests. They require manual collection of sample data periodically, resulting in data lag and discontinuous collection. Moreover, their support structures are mostly fixed designs, unable to adapt to trees of different heights and trunk diameters, and have poor stability in complex terrains such as mountains and slopes. Third, rudimentary data acquisition systems, some of which integrate simple image acquisition functions, suffer from low accuracy in pest and disease identification and lack the ability to fuse multi-source data (meteorological and forestry basic information). The analysis process relies on manual intervention, making it impossible to achieve trend prediction and accurate early warning. Furthermore, their power supply mostly depends on external power sources or disposable batteries, resulting in weak battery life and making it difficult to meet the needs of long-term unattended monitoring.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a support device for collecting data on forest pests and diseases. This invention adopts a telescopic rod and a double-fixed structure to adapt to different tree heights, trunk diameters, and complex forest terrains. The device integrates pest trapping and data collection, and with solar power, it can achieve stable and energy-saving long-term field operations. At the same time, the system can accurately identify pests and diseases. By integrating meteorological and forestry basic data, and through scientific analysis and ARIMA model trend prediction, it triggers graded early warnings and pushes prevention and control suggestions. It can meet the needs of large-scale and refined forest management, provide a scientific basis for pest and disease control decisions, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of forest management.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a support device for collecting data on forest pests and diseases, comprising a telescopic rod, a fixed plate on the telescopic rod, a pest-attracting mechanism on the fixed plate for attracting and killing forest pests, a pest data collection mechanism on the pest-attracting mechanism for identifying and recording the attracted and killed forest pests, a support mechanism at the bottom of the telescopic rod for providing stable support for the overall device, and a clamping mechanism on the telescopic rod for clamping onto the trees to improve the stability of the device.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the telescopic pole enables flexible adjustment of the device height to adapt to trees of different heights. Simultaneously, the device integrates a pest-trapping mechanism and a pest data collection mechanism, realizing an integrated process of trapping, collecting, and recording, thus improving the efficiency of forest pest and disease data collection. The bottom support mechanism and the tree clamping mechanism form a dual-stability structure of ground support and tree clamping, ensuring the device's stability in complex forest terrain while preventing shaking caused by wind or other external forces by clamping the trees. This ensures accurate trapping and clear images, improving the reliability of data collection. The modular design of the overall structure facilitates transportation, disassembly, and maintenance, reducing the labor intensity of field operations and making it suitable for large-scale forest pest and disease monitoring scenarios.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that: the pest trapping mechanism includes an umbrella-shaped cover, a connecting plate, an insect-attracting lamp, an attractant core, and an electric grid; the umbrella-shaped cover is connected to a fixing plate, the connecting plate is detachably installed inside the umbrella-shaped cover, the attractant core is installed on the connecting plate, the insect-attracting lamp is installed on the connecting plate and located around the attractant core, and the electric grid is installed around the connecting plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the umbrella-shaped cover not only provides protection for the insect-attracting lamp, the attractant core, and the electric grid, but also guides the attracted pests to gather in the electric grid area, improving the targeting of the pests. At the same time, the connecting plate adopts a detachable installation method, making the replacement and maintenance of the attractant core, the insect-attracting lamp, and the electric grid more convenient. The attractant core can also be replaced according to the target pest species of different trees, extending the service life of the device. The insect-attracting lamp is arranged around the attractant core, which, combined with the attractant core's odor attraction, forms a dual attraction mechanism of light and odor, which can significantly improve the attraction to pests, expand the killing range, provide sufficient sample size for data collection, ensure the integrity of data collection, and avoid sample loss due to pest escape.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: the pest data collection mechanism includes a support rod, a collection box, a cover plate, a sensor, a high-definition camera, and a collection box; the two ends of the support rod are respectively connected to the collection box and the telescopic rod, the high-definition camera is installed around the collection box, the sensor is located inside the cover plate, the collection box is connected to the bottom of the collection box, and the cover plate is installed at the connection between the collection box and the collection box.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, high-definition cameras are installed around the collection box, which can capture images of the killed pests and diseases from multiple angles. This avoids the loss of morphological features caused by shooting from a single angle and ensures that the collected images can fully present the key identification features of the pests, such as their body shape, wings, and antennae. This provides high-quality image data for pest species identification. The cover plate has a built-in sensor. Whenever a pest falls onto the cover plate, the sensor sends a shooting command to the standby camera through pressure changes. This saves energy and can accurately acquire images of pests. The collection box is connected to the bottom of the collection box, which can collect the dead pests in a centralized manner. This facilitates subsequent manual verification of the samples and avoids sample loss caused by the scattering of pest bodies, ensuring the continuity of data collection.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: the clamping mechanism includes a connecting column, an arc-shaped clamp one, an arc-shaped clamp two, and an adjusting mechanism; the connecting column is connected to a telescopic rod, the arc-shaped clamp one and the arc-shaped clamp two are both hinged to the connecting column, the arc-shaped clamp one and the arc-shaped clamp two cooperate with each other to clamp trees, and the adjusting mechanism is connected to the arc-shaped clamp one and the arc-shaped clamp two to adjust the opening angle between the arc-shaped clamp one and the arc-shaped clamp two.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first and second arc-shaped clamps are designed with hinges, which can fit tightly with tree trunks of different diameters. At the same time, the adjustment mechanism can flexibly adjust the opening and closing angle of the arc-shaped clamps, which can ensure stable clamping of thin tree trunks and avoid insufficient clamping force on thick tree trunks, thus balancing clamping stability and tree protection. The clamping mechanism and the bottom support mechanism form a double fixation, making the device less prone to shaking or tipping under the action of external forces such as forest wind and human touch, ensuring the working stability of precision components such as insect-attracting lamps and cameras, improving the accuracy of data collection. The overall structure of the device is simple and compact, and it can quickly complete the fixation of the device to the tree, improving the efficiency of field operations.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that: the adjusting mechanism includes a rotating lead screw, a sliding block, a connecting rod, and a micro motor; the fixed end of the micro motor is connected to the connecting column, the output end of the micro motor is connected to the rotating lead screw, the sliding block is sleeved on the rotating lead screw and slides along the rotating lead screw, the connecting column has a strip-shaped through groove, the connecting rod passes through the through groove and its two ends are respectively hinged to the arc-shaped clamp and the sliding block.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a micro-motor drives the rotating screw to achieve automated adjustment of the opening and closing angle of the arc clamp. This is particularly suitable for operation scenarios at high altitudes or in remote forest areas. At the same time, the transmission method of rotating screw and sliding block has the characteristics of high adjustment precision and smooth movement, which can accurately control the opening and closing angle and clamping force of the arc clamp, avoiding uneven force or clamping deviation caused by manual adjustment, ensuring clamping stability and protection of trees. The automated adjustment mechanism, together with the intelligent control system, enables remote operation without the need for on-site personnel adjustment, improving the convenience of operation and further adapting to large-scale, unattended forest pest and disease monitoring scenarios, thus expanding the application scope of the device.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that: the support mechanism includes a support base, multiple support legs, a conical head, and a hinge rod; the support base is sleeved on the fixed end of the telescopic rod, the multiple support legs are all hinged to the support base, the conical head is installed at the bottom of the support legs, and the two ends of the hinge rod are respectively hinged to two adjacent support legs.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple support legs are hinged to the support base, forming a multi-point support structure after unfolding. This provides a larger support surface and stronger stability, making it adaptable to complex terrains such as uneven and soft woodlands, preventing the device from tipping over. The conical heads at the bottom of the support legs can be inserted into the ground to enhance grip, especially in slippery terrains such as mountains and slopes, effectively resisting the effects of wind and ground subsidence, further improving the device's anti-tipping ability. The hinged rods connect adjacent support legs, ensuring that all support legs unfold at the same angle, forming a symmetrical and stable support structure, while also limiting excessive unfolding of the support legs to prevent structural loosening. At the same time, it facilitates the folding and storage of the support legs, reducing the space occupied during transportation. The support base is fitted onto the fixed end of the telescopic rod, making assembly and disassembly convenient. It can be flexibly adapted to the specifications of the telescopic rod without affecting its telescopic function, achieving efficient cooperation between the support mechanism and the telescopic rod, and improving the overall practicality of the device.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: a telescopic plate is provided on the telescopic rod, a fan-shaped plate is provided on the telescopic plate, and a solar panel is provided on the fan-shaped plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the solar panel can convert solar energy into electrical energy, providing continuous power for the device's insect-attracting lamps, high-definition cameras, sensors, micro motors, and other electrical components. This achieves green and energy-saving power supply, solving the problems of power shortages, frequent battery replacements, or inconvenience of external power sources during field operations. It is suitable for long-term unattended monitoring scenarios. The fan-shaped panel design increases the solar panel's light-receiving area, allowing it to receive sunlight from different angles more fully and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Especially in forest environments with poor lighting conditions, it can still ensure a sufficient power supply. The telescopic panel can adjust the direction and angle of the solar panel, flexibly adjusting it according to the direction of sunlight in different times and regions, ensuring that the solar panel always maintains the best light-receiving posture and further improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0020] The present invention also provides a forest tree disease and pest data acquisition system, including a data acquisition module, an intelligent classification module, a data fusion module, a data analysis module, and a pest early warning module;

[0021] The data acquisition module is used to acquire images of pests and diseases captured and transmitted by a high-definition camera, and then extracts the morphological features of pests and diseases for species identification from the images and transmits them to the intelligent classification module.

[0022] The intelligent classification module has a built-in updatable database of standard features of pests and diseases. By receiving the morphological features of pests and diseases transmitted by the data acquisition module, it compares the standard features of pests and diseases in the database with the extracted morphological features of pests and diseases, and combines intelligent algorithms to complete the identification and classification of pests and diseases, generate classification results containing type information and confidence parameters, and transmit them to the data fusion module.

[0023] The data fusion module is used to obtain the classification results transmitted by the intelligent classification module, and at the same time access local meteorological basic data and agricultural and forestry basic data. Through preset rules, it performs standardized cleaning, format unification and correlation fusion of multi-source data, and constructs a spatiotemporal correlation dataset of pests-environment-forest trees, which is then merged and transmitted to the data analysis module.

[0024] The data analysis module is used to receive the dataset transmitted by the data fusion module, merge it for single-factor analysis and multi-factor correlation analysis, and carry out pest and disease occurrence trend prediction based on historical fusion data and prediction model, generate pest and disease occurrence patterns, distribution characteristics and development trend results and transmit them to the pest early warning module.

[0025] The pest early warning module is used to receive the results of the occurrence pattern, distribution characteristics and development trend of pests and diseases transmitted by the data analysis module. By preset multi-level early warning thresholds, when the analysis results or predicted trends exceed the corresponding thresholds, the module automatically triggers graded early warnings and pushes early warning information and targeted prevention and control suggestions.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solutions, the data acquisition module accurately extracts the morphological characteristics of pests and diseases, providing a high-quality data foundation for classification and identification. The intelligent classification module, combined with intelligent algorithms, achieves rapid and accurate identification of pest and disease types. Simultaneously, it updates the database to adapt to new pests and diseases, improving the timeliness and coverage of classification. The data fusion module integrates pest and disease data, meteorological data, and agricultural and forestry data to construct a spatiotemporal correlated dataset, providing comprehensive and multidimensional data support for pest and disease analysis. The data analysis module reveals the occurrence patterns and distribution characteristics of pests and diseases through single-factor and multi-factor correlation analysis and trend prediction. Compared to traditional experience-based judgments, this system can more accurately grasp the dynamics of pests and diseases, providing a scientific basis for prevention and control decisions. The pest early warning module achieves tiered early warning based on preset thresholds, promptly pushing early warning information and targeted prevention and control suggestions to achieve early detection, early warning, and early control. This effectively reduces forest losses caused by the spread of pests and diseases, and improves the accuracy and timeliness of forest pest and disease control. The entire system achieves full automation and intelligence in the process of collection, classification, fusion, analysis, and early warning, significantly improving the efficiency of forest pest and disease monitoring and control, reducing manual intervention, and is suitable for large-scale, refined forest management scenarios.

[0027] The present invention is further configured such that the meteorological basic data accessed in the data fusion module includes core indicators such as daily average temperature, humidity and precipitation, and the forest basic data includes key attributes such as forest species, tree age and planting density, both of which adopt a dual storage mode of local and cloud.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solutions, the core indicators of meteorological basic data and the key attributes of forestry basic data are clearly defined, ensuring the relevance and effectiveness of the accessed data, improving the efficiency and quality of multi-source data fusion, and making the associated datasets better reflect the intrinsic relationship between pests and diseases and the environment and forestry. A dual storage mode of local and cloud storage is adopted. Local storage enables real-time data access, ensures timely data transmission between modules, and avoids the impact of network latency on system operation. Cloud storage enables data backup and off-site sharing, prevents data loss due to local storage device failure, and facilitates subsequent batch analysis, traceability, and cross-regional collaborative management of data. The dual storage mode takes into account both data access speed and data security, meeting the needs of real-time system operation while ensuring the integrity of long-term monitoring data.

[0029] The present invention is further configured such that: the single-factor analysis of the data analysis module includes the proportion of pest and disease types, the temporal change of quantity, and the spatial distribution analysis; the multi-factor association analysis is used to quantify the influence weight of meteorological factors and forest attributes on the occurrence of pests and diseases; and the trend prediction adopts the ARIMA time series model.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solutions, single-factor analysis covers the proportion of pest and disease types, temporal changes in quantity, and spatial distribution, which can comprehensively and intuitively present the basic dynamics of pests and diseases, helping staff to quickly grasp the current status of pest and disease occurrence and providing a basis for prioritizing prevention and control. Multi-factor association analysis quantifies the influence weight of meteorological factors and forest attributes on the occurrence of pests and diseases, and clarifies the key driving factors of pest and disease occurrence (such as specific temperature ranges and the susceptibility of certain forest species to pests and diseases), making prevention and control work more targeted, avoiding blind prevention and control, and reducing prevention and control costs. Finally, the ARIMA time series model is used for trend prediction, which has higher prediction accuracy and stronger adaptability, and can more accurately predict the development trend of pests and diseases, ensuring the reliability of analysis results and predicted trends, providing accurate basis for the graded early warning of pest early warning module, and helping to achieve refined and scientific prevention and control of forest pests and diseases.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. This invention utilizes a telescopic rod to flexibly adapt to trees of varying heights. Combined with an adjustable arc-shaped clamping structure, it can fit tree trunks of different diameters. Simultaneously, the multi-point support mechanism at the bottom, along with a conical head gripping design, allows it to adapt to complex terrains such as uneven, soft, and sloping forests. This enables comprehensive adaptation to various tree sizes and diverse forest environments. The device as a whole employs a dual-fixing structure of multi-point support and arc-shaped clamping, combined with hinged rod limiting and screw drive for precise adjustment. This effectively resists the influence of external forces such as wind and contact, preventing the device from shaking or tipping over. This ensures the stable operation of precision components such as the insect-attracting lamp and high-definition camera, guaranteeing the accuracy of the trapping and the integrity and clarity of the collected data.

[0033] 2. This invention integrates pest trapping and data collection functions, eliminating the need for separate deployment of multiple sets of equipment, simplifying the field operation process. At the same time, the modular design of the device makes it easy to disassemble and maintain each component. The arc-shaped clamping structure disperses pressure and avoids damage to the bark of trees. While ensuring the stability of the device, it also protects the trees, meeting the environmental protection requirements of ecological monitoring. The fan-shaped solar panel, combined with the adjustable telescopic plate, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency and achieves green energy saving. The solar power supply system solves the problem of power shortage in the field, greatly reduces labor intensity, and is suitable for large-scale, long-term unattended monitoring scenarios.

[0034] 3. This invention extracts key morphological features through a data acquisition module, and combines an intelligent classification module with a built-in updatable standard feature database and intelligent algorithms to achieve rapid and automated identification of pests and diseases, significantly reducing manual costs and subjective errors. It also supports the adaptive identification of new pests and diseases, improving the timeliness and coverage of monitoring. The system also integrates pest and disease collection data, core meteorological data, and key forest tree basic data to construct a spatiotemporal related dataset. Through single-factor analysis and multi-factor correlation analysis, it quantifies the influence weight of environment and forest tree attributes on the occurrence of pests and diseases, providing comprehensive data support for pest and disease analysis.

[0035] 4. This invention employs the ARIMA time series model to predict pest and disease occurrence trends based on historical fusion data. It accurately reveals the occurrence patterns, distribution characteristics, and development trends of pests and diseases. Combined with preset multi-level early warning thresholds, it achieves graded automatic early warning, promptly pushes early warning information and targeted prevention and control suggestions, and achieves the effects of early detection, early warning, and early prevention and control, effectively reducing the spread and losses of pests and diseases. At the same time, the data adopts a dual storage mode of local and cloud storage, which takes into account both real-time data access speed and long-term secure backup to avoid data loss. It also supports cross-regional collaborative management and data traceability, and can adapt to the needs of large-scale and refined forest management, providing a scientific basis for pest and disease control decisions and improving the accuracy and efficiency of forest management. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the clamping mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module framework of a forest tree disease and pest data acquisition system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the data flow of a forest tree disease and pest data acquisition system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Telescopic rod; 2. Fixing plate; 3. Umbrella-shaped cover; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Insect-attracting lamp; 6. Attractant core; 7. Electric grid; 8. Support rod; 9. Collection box; 10. Cover plate; 11. High-definition camera; 12. Collection box; 13. Connecting column; 14. Arc-shaped clamp one; 15. Arc-shaped clamp two; 16. Rotating screw; 17. Sliding block; 18. Connecting rod; 19. Micro motor; 20. Support base; 21. Support leg; 22. Conical head; 23. Hinge rod; 24. Telescopic plate; 25. Fan-shaped plate; 26. Solar panel. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-5 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0043] Example 1: A support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests includes a telescopic rod 1, which allows for flexible height adjustment to accommodate trees of different heights. A fixing plate 2 is installed at the top of the telescopic rod 1, and a pest-attracting mechanism is installed on the fixing plate 2 to attract and kill forest pests. A pest data collection mechanism is correspondingly installed at the bottom of the pest-attracting mechanism to identify and record the attracted and killed forest pests. A support mechanism is installed at the bottom of the telescopic rod 1 to support the entire device. The device provides stable support. A clamping mechanism is sleeved on the telescopic section of the telescopic rod 1. The clamping mechanism clamps onto the trees to improve the stability of the device. The bottom support mechanism and the tree clamping mechanism form a dual stability structure of ground support plus tree clamping. This ensures the stability of the device in complex forest terrain and prevents the device from shaking due to external forces such as wind by clamping the trees. This ensures the accuracy of the trapping and the clarity of the collected images, and improves the reliability of data collection. The overall modular design facilitates transportation, disassembly and maintenance, and reduces the labor intensity of field operations.

[0044] In this preferred embodiment, the pest-trapping mechanism includes an umbrella-shaped cover 3, a connecting plate 4, an insect-attracting lamp 5, an attractant core 6, and an electric grid 7. The umbrella-shaped cover 3 is connected to the fixing plate 2 by bolts, providing protection for the insect-attracting lamp 5, the attractant core 6, and the electric grid 7. The connecting plate 4 is installed inside the umbrella-shaped cover 3 by snap-fit. The attractant core 6 is embedded in the center of the connecting plate 4. The insect-attracting lamp 5 is installed on the connecting plate 4 and located around the attractant core 6. The electric grid 7 is installed around the connecting plate 4, making the replacement and maintenance of the attractant core 6, the insect-attracting lamp 5, and the electric grid 7 more convenient. The device can also be upgraded by replacing the corresponding attractant core 6 according to the target pest species of different trees, thus extending the device's lifespan. This includes sex pheromone trapping, where the female sex pheromone of the target pest is made into the attractant core 6, as well as plant-derived attractants, which simulate host volatiles (such as α-pinene, ethanol, myrcene, etc.) to form the attractant core 6, or food attractants, which are made into the attractant core 6 by mixing sugar, wine, vinegar, honey water, and fruit juice. The insect-attracting lamp 5 and the attractant core 6 together form a dual attraction mechanism of light and odor, which can significantly increase the attraction to pests and expand the killing range.

[0045] In this preferred embodiment, the pest data collection mechanism includes a support rod 8, a collection box 9, a cover plate 10, a sensor, a high-definition camera 11, and a collection box 12. The two ends of the support rod 8 are connected to the collection box 9 and the telescopic rod 1, respectively. The high-definition camera 11 is installed around the collection box 9, allowing for multi-angle imaging of the captured pest samples, avoiding the loss of morphological features caused by single-angle imaging, and ensuring that the collected images fully present the pest's body shape, wings, antennae, and other key identification features. The sensor is located inside the cover plate 10, and the collection box 12 is connected to the bottom of the collection box 9. The cover plate 10 is installed... Installed at the connection between the collection box 9 and the collection box 12, the cover plate 10 has a built-in sensor. Whenever an insect falls onto the cover plate 10, the sensor sends a shooting command to the camera in standby through pressure changes. This saves energy and can accurately acquire images of insects. The collection box 12 is connected to the bottom of the collection box 9. When the number or weight of insects on the cover plate 10 reaches a certain level, the cover plate 10 opens, allowing the insects to fall into the collection box 12 to collect the dead insects. This facilitates subsequent manual verification of the samples and avoids sample loss due to the scattering of insect bodies, ensuring the continuity of data collection.

[0046] In this preferred embodiment, the clamping mechanism includes a connecting column 13, an arc-shaped clamp 14, an arc-shaped clamp 2 15, and an adjustment mechanism. The connecting column 13 is connected to the telescopic rod 1. The arc-shaped clamp 14 and the arc-shaped clamp 2 15 are both hinged to the connecting column 13. The arc-shaped clamp 14 and the arc-shaped clamp 2 15 cooperate with each other to clamp trees, and can fit tightly with tree trunks of different diameters. The adjustment mechanism is connected to the arc-shaped clamp 14 and the arc-shaped clamp 2 15 to adjust the opening angle between the arc-shaped clamp 14 and the arc-shaped clamp 2 15. This ensures stable clamping of thin tree trunks and avoids insufficient clamping force on thick tree trunks, thus balancing clamping stability and tree protection. The clamping mechanism and the bottom support mechanism form a double fixation, making the device less prone to shaking or tipping under the action of external forces such as forest wind and human touch.

[0047] In this preferred embodiment, the adjustment mechanism includes a rotating lead screw 16, a sliding block 17, a connecting rod 18, and a micro motor 19. The fixed end of the micro motor 19 is connected to the connecting column 13, and the output end of the micro motor 19 is connected to the rotating lead screw 16. The sliding block 17 is sleeved on the rotating lead screw 16 and slides along the rotating lead screw 16. A strip-shaped through groove is provided on the connecting column 13, and the connecting rod 18 passes through the through groove and its two ends are respectively hinged to the arc-shaped clamp and the sliding block 17. The micro motor 19 drives the rotating lead screw 16 to realize the automatic adjustment of the opening and closing angle of the arc-shaped clamp. It is especially suitable for operation scenarios at high altitudes or in remote forest areas, eliminating the need for on-site adjustments by personnel and improving the ease of operation.

[0048] In this preferred embodiment, the support mechanism includes a support base 20, three support legs 21, a conical head 22, and a hinge rod 23. The support base 20 is sleeved on the fixed end of the telescopic rod 1. All three support legs 21 are hinged to the support base 20. The conical head 22 is installed at the bottom of the support legs 21. The two ends of the hinge rod 23 are respectively hinged to two adjacent support legs 21. When unfolded, it forms a multi-point support structure with a larger support surface and stronger stability. It can adapt to complex terrains such as uneven and soft woodlands, preventing the device from tipping over. The conical head 22 at the bottom of the support leg 21 can be inserted into the ground to enhance the grip, especially in easily slippery terrains such as mountains and slopes. In this design, the device can effectively resist the effects of wind and ground subsidence, further enhancing its anti-tipping ability. The hinge rod 23 connects adjacent support legs 21, ensuring that all support legs 21 have the same unfolding angle, forming a symmetrical and stable support structure. It also limits the excessive unfolding of the support legs 21, preventing the structure from becoming loose. At the same time, it facilitates the folding and storage of the support legs 21, reducing the space occupied during transportation. The support base 20 is sleeved on the fixed end of the telescopic rod 1, making it easy to assemble and disassemble. It can be flexibly adapted to the specifications of the telescopic rod 1 without affecting the telescopic function of the telescopic rod 1, achieving efficient cooperation between the support mechanism and the telescopic rod 1, and improving the overall practicality of the device.

[0049] In this preferred embodiment, the telescopic rod 1 is provided with a telescopic plate 24, and a fan-shaped plate 25 is hinged to the telescopic plate 24. A solar panel 26 is laid on the fan-shaped plate 25. The solar panel 26 can convert solar energy into electrical energy to provide continuous power for the device's insect-attracting lamp 5, high-definition camera 11, sensor, micro motor 19 and other electrical components. The design of the fan-shaped plate 25 increases the light-receiving area of ​​the solar panel 26, which can receive sunlight from different angles more fully and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Especially in forest environments with poor lighting conditions, it can still ensure a sufficient power supply. The telescopic plate 24 can adjust the direction and angle of the solar panel 26, and can flexibly adjust according to the direction of sunlight in different times and regions, so that the solar panel 26 always maintains the best light-receiving posture and further improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0050] Example 2: A forest tree disease and pest data acquisition system, including a data acquisition module, an intelligent classification module, a data fusion module, a data analysis module, and a pest early warning module; the data acquisition module is used to acquire disease and pest images captured and transmitted by a high-definition camera 11, and then extracts the morphological features of the diseases and pests for species identification from the images and transmits them to the intelligent classification module, wherein the camera captures images with a resolution of not less than 24 million pixels and a resolution of ≥4800×5000 pixels.

[0051] The intelligent classification module has a built-in updatable database of standard features for pests and diseases. By receiving the morphological features of pests and diseases transmitted by the data acquisition module, it compares the standard features of pests and diseases in the database with the extracted morphological features. It then uses a convolutional neural network model to complete the identification and classification of pests and diseases. When the confidence level of the classification result is lower than 90%, it is marked as requiring manual review. Finally, it generates a classification result containing species information and confidence level parameters and transmits it to the data fusion module. The pest and disease feature database can be updated and expanded locally or in the cloud.

[0052] The data fusion module acquires the classification results transmitted by the intelligent classification module, while simultaneously accessing local meteorological and agricultural / forestry basic data. It performs standardized cleaning, format unification, and correlation fusion of multi-source data using preset rules, constructing a spatiotemporal correlation dataset of pests, diseases, environment, and forest trees, which is then merged and transmitted to the data analysis module. The meteorological data includes at least daily average temperature, humidity, and precipitation (updated at least once per hour), while the forestry basic data includes at least key attributes such as tree species, tree age, and planting density (supporting manual entry or batch import). Both data utilize a dual-storage mode of "local + cloud" (local storage medium ≥128GB). (SSD, synchronized with the cloud via HTTP / HTTPS protocol); the single-factor analysis of the data analysis module includes the proportion of pest and disease types, temporal changes in quantity, and spatial distribution analysis; multi-factor correlation analysis is used to quantify the influence weight of meteorological factors and forest attributes on the occurrence of pests and diseases; trend prediction uses the ARIMA time series model, with a prediction error ≤ ±15%; the early warning module has four levels of early warning (low / medium / high / extremely high risk), and early warning information is pushed through at least one of the following methods: cloud platform, mobile APP, and SMS; prevention and control suggestions are adapted to the corresponding pest and disease type and occurrence scenario.

[0053] The data analysis module receives datasets from the data fusion module and merges them for single-factor and multi-factor correlation analysis. Based on historical fusion data and prediction models, it predicts pest and disease occurrence trends, generates results on pest and disease occurrence patterns, distribution characteristics, and development trends, and transmits these results to the pest early warning module. The pest early warning module receives pest and disease occurrence patterns, distribution characteristics, and development trends from the data analysis module. By presetting multi-level early warning thresholds, it automatically triggers tiered early warnings and pushes early warning information and targeted prevention and control suggestions when the analysis results or predicted trends exceed the corresponding thresholds.

[0054] In this embodiment, the data acquisition module accurately extracts the morphological features of pests and diseases, providing a high-quality data foundation for classification and identification. The intelligent classification module, combined with intelligent algorithms, achieves rapid and accurate identification of pest and disease types. Simultaneously, it updates the database to adapt to new pests and diseases, improving the timeliness and coverage of classification. The data fusion module integrates pest and disease data, meteorological data, and agricultural and forestry data to construct a spatiotemporal correlated dataset, providing comprehensive and multidimensional data support for pest and disease analysis. The data analysis module reveals the occurrence patterns, distribution characteristics, and development trends of pests and diseases through single-factor and multi-factor correlation analysis and trend prediction. Compared to traditional experience-based judgments, this system can more accurately grasp the dynamics of pests and diseases, providing a scientific basis for prevention and control decisions. The pest early warning module achieves tiered early warning based on preset thresholds, promptly pushing early warning information and targeted prevention and control suggestions to achieve early detection, early warning, and early control. This effectively reduces forest losses caused by the spread of pests and diseases, and improves the accuracy and timeliness of forest pest and disease control. The overall system achieves full automation and intelligence in the process of collection, classification, fusion, analysis, and early warning, significantly improving the efficiency of forest pest and disease monitoring and control, reducing manual intervention, and is suitable for large-scale, refined forest management scenarios.

[0055] Working principle: When using this device, first unfold the support leg 21 of the support mechanism and fix it to the ground through the conical head 22. Then extend and retract the telescopic rod 1 to match the tree height, adjust the arc clamp of the clamping mechanism to fit the tree trunk, forming a double stable fixation, adjust the angle of the solar panel 26 to obtain power to power various electrical components, and then use the insect-attracting lamp 5 and the attractant core 6 to attract pests. After the electric grid 7 kills them, the pests fall into the collection box 9. The sensor built into the cover plate 10 sends a shooting command to control the high-definition cameras 11 around the collection box 9 to shoot samples from multiple angles. By transmitting the collected image data to the data acquisition system, combined with local meteorological and agricultural and forestry data, subsequent identification, analysis and early warning are completed. Finally, the collection box 12 collects the pest samples, which is also convenient for manual verification.

[0056] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests, characterized in that: The device includes a telescopic rod (1), a fixed plate (2) on the telescopic rod (1), a pest trapping mechanism on the fixed plate (2) for attracting and killing forest pests, a pest data collection mechanism on the pest trapping mechanism for identifying and recording the attracted and killed forest pests, a support mechanism at the bottom of the telescopic rod (1) for providing stable support for the entire device, and a clamping mechanism on the telescopic rod (1) for clamping onto trees to improve the stability of the device.

2. The support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pest-trapping mechanism includes an umbrella-shaped cover (3), a connecting plate (4), an insect-attracting lamp (5), an attractant core (6), and an electric grid (7); the umbrella-shaped cover (3) is connected to a fixing plate (2), the connecting plate (4) is detachably installed inside the umbrella-shaped cover (3), the attractant core (6) is installed on the connecting plate (4), the insect-attracting lamp (5) is installed on the connecting plate (4) and located around the attractant core (6), and the electric grid (7) is installed around the connecting plate (4).

3. The support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pest data collection mechanism includes a support rod (8), a collection box (9), a cover plate (10), a sensor, a high-definition camera (11), and a collection box (12); the two ends of the support rod (8) are connected to the collection box (9) and the telescopic rod (1) respectively; the high-definition camera (11) is installed around the collection box (9); the sensor is located inside the cover plate (10); the collection box (12) is connected to the bottom of the collection box (9); and the cover plate (10) is installed at the connection between the collection box (9) and the collection box (12).

4. The support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a connecting column (13), an arc-shaped clamp one (14), an arc-shaped clamp two (15), and an adjustment mechanism; the connecting column (13) is connected to the telescopic rod (1), the arc-shaped clamp one (14) and the arc-shaped clamp two (15) are both hinged to the connecting column (13), the arc-shaped clamp one (14) and the arc-shaped clamp two (15) cooperate with each other to clamp trees, and the adjustment mechanism is connected to the arc-shaped clamp one (14) and the arc-shaped clamp two (15) to adjust the opening angle between the arc-shaped clamp one (14) and the arc-shaped clamp two (15).

5. A support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating lead screw (16), a sliding block (17), a connecting rod (18), and a micro motor (19); the fixed end of the micro motor (19) is connected to the connecting column (13), the output end of the micro motor (19) is connected to the rotating lead screw (16), the sliding block (17) is sleeved on the rotating lead screw (16) and slides along the rotating lead screw (16), the connecting column (13) has a strip-shaped through groove, the connecting rod (18) passes through the through groove and its two ends are respectively hinged to the arc-shaped clamp and the sliding block (17).

6. The support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a support base (20), multiple support legs (21), a conical head (22), and a hinge rod (23); the support base (20) is sleeved on the fixed end of the telescopic rod (1), the multiple support legs (21) are all hinged to the support base (20), the conical head (22) is installed at the bottom of the support leg (21), and the two ends of the hinge rod (23) are respectively hinged to two adjacent support legs (21).

7. A support device for collecting data on forest tree diseases and pests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (1) is provided with a telescopic plate (24), the telescopic plate (24) is provided with a fan-shaped plate (25), and the fan-shaped plate (25) is provided with a solar panel (26).

8. A forest tree disease and pest data acquisition system, applied to a support device for forest tree disease and pest data acquisition as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition module, an intelligent classification module, a data fusion module, a data analysis module, and a pest early warning module; The data acquisition module is used to acquire images of pests and diseases captured and transmitted by the high-definition camera (11), and then extract the morphological features of pests and diseases for species identification from the images and transmit them to the intelligent classification module. The intelligent classification module has a built-in updatable database of standard features of pests and diseases. By receiving the morphological features of pests and diseases transmitted by the data acquisition module, it compares the standard features of pests and diseases in the database with the extracted morphological features of pests and diseases, and combines intelligent algorithms to complete the identification and classification of pests and diseases, generate classification results containing type information and confidence parameters, and transmit them to the data fusion module. The data fusion module is used to obtain the classification results transmitted by the intelligent classification module, and at the same time access local meteorological basic data and agricultural and forestry basic data. Through preset rules, it performs standardized cleaning, format unification and correlation fusion of multi-source data, and constructs a spatiotemporal correlation dataset of pests-environment-forest trees, which is then merged and transmitted to the data analysis module. The data analysis module is used to receive the dataset transmitted by the data fusion module, merge it for single-factor analysis and multi-factor correlation analysis, and carry out pest and disease occurrence trend prediction based on historical fusion data and prediction model, generate pest and disease occurrence patterns, distribution characteristics and development trend results and transmit them to the pest early warning module. The pest early warning module is used to receive the results of the occurrence pattern, distribution characteristics and development trend of pests and diseases transmitted by the data analysis module. By preset multi-level early warning thresholds, when the analysis results or predicted trends exceed the corresponding thresholds, the module automatically triggers graded early warnings and pushes early warning information and targeted prevention and control suggestions.

9. A forest tree disease and pest data acquisition system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The meteorological data accessed in the data fusion module includes core indicators such as daily average temperature, humidity and precipitation, while the forestry data includes key attributes such as tree species, tree age and planting density. Both are stored in a dual-mode of local and cloud storage.

10. A forest tree disease and pest data acquisition system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data analysis module includes single-factor analysis of the proportion of pest and disease types, temporal changes in quantity, and spatial distribution analysis. Multi-factor association analysis is used to quantify the influence weights of meteorological factors and forest attributes on the occurrence of pests and diseases. Trend prediction uses the ARIMA time series model.

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